Chem Titration

CHEMISTRY LAB REPORT
titration of
hydrochloric acid
and sodium hydroxide
by
Sitanan Laojindapun
Panyawaree Saringkarnpoonperm
Yavitha Siri-u-vithtaya
Natavee Srifah
1105
Mahidol University International Demonstration School
20 Feb 2019
abstract
In this experiment, we using buret to slowly add sodium
hydroxide solution into an erlenmeyer flask with 10.00 mL of the
acid solution that mix with 2-3 drops of phenolphthalein, until it
reach the end point color of the solution will turn in to light pink.
Another solution is add sodium hydroxide solution with 10.00 mL
acid solution that mix with 2-3 drops of bromophenol blue, to
determine the equivalence point color of the solution will turn to
light green. After finish mix solution we use ph meter to find
number of ph. In this experiment we have to demonstrate the
basic laboratory technique of titration, able to calculate molarity
based on titrations by using data form the lab, to determine
unknown concentration is a example using an analytical method, and
able to describe the difference between an “endpoint of the
equivalence point” in an acid-base titration.
Conclusion, we got 4 solutions which are 2 mix solutions of
phenolphthalein and 2 mix solutions of bromophenol. In
phenolphthalein we turn the solution in to light pink color also in
bromophenol we turn it in to color less. From this experiment, it
makes us able to identify the equivalence point and value of pH in
solution. Also we know how to calculate molarity based by using
data from the experiment.
introduction
Titration is the lab technique that use to determine an unknown
concentration by slowly add another solution until it reaches the point
where they are neutralized (ChemistryLibretext, 2016). Neutralization is
the chemical reaction which strong base and strong acid combined to
form a water and salt as a product. Sodium hydroxide is an erosive
substance that is used to neutralize acids and make sodium salts. The
purposes of the titration experiment are to know the amount of NaOH
that will affect the solution when it neutralized or reach the end point.
In addition, neutralization is often indicated by a colour change by using
the indicator. For Instance, phenolphthalein is a pink indicator used to
determine acid-base solutions by dropping it in the solution before
titration (PubChem, 2019). They will turn into magenta if the solution is a
the basic solution and they will be colourless in acid solution.
Furthermore, bromophenol blue (Bromophenol Blue sodium salt, n.d.) is
another pH indicator and it will change its colour when the solution is
around 6.0 to yellow and change to blue when the solution is around 7.6
to blue.
experiment
glassware
Erlenmayer Flask pH tester Beaker
Clamp Buret
Dropper Volumetric Pipette Rubber bulb

experiment
procedures
Place flask under Record Final and

Record molar in the
buret and base in wash
sheet
erlenmeyer flask
add 2-3 drop of

Obtain 100 mL of Refill NaOH
phenolphthaline
NaOH
(in beaker)
Record #2 Trial
Transfer in
Clean the buret
erlenmeyer flask
Add 5 mL of bas Draw 10.0 mL of acid Conduct additional

solution (volumetric pipette) and measure pHl
Drain solution Day 2

Record initial buret Repeat step5
through stopcock #1 trial (use bromophenal
blue)
Complete data and

Pour NaOH in buret Open stopclock post lab
results
pre - lab question
1. How will you know when your titration is finished?

We can recognized the change in color of after we have add 3 drops of
indicator and swirl the flask while adding the base solution which is NaOH.
The Phenolphthalein will change its color to light pink which means that it
reach the end point but if it change its color to pink, it means that we have
add too much base solution. The Bromophenol blue will change its color
from yellow to grey or light green.
2. Label the pH scale below with acid, base, and neutral, indicating
numbers for each.
pH < 7 [ Acidic ]
pH > 7 [ Base ]
pH = 7 [ Neutral ]
3. On the scale above, use an arrow to show where your equivalence

point is located.
pH = 7 (Neutral) = Equivalence
4. Write the neutralization reaction that occurs between

hydrobromic acid (HBr) and lithium hydroxide (LiOH).
HBr + LiOH ⇌ H2O + LiBr

results
5. What is the concentration of 10.00 mL of HBr if it takes 16.73 mL
of a 0.253 M LiOH solution to neutralize it?
10.00 mL = 0.01 L
16.73 mL = 0.01673 L
M = mol / L M = mol/L
0.253 = mol / 0.01673 M = 4.23269 x 10^-3 / 0.01 L
0.00423269 = mol M = 0.423269
mol = 4.23269 x 10^-3
data collection
results
Concentration of sodium hydroxide : 0.0498 M
discussion
post - lab question
1. How would it affect your results if you used a beaker with

residual water in it to measure out your standardized sodium
hydroxide solution?
The number of the results will be mistake. The concentration of your

standard is different also the calculated initial concentration of the analyte is
incorrect.
2. How would it affect your results if you used a wet Erlenmeyer
flask instead of a dry one when transferring your acid solution from
the volumetric pipette?
It will affect the number of acid solution. The water in the wet flask will alter
the concentration of the acid, thus affecting the result of the experiment.
3. How do you tell if you have exceeded the equivalence point in your
titration?
We look at the color of the solution, such that if the solution turn to dark
pink it’s means that the solution was exceeded the equivalence point in
titration. Thus, how much light pink appear in the solution is how much you
near the end point.
discussion
4. Vinegar is a solution of acetic acid (CH3COOH) in water. For quality
control purposes, it can be titrated using sodium hydroxide to
assure a specific % composition. If 25.00 mL of acetic acid is
titrated with 9.08 mL of a standardized 2.293 M sodium hydroxide
solution, what is the molarity of the vinegar?
CH3COOH + NaOH → H2O + CH3COONa

25 ml 9.08 ml
__ M 2.293 M
M = mol/L → 2.293 = mol/ 0.00908
Mol = 0.02082044 ← Mol = 0.02082044
M = 0.02082044/0.025
Vinegar molarity : 0.8328176 M
comparison
Once Phenolphthalein is used as an indicator for the solution pH,

it will change into colorless when it reaches below pH 8.5 and attains
a pink to deep red hue above pH 9.0. On the other hand, the different
between Phenolphthalein and Bromophenol blue is that Bromophenol
blue the solution will change into yellow when pH is 3.0 and turn into
blue when pH is 4.6
conclusion
In conclusion, we use the titration lab to explore the concepts of
finding the unknown concentration of HCl which is an acid solution. The
indicators that we use is phenolphthalein and bromophenol blue that
will indicate the end point of the solutions. As stated earlier, both
indicators will make a change in color. The phenolphthalein before reach
the endpoint is colorless but after we made the titration by adding 10.2
ml of base solution (NaOH), it changes its color to pale pink, the pH of
the solution is 9. The bromophenol blue is yellow before adding 9.5 ml of
base solution but after it reaches the endpoint, it changes its color to
colorless or light grey and the pH is 3.
suggestion and error
According to the picture on the
left hand side, we can see that there
are 3 different solutions in the beakers.
The left one in yellow color, It is the
Bromophenol blue, one of the indicator
that we use to determine an unknown
concentration in a sample, in neutral
state.
In middle, it is also the Bromophenol blue solution but an amount

of NaOH has added to the solution until it reached the end point which
the colour of the solution change from yellow to colourless. This is
what we want to accomplished through this experiment.
However, as we have to do this twice, for

the first round we add too much NaOH
which means it is over the endpoint and
the colour turns to blue. The second
round was fine. We completely achieve the
equivalent point.
Another mistake was about unconsciousness. We have done the

experiment then we started clean up. No one can remember that we
need to measure the pH value. As a result. we need to start over in
order to get a new completely solution and go over the things what we
need to accomplished from this lab.
references
Bromophenol Blue sodium salt. (n.d.). Retrieved 3 8, 2019, from
sigmaaldrich:
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/b5525?
lang=en&region=TH
Phenolphthalein. (n.d.). Retrieved 3 8, 2019, from PubChem:

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/phenolphthalein#section=Top
Titration. (2016, July 13). Retrieved 3 8, 2019, from Chemistry libretexts:

https://chem.libretexts.org/Ancillary_Materials/Demos%2C_Techniques%2
C_and_Experiments/General_Lab_Techniques/Titration
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CHEMISTRY LAB REPORT

Erlenmayer Flask pH tester Beaker

Dropper Volumetric Pipette Rubber bulb

Place flask under Record Final and

add 2-3 drop of

Add 5 mL of bas Draw 10.0 mL of acid Conduct additional

Drain solution Day 2

Complete data and

1. How will you know when your titration is finished?

3. On the scale above, use an arrow to show where your equivalence

4. Write the neutralization reaction that occurs between

HBr + LiOH ⇌ H2O + LiBr

1. How would it affect your results if you used a beaker with

The number of the results will be mistake. The concentration of your

CH3COOH + NaOH → H2O + CH3COONa

Once Phenolphthalein is used as an indicator for the solution pH,

In middle, it is also the Bromophenol blue solution but an amount

However, as we have to do this twice, for

Another mistake was about unconsciousness. We have done the

Phenolphthalein. (n.d.). Retrieved 3 8, 2019, from PubChem:

Titration. (2016, July 13). Retrieved 3 8, 2019, from Chemistry libretexts:

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