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15 Frame Example PDF

This document provides an example of applying finite element analysis to find the unknown deformations at nodes 1 and 2 of a frame structure. It involves discretizing the structure into elements, determining the stiffness matrix for each element, assembling the overall stiffness matrix, and solving the resulting system of equations. The solution yields deformations of 0.081 m, -0.032 m, and 0.03 radians at node 1, and 0.081 m, -0.0002 m, and -0.027 radians at node 2.

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tian zhong
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173 views12 pages

15 Frame Example PDF

This document provides an example of applying finite element analysis to find the unknown deformations at nodes 1 and 2 of a frame structure. It involves discretizing the structure into elements, determining the stiffness matrix for each element, assembling the overall stiffness matrix, and solving the resulting system of equations. The solution yields deformations of 0.081 m, -0.032 m, and 0.03 radians at node 1, and 0.081 m, -0.0002 m, and -0.027 radians at node 2.

Uploaded by

tian zhong
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Finite Element Analysis

Frame Equations
Example
by
Dr. Gul Ahmed Jokhio
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Earth Resources
[email protected]
Lesson Outcomes

• At the end of this lesson, the student should


be able to:
– Apply the element equations for beam-columns to
a frame example
– Evaluate the unknown deformations of a frame
structure using Finite Element Analysis
Example Frame Structure

• Find the unknown


deformations at
nodes 1 and 2 for
the frame
• Use:
• 𝐸 = 200𝐺𝑃𝑎
• 𝐴 = 0.0112𝑚2
• 𝐼 = 2.39 × 10−5 𝑚2
Discretization

• The structure is discretized into 3 nodes and 2


elements
• Element 1 is connected to nodes 1 and 2 and
element 2 is connected to nodes 2 and 3
• Node 1 has a 60kN load acting downwards
• Node 3 is fixed
• Length of element 1 is 3m and that of element
2 is 6m
Stiffness Matrix for Element 1

• 𝜃 = 0, 𝐶 = 1, 𝑆 = 0
𝐸 2×1011
• = = 6.67 × 1010
𝐿 3
12𝐼 12×2.39×10−5
• 2 = = 3.19 × 10−5
𝐿 32
6𝐼
• = 4.78 × 10−5
𝐿
−5
• 4𝐼 = 9.56 × 10
• 2𝐼 = 4.78 × 10−5
Stiffness Matrix for Element 1 (Continued)

• 𝑘 = 6.67 ×
0.0112 0 0 −0.0112 0 0
−5
0 3.19 × 10 4.78 × 10−5 0 −3.19 × 10 −5
4.78 × 10−5
1010 0 4.78 × 10−5 9.56 × 10−5 0 −4.78 × 10−5 4.78 × 10−5
−0.0112 0 0 0.0112 0 0
−5
0 −3.19 × 10 4.78 × 10−5 0 3.19 × 10−5
4.78 × 10−5
0 −4.78 × 10−5 4.78 × 10−5 0 4.78 × 10−5 9.56 × 10−5
Stiffness Matrix for Element 2

• 𝜃 = 270, 𝐶 = 0, 𝑆 = −1
𝐸 2×1011
• = = 3.33 × 1010
𝐿 6
12𝐼 12×2.39×10−5
• 2 = = 7.97 × 10−6
𝐿 62
6𝐼
• = 2.39 × 10−5
𝐿
−5
• 4𝐼 = 9.56 × 10
• 2𝐼 = 4.78 × 10−5
Stiffness Matrix for Element 2 (Continued)

• 𝑘 = 3.33 ×
7.97 × 10−6 0 2.39 × 10−5 −7.97 × 10−6 0 2.39 × 10−5
0 0.0112 0 0 −0.0112 0
−5 −5 −5 −5
10 10 2.39 × 10 0 9.56 × 10 −2.39 × 10 0 4.78 × 10
−7.97 × 10−6 0 2.39 × 10−5 7.97 × 10−6 0 2.39 × 10−5
0 −0.0112 0 0 0.0112 0
−5 −5 −5
−2.39 × 10 0 4.78 × 10 2.39 × 10 0 9.56 × 10−5
• Since node 3 is fixed, we only need the first part of this matrix for assembly

7.97 × 10−6 0 2.39 × 10−5


• 𝑘 = 3.33 × 1010 0 0.0112 0
2.39 × 10−5 0 9.56 × 10−5
Assembly of Stiffness Matrix (Including
Boundary Conditions)
• 𝑘 = 6.67 ×
0.0112 0 0 −0.0112 0 0
−5
0 3.19 × 10 4.78 × 10−5 0 −3.19 × 10 −5
4.78 × 10−5
0 4.78 × 10−5 9.56 × 10−5 0 −4.78 × 10−5 4.78 × 10−5
1010
−0.0112 0 0 0.0112 0 1.2 × 10−5
−5
0 −3.19 × 10 4.78 × 10−5 0 0.0112 4.78 × 10−5
0 −4.78 × 10−5 4.78 × 10−5 1.2 × 10−5 4.78 × 10−5 1.43 × 10−4
System of Equations
• The system of Equations is given as:

𝑓1𝑥 𝑢1
𝑓1𝑦 𝑣1
𝑚1 𝑚1
• = 𝐾 𝑢2
𝑓2𝑥
𝑓2𝑦 𝑣2
𝑚2 𝑚2

0
−60000
• 0 = 6.67 ×
0
0
0
0.0112 0 0 −0.0112 0 0 𝑢1
−5
0 3.19 × 10 4.78 × 10−5 0 −3.19 × 10−5 4.78 × 10−5 𝑣1
0 4.78 × 10−5 9.56 × 10−5 0 −4.78 × 10−5 4.78 × 10−5 𝜙1
1010 𝑢2
−0.0112 0 0 0.0112 0 1.2 × 10−5
0 −3.19 × 10 −5
4.78 × 10−5 0 0.0112 4.78 × 10−5 𝑣2
−5
0 −4.78 × 10 4.78 × 10−5 1.2 × 10 −5
4.78 × 10−5 1.43 × 10−4 𝜙2
Solution

• After Solution of the system of equations, we get:

𝑢1 0.081
𝑣1 −0.032
𝜙1 0.03
• 𝑢 =
2 0.081
𝑣2 −0.0002
𝜙2 −0.027
• The translations deformations are in meters and
the rotational deformations are in radians
Author Information

Dr. Gul Ahmed Jokhio


is a Senior Lecturer at FKASA, UMP. He completed his PhD from
Imperial College London in 2012.

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