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Differential Equations

This document discusses various types of differential equations including: - Order and degree of differential equations - Elimination of arbitrary constants - Differential equations of families of curves - Separation of variables - Equations with homogeneous coefficients - Exact equations - Examples of Newton's law of cooling and simple chemical conversion It provides examples of determining the order, degree, and solving various differential equations.

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Conan Edogawa
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460 views1 page

Differential Equations

This document discusses various types of differential equations including: - Order and degree of differential equations - Elimination of arbitrary constants - Differential equations of families of curves - Separation of variables - Equations with homogeneous coefficients - Exact equations - Examples of Newton's law of cooling and simple chemical conversion It provides examples of determining the order, degree, and solving various differential equations.

Uploaded by

Conan Edogawa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Differential Equations

ORDER AND DEGREE OF A DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION


d 2x
1. Determine the degree and order of the following differential equation: 2
 k2x  0
dt
Ans. 2nd order, 1st degree
2. Determine the degree and order of the following differential equation: (x2 + y2)dx + 2xydy = 0
Ans. 1st order, 1st degree
3. Determine the degree and order of the following differential equation: (y’’)3 + (y’)4 + 2x = 0
Ans. 2nd order, 3rd degree
4. Determine the degree and order of the following differential equation: (y’’’)2 – 2(y’)2 + y = 0
Ans. 3rd degree, 2nd order

ELIMINATION OF ARBITRARY CONSTANTS


5. Eliminate the arbitrary constant from the equation: y = c1e-2x + c2e3x
Ans. y’’ – y’ – 6 = 0
6. Eliminate the constant ‘a’ from the equation: (x-a)2 + y2 = a2
Ans. (x2 – y2)dx +2xydy = 0
7. Eliminate ‘c’ from the equation: cxy + c2x + 4 = 0
Ans. x3(y’)2 + x2yy’ + 4 = 0

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION OF A FAMILY OF CURVES


8. Determine the differential equation of the family of circles with centers along the line x=y.
Ans. (x2 + 2xy – y2) – (x2 – 2xy – y2)dy = 0
9. Determine the differential equation of the family of parabolas with vertices at the origin and
their foci on the y-axis.
Ans. xy’ -2y = 0
10. Determine the differential equation of a family of circles having their centers on the y-axis.
Ans. xy’’ – (y’)3 – y’ = 0

SEPARATION OF VARIABLES
11. Solve the initial value problem 2x(y+1)dx –ydy = 0 where x=0 and y = -2.
Ans. x2 = y – ln (y+1) + 2

EQUATIONS WITH HOMOGENEOUS COEFFICIENTS


12. Solve the equation (x2 – xy + y2)dx – xydy = 0
Ans. (y – x)ey/x = c
13. Solve the equation xydy + (x2 + y2)dy = 0
Ans. y2(2x2 + y2) = c OR y2(2x2 + y2) = c4

EXACT EQUATIONS
14. Solve the equation 3x(xy – 2)dx + (x3 + 2y)dy = 0
Ans. x3y – 3x2 + y2 = c
15. Solve the equation (2x3 – xy2 – 2y + 3)dx – (x2y + 2x)dy = 0
Ans. x4 – x2y2 – 4xy + 6x = c

NEWTON’S LAW OF COOLING (the rate of change in temperature is proportional to the temperature
difference)
16. A thermometer, which has a reading of 700F inside a house, is placed outside where the air
temperature is 100F. Three minutes later, it is found that the thermometer reading is 250F.
Determine the equation that represents the temperature reading of the thermometer at any
given time.
Ans. u = 10 + 60e(-0.46t)-

SIMPLE CHEMICAL CONVERSION (the time rate of change of the amount ‘x’ of an unconverted substance
is proportional to ‘x’)
17. Determine the amount of material that will be left after 50 days. The initial amount of material
is 1000 grams. After 30 days, the amount of material left is 750 grams.
Ans. 619.11 grams

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