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PWM Motor

This document summarizes a project to control motor speed using pulse width modulation (PWM) with an ARM Cortex M3 microcontroller. Key aspects include: 1) An ARM Cortex M3 microcontroller is used to generate PWM signals to control the speed of a DC motor. 2) PWM provides a more efficient way to control motor speed compared to using a variable resistor, as it avoids energy wastage and allows for automated digital control. 3) The PWM signal works by varying the on-off time of the power supplied to the motor, keeping the voltage amplitude constant, allowing slower speeds without stalling. 4) The project demonstrates using timer TIM4 on the STM

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Abha Singh
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127 views

PWM Motor

This document summarizes a project to control motor speed using pulse width modulation (PWM) with an ARM Cortex M3 microcontroller. Key aspects include: 1) An ARM Cortex M3 microcontroller is used to generate PWM signals to control the speed of a DC motor. 2) PWM provides a more efficient way to control motor speed compared to using a variable resistor, as it avoids energy wastage and allows for automated digital control. 3) The PWM signal works by varying the on-off time of the power supplied to the motor, keeping the voltage amplitude constant, allowing slower speeds without stalling. 4) The project demonstrates using timer TIM4 on the STM

Uploaded by

Abha Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Motor Speed Controller Using ARM

Cortex(PWM)
ETRX A
PCE

By
Rajdeep Bhoi
Tushar Singh
Harshal
Dikshant

Under the Guidance of


Prof Uma Jayshankar
Department of Electronics Engineering

Vidyalankar Institute of Technology


Wadala(E),Mumbai-400437

University of Mumbai

2018-19

Introduction:
In various industrial processes we make use of motors to drive machinery in order to
achieve synchronization and feasible to control we use the function of PWM by
supplying it we can control the speed and can be used for synchronization for
multiple motor

Circuit Diagram:

List of Components:

Components

Arm cortex m3

Motor driver

Bread board

Connecting wire

Programming language C

Dc Motor
Arm Cortex M3:

M Cortex-M is a group of 32-bit RISC ARM processor cores licensed by ARM Holdings.
The cores are intended for microcontroller use, and consist of the Cortex-M0, M0+,
M1, M3, M4, and M7.

The ARM Cortex-M3 processor is very well suited for highly deterministic real-time
applications, even for low-cost platforms, such as automotive body systems, industrial
control systems, wireless networking and sensors, and many more.
Cortex-M3 microcontrollers are available from a number of semiconductor
manufacturers such as Texas Instruments, Infineon, Atmel, NXP (formerly Philips),
Analog Devices, Toshiba, STMicroelectronics, and more.

Key features of the Cortex-M3 core are:

ARMv7-M architecture
3-stage pipeline with branch speculation.
Instruction sets:
Thumb (entire).
Thumb-2 (entire).
32-bit hardware multiply with 32-bit or 64-bit result, signed or unsigned, add or subtract
after the multiply.
32-bit hardware divide (2-12 cycles).
Saturated math support.
DSP extension: Single cycle 16/32-bit MAC, single cycle dual 16-bit MAC, 8/16-bit
SIMD arithmetic.
1 to 240 interrupts, plus NMI.
12 cycle interrupt latency.
Integrated sleep modes.
Why PWM is more preferable for Controlling speed?

There are multiple ways to adjust the speed of a DC Motor manually. The simplest
way to achieve this is with the help of a variable resistor i.e. we can adjust the speed
of a DC Motor by using a variable resistance in series with the motor.

But this method is usually not prepared for two reasons. The first reason is energy
wastage i.e. the resistor dissipates the excess energy as heat. The second reason is
if we want to use any devices like microcontrollers or any other digital equipment for
automating our DC Motor speed control, then this method cannot be used.

A more efficient way to proceed is by using Pulse Width Modulation technique to


Control the speed of our DC motor.

Working Principle:

Pulse Width Modulated Waveform:

The use of pulse width modulation to control a small motor has the advantage in that
the power loss in the switching transistor is small because the transistor is either fully
“ON” or fully “OFF”. As a result the switching transistor has a much reduced power
dissipation giving it a linear type of control which results in better speed stability.

Also the amplitude of the motor voltage remains constant so the motor is always at full
strength. The result is that the motor can be rotated much more slowly without it
stalling.

The 'PWM' project is a simple program for the STM32F103RBT6


using Keil 'MCBSTM32' Evaluation Board and demonstrating
the use of PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) with Timer TIM4 .

Example functionality:
- Clock Settings:
- XTAL = 8.00 MHz
- SYSCLK = 72.00 MHz
- HCLK = SYSCLK = 72.00 MHz
- PCLK1 = HCLK/2 = 36.00 MHz
- PCLK2 = HCLK = 72.00 MHz
- ADCLK = PCLK2/6 = 12.00 MHz
- SYSTICK = HCLK/8 = 9.00 MHz

- TIM4 is running at 100Hz.


LEDs PB8, PB9 are dimmed using the PWM function of TIM4 channel3, channel4

The Timer program is available in different targets:


Simulator: - configured for software Simulator
MCBSTM32: - runs from Internal Flash located on chip

Hardware Setup:
Applications:
PWM can be used in many way to control the power supply A more efficient way to
proceed is by using Pulse Width Modulation technique to Control the speed of our DC
motor.

Future Scope:
PWM futher can be used for desired supply for any device or for wireless required
power transmission on the basis of device power requirement and for other
controllable devices.
Refrences:
[1] Kanayama, Y., N. Miyake, "Trajectory Generation for Mobile Robots", Robotics
Research,vol. 3, pp. 333-340, The MIT Press, 1986.
[2]Komonya, K., S. Tachi, K. Tanie, "A Method for Autonomous Locomotion of
MobileRobots,'' Journal of Robotics Society of Japan, vol. 2, pp.222-231, 1984.
[3]Jim (2005) PWM/PID/Servo Motor Control using Orangutan from Pololu. [Online].
Availableat: (Accessed 5th May, 2013)L DATASHEET [Online]. Available at< ;
(Accessed on 3rd May, 2013)

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