Name : Syahrul Muttaqien

Class : XII Social 3

1. Definition : is a text that describes a particular person, places, or thing

My Sphinx Cat

My Sphinx cat is the only pet I have. He has a little hair but is not totally hairless as he
has a peach fuzz over much of his body. His coat is often a warm chamois. My Sphinx has a
normal cat proportion.

I like his tail although my mom say that it is like a rats tail. I love his usual color varieties
including, tortoiseshell, chocolate, black, blue, lilac, chocolate etc. He is really an amazing cat.
Believe it or not, he is very intelligent cat. He can respond my voice commands.

He is really funny as well as my friends get a joke. I love him so much as I love my
mother.
Report Text

1. Definition : Report text is a text which present information about something, as it is

Tyrannosaurus Rex

Tyrannosaurus Rex, sometimes just called T-Rex, is believed to be the largest and most fearsome
predator on Earth’s land ever to have existed.

This dinosaur once lived in the Cretaceous period approximately 68 to 65 million years ago. The T-

Rex lived in a humid, semi-tropical environment, in open forests with nearby rivers and in coastal

forested swamps. The seasons were mild.

Tyrannosaurus Rex was up to 40 feet (12.4 m) long, about 15 to 20 feet (4.6 to 6 m) tall. The arms

were only about 3 feet (1 m) long. Tyrannosaurus Rex was roughly 5 to 7 tons in weight.

As a carnivorous dinosaur, this giant predator most likely ambushed their prey, and devoured them

with jaws full of white sharp teeth. With it’s fast ability to run at an astonishing speed of 32 mph (50

kmh), a perfect slim and stiff tail that gave it an excellent balance and allowed it to make quick turns,

equipped this gigantic predator and made it even more deadly, like a killing machine.
Narrative Text

1. Definition : Narrative text is a story with complication or problematic events and it tries to find
the resolutions to solve the problems.
2. Purpose : to amuse or to entertain the reader with a story.
3. Structure : Orientation, Complication, Resolution, Re-orientation/Coda
4. Example :
True Friends

Once upon a time, there were two close friends who were walking through the forest together.
They knew that anything dangerous can happen any time in the forest. So they promised each
other that they would always be together in any case of danger.

Suddenly, they saw a large bear getting closer toward them. One of them climbed a nearby tree
at once. But unfortunately the other one did not know how to climb up the tree. So being led by
his common sense, he lay down on the ground breathless and pretended to be a dead man.

The bear came near the one who was lying on the ground. It smelt in his ears, and slowly left the
place because the bears do not want to touch the dead creatures. After that, the friend on the
tree came down and asked his friend that was on the ground, "Friend, what did the bear
whisper into your ears?" The other friend replied, "Just now the bear advised me not to believe
a false friend."
Recount Text

1. Definition : Recount text is a text that telling the reader about one story, action or activity.
2. Purpose : to entertain or inform the readers.
3. Structure : Orientation, Events, Reorientation
4. Example :

Vacation to The Beach

Last week, I and my friends went to the beach after school. We used public
transportation. We reached the beach at 4 p.m. The beach was beautiful and clean.

At the beach, it was fun. We played football in the coast line. After that, we built a castle from
sand. In the night, we made bonfire together. We roasted fishes and squites then we ate them.
In the midnight, it was time to share our scary stories. One by one, we told our story.

At the morning, we went home. It was a moment i never forgot.

1. Definition : Procedure text is a text that is designed to describe how something is achieved
through a sequence of actions or steps
2. Purpose : to tell the reader how to do or make something through a sequence of actions or
steps.
3. Structure : Goals, Material, Steps, Result
4. Example :

How to Make Ice Cream

Materials:
2 cups milk or cream
2 tablespoons sugar
1 teaspoon Vanilla extract
Several cups of Ice
1 cup salt
You need these supplies to make ice cream
Tub or large coffee can to hold salt and ice
Glass bowl or small coffee can
Electric mixer or whisk
Ice cream scoop
Storage container for freezer

Steps:
First, setting up the cooling apparatus. Stir ice and salt in the larger container.
Then, combine the ingredients. Mix together the milk, sugar, and vanilla in the glass bowl. Then,
set this bowl in the tub filled with ice and rock salt, making sure that the salt water does not spill
into the bowl.

Next, mix the ice cream. Mix the ingredients in the small container vigorously. The salty ice
mixture will cool the mixture down until it turns into ice cream. It should take about 10 to 15
minutes to stir the ice cream using either method. Stir until it is free from ice crystals and is the
right consistency.

Last, storage and serving. ice cream is ready.

1. Definition : Analytical exposition is a kind of text that belongs to the type of argumentation text
where the text contains detailed author’s thinking about a phenomenon that is around.
2. Purpose : To reveal the readers that something is the important case
3. Structure : Thesis, Arguments, Reiteration/Conclusion
4. Example :
Cars should be banned in the city

Cars should be banned in the city. As we all know, cars create pollution, and cause a lot of road deaths
and other accidents.

Firstly, cars, as we all know, contribute to most of the pollution in the world. Cars emit a deadly gas that
causes illnesses such as bronchitis, lung cancer, and ‘triggers’ off asthma. Some of these illnesses are so
bad that people can die from them. Secondly, the city is very busy. Pedestrians wander everywhere and
cars commonly hit pedestrians in the city, which causes them to die. Cars today are our roads biggest
killers.

Thirdly, cars are very noisy. If you live in the city, you may find it hard to sleep at night, or concentrate
on your homework, and especially talk to someone.

conclusion, cars should be banned from the city for the reasons listed.
Hortatory Exposition

1. Definition : Hortatory exposition is a text which represent the attempt of the writer to have the
addressee do something or act in certain way.
2. Purpose : to persuade the readers that something should or should not be the case or be done.
3. Structure : Thesis, Arguments, Reiteration/Conclusion
4. Example :
Indonesian People Should Value All the Different Culture to Promote Unity of the Nation

Indonesia is a culturally-diverse country. Many different religions and cultures from many provinces are
now seen living side by side in many places. One of the biggest questions facing Indonesian today is how
to deal with a culturally diverse citizenry and then promote unity.

Therefore, Indonesians should appreciate differences among culture for the following reasons. Firstly,
Indonesia is vulnerable to separation for its archipelago and culture diversity. Raising tolerance among
people is the best way to maintain the unity among differences. Many ways or cultures of living are
equally legal, even if they are not regarded as normal by some people. If a society claims to be tolerant
of personal choice, then it must respect the personal choice to retain their heritage. Then, unity of the
nation can be preserved.

Secondly, Indonesians must recognize that every culture has different customs and beliefs. Thus, people
are forbidden to make judgments of comparative value, for it is measuring something unmeasured. A
plurality of nations, especially in the modern era, can allow for cultural development and cultural
exchange that benefits both parties. The cross-cultural understanding among cultures makes the world a
better place and preserves the unity of the nation.

Lastly, raising nationalism is one way to preserve unity of the nation. It is a sense of fellow feeling
between group members. This promotes cooperation and social cohesion within the group. The sense of
social cooperation makes welfare, social security and medical programs much more likely and stronger.

Cultural differences are sometime a sensitive matter for people. Indonesian people must teach younger
generation about the importance of the cultural identity and nationalism to promote unity of the nation.
Biography Text
1. Definition : biography is an account of somebody's life written by somebody else, complete with
details of the most important parts.
2. Purpose : to inform by retelling past events and achievements in a person’s life.
3. Structure : Orientation, Series, Reorientation
4. Example :

Kurt Cobain

Kurt Cobain was the lead singer and the guitarist of an American grunge band called Nirvana. He was
born in Aberdeen, Washington, on 20 February 1967.

When Cobain was eight years old, his parents divorced. This divorce gave bad impact on his life. At his
fourteenth birthday, his uncle gave him a guitar as the gift. Since that, he began work on his own songs.
He and his friend, Krist Novoselic usually practiced music in the upstairs room of a salon own by
Novoselic`s mother.

In 1986, they formed a grunge band named Nirvana. Cobain was the vocalist as well as guitarist and
Novoselic played bass. They released their first album titled Bleach in 1989. In 1991 they released the
second album, Never mind. It was their greatest album which made them a kind of popular superstar.
This album included popular songs like Smell Like Teen Spirit, About A Girl, Come as You Are, In Bloom
and Lithium.

However the popularity was intimidating to Cobain. He began addicted to drugs and became worse,
even he overdosed on heroin. On March 30, he went to a rehabilitation but ran away. He was reported
missing for a few days. Then on 8 April 1994, he was found dead in his house in Lake Washington. He
had shot himself.
News Item
1. Definition : News items is a text that informs the readers about newsworthy or important events
of the day.
2. Purpose : to inform the readers about newsworthy or important events of the day.
3. Structure : Main Event/Newsworthy Event, Background Event/Elaboration, Source
4. Example :
Rooney Now a Manchester United Legend

The Red Devils boss paid tribute to his captain after he became the club's record goalscorer on Saturday,

in the club's 1-1 draw with Stoke.

Jose Mourinho described Wayne Rooney as "a legend of Manchester United" after his last-gasp
equaliser against Stoke City saw him break the club's goalscoring record.

The 31-year-old swept in a brilliant free-kick with seconds remaining at the bet365 Stadium to move
onto 250 goals in 546 appearances - one more than former record-holder Bobby Charlton.

And Mourinho praised his captain for claiming a place in the history of both the club and the global
game.

"The record is the record," he told Sky Sports after the 1-1 draw. "It is the record of the biggest club in
England and one of the biggest in the world. Before him the record belonged to a legend of English
football. Now Wayne becomes a legend of Manchester United." said Mourinho.