1) lim 3𝑥 = 3*(-2) = -6
𝑥→−2
2) lim 𝑥 − 3 = 5 - 3 = 2
𝑥→5
𝑥−2
3) lim = 0.5
𝑥→4 𝑥
4) lim √5𝑥 + 7 = 3.464
𝑥→1
2 𝑖𝑓 𝑥≤0
5) 𝑓(𝑥) = {1 − 𝑥 2 𝑖𝑓 𝑥>0
1+𝑥
Find
a. lim 𝑓(𝑥) =1
𝑥→0+
As x is approaching zero from the right, x will be greater than zero. Therefore, need to use the second
equation 1 + 𝑥 2
b. lim 𝑓(𝑥) = 1
𝑥→0−
As x is approaching zero from the left, x will be less than zero. Therefore, need to use the first equation
1 − 𝑥2
c. lim 𝑓(𝑥) = 1
𝑥→0
As x approaches zero, x will be equal to zero. Therefore, need to use the first equation 1 − 𝑥 2
d. 𝑓(0) = 1
F of zero means x = 0. Therefore, need to use the first equation 1 − 𝑥 2
|𝑥−1|
6) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥−1
a. lim 𝑓(𝑥) = 1
𝑥→1+
b. lim 𝑓(𝑥) = -1
𝑥→1−
c. lim 𝑓(𝑥) = DNE
𝑥→1
When the limit of the given function as x approaches 1 from the right, x is equal to 1. When the limit of
the given function as x approaches 1 from the left, x is equal to -1. Since these two are not equal to each
other, when x is approaching 1, the limit does not exit.
d. 𝑓(1) = undefined
7) A long-distance telephone service charges $0.09 per minute for calls lasting 10 minutes or more
and $0.18 per minute for calls lasting less than 10 minutes
a. Write a definition (function) of the charge F(x) for a long distance call lasting x minutes
0.09𝑥 𝑥 ≥ 10
𝑓(𝑥) = {
0.18𝑥 𝑥 < 10
b. Find the lim − 𝐹(𝑥), lim + 𝐹(𝑥), lim 𝐹(𝑥) if they exist
𝑥→10 𝑥→10 𝑥→10
𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑥→10− 𝑓(𝑥) = 1.8
𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑥→10+ 𝑓(𝑥) = 0.9
𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑥→10 f(x) = DNE
8) A company sells embroidered apparel. The volume discounts offered by the company are shown
below, where x is the volume of a purchase in dollars.
Volume ($x) Discount Amount
$300 ≤ x < $1000 3%
$1000 ≤ x < $3000 5%
$3000 ≤ x < $5000 7%
$5000 ≤ x 10%
Assume the volume discounts in Table 1 apply only to that portion of the volume in each interval. That
is, the discounted price for a $4000 purchase would be computed as follows:
300 + .97(700) + .95(2000) +.93(1000) = 3,809
a. If x is the volume of a purchase before the discount is applied, then write a piecewise definition
for the discounted price P(x) of this purchase.
𝑥 𝑖𝑓 0 < 𝑥 < 300
0.97𝑥 𝑖𝑓 300 ≤ x < 1000
𝑓(𝑥) = 0.95𝑥 𝑖𝑓 1000 ≤ x < 3000
0.93x if 3000 ≤ x < 5000
{ 0.9𝑥 𝑖𝑓 5000 ≤ x
b. Use one sided limits to investigate the limit of P(x) as x approaches $1000. What about as x
approaches $3000?
𝑙𝑖𝑚1000− = 969
𝑙𝑖𝑚1000+=950
𝑙𝑖𝑚1000 = 𝐷𝑁𝐸
𝑙𝑖𝑚3000−= 2850
𝑙𝑖𝑚3000+=2790
𝑙𝑖𝑚3000=𝐷𝑁𝐸
Find the derivatives of the following equations
9) 𝑓(𝑥) = 3 f’(x) = 0
10) 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 6
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 6𝑥 5
1
11) 𝑓(𝑥 ) =
𝑥 12
1 12
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = −12𝑥 −13 = −12 = −
𝑥 13 𝑥 13
12) 𝑓(𝑥) = 5𝑥 −2 + 9𝑥 −1
1 1 10 9 9𝑥 + 10
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = −10𝑥 −3 − 9𝑥 −2 = −10 − 9 = − − = −
𝑥3 𝑥2 𝑥3 𝑥2 𝑥3
2
13) 𝑓(𝑥 ) =
5𝑥 4
2(−4)𝑥 −5 8
𝑓′(𝑥) = =− 5
5 5𝑥
14) 𝑓(𝑥) = 10√𝑥 + 5
1 1 1 5
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 10(𝑥 + 5)2 = 10 × (𝑥 + 5)−2 =
2 √𝑥 + 5
15) The total cost of producing x bicycles is given by the cost function:
𝐶(𝑥) = 10,000 + 150𝑥 − 0.2𝑥 2
a. Find the Marginal cost function
𝐶 ′ (𝑥) = 150 − 0.4𝑥
b. Find the marginal cost at a production level of 120 tanks per week.
𝐶 ′ (120) = 150 − 0.4(120) = 102
c. Interpret the results of b
At a production level of 120 tanks per week, the marginal cost is $102.
d. Find the exact costs of producing the 121st item.
𝐶(121) = 10000 + 150(121) − 0.4(121)
= 10000 + 18150 − 48.4
= $28,101.60
𝐶(120) = 10000 + 150(120) − 0.4(120)
= 10000 + 18000 − 48
= $27,952
𝐶(121) − 𝐶(120) = 28101.60 − 27952 = $151.60
$151.60 is the exact cost to produce the 121st item
