SOFTWARE

ENGINEERING
Chapter 1: Key Concepts
MOTIVATION…
Programming is fun, but developing quality software is hard. In between the
nice ideas, the requirements or the "vision," and a working software product,
there is much more than programming [LARMAN]
What is software
engineering?
FIRST DEFINITION…
Software engineering is the usage of proven practices and techniques derived
from systems engineering adapting them to address the challenges of software
development. [SCHMIDTH]
SOMMERVILLE SAYS…

• It’s a discipline that joins all the software processes involved to

develop a working software product.

• It’s engineering as you may have to do everything posible to make

things work even with limitations (money, team, time…)
It is…

Project
Development
Software Management
Design
• Programming
AND SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
IS…
NOW…
Let’s see some history, how did we get where we are now?
ENGINEERING?
1700’s Statics
1700’s Strength of materials
1775 Hydraulics
Science
Production ENGINEERING!
1750 Full analysis of materials
Commerce 1850 Structure analysis

Craft
Romans
(1st century)
ENGINEERING?

Science
Emerging research!
Production ENGINEERING!
Software development Here we are…
methods (SDM) Commerce
1990: Adoption of SDM’s
Craft
Why not… a timeline?
TIMELINE I

1940: First
digital 1961:
computers Modularity

1950: 1981: Software

Programming engineering
languages
TIMELINE II

1981:
Software 1990: Rise of 2001: Agile
Crisis internet Manifesto

1984: 2000:
Software Lightweight
engineering methodologie
institute s
 TIMELINE II

2003: 2011:
2000: Android Changes of
Google’s Inc. Is 2004: Web architectur
Revolution launched 2.0 e (Cloud)

2001: 3G 2004:SOA 2009: 2013:

Microservic Internet of
es things
What is a software
process
SOFTWARE PROCESS

• It’s the set of activities needed for getting a result…

 Could you define
everyone of them?
REQUIREMENTS
DESIGN
• Design shows every single piece of
software that needs to be done, that
means, databases, interactions, interfaces

• What data composes your system and how

they interact

• This is the guide that programmers will

implement
IMPLEMENTATION

• Well, let’s write some code!

• Designs become code
• You may need IDE’s
• Source code control
• Profilers
• Static analysis tolos
• Refactoring
 TESTING

• Developers do not put bugs

intentionally
• Developers test their code
• Non-developers test the software [QA]
• After everything is integrated, the
whole package is tested

Are there bugs?, will any optimization be needed?, what if my connection constantly falls?, How can I make this thing to fail?
DEPLOYMENT
• It’s the process of putting the final
application in the user’s hands.

• You may need an installation manual!

• Tasks:
• Environments
• Hardware resources
• Server configuration
• Cloud configuration
• Software dependencies
MAINTENANCE

• Every single effort that is put to

every single piece of software
after it has been deployed:
• Patches
• Security Updates
• Compatibility with newer hardware
• Optimization
Is there another
approach?
Software Processes… Generic

Specification Development Validation Evolution

What about process
models?
A PROCESS MODEL..

• Well, it’s how you manage to organize and prioritize activities...

• It’s what we normally call software development methodologies

PROCESS MODELS
Predictive Iterative:
• Waterfall Spiral
• Waterfall with feedback UP
RUP
• Sashimi
• Incremental Waterfall
PROCESS MODELS
Agile
• XP • AUP
• Lean • DAD
• Crystal • Kanban
• FDD
Software Engineering
Challenges
Challenges

1) Heterogenity: 2) Delivery: 3) Trust:

Different Users can

Different More Faster is
Programmin rely on
computers support better!
g Languages software
And the reason why this is
difficult is…
You need to be careful with

• Capturing the functional and non functional

requirements
• The choice of the right development and
deployment tools
• Manage hardware properly
• Doing good designs
• Having recovery strategies
• Choosing development methodologies
And you may need a lot of skills!

• Specification • Good practices

fundamentals • Software development
• Design concepts process
• Performance • Security
considerations • Coding
• Resource management • Quality
And if we take into account
every single aspect…
This is worse…
Can we talk a bit about
software?
Software Definition!
Is the set of computing programs, processes, rules, documentation and
associated data that becomes part of the operations of the system
IEEE Standard 729
Another one please!!
Software Definition 2!
Computer programs and associated documentation. Software products may
be developed for a particular customer or may be developed for a general
market.
SOMMERVILLE
GENERIC SOFTWARE VS CUSTOM

Generic Custom
4 Key Elements for Software

1) Efficiency 2)Trustability 3) Usability: 4) Evolution

• Consuming just • Security, • Intuitive?, easy • Software will
the neccesary! Protection, to use always change,
Stability even after
deployed
What about Colombia?
Well…

https://disqus.com/home/discussion/bunnyincblog/colomb
ia_doesnt_have_any_software_engineers_really_not_even_o
ne/

• It’s a fact that we have skilled and good engineers, but…

on the other hand our companies prefer technologists and
technicians rather than engineers.
WE NEED BETTER
COMPANIES!
The bad engineering culture is closing the gap (in a bad way) between
technicians and engineers
Let’s see an example!
Smiley and the data system! PT 1

Smiley has won an scholarship that

allows him to stody abroad

He just needs to put all of his

information into a data system.
Smiley and the data system! PT II

1) Time loads were extremely

high!

2) After Loading and adding all

the data into the forms, the
system won’t ever validate the
info.

Usability and efficiency --

Smiley and the data system! PT III

After several sessions of phone calling

they confirmed that the issue is that
some parts of the form are not visible for
the users

They resolved the issue, and smiley

tried the system again
Smiley and the data system! PT IV

1) One form became totally

unaccessible

2) The system started to crash

with errors (like 404), and the
data validation became
impossible

Nice fix!

Trustability and efficiency --

Smiley and the data system! PT V

After more sessions of emailing and

phone calls their decision was to

RE DO ALL THE SYSTEM

So.. Think about their Budget, timing,

management, and software processes
Things may change if…

• Software engineering became a MUST discipline

• We had respect for the quality of every software

produced

• We had genuine interest and software contributions

 What about Ethics in
Software Development?
4 Basic principles

Confidentiality Competence Intellectual property Computer missuse

•Respect to clients and •Don’t lie about you rights •Playing games?
employers •Libraries… copyright… •Pouring malware into
someone’s machine
Let’s talk about money!
What about other countries?
What about programming
languages?
One Shot Review
Review!

• What is software engineering?

• What is a software process?
• What is a process model?
• Why is software engineering difficult?
• Which are the challenges of software engineering?
 References

• [SOMMERVILLE] Ian Sommervile. Software Engineering 9th Edition

• [SCHMIDT] Richard Schmidt. Software Development Architecture-Driven Software Development
• [KUMARAN] Why Software Engineering is complex?
• [STEPHENS] Beginning Software Engineering. 2015
• [CROOKSHANKS] Software Development Techniques. 2015
Class has died… for today!