New main

% 1D ADVANCED Using Isoparametric Formulation Implementation.

% (1) linear v.s. quadratic v.s. cubic element
% (2) force applied between nodes
clear
clc
% E: modulus of elasticity
% A: area of cross section
% L: length of bar
E=300e6; L = [4]; A = [8];
% numberElements: number of elements
numberElements = 1;
% nne = 2; % L element
% nne = 3; % Q element
nne = 4; % C element
[numberNodes,nodeCoordinates,elementNodes,elementLength]...
= mesh1D(2,6,numberElements,nne);
%-----------------------------------------------------------------------
% for structure:
% displacements: displacement vector
% force : force vector
% stiffness: stiffness matrix
force=zeros(numberNodes,1);
stiffness=zeros(numberNodes,numberNodes);
% applied load
% b: uniform load
b = @(x) 3.*x^2;
% impose displacements
GDof=numberNodes;
displacements=zeros(GDof,1);
% ---------------------------------------------------------------------
% computation of the system stiffness matrix for linear area
k = cell(numberElements,1);
for e=1:numberElements
% elementDof: element degrees of freedom (Dof)
xc = (nodeCoordinates(elementNodes(e,end)) + nodeCoordinates(elementNodes(e,1)))/2;
elementDof=elementNodes(e,:);
ngp=3;
[w,xi]=gauss1d(ngp);
detJacobian=L(e)/2;
invJacobian=1/detJacobian;
for n = 1:ngp
 % Gauss point substituting into ksi
x = xc + detJacobian*xi(n);
% [shape,naturalDerivatives]=shapeFunctionL2(xi(n)); % L element
% [shape,naturalDerivatives]=shapeFunctionL3(xi(n)); % Q element
% [shape,naturalDerivatives]=shapeFunctionL4(xi(n)); % C element
[shape,naturalDerivatives]=shapeFunctionLx(xi(n),nne);
B=naturalDerivatives*invJacobian;
stiffness(elementDof,elementDof)...
= stiffness(elementDof,elementDof)+ B'*E*A(e)*B*detJacobian*w(n);
force(elementDof)...
= force(elementDof) + b(x)*shape'* detJacobian *w(n);
end
ksi = (4 - xc)/detJacobian;
[shape,~]=shapeFunctionLx(ksi,nne);
force(elementDof) = force(elementDof) + shape'*8;
k{e} = stiffness(elementDof,elementDof);
end
% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
% boundary conditions and solution
% prescribed dofs
%¡@prescribedDof=[3]; % L element
% prescribedDof=[5]; % Q element
prescribedDof=[1]; % C element
% solution
displacements=solution(displacements,GDof,prescribedDof,stiffness,force);
% output displacements/reactions
outputDisplacementsReactions(displacements,stiffness, ...
numberNodes,prescribedDof,force,elementNodes,k,nne);
% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
% axial stress
fprintf('Axial stress\n');
fprintf('%9s%5s %16s\n','element','ip','axial stress');
axial_Stress_global = [];
for e=1:numberElements
% elementDof: element degrees of freedom (Dof)
elementDof=elementNodes(e,:);
detJacobian=L(e)/2;
invJacobian=1/detJacobian;
axial_stress = zeros(nne,1);
% n = [-1 1]; % L element
% n = [-1 0 1]; % Q element
% n = [-1 -1/3 1/3 1]; % C element
 n = linspace(-1,1,nne);
for i = 1:nne
% Gauss point substituting into ksi
% [~,naturalDerivatives]=shapeFunctionL2(n(i)); % L element
% [~,naturalDerivatives]=shapeFunctionL3(n(i)); % Q element
% [~,naturalDerivatives]=shapeFunctionL4(n(i)); % C element
[~,naturalDerivatives]=shapeFunctionLx(n(i),nne);
B=naturalDerivatives*invJacobian;
axial_stress(i) = E*B*displacements(elementDof);
fprintf('%6d%8d%17.4e\n',e,i,axial_stress(i));
end
axial_Stress_global = [axial_Stress_global axial_stress'];
end
% ----------------------------------------------------------------------
figure(1)
syms x
exact_disp = 112/E.*log(x/2)-(x.^3-8)/6/E-4/E.*log(x/4)*heaviside(x-4);
fplot(exact_disp,[2 6],'b-','LineWidth',1.5);
hold on
% plot displacement
physical_coor = []; % global real coordinate
disp = []; % global displacement
Natural_coor = linspace(-1,1,101); % local natural coordinate
ele_disp = zeros(1,length(Natural_coor)); % local displacement
for e = 1:numberElements
detJacobian = L(e)/2;
xc = (nodeCoordinates(elementNodes(e,end)) + nodeCoordinates(elementNodes(e,1)))/2;
for p = 1:size(Natural_coor,2)
% [shape,~] = shapeFunctionL2(Natural_coor(p)); % L element
% [shape,~] = shapeFunctionL3(Natural_coor(p)); % Q element
% [shape,~] = shapeFunctionL4(Natural_coor(p)); % C element
[shape,~]=shapeFunctionLx(Natural_coor(p),nne);
ele_disp(p) = shape*displacements(elementNodes(e,:));
end
disp = [disp ele_disp];
physical_coor = [physical_coor detJacobian*Natural_coor+xc];
end
plot(physical_coor,disp,'r--','LineWidth',1.5);
hold on
plot(nodeCoordinates(reshape(elementNodes',numel(elementNodes),1)),...
displacements(reshape(elementNodes',numel(elementNodes),1)),'ro');
legend('exact','FEM linearArea')
title('displacment')
ylabel('displacement , u')
xlabel('x')
axis([2 6 0 3e-7])
hold off
% --------------------------------------------------------------------
figure(2)
exact_stress = 112./x-x.^2/2-4./x*heaviside(x-4);
fplot(exact_stress,[2 6],'b-','LineWidth',1.5);
hold on
% ~
physical_coor = []; % global real coordinate
stress = []; % global displacement
Natural_coor = linspace(-1,1,101); % local natural coordinate
ele_stress = zeros(1,length(Natural_coor)); % local displacement
for e = 1:numberElements
detJacobian = L(e)/2;
xc = (nodeCoordinates(elementNodes(e,end)) + nodeCoordinates(elementNodes(e,1)))/2;
for p = 1:size(Natural_coor,2)
% [~,naturalDerivatives] = shapeFunctionL2(Natural_coor(p)); % L element
% [~,naturalDerivatives] = shapeFunctionL3(Natural_coor(p)); % Q element
% [~,naturalDerivatives] = shapeFunctionL4(Natural_coor(p)); % C element
[~,naturalDerivatives]=shapeFunctionLx(Natural_coor(p),nne);
ele_stress(p) =
E*naturalDerivatives*invJacobian*displacements(elementNodes(e,:));
end
stress = [stress ele_stress];
physical_coor = [physical_coor detJacobian*Natural_coor+xc];
end
plot(physical_coor,stress,'r--','LineWidth',1.5);
hold on
plot(nodeCoordinates(reshape(elementNodes',numel(elementNodes),1)),axial_Stress_global,
'ro');

legend('exact','FEM linearArea')
title('axial stress')
ylabel('axial stress , \sigma')
xlabel('x')
axis([2 6 0 60])
hold off
 shapeFunctionLx
function [shape,naturalDerivatives] = shapeFunctionLx(location,L)
syms iop
xe=linspace(-1,1,L);
shape_function = sym(zeros(size(xe)));
for index = 1 : length(shape_function)
xi = xe(index);
xj = xe(xe ~= xi);% reture which not equal xi
shape_function(1, index) = prod((iop-xj) ./ (xi-xj));
end
shape=double(subs(shape_function,iop,location));
naturalDerivatives=double...
(subs(diff(shape_function,iop),iop,location));
end
shapeFunctionLxx
function [J,shape,naturalDerivatives] = ...
shapeFunctionLxx(location,L,array)
% array = nodeCoordinates(elementDof)
syms iop
xe=linspace(-1,1,L);
shape_function = sym(zeros(size(xe)));
for index = 1 : length(shape_function)
xi = xe(index);
xj = xe(xe ~= xi);% reture which not equal xi
shape_function(1, index) = prod((iop-xj) ./ (xi-xj));
end
% J=subs(shape_function*array',iop,0);
shape=double(subs(shape_function,iop,location));
naturalDerivatives=double...
(subs(diff(shape_function,iop),iop,location));
J=subs(diff(shape_function,iop)*array',iop,0);
end