VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Jnana Sangama, Belgaum, Karnataka-590 014

A PROJECT REPORT
ON

“HVAC PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FOR A CONFERENCE

ROOM”
Project Report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for
the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Submitted by

Manoj Yadav B G 1NH15ME067

B U Rahul Shetty 1NH15ME146
Rohan R 1NH15ME100
Suhail K T 1NH15ME125

Under the guidance of

Dr. P Adhikary
Professor-ME
 DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
It is certified that the Project work entitled “HVAC performance analysis for a
conference room” carried out by MANOJ YADAV B G (1NH15ME067), B U RAHUL
SHETTY (1NH15ME146), ROHAN R (1NH15ME100), SUHAIL KT
(1NH15ME125), the bonafide students of New Horizon College of Engineering,
Bengaluru, in partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Engineering in
Mechanical Engineering of the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum
during the year 2018-2019. It is further certified that all corrections/suggestions
indicated for internal assessment has been incorporated in the report deposited in
the department library. The Project has been approved as it satisfies the academic
requirements in respect of Project Work prescribed for the Bachelor of
Engineering degree.

Signature of the Guide Signature of the HOD Signature of the Principal

Dr. P ADHIKARY Dr. M S GANESHA PRASAD Dr. MANJUNATHA
Professor-ME Dean, Prof. and HOD-ME Principal
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering. NHCE

Name(s) of the student: University Seat Number:

Manoj Yadav B G 1NH15ME067
B U Rahul Shetty 1NH15ME146
Rohan R 1NH15ME100
Suhail K T 1NH15ME125
External Viva
Examiner Signature with date:
1.
2.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We thank the Lord Almighty for showering his blessings on us.

It is indeed a great pleasure to recall the people who have helped us in carrying
out this project. Naming all the people who have helped us in achieving this goal would
be impossible, yet we attempt to thank a selected few who have helped us in diverse
ways.
We wish to express our sincere gratitude to Dr. Manjunatha, Principal, NHCE,
Bangalore, for providing us with facilities to carry out this project.
We wish to express our sincere gratitude to Dr. M S Ganesha Prasad Dean-
Students Affairs & Head of Department, Mechanical Engg., for his constant
encouragement and cooperation.
We wish to express our sincere gratitude to our teacher and guide Dr. Priyabrata
Adhikary. Professor in the Department of Mechanical Egg., NHCE, for his valuable
suggestions, guidance, care & attention shown during the planning, conduction stages of
this project work.
We express our sincere thanks to project coordinators, all the staff members and
non-teaching staff of Department of Mechanical Egg., for the kind cooperation extended
by them.
We thank our parents for their support and encouragement throughout the
course of our studies.

Manoj Yadav B G 1NH15ME067

Rohan R 1NH15ME100
B.U Rahul Shetty 1NH15ME146
Suhail K T 1NH15ME125
 DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the entire work embodied in this dissertation has been
carried out by us and no part of it has been submitted for any degree of any institution
previously.

Date:
Place: Bangalore
Name USN Signature

Manoj Yadav B G 1NH15ME067

Rohan R 1NH15ME100

B.U Rahul Shetty 1NH15ME146

Suhail K T 1NH15ME125

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the above declaration made by the candidates is correct to
the best of my knowledge and belief.

Place: Bangalore Mr. Dr. P Adhikary

Date: Professor,
Department of Mechanical Egg,
N.H.C.E, Bengaluru.
 ABSTRACT

This case study deals with the CFD based analysis of air(using FLoEFD tool)
conditioning in a conference room. The flow of air can be induced through mechanical
means(air conditioner).Where naturally air flows from a higher pressure to lower
pressure. Air flow can be channelized using CFD.so here by using FLoEFD commercial
code.We perform analysis on HVAC model (conference room) 2TR*1No and 1TR*2Nos by
saving valuable cost-time-effort.
 CONTENTS

CERTIFICATE
PLAGIARISM CERTIFICATE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
DECLARATION
ABSTRACT
REFERENCES
ROBOHORIZON CERTIFICATE
PLAGIARISM REPORT
 LIST OF FIGURES

 Fig (a).
 Fig (b).
 Fig (c).
 Fig (d).
 Fig (e).
 Fig (f).
 HVAC PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FOR A CONFERENCE ROOM

CHAPTER-1

INTRODUCTION

Heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) systems are among main
installations in residential, commercial and industrial buildings. The purpose of the HVAC
system is normally to provide comfortable environment in terms of temperature,
humidity and other environmental parameters to occupants. In this case we show that
the performance of air conditioning in a conference room, by comparing two
combinations of air conditioners. Using a commercial CFD code.

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CHAPTER-2

LITERATURE REVIEW

Catalin-George Popovicia, Valeriu Sebastian Hudi teanua: [1]- The study

presents the functionality of the heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC)
system for an important and prestigious objective of Iasi, the “Vasile Alecsandri”
National Theatre. A numerical model was created, for the indoor climate analysis,
obtaining the main thermal comfort parameters, in different zones of the
auditorium. The model carried out on the CFD tool ANSYS-Fluent, is based on the
recently implemented HVAC system of the theatre. The results are presented
comparatively in two distinct scenarios of the ventilation and conditioning system:
when the theatre is occupied and during the breaks. Results from simulation
showed that the system provides suitable conditions for occupants and decorative
finishing.
Aravinda , Karthik , Ningappa D Kunabeva [2]- HVAC system is widely used in
residential, hotels, malls, hospital to provide thermal comfort and to maintain good
indoor air quality. Design, optimization and numerical analysis of air flow characteristics
in HVAC duct based on the optimization approach for the effective and efficient
evaluation of HVAC duct layout, alternatives at the design stage to get the optimal duct
layout results. It is concluded from the literature review that the numerical modelling
based, duct layout modelling and simulation approach provides a conductive
environment for evaluating the HVAC Duct system layout. Various aspects of HVAC duct
system optimization are analyzed in several studies and the optimization of HVAC duct
system layout is analyzed, the systematic method is developed for evaluating HVAC duct
system layout for specific building load demand and climate conditions. Performance
analysis of rectangular cross sectioned divergence long radius bend, V- shape cut of
HVAC DUCT layout has been carried out.

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PIANGPEN PUASOPIS, ARTIT RIDLUAN [3]-This paper presented a validation of

heat ventilation and air condition (HVAC) system computational simulation for armored
vehicle. The HVAC Design of the prototype is firstly started with the simulation of flow
ventilation supplied from evaporator to study and understand the flow behavior. After
production prototype had been finished, the experiment was conducted to validate the
accuracy of the simulation. It is found that simulation accuracy is depended on the
setting up all of factors that influence the temperature and the simulation time period.
For each case of study, the simulation with the different computational time is
dependent on the physics of interest and parameters to be studied. For the optimal
temperature consideration, the steady state condition was considered. Therefore,
selecting CFD simulation is very important for the HVAC simulation.

P.Gurupranesh , R.C.Radha , N.Karthikeyan [4]- Centrifugal pumps are used

extensively for pumping water over short to medium distance through pipeline where
the requirements of head and discharge are moderate. This project is devoted to
enhance the performance of the centrifugal pump through design modification of
impeller. Theories on pump characteristics are studied in detail. Vane profile of the
impeller is generated using point by point method. The impeller is modelled in
Solidworks 2012 software and CFD analysis is done using fluid flow simulation package.
CFD analysis enables to predict the performance of the pump and a comparative analysis
is made for the entire control volume by varying meshing Pump impeller models have
been developed for critical design parameters of the pump. CFD analysis is done in the
models to predict the pump performance virtually. Experimental analysis is to be carried
out during the second phase of the project work.

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Madhubala Singh& Dr. V N Bartaria [5]- A numerical study of a three-dimensional,

turbulent, recirculating flow within a passenger car cabin is presented. The study is
based on the solution of the partial differential equations representing conservation
of mass, momentum, temperature, turbulence energy and its dissipation rate in
finite volume form. Different parameters are considered to illustrate their influences
on the flow filed and temperature distribution inside car cabin. These parameters
include number and location inside car cabin, different air temperatures at the inlets
and outlet, different air velocities at the inlets and outlet. This paper focuses on the
numerical study of the temperature field and air flow inside a passenger’s cabin
using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method.

S. Lakshmanan, Ashok Saravanan [6]- This paper uses CFD to identify a cooling solution
for a desktop computer. In this modern world speed determines everything
especially desktop PC, CPU have been popular. The computer revolution is growing
rapidly in almost every field. CPU is the electronic components, which produces a lot
of heat that reduces the performance. In this study the forced convection cooling of
heat sinks mounted on CPU are investigated. The design is based on total chassis
power dissipation. This represents significant power dissipation for the chassis
components (Main processor chip, other chipsets North bridge heat sink and South
bridge heat sink) the main processing chip has fin attachments (heat sink) over it for
heat dissipation. There are many designs of heat sink to improve the efficiency, few
heat sink designs are selected and analyzed, which would be give the maximum heat
dissipation. There are many ways of cooling such as air cooling, heat pump cooling.

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CHAPTER-3

LITERATURE SUMMARY

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CHAPTER-4

DESIGN AND FABRICATION

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CHAPTER-5

WORKING PRINCIPLE

The speed at which a fluid flows against an object varies with distance from the
surface of the liquid. The region surrounding an object where the air speed approaches
zero is known as the boundary layer. It is here that surface friction most affects flow;
irregularities in surfaces may affect thickness of boundary, and hence act to disrupt flow.
Air flow can be disambiguated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling or
observed experimentally through the operation of a wind tunnel. This may be used to
predict airflow patterns around automobiles, aircraft, and marine craft, as well as air
penetration of a building envelope. In this case, the governing system of equations can
be written as follows:

(1)

(2)

(3)

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 HVAC PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FOR A CONFERENCE ROOM

5.1 CALCULATIONS
The modified k-ε turbulence model (as used here through FloEFD commercial code
for saving time-cost-effort) with damping functions proposed by Lam and Bremhorst
(1981) describes laminar, turbulent, and transitional flows of homogeneous fluids
consisting of the following turbulence conservation laws

where

if The turbulent viscosity is determined from:

Lam and Bremhorst’s damping function is determined from:

where

y is the distance from point to the wall and Lam and Bremhorst’s damping functions
are determined from:

Lam and Bremhorst’s damping function decrease turbulent viscosity and

turbulence energy and increase the turbulence dissipation rate when the Reynolds

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 HVAC PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FOR A CONFERENCE ROOM

number based on the average velocity of fluctuations and distance from the wall

becomes too small. When the approach obtains the original -k-ℇ
model.

CHAPTER-6

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Paper 1
Case-1(1TR * 2 No.AC – opposite Wall): In this case where we get the required
parameters, by installing 2tr one air conditioner in a system, where after performing flow
simulation.

Fig. 1. Pressure- CFD analysis

Fig. 2. Temperature- CFD analysis

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Fig. 3. Velocity- CFD analysis

Fig. 4. Turbulence intensity- CFD analysis

Case-2(1TR * 2 No.AC – Same Wall): In this case where we get the required
parameters, by installing 1tr two air conditioners in a system, by performing flow
simulation.

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 HVAC PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FOR A CONFERENCE ROOM

Fig. 5. Pressure- CFD analysis

Fig. 6. Velocity- CFD analysis

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Fig. 7. Temperature-CFD analysis

Fig. 8. Turbulence intensity- CFD analysis

Paper 2
Case-1(1TR * 2 No.AC – opposite Wall): In this case where we get the required
parameters, by installing 1TR*2Nos in a system, where after performing flow simulation.

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 HVAC PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FOR A CONFERENCE ROOM

Fig. 1. Pressure- CFD analysis

Fig. 2. Temperature- CFD analysis

Fig. 3. Velocity- CFD analysis

Fig. 4. Turbulence intensity- CFD analysis

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 HVAC PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FOR A CONFERENCE ROOM

Case-2(1TR * 2 No.AC – Same Wall): In this case where we get the required
parameters, by installing 1TR*2Nos in a system, by performing flow simulation.

Fig. 5. Pressure- CFD analysis

Fig. 6. Velocity- CFD analysis

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Fig. 7. Temperature-CFD analysis

Fig. 8. Turbulence intensity- CFD analysis

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CHAPTER-7

CONCLUSION
By performing CFD analysis we have come to know that one ton two air conditioners
fixed on the same wall perform better than one ton two air conditioner fixed on the
opposite walls by saving time-cost-effort.

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 HVAC PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS FOR A CONFERENCE ROOM

CHAPTER-8

SCOPE OF FUTURE WORK

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 REFERENCES

1. P.Adhikary;Design and CFD analysis for pump impeller;2nd RSTC (WR), Science Congress
2017 (WBSSTC 2018), Paper ID: EG-P25

2. P.Adhikary;CFD analysis of concept car for improvement of aerodynamic design;2nd RSTC

(WR), Science Congress 2017 (WBSSTC 2018), Paper ID: EG-P20

3. P.Adhikary;Design and CFD analysis of centrifugal pump;2nd RSTC (WR), Science

Congress 2017 (WBSSTC 2018), Paper ID: EG-P11

4. P.Adhikary;12V DC pico hydro for hilly rural electrification: performance analysis by C.F.D.
(Best Poster Award);2nd RSTC (WR), Science Congress 2017 (WBSSTC 2018), Paper ID:
EG-P1

5. P.Adhikary;Micro Hydropower Generation from Rural Drinking W.T.P.: C.F.D. Analysis & It’s
Validation;FMFP 2016, International Conference, MNNIT Allahabad

6. P.Adhikary;C.F.D. ANALYSIS OF 12V 10W DC MICRO HYDRO TURBINE: A CASE

STUDY;NCETPFS 2016, National Conference, Jadavpur University, Kolkata

7. P.Adhikary;Design and development of Arduino controlled self balancing duct cleaning

robot: a case study;International Conference on “Emerging Technologies for Sustainable
and Intelligent HVAC &R Systems” (ICHVACR 2018);Pages:121-124.

8. Experimental and CFD analysis of heat sinks with base plate for CPU cooling† R.
Mohan1,* and P. Govindarajan2.
9. Numerical simulation of HVAC system functionality in a sociocultural building Cătălin-
George Popovicia, Valeriu Sebastian Hudi ‫܈‬teanua,* .
10. Numerical Analysis of Air Flow Characteristics in Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning
(HVAC) Duct, Aravinda D1, Karthik T2, Ningappa D Kunabeva3.
11. Validation of HVAC system simulation for armored vehicle , 1Piangpen puasopis, 2Artit
ridluan.
12. Experimental and CFD analysis of heat sinks with base plate for CPU cooling† R.
Mohan1,* and P. Govindarajan2.
13. Numerical simulation of HVAC system functionality in a sociocultural building Cătălin-
George Popovicia, Valeriu Sebastian Hudi ‫܈‬teanua,* .
14. Numerical Analysis of Air Flow Characteristics in Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning
(HVAC) Duct, Aravinda D1, Karthik T2, Ningappa D Kunabeva3.
15. Validation of HVAC system simulation for armored vehicle , 1Piangpen puasopis, 2Artit
ridluan.