QUAD PROCESSING MACHINE

ABSTRACT
This thesis deal with design and fabrication of “QUAD PROCESSING

MACHINE”. This machine is designed for the purpose of multi-operations i.e.

drilling, cutting, grinding & shaping. This machine perform multipurpose operation

at same time with required speed & this machine is automatic which is controlled or

operated by motor which is run with the help of current. This machine is based on

the mechanism of whit worth’s return. This model of the quad processing machine

is may be used in industries and domestic operation which can perform mechanical

operation like drilling, cutting, grinding & shaping of a thin metallic as well as

wooden model or body.

INTRODUCTION
Industries are basically meant for Production of useful goods and services at

low production cost, machinery cost and low inventory cost. Today in this world

every task have been made quicker and fast due to technology advancement but this

advancement also demands huge investments and expenditure, every industry

desires to make high productivity rate maintaining the quality and standard of the

product at low average cost in an industry a considerable portion of investment is

being made for machinery installation. So in this project we have a proposed a

machine which can perform operations like drilling, cutting, shaping and grinding
simultaneously which implies that industrialist have not to pay for machine

performing above tasks individually for operating operation simultaneously.

WORKING PRINCIPLE

Operation performs by machine

DRILLING
Drilling is the operation of producing circular hole in the work-piece by using a
rotating cutter called DRILL.
• The machine used for drilling is called drilling machine.
• The drilling operation can also be accomplished in lathe, in which the drill is
held in tailstock and the work is held by the chuck.
• The most common drill used is the twist drill.

Drilling Machine
• It is the simplest and accurate machine used in production shop.
• The work piece is held stationary i.e. clamped in position and the drill rotates
to make a hole.

SHAPING
The shaping machine is used to machine flat metal surfaces especially where a large
amount of metal has to be removed. Other machines such as milling machines are
much more expensive and are more suited to removing smaller amounts of metal,
very accurately.
• The reciprocating motion of the mechanism inside the shaping machine can
be seen in the diagram. As the disc rotates the top of the machine moves forwards
and backwards, pushing a cutting tool. The cutting tool removes the metal from work
which is carefully bolted down.
• The shaping machine is a simple and yet extremely effective machine. It is
used to remove material, usually metals such as steel or aluminium, to produce a flat
surface. However, it can also be used to manufacture gears such as rack and pinion
systems and other complex shapes. Inside its shell/casing is a crank and slider
mechanism that pushes the cutting tool forward and returns it to its original position.
This motion is continuous.

CUTTING
A hacksaw is a fine-tooth saw with a blade held under tension in a frame, used for
cutting materials such as metal or plastics. Hand-held hacksaws consist of a metal
arch with a handle, usually a pistol grip, with pins for attaching a narrow disposable
blade. A screw or other mechanism is used to put the thin blade under tension. The
blade can be mounted with the teeth facing toward or away from the handle, resulting
in cutting action on either the push or pull stroke. On the push stroke, the arch will
flex slightly, decreasing the tension on the blade.
Blades are available in standardized lengths, usually 10 or 12 inches for a standard
hand hacksaw. "Junior" hacksaws are half this size. Powered hacksaws may use
large blades in a range of sizes, or small machines may use the same hand blades.
GRINDING
Surface grinding is used to produce a smooth finish on flat surfaces. It is a widely
used abrasive machining process in which a spinning wheel covered in rough
particles (grinding wheel) cuts chips of metallic or nonmetallic substance from a
work piece, making a face of it flat or smooth.
Surface grinding is the most common of the grinding operations. It is a finishing
process that uses a rotating abrasive wheel to smooth the flat surface of metallic or
nonmetallic materials to give them a more refined look or to attain a desired surface
for a functional purpose.
The surface grinder is composed of an abrasive wheel, a work holding device known
as a chuck, and a reciprocating or rotary table. The chuck holds the material in place
while it is being worked on. It can do this one of two ways: ferromagnetic pieces are
held in place by a magnetic chuck, while non-ferromagnetic and nonmetallic pieces
are held in place by vacuum or mechanical means. A machine vise (made from
ferromagnetic steel or cast iron) placed on the magnetic chuck can be used to hold
non-ferromagnetic work pieces if only a magnetic chuck is available.
Factors to consider in surface grinding are the material of the grinding wheel and the
material of the piece being worked on.
Typical work piece materials include cast iron and mild steel. These two materials
don't tend to clog the grinding wheel while being processed. Other materials are
aluminum, stainless steel, brass and some plastics. When grinding at high
temperatures, the material tends to become weakened and is more inclined to
corrode. This can also result in a loss of magnetism in materials where this is
applicable.
The grinding wheel is not limited to a cylindrical shape and can have a myriad of
options that are useful in transferring different geometries to the object being worked
on. Straight wheels can be dressed by the operator to produce custom geometries.
When surface grinding an object, one must keep in mind that the shape of the wheel
will be transferred to the material of the object like a mirror image.
Spark out is a term used when precision values are sought and literally means "until
the sparks are out (no more)". It involves passing the workpiece under the wheel,
without resetting the depth of cut, more than once and generally multiple times. This
ensures that any inconsistencies in the machine or workpiece are eliminated.

ADVANTAGE
 Multi operations are performed at one time
 Our machine is used Return stroke (whit worth) mechanism
 The return stroke of shaper machine is utilized as cutting operation
 All operation is performed by only one motor
 Size is compact therefore it require less space
 Time saving
 Less man power is required
 Low manufacturing & maintenance cost