BA 202

WORKSHEET 1

1. The following table reports the number of cars and light duty trucks sold by the eight largest
automakers in the first two months of 2010 compared to the first two months of 2009.

Year-to-date Sales
Manufacturer Through February Through February
2010 2009
General Motors Corporation 287,242.00 252,701.00
Ford Motor Company 249,514.00 185,825.00
Chysler LLC 141,592.00 146,207.00
Toyota Motor Sales USA Inc. 198,823.00 226,870.00
American Honda Motor Co. Inc. 148,150.00 142,606.00
Nissan North America Inc. 132,761.00 108,133.00
Hyundai Motor America 64,507.00 55,133.00
Mazda Motor of America Inc. 32,748.00 31,821.00
Total 1,255,337.00 1,149,296.00

a. Compare the total sales for the eight automakers. Has there been an increase or a decrease in sales
for 2010 compared to the same period in 2009?

ANSWER:

For year 2010, eight automakers have a total sales of 1,255,337.00 while 1,149,296.00 for 2009 with a
difference of 106,041.00. Therefore, the total sales of eight automakers have a slightly increased in year
2010 as compared to 2009.

Manufacturer Year-to-date Sales

Through February Through February Sales Growth
2010 2009
General Motors Corporation 287,242.00 252,701.00 34,541.00 Increase
Ford Motor Company 249,514.00 185,825.00 63,689.00 Increase
Chysler LLC 141,592.00 146,207.00 -4,615.00 Decrease
Toyota Motor Sales USA Inc. 198,823.00 226,870.00 -28,047.00 Decrease
American Honda Motor Co. Inc. 148,150.00 142,606.00 5,544.00 Increase
Nissan North America Inc. 132,761.00 108,133.00 24,628.00 Increase
Hyundai Motor America 64,507.00 55,133.00 9,374.00 Increase
Mazda Motor of America Inc. 32,748.00 31,821.00 927.00 Increase
Total 1,255,337.00 1,149,296.00 106,041.00 Increase
b. Compute the market share of each companies. Has there had been a large change in the market share
for any of the companies?

ANSWER:

Among eight companies three were able to increase its market share, 4% for Ford Motor Company, 2%
for Nissan North America Inc. and 1% for General Motors Corporation while three remains the same and
other two decrease their market share -4% for Toyota Motor Sales USA Inc. and -2% for Chysller LLC.

Ford Motor Company shows a large change in their market share increasing by 4% having 20% for 2010
coming from 16% last 2009. On the other hand, Toyota Motor Sales USA Inc. also shows a large change in
their market share decreasing by 4% having 16% for 2010 coming from 20% last 2009.

Market Share
Manufacturer Through February Through February
Growth%
2010 2009
General Motors Corporation 23% 22% 1%
Ford Motor Company 20% 16% 4%
Chysler LLC 11% 13% -2%
Toyota Motor Sales USA Inc. 16% 20% -4%
American Honda Motor Co. Inc. 12% 12% 0%
Nissan North America Inc. 11% 9% 2%
Hyundai Motor America 5% 5% 0%
Mazda Motor of America Inc. 3% 3% 0%
Total 100% 100% 1%

c. Compare the percentage increase for each of the eight companies. What significant changes are there
from 2009 to 2010 for each of the companies?

Year-to-date Sales
Manufacturer Through February Through February Sales Growth Growth %
2010 2009
General Motors Corporation 287,242.00 252,701.00 34,541.00 14%
Ford Motor Company 249,514.00 185,825.00 63,689.00 34%
Chysler LLC 141,592.00 146,207.00 -4,615.00 -3%
Toyota Motor Sales USA Inc. 198,823.00 226,870.00 -28,047.00 -12%
American Honda Motor Co. Inc. 148,150.00 142,606.00 5,544.00 4%
Nissan North America Inc. 132,761.00 108,133.00 24,628.00 23%
Hyundai Motor America 64,507.00 55,133.00 9,374.00 17%
Mazda Motor of America Inc. 32,748.00 31,821.00 927.00 3%
Total 1,255,337.00 1,149,296.00 106,041.00 9%
ANSWER:

Among the eight companies Ford Motor Company achieved the highest sales growth of 34% followed by
Nissan North America Inc. with 23%, Hyundai Motor America with 17%, General Motors Corporation with
14%, American Honda Motor Co. Inc. with 4%, Mazda Motor of America Inc. with 3%, Chysler LLC with -
3% and lastly, Toyota Motor Sales USA Inc. having the lowest growth of -12%.

Total growth form 2009-2010 is 9%

2. The following chart depicts the earnings in billions of dollars for ExonMobil for the period of 2003
until 2009. Write a brief report discussing the earnings at ExonMobil during the period. Was one
year higher than the others? Did the earnings increase, decrease, or stay the same over the
period?

Year Earnings ($billion)

2003 14.5
2004 16.7
2005 24.3
2006 26.2
2007 26.5
2008 45.2
2009 19.3
ANSWER:

Chart shows that the highest earning was achieved in year 2008 amounting 45.2 billion. It also shows that
ExonMobil have a consistent increase in their earnings from year 2003 – 2008, however in 2009 it can be
shown that earnings of ExonMobil decreases to 19.3 billion vs. last year earning.

3. A recent study of home technologies reported the number of hours of personal computer usage
per week for a sample of 60 persons. Excluded from the study were people who worked out of
their home and used the computer as part of their work.

a. Organize the data info a frequency distribution. How many classes would you suggest?
What value would you suggest for a class interval?

ANSWER:

Class
Lower Upper Frequency
Limit Limit
0.0 - 1.7 7
1.8 - 3.1 9
3.2 - 4.5 8
4.6 - 5.9 13
6.0 - 7.3 10
7.4 - 8.7 5
8.8 - 10.1 8
TOTAL 60

Class: 7 Class Interval: 1.7

 b. Draw a histogram. Interpret result.

ANSWER:

From the chart we can make the following statement:

1. The number of hours of personal computer usage per week ranged from about 0 up to about 10.1
hours.
2. The number of hours concentrated between 4.6 up to 7.3. The number of hours of 23 persons, or 38
percent, was within this range.
3. The largest frequency is in the 4.6 – 5.9 class. The midpoint of this class is 5.25. We can say that the
typical hours of personal computer usage per week is 5.25.

4. Several indicators of long-term economic growth are listed below.

Economic Indicator Percent Change Economic Indicator Percent Change

Inflation 4.5 Real GNP 2.9

Exports 4.7 Investment (Residential) 3.6
Imports 2.3 Investment (Non-Residential) 2.1
Real Disposable Income 2.9 Productivity (Total) 1.4
Consumption 2.7 Productivity (Manufacturing) 5.2

a. What is the median percent change?

ANSWER: 2.9
 Percent Change Percent Change
Lowest to Highest Highest to Lowest

1.4 5.2
2.1 4.7
2.3 4.5
2.7 3.6
2.9 2.9
- Median -
2.9 2.9
3.6 2.7
4.5 2.3
4.7 2.1
5.2 1.4

b. What is the modal percent change?

ANSWER: 2.9

5. The accounting firm of Rowatti and Koppel specializes in income tax returns for self-employed
professionals, such as physicians, dentists, architects, and lawyers. The firm employs 11
accountants who prepare the returns. For last year, the number of returns prepared by each
accountant was:

58 75 31 58 46 65 60 71 45 58 80

Find the mean, median and mode for the number of returns prepared by each accountant.

ANSWER:
Descriptive statistics

# 1
count 11
Data cumulative mean 58.82
midpoint width frequency percent sample variance 202.96
lower upper frequency percent sample standard deviation 14.25
minimum 31
30 < 40 35 10 1 9.1 1 9.1 maximum 80
range 49
40 < 50 45 10 2 18.2 3 27.3
1st quartile 52.00
50 < 60 55 10 3 27.3 6 54.5 median 58.00
3rd quartile 68.00
60 < 70 65 10 2 18.2 8 72.7 interquartile range 16.00
mode 58.00
70 < 80 75 10 2 18.2 10 90.9
low extremes 0
80 < 90 85 10 1 9.1 11 100.0 low outliers 0
high outliers 0
11 100.0 high extremes 0

Mean: 58.9 Median: 58 Mode: 58

If you could report only one, which measure of location would you recommend reporting?

ANSWER:

The best measure of location recommended for reporting is the median. The median returns is 58. In
this case the median of is more applicable to represent the measure of returns of the self employed
professionals.

6. The journal of Finance made its content available on the interest starting in July 2005. The tablet
shows the number of times a monthly version was downloaded and the number of articles that
were viewed during each month. Suppose you wish to make a frequency distribution of the
number of downloads.

312 2595 7624 6362 7760 7272

5967 6160 6709 5631 6682 7091
6871 7253 5676 6915 5689 7086
2753 6057 6624 6575 7085
5256 6238 7193 6490 7829
6230 5507 6974 4999 6143

a. How many classes would you prefer?

ANSWER: 6 Class
b. What class interval would you suggest?

ANSWER: 1,253

c. What quantity would you use for the lower limit of the initial class?

ANSWER: 312

d. Using your responses to (a), (b), and (c), create a frequency table.

Data cumulative
midpoint width frequency percent
low er upper frequency percent
312 < 1,565 939 1,253 1 3.0 1 3.0
1,565 < 2,818 2,192 1,253 2 6.1 3 9.1
2,818 < 4,071 3,445 1,253 0 0.0 3 9.1
4,071 < 5,324 4,698 1,253 2 6.1 5 15.2
5,324 < 6,577 5,951 1,253 13 39.4 18 54.5
6,577 < 7,830 7,203 1,253 15 45.5 33 100.0
 e. Identify the appearance of the frequency distribution.

ANSWER:

The frequency table shows that no number of downloads was recorded in the range of 2,818 less than
4,071 and majority of downloads is in the range of 6,577 less than 7,830 (45%) than in any other range.

7. The table shows the total trade of the Philippines by month by year (2016-2018) in million US$.

Total Trade Imports Exports

Month/Year

(1) (2) (3)

January
2016 11,081 6,825 4,225
2017 13,523 7,926 5,597
2018 13,909 8,536 5,373
February
2016 10,014 5,652 4,362
2017 11,982 6,826 5,156
2018 12,632 7,761 4,871
March
2016 11,408 6,678 4,730
2017 14,110 8,107 6,003
2018 13,726 8,129 5,597
April
2016 11,149 6,865 4,285
2017 12,728 7,141 5,587
2018 14,104 8,792 5,312
May
2016 11,896 7,068 4,828
2017 14,482 8,495 5,988
2018 15,448 9,569 5,879
June
2016 12,117 7,244 4,873
2017 12,994 7,290 5,704
2018 14,751 9,050 5,700
a. Use a software to develop a bar chart.

ANSWER:

b. What percentage of the Philippines total trade in January 2016 is represented by Imports? In January
2018?

ANSWER:

For January 2016 Imports represent 62% of the total trade of the Philippines while 61% on January 2018.
Showing that there is a 1% decrease in the percentage of imports for the year 2018.
 Total Trade Imports Exports Imports Exports
Month/Year

(1) (2) (3) % %

January
2016 11,081 6,825 4,225 62% 38%
2017 13,523 7,926 5,597 59% 41%
2018 13,909 8,536 5,373 61% 39%
February
2016 10,014 5,652 4,362 56% 44%
2017 11,982 6,826 5,156 57% 43%
2018 12,632 7,761 4,871 61% 39%
March
2016 11,408 6,678 4,730 59% 41%
2017 14,110 8,107 6,003 57% 43%
2018 13,726 8,129 5,597 59% 41%
April
2016 11,149 6,865 4,285 62% 38%
2017 12,728 7,141 5,587 56% 44%
2018 14,104 8,792 5,312 62% 38%
May
2016 11,896 7,068 4,828 59% 41%
2017 14,482 8,495 5,988 59% 41%
2018 15,448 9,569 5,879 62% 38%
June
2016 12,117 7,244 4,873 60% 40%
2017 12,994 7,290 5,704 56% 44%
2018 14,751 9,050 5,700 61% 39%
Total 232,054 137,954 94,070 59% 41%

c. What are the average monthly exports of the Philippines when presented on yearly basis?

2016 2017 2018 Average

January 4,225 5,597 5,373 5,065
February 4,362 5,156 4,871 4,796
March 4,730 6,003 5,597 5,443
April 4,285 5,587 5,312 5,061
May 4,828 5,988 5,879 5,565
June 4,873 5,704 5,700 5,426
TOTAL 13,986 17,279 16,891 16,052

Table shows the average monthly exports of the Philippines for the past three years from January – June.
May posted the highest average amount of 5,565.00 while February posted the lowest average amount
of 4,796.00.
8. The table below presents the labor force participation rate, employment rate, unemployment
rate and underemployment rate in the Philippines by region in January of 2018.

Labor Force Under-

Employment Unemployment -
Region Participation employment
Rate Rate
Rate Rate

Philippines 62.2 94.7 5.3 18.0

National Capiptal Region 60.6 92.2 7.8 7.2

Cordillera Administrative Region 62.2 96.4 3.6 14.8
I - Ilocos Region 63.3 93.3 6.7 27.9
II - Cagayan Valley 65.3 95.8 4.2 24.8
III - Central Luzon 60.7 94.6 5.4 11.5
IV-A - CALABARZON 62.9 93.3 6.7 13.1
IV-B - MIMAROPA 65.9 96.0 4.0 22.4
V - Bicol Region 62.0 96.0 4.0 33.8
VI - Western Visayas 62.0 95.1 4.9 22.9
VII - Central Visayas 63.1 94.2 5.6 24.4
VIII - Eastern Visayas 61.6 96.3 3.7 19.4
IX - Zamboanga 59.3 96.6 3.4 16.1
X - Northern Mindanao 72.0 97.0 3.0 21.0
XI - Davao Region 62.2 95.3 4.7 17.8
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 62.4 96.2 3.8 17.9
Caraga 67.1 96.0 4.0 24.7
Autonomous Region in Muslim
46.1 97.4 2.6 8.1
Mindanao

a. What is the mean regional unemployment rate? Find the mean (regional) underemployment rate?
Which region recorded the lowest underemployment rate? The highest underemployment rate?

ANSWER:

Data cumulative
midpoint width frequency percent
low er upper frequency percent
2.0 < 3.0 2.5 1.0 1 5.9 1 5.9
3.0 < 4.0 3.5 1.0 5 29.4 6 35.3
4.0 < 5.0 4.5 1.0 6 35.3 12 70.6
5.0 < 6.0 5.5 1.0 2 11.8 14 82.4
6.0 < 7.0 6.5 1.0 2 11.8 16 94.1
7.0 < 8.0 7.5 1.0 1 5.9 17 100.0

Mean regional unemployment rate: 4.6

 Data cumulative
midpoint width frequency percent
low er upper frequency percent
5.0 < 10.0 7.5 5.0 2 11.8 2 11.8
10.0 < 15.0 12.5 5.0 3 17.6 5 29.4
15.0 < 20.0 17.5 5.0 4 23.5 9 52.9
20.0 < 25.0 22.5 5.0 6 35.3 15 88.2
25.0 < 30.0 27.5 5.0 1 5.9 16 94.1
30.0 < 35.0 32.5 5.0 1 5.9 17 100.0

Mean regional underemployment rate: 19.3

Under-employment
Region
Rate

Philippines 18.0

V - Bicol Region 33.8

I - Ilocos Region 27.9
II - Cagayan Valley 24.8
Caraga 24.7
VII - Eastern Visayas 24.4
VI - Western Visayas 22.9
IV-B - MIMAROPA 22.4
X - Northern Mindanao 21.0
VIII - Eastern Visayas 19.4
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 17.9
XI - Davao Region 17.8
IX - Zamboanga 16.1
Cordillera Administrative Region 14.8
IV-A - CALABARZON 13.1
III - Central Luzon 11.5
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao 8.1
National Capiptal Region 7.2

Highest under-employment rate is from Region V – Bicol Region with a 33.8 rate.

b. What could be the possible implication of higher under-employment rate on labor productivity?

High under-employment rate will cause labor productivity issue. People will not maximized their skills and
performance since they are in a lower position. Others may also be not able to start a good career since
they were forced to accept jobs that below their skills and knowledge. Skilled workers will not be produce
causing a low quality of output and productivity. And many people will also be unemployed since their
position was occupied by overqualified employees.
9. The following frequency distribution reports the electricity cost for a sample 50 two-bedroom
apartments in Albuquerque, New Mexico during the month of May last year.

Electricity Cost Frequency

$81 to $100 3
101 to 120 8
121 to 140 12
141 to 160 16
161 to 180 7
181 to 200 4
total 50

a. Estimate the mean cost.

ANSWER: Mean = 141.7

Electricity Cost Frequency Midpoint fM (M-x ) (M-x )2 f(M-x ) 2

$81 to $100 3 90.5 271.5 -51.2 2,621.44 7,864.32
101 to 120 8 110.5 884 -31.2 973.44 7,787.52
121 to 140 12 130.5 1566 -11.2 125.44 1,505.28
141 to 160 16 150.5 2408 8.8 77.44 1,239.04
161 to 180 7 170.5 1193.5 28.8 829.44 5,806.08
181 to 200 4 190.5 762 48.8 2,381.44 9,525.76
total 50 140.5 7085 7,008.64 33,728.00

b. Estimate the standard deviation.

ANSWER: Standard Deviation = 26.236

c. Use the empirical rule to estimate the proportion of costs within two standard deviations of the mean?
What are the limits?

ANSWER: mean - 2*S

= 141.2-2*26.236
= 87.728
mean + 2*S
= 141.2+2*26.236
= 192.672
10. An auto insurance company reported the following information regarding the age of a driver and
the number of accidents reported last year. Develop a scatter diagram for the data and write a
brief summary.

ANSWER:

There is a negative linear association between the number of accidents and age of drivers. Older drivers
tend to have lesser accidents.