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1.2 Properties of Rational Numbers: 1.2.1 Closure

Rational numbers are closed under addition and multiplication, but not subtraction or division. Integers are closed under addition, subtraction, and multiplication, but not necessarily division. Specifically: 1) Whole numbers are closed under addition and multiplication, but not subtraction or division. 2) Integers are closed under addition, subtraction, and multiplication. For any two integers a and b, the result of a + b, a - b, and a * b is an integer. 3) Rational numbers are closed under addition and multiplication. For any two rational numbers a and b, the result of a + b and a * b is a rational number.

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823 views1 page

1.2 Properties of Rational Numbers: 1.2.1 Closure

Rational numbers are closed under addition and multiplication, but not subtraction or division. Integers are closed under addition, subtraction, and multiplication, but not necessarily division. Specifically: 1) Whole numbers are closed under addition and multiplication, but not subtraction or division. 2) Integers are closed under addition, subtraction, and multiplication. For any two integers a and b, the result of a + b, a - b, and a * b is an integer. 3) Rational numbers are closed under addition and multiplication. For any two rational numbers a and b, the result of a + b and a * b is a rational number.

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Lokendra
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2 MATHEMATICS

1.2 Properties of Rational Numbers


1.2.1 Closure
(i) Whole numbers
Let us revisit the closure property for all the operations on whole numbers in brief.

Operation Numbers Remarks

Addition 0 + 5 = 5, a whole number Whole numbers are closed


4 + 7 = ... . Is it a whole number? under addition.
In general, a + b is a whole
number for any two whole
numbers a and b.

Subtraction 5 – 7 = – 2, which is not a Whole numbers are not closed


whole number. under subtraction.

Multiplication 0 × 3 = 0, a whole number Whole numbers are closed


3 × 7 = ... . Is it a whole number? under multiplication.
In general, if a and b are any two
whole numbers, their product ab
is a whole number.

5
Division 5÷8= , which is not a Whole numbers are not closed
8
under division.
whole number.

Check for closure property under all the four operations for natural numbers.
(ii) Integers
Let us now recall the operations under which integers are closed.

Operation Numbers Remarks

Addition – 6 + 5 = – 1, an integer Integers are closed under


Is – 7 + (–5) an integer? addition.
Is 8 + 5 an integer?
In general, a + b is an integer
for any two integers a and b.
Subtraction 7 – 5 = 2, an integer Integers are closed under
Is 5 – 7 an integer? subtraction.
– 6 – 8 = – 14, an integer

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