Dynamics of Engineering Systems ENG432: Tutorial 3
Dynamics of Engineering Systems ENG432: Tutorial 3
Dynamics of Engineering Systems ENG432
Tutorial 3
Source: (c) Mechanical Vibration, Palm 2007
4.2 The equation of motion of a certain mass‐spring damper system is
5 10
Suppose that . Define the magnitude ratio as M=X/F. Determine the natural
frequency ωn, the peak frequency ωp, and the peak magnitude ratio Mp for (a) ζ=0.1 and (b)
ζ=0.3.
1
3/14/2018
4.4 Determine the beat period and the vibration period of mass‐spring system whose natural
frequency is 500 rad/s and whose forcing frequency is 503 rad/s.
4.15 A quarter‐car representation of a certain car has a stiffness k=4×104 N/m, which is the series
combination of the tire stiffness, and a dumping constant of c = 4000 N∙s/m. The car mass is 1500
kg. Suppose the road profile is given (in meters) by
0.015
Where the amplitude of vibration of the road surface is 0.015 m and the frequency ω depends on
the vehicle’s speed and the road profile’s period. Suppose the period of the road surface is 10 m.
Compute steady‐station motion amplitude and the force transmitted to the chassis if the car is
traveling at speeds of 13 and 26 m/s.
2
3/14/2018
4.16 A certain factory contains a heavy rotating machine that causes the factory floor to vibrate.
We want to operate another piece of equipment nearby, and we measure the amplitude of the
floor’s motion at that point to be 0.01m. The mass of the equipment is 1500 kg and its support has
a stiffness of k=20 000 N/m and damping ratio of ζ = 0.04. Calculate the maximum force that will
be transmitted to the equipment at resonance.
4.17 Figure shows a system being driven by base excitation trough a damping element. Assume
that the base displacement is sinusoidal: .
a) Derive the expression for X, the steady‐state amplitude of motion of the mass m.
b) Derive the expression for Ft, the steady‐state amplitude of the force transmitted to the
support.
3
3/14/2018
4.19 An electronics module used to control a large crane must be isolated from the crane’s motion.
The module has a mass of 1 kg.
a) Design an isolator so that no more than 10% of the crane’s motion amplitude is transmitted to
the module. The crane’s vibration frequency is 3000 rpm.
b) What percentage of the crane’s motion will be transmitted to the module if the crane’s
frequency can be anywhere between 2500 and 3500 rpm?
4
3/14/2018
4.23 When a certain motor is started, it is noticed that its supporting frame begins to resonate
when the motor speeds passes trough 900 rpm. At the operating speed of 1750 rpm, the support
oscillates with an amplitude of 8 mm. Determine the amplitude that would result at 1750 rpm if
the support were replaced with one having one‐half of the stiffness.
5
3/14/2018
4.27 A computer disk drive is mounted to the computer’s chassis with an isolator consisting of an
elastic pad. The disk drive motor weights 3 kg and runs at 3000 rpm. Calculate the pas stiffness
required to provide a 90 % reduction in the force transmitted from the motor to the chassis.
4.28 A figure shows a motor mounted on four springs (the second pair of springs is behind the
front pair and is not visible). Each spring has a stiffness k=2000 N/m. The inertia of the motor is
I=0.2 kgm2; its mass is m=25 kg, and its speed is 1750 rpm. Because the motor mounts allow
the motor to vibrate both vertically and rotationally, the system has a vertical force
transmissibility Ft/F and a torque transmissibility Tt/T, where F is the vertical unbalance force
and T is the torque due to the unbalance. Neglect dumping in the system and compute the
vertical force transmissibility Ft/F and the torque transmissibility.
6
3/14/2018
4.30 The following data were compiled by driving machine on its support with a rotating
unbalance force with various frequencies. The machine’s mass is 100 kg, but the stiffness and
dumping in the support are unknown. The frequency of the driving force is f in Hz. The measured
steady‐state displacement of the machine is X mm.
a) Estimate the stiffness and dumping in the support.
b) Estimate what percentage of the rotating unbalance force is transmitted to the foundation at 6
Hz.
f (Hz) X(mm) f (Hz) X(mm)
0.2 1 3.8 13
1 2 4 11
2 4 5 8
2.6 12 6 7
2.8 18 7 6
3 25 8 6
3.4 18 9 6
3.6 15 10 5
Solve problems 4.2, 4.8 and 4.9. Try to solve them in Matlab, also.
7
3/14/2018