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    Types of Computer Network Topologies

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    Aamna humayun
    This document discusses the different types of computer network topologies, including bus, ring, star, mesh, tree, and hybrid topologies. For each topology, the key features, advantages, and disadvantages are outlined. Bus topology connects all devices to a single cable. Ring topology forms a closed loop with devices connected sequentially. Star topology has all devices connecting to a central hub. Mesh topology uses point-to-point connections between all devices. Tree topology is hierarchical with devices branching off a root node. Hybrid topology combines two or more standard topologies.

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    Types of Computer Network Topologies

    Uploaded by

    Aamna humayun
    470 views9 pages
    This document discusses the different types of computer network topologies, including bus, ring, star, mesh, tree, and hybrid topologies. For each topology, the key features, advantages, and disadvantages are outlined. Bus topology connects all devices to a single cable. Ring topology forms a closed loop with devices connected sequentially. Star topology has all devices connecting to a central hub. Mesh topology uses point-to-point connections between all devices. Tree topology is hierarchical with devices branching off a root node. Hybrid topology combines two or more standard topologies.

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    This document discusses the different types of computer network topologies, including bus, ring, star, mesh, tree, and hybrid topologies. For each topology, the key features, advantages, and disadvantages are outlined. Bus topology connects all devices to a single cable. Ring topology forms a closed loop with devices connected sequentially. Star topology has all devices connecting to a central hub. Mesh topology uses point-to-point connections between all devices. Tree topology is hierarchical with devices branching off a root node. Hybrid topology combines two or more standard topologies.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    470 views9 pages

    Types of Computer Network Topologies

    Uploaded by

    Aamna humayun
    This document discusses the different types of computer network topologies, including bus, ring, star, mesh, tree, and hybrid topologies. For each topology, the key features, advantages, and disadvantages are outlined. Bus topology connects all devices to a single cable. Ring topology forms a closed loop with devices connected sequentially. Star topology has all devices connecting to a central hub. Mesh topology uses point-to-point connections between all devices. Tree topology is hierarchical with devices branching off a root node. Hybrid topology combines two or more standard topologies.

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    of 9

    Types of Computer Network

    Topologies
    Submitted to:
    Mr Rizwan Shabbir
    Submitted by:
    Muhammad Imran

    BS 1st Semester
    Session 2018-2022
    Department of English Language and Literature

    University of the Punjab, Lahore


    Pakistan
    Types
     Bus Topology
     Ring Topology
     Star Topology
     Mesh Topology
     Tree Topology
     Hybrid Topology

    BUS Topology
    Bus topology is a network type in which every computer and network device
    is connected to single cable. When it has exactly two endpoints, then it is
    called Linear Bus topology.

    Features of Bus Topology


     It transmits data only in one direction
     Every device is connected to a single cable
    Advantages of Bus Topology
     It is cost effective
     Cable required is least compared to other network topology
     Used in small networks.
     It is easy to understand.
     Easy to expand joining two cables together.
    Disadvantages of Bus Topology
     Cables fails then whole network fails.
     If network traffic is heavy or nodes are more the performance of the
    network decreases.
     Cable has a limited length.
     It is slower than the ring topology

    RING Topology
    It is called ring topology because it forms a ring as each computer is
    connected to another computer, with the last one connected to the first.

    Features of Ring Topology


     A number of repeaters are used for Ring topology with large number
    of nodes, because if someone wants to send some data to the last
    node in the ring topology with 100 nodes, then the data will have to
    pass through 99 nodes to reach the 100th node. Hence to prevent
    data loss repeaters are used in the network.
     The transmission is unidirectional, but it can be made bidirectional by
    having 2 connections between each Network Node, it is called Dual
    Ring Topology.
     In Dual Ring Topology, two ring networks are formed, and data flow is
    in opposite direction in them. Also, if one ring fails, the second ring
    can act as a backup, to keep the network up.
     Data is transferred in a sequential manner that is bit by bit. Data
    transmitted, has to pass through each node of the network, till the
    destination node.
    Advantages of Ring Topology
     Transmitting network is not affected by high traffic or by adding more
    nodes, as only the nodes having tokens can transmit data.
     Cheap to install and expand
    Disadvantages of Ring Topology
     Troubleshooting is difficult in ring topology.
     Adding or deleting the computers disturbs the network activity.
     Failure of one computer disturbs the whole network.

    STAR Topology
    In this type of topology all the computers are connected to a single hub
    through a cable. This hub is the central node and all others nodes are
    connected to the central node.
    Features of Star Topology
     Every node has its own dedicated connection to the hub.
     Hub acts as a repeater for data flow.
     Can be used with twisted pair, Optical Fiber or coaxial cable.
    Advantages of Star Topology
     Fast performance with few nodes and low network traffic.
     Hub can be upgraded easily.
     Easy to troubleshoot.
     Easy to setup and modify.
     Only that node is affected which has failed, rest of the nodes can
    work smoothly.
    Disadvantages of Star Topology
     Cost of installation is high.
     Expensive to use.
     If the hub fails then the whole network is stopped because all the
    nodes depend on the hub.
     Performance is based on the hub that is it depends on its capacity

    MESH Topology
    It is a point-to-point connection to other nodes or devices. All the network
    nodes are connected to each other.
    There are two techniques to transmit data over the Mesh topology, they are
    1) Routing
    2) Flooding

    MESH Topology: Routing


    In routing, the nodes have a routing logic, as per the network requirements.
    Like routing logic to direct the data to reach the destination using the
    shortest distance. Or, routing logic which has information about the broken
    links, and it avoids those node etc. We can even have routing logic, to re-
    configure the failed nodes.
    MESH Topology: Flooding
    In flooding, the same data is transmitted to all the network nodes, hence no
    routing logic is required. The network is robust, and the its very unlikely to
    lose the data. But it leads to unwanted load over the network.

    Types of Mesh Topology

    1. Partial Mesh Topology : In this topology some of the systems are


    connected in the same fashion as mesh topology but some devices are
    only connected to two or three devices.
    2. Full Mesh Topology : Each and every nodes or devices are connected
    to each other.

    Features of Mesh Topology


     Fully connected.
     Robust.
     Not flexible.
    Advantages of Mesh Topology
     Each connection can carry its own data load.
     It is robust.
     Fault is diagnosed easily.
     Provides security and privacy.
    Disadvantages of Mesh Topology
     Installation and configuration is difficult.
     Cabling cost is more.
     Bulk wiring is require

    TREE Topology
    It has a root node and all other nodes are connected to it forming a
    hierarchy. It is also called hierarchical topology. It should at least have
    three levels to the hierarchy.

    Features of Tree Topology


     Ideal if workstations are located in groups.
     Used in Wide Area Network.
    Advantages of Tree Topology
     Extension of bus and star topologies.
     Expansion of nodes is possible and easy.
     Easily managed and maintained.
     Error detection is easily done.
    Disadvantages of Tree Topology
     Heavily cabled
     Costly.
     If more nodes are added maintenance is difficult.
     Central hub fails, network fails.

    HYBRID Topology
    It is two different types of topologies which is a mixture of two or more
    topologies. For example if in an office in one department ring topology is
    used and in another star topology is used, connecting these topologies will
    result in Hybrid Topology (ring topology and star topology).

    Features of Hybrid Topology


     It is a combination of two or topologies
     Inherits the advantages and disadvantages of the topologies included

    Advantages of Hybrid Topolog


     Reliable as Error detecting and trouble shooting is easy.
     Effective.
     Scalable as size can be increased easily.
     Flexible.
    Disadvantages of Hybrid Topology
     Complex in design.
     Costly.

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