Chartered Membership Examination 1

Chartered Membership Examination

Friday 10 July 2015

Structural Engineering Design and Practice 5. The Examiners are looking for sound structural
designs. It should also be remembered that
09.30 – 13.00 and 13.30 – 17.00 (Discussion aesthetics, economy and function are important
between individuals is not permitted during lunch in any competent engineering scheme.
period). A period of fifteen minutes is provided for
reading the question paper, immediately before the 6. Any assumptions made and the design data and
commencement of the examination. Candidates are criteria adopted must be stated.
not permitted to write in answer sheets, or on 7. Good clear drawings and sketches are required;
drawing paper or to use a calculator during this time. they should show all salient and structural
Candidates must satisfy the Examiners in ONE features to suitable scales and should
question. incorporate adequate details.
8. Candidates will not be allowed to include any
Important previously prepared calculations, notes,
The written answer to the question selected and any sketches, diagrams, computer output or other
A3 drawings must bear the candidate’s number and similar material in their answer sheets or A3
the question number at the bottom of the page. Only drawings. Any previously prepared information
the answer sheets supplied by the Institution may submitted by candidates will be ignored by the
be used. The candidate’s name should not appear examiners.
anywhere in the script. 9. Candidates may not bring into the examination
room any electronic devices capable of wireless
Notes to Candidates communication, optical photography or
scanning.
1. TO PASS THE EXAMINATION,
CANDIDATES MUST SATISFY THE The following devices are not permitted: Mobile
EXAMINERS IN BOTH PARTS OF THE phones, Laptops, notebooks or portable
QUESTION ATTEMPTED. computers and similar devices, iPads, tablets
and similar devices, E-readers (e.g. Kindle) and
2. Examiners will only mark work written by hand similar devices, Cameras, optical scanners and
during the examination. similar devices.
3. A fair proportion of marks will be awarded for Any candidates arriving at the examination room
the demonstration of an understanding of with such devices will be asked to switch them
fundamental engineering concepts, as distinct off and place them in a sealed bag kept by the
from calculation of member forces and sizes. Invigilator for the duration of the exam, which
NOTE: In the calculation part of all questions, includes the lunch period.
establishing “form and size” is taken to mean
10. This paper is set in SI Units.
compliance with all relevant design criteria, i.e.
bending, shear, deflection, etc. Now read ‘Reminder’ on page 3.
4. In all questions 50 marks are allocated to Section
1 and 50 marks to Section 2.
2 Chartered Membership Examination
 Chartered Membership Examination 3

Chartered Membership
Examination, a reminder from
your Examiners
The work you are about to start has many features
in common with other examinations which you have
tackled successfully but it also has some which are
unusual.
As in every examination you must follow carefully the
NOTES FOR CANDIDATES set out for your guidance
on the front cover of this paper; allocate the available
time sensibly and set out your work in a logical and
clear way.
The unusual requirement of the examination is that
you demonstrate the validity of the training and
experience that you have acquired in recent years.
The Institution must be satisfied that you are able
to bring all the various skills you are expected to
possess to the effective solution of structural design
problems – whether or not the problem is presented
in terms that are within your actual experience.
Chartered Structural Engineers must have the ability
to design and a facility to communicate their design
intentions. Where you are required to list and discuss
possible structural solutions you must show by
brief, clear, logical and systematic presentation that
you understood the general structural engineering
principles involved.
In selecting and developing your design you should
also remember the guidance given in the Institution’s
report, Aims of Structural Design, and in particular:
(1) “the structure must be safe”,
(2) “a good design has certain typical features –
simplicity, unity and necessity”,
(3) “the structure must fulfil its intended function”.
If you have difficulty in deciding the correct
interpretation of a question, pay particular attention to
point 6. notes to candidates, on the front cover. The
examiners will take into account your interpretation
– and the design you base on this – if this is clearly
stated at the beginning of your answer.
4 Chartered Membership Examination
 Chartered Membership Examination 5

Question 1. New visitors centre

Client’s Requirements
1. A 20.0m diameter bottomless hole sits on an international boundary between two countries.
2. Country A wishes to build a visitors centre and a connected viewing platform for tourists.
3. The visitors centre should provide 200m2 of accommodation and the viewing platform should provide 30m2 of space.
4. There are no limitations on headroom providing the structure remains usable
5. The centre of the viewing platform should be located directly over the centre of the hole.
6. The underside of the viewing platform should be 5.0m higher than the perimeter of the hole and allow unhindered views around
three sides.
7. All structure, including foundations and temporary works, should be contained entirely within Country A.
8. The viewing platform is to contain two 2.0m2 open sections through the floor for visitors to look down through.

Imposed Loading
9. All roofs 1.50kN/m²
10. Visitors Centre Floor 4.0kN/m²
11. Viewing Platform Floor 4.0kN/m²

Site Conditions
12. The site is located in open countryside. Basic wind speed is 40m/s based on a 3 second gust; the equivalent mean hourly wind
speed is 20m/s.
13. Ground condition: 0 – depth. Dense, uniform rock, safe bearing pressure 1000kN/m2.
14. No ground water was encountered.

SECTION 1 (50 marks)

a. Prepare a design appraisal with appropriate sketches indicating two distinct and viable solutions for the
proposed structure including the foundations. Indicate clearly the functional framing, load transfer and
stability aspects of each scheme. Identify the solution you recommend, giving reasons for your choice. (40 marks)
b. After the design has been completed the client advises you that he has reached an agreement with
Country B that allows construction of the centre to be placed anywhere around the perimeter of the
bottomless hole. Write a letter to advise him of the implications of this agreement with regard to the design
of the centre. (10 marks)

SECTION 2 (50 marks)

For the solution recommended in Section 1(a)
c. Prepare sufficient design calculations to establish the form and size of all the principal structural elements
including the foundations. (20 marks)
d. Prepare general arrangement plans, sections and elevations to show the dimensions, layout and
disposition of the structural elements and critical details for estimating purposes. (20 marks)
e. Prepare a detailed method statement for the safe construction of the building and an outline construction
programme (10 marks)
6 Chartered Membership Examination
 Chartered Membership Examination 7

Question 2. New city centre office block

Client’s requirements
1. A new city centre six-storey offices block with lower basement parking: see Figure Q2. The site is bounded by a public footpath
on three sides and an access road at the rear. Main streets adjacent to the site are busy, and traffic flow is to be maintained during
construction.
2. Two stair and lift cores extend the full height of the building. The front and concourse elevations will be fully glazed with no bracing
permitted. 70% of the area of the side and rear elevations will be glazed and the remainder will be clad in stone panels.
3. Floor-to-ceiling heights in the office are to be 2.9m. A 0.55m-deep ceiling services zone is to be provided over each office floor.
The maximum height of the eaves of the building above Level 1 is 27.0m. The clear storey heights in levels -1 to -3 are to be
2.25m. The structural zone for the ground floor (level 1) is 1.5m deep and for levels -1 and -2 floors it is 0.5m deep.
4. Car-parking bays are to be a minimum of 5.0m x 2.5m with aisles 6.9m wide for vehicle circulation.
5. One internal row of columns is permitted within the office floors, with columns spaced at least 7.5m apart centre-to-centre. There
is no restriction on column locations in the car-park levels providing circulation is not impaired.

Imposed Loading
6. Roof 1.5kN/m²
Office floors 5.0kN/m²
Concourse 5.0kN/m²
Car Park 2.5kN/m²
Loadings exclude allowances for floor finishes, ceilings and services.

Site Conditions
7. The site is in a city centre location. Basic wind speed is 51m/s based on a 3-second gust; the equivalent mean hourly wind
speed is 25.5m/s.
8. Ground Conditions
0 – 1m Made ground
1.5 – 25m Stiff clay C = 150kN/m²
Below 25m Sandstone, safe bearing pressure 2,500kN/m²
Some ground water was encountered at 4.0m below ground level but seepage rates were low.

Omit from consideration

9. Detailed design of staircases, lifts within cores, and car park access ramps.

SECTION 1 (50 marks)

a. Prepare a design appraisal with appropriate sketches indicating two distinct and viable solutions for the
proposed structure. Indicate clearly the fundamental framing, load transfer and stability aspects of each
scheme. Identify the solution you recommend, giving reasons for your choice. (40 marks)
b. After completion of the design and before construction has started, the client advises that only one half of
the building footprint is to be constructed as an initial phase. Write a letter to the client explaining the
feasibility and impact of this proposal. (10 marks)

SECTION 2 (50 marks)

For the solution recommended in Section 1(a):
c. Prepare sufficient design calculations to establish the form and size of all the principal structural elements
including the foundations. (20 marks)
d. Prepare general arrangement plans, sections and elevations to show the dimensions, layout and disposition
of the structural elements and critical details for estimating purposes. (20 marks)
e. Prepare a detailed method statement for the safe construction of the building and an outline construction
programme. (10 marks)
8 Chartered Membership Examination
 Chartered Membership Examination 9

Question 3. High levelroad bridge

Client’s requirements
1. A high level road bridge over a navigable canal, a busy railway and a motorway, to provide access between a precast concrete
manufacturing factory and the motorway; see Figure Q3.
2. The site is near to an international airport. No part of the permanent structure may exceed 30.0m height above datum level. The
road surface must not be higher than 9.0m above datum level. The approach roads at each abutment are at 8.5m above datum
level.
3. Traffic may be halted on all three transport routes for one weekend each month between 11pm Saturday and 4am Monday.
A 72-hour possession of all routes may be obtained once every 6 months.

Imposed loading
4. Live load on bridge deck 10.0kN/m2

Site conditions
5. The site is located near open sea. Basic wind speed is 56.0m/s based on a 3-second gust; the equivalent mean hourly wind
speed is 28.0m/s.
6. Ground Conditions
0 – 10m Stiff clay, c = 200kN/m2
Below 10.0m Sandstone, characteristic compressive strength 1,000kN/m2

Omit from consideration

7. Longitudinal imposed loading. Design of the abutments.

SECTION 1 (50 marks)

a. Prepare a design appraisal with appropriate sketches indicating two distinct and viable solutions for the
proposed structure. Indicate clearly the functional framing, load transfer and stability aspects of each scheme.
Identify the solution you recommend, giving reasons for your choice. (40 marks)
b. After the completion of your design, the canal operator advises that owing to a change of use of the canal
the deck of the bridge needs to accommodate an impact load of 3,000kN. Write a letter to the client to
outline the changes required to the structure to accommodate this loading. (10 marks)

SECTION 2 (50 marks)

For the solution recommended in Section 1(a):
c. Prepare sufficient design calculations to establish the form and size of all the principal structural elements
including the foundations. (20 marks)
d. Prepare general arrangement plans, sections and elevations to show the dimensions, layout and disposition
of the structural elements and critical details for estimating purposes. (20 marks)
e. Prepare a detailed method statement for the safe construction of the works and an outline construction
programme (10 marks)
10 Chartered Membership Examination
 Chartered Membership Examination 11

Question 4. Below ground pumping chamber

Client’s requirements
1. A buried pumping chamber is required for a large development. The site for the chamber is a level square plot 40.0m by 40.0m.
2. The chamber is to have a minimum volume of 1500m3 and is required to be buried so that the upper surface of the chamber shall
be 0.5m below ground level. The underside of the base of the chamber may not be deeper than 9.0m below ground level.
3. Once constructed, the only access to the chamber will be through a 2m x 2m hatch in the centre of the top of the chamber.
This shall extend through the 0.5m soil cover above the chamber.
4. No internal columns are permitted inside the chamber.
5. No ground water ingress is acceptable into the chamber.
6. A minimum fire rating of 1 hour is required throughout.

Imposed Loading
7. Roof of chamber 10kN/m² together with a point load of 100kN

Site Conditions
8. The site is in open countryside. Basic wind speed is 46m/s based on a 3-second gust; the equivalent mean hourly wind speed
is 23m/s.
9. 0 – 0.5m Topsoil
0.5m – 7.0m Sand, N = 10
7.0m – 20.0m Gravel, N = 20
Below 20.0m Rock, safe bearing pressure 500kN/m²
Ground water was encountered at 3.5m below ground level.

Omit from consideration

10. Detailed design for hatch and cover.

SECTION 1 (50 marks)

a. Prepare a design appraisal with appropriate sketches indicating two distinct and viable solutions for the
proposed structure. Indicate clearly the functional framing, load transfer and stability aspects of each
scheme. Identify the solution you recommend, giving reasons for your choice. (40 marks)
b. After completion of the design and before construction has started, further site information is received which
confirms that the ground water level can rise to 1.0m below ground level. Write a letter to the Client advising
her of the implications on the design. (10 marks)

SECTION 2 (50 marks)

For the solution recommended in Section 1(a):
c. Prepare sufficient design calculations to establish the form and size of all the principal structural elements
including the foundations. (20 marks)
d. Prepare general arrangement plans, sections and elevations to show the dimensions, layout and disposition
of the structural elements and critical details for estimating purposes. (20 marks)
e. Prepare a detailed method statement for the safe construction of the chamber and an outline construction
programme. (10 marks)
12 Chartered Membership Examination
 Chartered Membership Examination 13

Question 5. Fire fighter training building

Client’s Requirements
1. Construction of a building to train fire fighters; see Figure Q5.
2. The building comprises 3 levels that will be filled with smoke and achieve temperatures up to 200 deg C. At Level 3 is a rapid rise
door that is used for emergency evacuation of smoke. Over Level 3 there is to be a lifting beam that projects 3m from the building
face. The beam is to have a safe working load capacity of 5.0kN.
3. The minimum clear floor-to-ceiling height shall be 2.7m on each level.
4. A minimum of 2 hours fire resistance is required.
5. At Level 1 is a 5.0m long x 3.0m wide x 3.0m deep water filled pit which must be capable of being pumped out for maintenance
6. The site lies within a flood plain that regularly floods to a depth 300mm above the Level 1 slab

Omit from Design

7. Stairs

Imposed Loading
8. All floors 2.5kN/m2
Roof 0.8kN/m2

Site Conditions
9. The site is situated in open countryside. Basic wind speed is 46m/s based on a 3 second gust; the equivalent mean hourly wind
speed is 23 m/s.
10. Ground conditions below ground level which is approximately level
Ground level to 1.8m Soft Clay with a High organic content
1.8 -3.0m Firm Clay, C = 70kN/m2
3.0m-6.0m Stiff clay, C = 110kN/M2
Below 6.0m Sandstone, safe bearing pressure 800kN/m²
Ground Water is not normally present but the site periodically floods

SECTION 1 (50 marks)

a. Prepare a design appraisal with appropriate sketches indicating two distinct and viable solutions for the
proposed structure including the foundations. Indicate clearly the functional framing, load transfer and stability
aspects of each scheme. Identify the solution you recommend, giving reasons for your choice. (40 marks)
b. After you have completed your design the client asks you to investigate the feasibility of installing a water tank
on Level 2, 1.5 m deep with a plan dimension of 6mx6m. Write a letter to your client explaining the implications
of this potential change. (10 marks)

SECTION 2 (50 marks)

For the solution recommended in Section 1(a)
c. Prepare sufficient design calculations to establish the form and size of all the principal structural elements
including the foundations. (20 marks)
d. Prepare general arrangement plans, sections and elevations to show the dimensions, layout and disposition
of the structural elements and critical details for estimating purposes. (20 marks)
e. Prepare a detailed method statement for the safe construction of the works and an outline programme. (10 marks)
14 Chartered Membership Examination
 Chartered Membership Examination 15

Question 6. Glazed entrance to civic building

Client’s requirements
1. A new civic building is to have a free-standing entrance with a glazed roof: See Figure Q6
2. The glazing comprises cavity glass units 30.5 mm thick, weighing 0.30 kN/m2. All glass elements have a maximum size of 1.5m
by 2.0 m. The glass units and panes may be supported by partial or complete framing or be point fixed. Mounting must be
arranged so that any glass unit can be independently removed for maintenance.
3. The support system for the glass must present minimum interruption to light and should enhance the visual aspect of the roof.
The support system must be entirely on the inside face of the glass, and is restricted to the structure zone indicated in Figure Q6.
4. The roof is to be supported around its perimeter on columns with foundations. The minimum spacing of adjacent columns is to
be 10.0m. No internal columns are permitted but a 10.0m-wide zone is available outside each long side of the structure in which
external bracing may be installed.

Imposed loading
5. Imposed load on roof: 0.6 kN/m2, which applies up to a slope of 30O from the horizontal. This can be reduced pro-rata down to
zero at a slope of 60O or more.
6. A maintenance point load of 0.5 kN applied normal to the glass anywhere on the glazed area.
7. Collision loading on any column: 5kN unfactored load applied horizontally at 1.5m above ground level in any direction

Site conditions
8. The site is located on the edge of a town, close to the open country. Basic wind speed is 46 m/s based on a 3 second gust; the
equivalent mean hourly wind speed is 23 m/s.
9. Ground Conditions:
Ground level – 5.0m Very loose fill, N = 4
Below 5.0m Sand, N = 20

Omit from consideration

10. Detailed design of the glass units and panes.

SECTION 1 (50 marks)

a. Prepare a design appraisal with appropriate sketches indicating two distinct and viable solutions for the
proposed structure. Indicate clearly the functional framing, load transfer and stability aspects of each scheme.
Identify the solution you recommend, giving reasons for your choice. (40 marks)
b. After your design is complete, the client informs you that the collision load on columns has been increased
to 50kN. Write a letter to your client advising of the implications of this change. (10 marks)

SECTION 2 (50 marks)

For the solution recommended in Section 1(a):
c. Prepare sufficient design calculations to establish the form and size of all the principal structural elements
including the foundations. (20 marks)
d. Prepare general arrangement plans, sections and elevations to show the dimensions, layout and
disposition of the structural elements and critical details for estimating purposes, including details of support
to the glass units. (20 marks)
e. Prepare a detailed method statement for the safe construction of the structure and an outline construction
programme. (10 marks)
16 Chartered Membership Examination
 Chartered Membership Examination 17

Question 7. Flare structure

Client’s Requirements
1. A flare structure, consisting of a 80m bridge and a vertical support tower, is required to carry a main flare line from an existing
platform to a new flare stack; see Figure Q7
2. The bridge is to support a flare stack weighing 50kN. (5 tonnes). The main gas pipe is 600 mm diameter x 25 mm wall thickness.
A 100 mm diameter water pipe and a 50 mm diameter pilot pipe are also required. All pipes run the full length of the bridge.
Walkway access is required to the flare stack.
3. The connection of the bridge to the existing platform is to allow for horizontal and vertical rotation of plus or minus 10 degrees.

Site Conditions
4. Basic wind speed is 50 m/sec based on a 3-second gust; the equivalent mean hourly windspeed is 25m/s.
5. Extreme ice thickness is 50 mm, ice density 900 kg/m3
6. Wave loading profile is shown in Figure Q7.
7. Ground conditions. Dense fine sand. Ø = 35 degrees. δ =30 degrees. Nq = 45

Omit from consideration

8. Dynamic and fatigue checks.
9. Access requirements.

SECTION 1 (50 marks)

a. Prepare a design appraisal with appropriate sketches indicating two distinct and viable solutions for the
proposed flare structure including the foundations. Indicate clearly the functional framing, load transfer and
stability aspects of each scheme. Identify the solution you recommend giving reasons for your choice. (40 marks)
b. Having received your recommended design, your client proposes that the tower structure be designed to
resist ship impact forces of 0.5 MJ (operational) and 4.0 MJ (accidental). I MJ =100 tonne.m.
Write a brief illustrated design note to your client explaining the structural implications this would have on
your design. (10 marks)

SECTION 2 (50 marks)

For the solution recommended in Section 1(a):
c. Prepare sufficient design calculations to establish the form and size of all principal structural elements taking
into account both temporary and permanent conditions. (20 marks)
d. Prepare general arrangement plans, elevations and sections to show the dimensions, layout and disposition
of the structural elements, as required for estimating purposes.
Prepare detailed, annotated sketches to illustrate the following connections for a designer to produce detailed
CAD drawings
• Bridge to platform connection
• Bridge to tower connection (20 marks)
e. Prepare a detailed method statement for the safe transport and installation of the flare structure at the
field location. (10 marks)
18 Chartered Membership Examination
Chartered Membership Examination 19
The Institution of Structural Engineers
International HQ
47-58 Bastwick Street
London, EC1V 3PS
United Kingdom
tel: +44 (0)20 7235 4535
[email protected]
www.istructe.org
Registered Charity