A pplicatio n Note 203WA0416G

ASTM D2163 D4424

D5303 D5504 D6159

LPG Analyser D6228 D7756 D 7423

IP 264/72 405 CD/96/97
ISO 7941
UOP 960
 G.A .S offers custom configured GC analysers for complex separations, data processing and reporting. We
have over 40 years of experience in designing and building turnkey analysers for many application fields.
Our analysers are designed to meet many accepted standard methods (like GPA, ASTM, UOP and ISO) in
the Oil and Gas industry. The efficient hardware configurations are based on proven GC technology,
resulting in robust instruments with an optimal return on investment.

The G.A .S LPG analyser is the customised solution for determination of several components in Liquefied
Petroleum Gases like hydrocarbons, oxygenates and sulphur components.

LPG Analyser
Liquid injection of LPG samples is preferred over gas injection, pressurising sample out
gas
especially to avoid loss of heavier components like C6 -C10 hydrocarbons.
Diagram 1 shows the basic diagram for high pressure liquid sample
introduction. The sample cylinder is pressurised to 7-20 bar (depending pressure
control
on sample type) and a dedicated LPG pressure regulator controls the
pressure at the outlet of the Liquid Sampling Valve (LSV). In this way, the
liquid state of the sample in the valve is guaranteed, which is essential
for correct sample injection. This setup guarantees accurate quantitative sample pressure
cylinder control
results, and is preferred over manual adjustment of the sample flow.
Figure 9 (p. 4) shows excellent repeatability of successive injections of a
Sample
butane / iso-butane sample. Securitiser

InstantConnect

Sample Securitiser: Safety first LSV

s

When high pressures (up to 20 bar) are applied in laboratories, safe

w

c p

sample handling is essential. The Sample Securitiser (figure 8) complies back

with Pressure Equipment Directive PED 97/23/EG and ATEX Directive

InstantConnect InstantConnect
FID SSL

94/9/EG. More details are availalbe in a separate brochure.

carrier
IEC air
H2 purge
P DPFC
IEC
make-up
split

front front

column

InstantConnect module concept

The G.A.S LPG analyser is based on Thermo Trace 1300/1310 GC. This GC oven

instrument uses the InstantConnect module technology, offering a novel

module design for injectors, detectors and LSV (Liquid Sampling Valve). Figure 1. Diagram LPG analyser with LSV

The user can exchange modules in minutes, for high uptime and low
maintenance costs. See figure 3.

Figure 3. InstantConnect injector and detector technology Figure 2. InstantConnect Liquid Sampling Valve (LSV)
Results
Figure 4 shows impurities in propylene using FID detection. In figure
5 sulphur components in propylene are analysed using PFPD
(Pulsed Flame Photometric Detector; see the specific application
note on low sulphur analysis). The concentration level is 1 ppm for
each component. In figure 6, oxygenated components in LPG are
are shown (100 ppm, ASTM D7423; 0.5-100 ppm range; see the
specific application note). Figure 9 shows excellent repeatability for
liquid injection of butane using LSV and Sample Securitiser.

Sample Securitiser/LSV - Vaporiser/GSV

Injection of LPG samples by Liquid Injection Valve and Sample
Securitiser is the preferred technique for analysis of C 1-C10
hydrocarbons. In case of measurement of light hydrocarbons and
permanent gases in LPG, injection by GSV (Gas Sampling Valve) is
a good alternative. In this case the Vaporiser is used to obtain a
gaseous sample. GSV is also used for the analysis of light Figure 4. Impurities in Prolylene. FID detector

hydrocarbons streams like C1 and C2. GSV and LSV can be mounted
in series, injecting on the same column.

Figure 7. Vaporiser for injecting

LPG as a gas

Backflush option
Analysis of C1-C 5 (detailed separation) and C 6+ (single backflush
peak) is available by adding a 'backflush to detector' option to the
analyser. A backflush configuration based on Deans switching is
offered as well.

Multi-channel instruments
The LPG analyser can be combined with other methods in one base
unit. For instance simlutaneous analysis of hydrocarbons and
Figure 5. Sulphur components in LPG. PFPD detector
sulphur components, or an additional channel for a specific analysis
like propyne in 1.3-butadiene.

Figure 8. Trace GC1300 with Sample Securitiser Figure 6. Oxygenated components in LPG, 100 ppm level.
(ASTM D7423, 0.5-100 ppm range)
 Specifications

Figure 9. Repeatability LPG analyser

(LSV + Sample Securitiser)

Standardised method: ASTM D2163, D4424, D5303, D5504, D6159, D6228, D7756, D7423
IP 264/72, 405, CD/96/97
ISO 7941
UOP 960
Configuration: 1 channel instrument for liquid injection of LPG samples, extendable to 4 channels. Detector depending on
application: FID for hydrocarbons, PFPD for sulphur compounds, TCD and PDD for permantent gases, and
others. Liquid Sampling Valve (LSV) for liquid injection of LPG samples
Optional: -Sample Securitiser for accurate and safe high pressure injection of LPG samples
-Vaporiser in case of optional GSV
-Gas injection valve (GSV) ; optional stop-flow valve.
-Backflush to detector of C5+ or C6+ fraction.
-Multi channel system for combined methods.
-Auto sampler for 10 sample cylinders.
Sample tubing: Sulfinert ® tubing for inert sample path (H2S analysis).
Application: Custom configured analyser for the analysis of LPG and gaseous samples, containing for example
hydrocarbons, sulphur compounds or oxygenate compounds. The instrument is factory tuned for the specific
application intended.
Sample requirements: See our pre-installation guide for additional requirements.
Analysis Time: Depending on application.
Minimum detectability: Hydrocarbons: down to 0.5 ppm, depending on sample loop volume and separation,
sulphur compounds: < 100 ppb S, depending on sample loop volume and separation.
Dynamic Range: 7 decades for FID, others depending on specific detector.
Accuracy: Depending on external calibration and repeatability.
Repeatability: Better than 1% RSD (depending on application and configuration).

G.A.S is an G.A.S is the

INTERSCIENCE preferred solution
company partner of

P.O. Box 2148, 4800 CC Breda, The Netherlands

T: +31 (0)76 5411800 F: +31 (0)842 206757
[email protected] www.gas-site.com