Integrated Approach For Flood Modeling Using Arc GIS, HEC-GeoRAS - A Case Study On Purna River of Navsari District of Gujarat State
Integrated Approach For Flood Modeling Using Arc GIS, HEC-GeoRAS - A Case Study On Purna River of Navsari District of Gujarat State
Integrated Approach For Flood Modeling Using Arc GIS, HEC-GeoRAS - A Case Study On Purna River of Navsari District of Gujarat State
Abstract
This research work indicates the advancement of flood modeling using Arc GIS and HEC GeoRAS software in the field of water
resources engineering and flood management. The methodology is applied to Purna River, Navsari district, Gujarat, India. In this
research, we have used satellite, topographic, contour map, hydraulic and hydrologic data for flood modeling. In this paper first
part of the methodology followed by preprocessing data involved to develop DEM (Digital Elevation Model) using contour data,
Georeferencing, and Shapefile in Arc GIS software. After that, these all geometry data are imported into HEC RAS through HEC
GeoRAS interface in ArcGIS environment. This research demonstrates the flood mapping approach for disaster authorities by
modeling using past data required in HEC-RAS. This methodology is also used to develop flood risk map in Arc GIS environment
for the study area. From this research, we can conclude that with GIS technology combine with the computed model the flood
mitigation is very beneficial for disaster management after mapping the extent of the flood.
Keyword- Arc GIS, HEC-RAS, HEC GeoRAS, Flood, D. E. M, G.I.S, R. S
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
I. INTRODUCTION
Flood and its impact on the communities.
A flood can be characterized as any near measure of high water stream that overtops the non-characteristic or regular banks in any
part of a waterway or stream. At the point when a bank is overtopped, the water dinners over the flood plain zone and for the most
part turns into a risk to individuals and society. Generally, flood is likely the most expansive, rehashing, calamitous and frequent
exposure of the world. Our India is a standout amongst the most detectably terrible flood impacted nations on the planet, being
second on the planet after Bangladesh and records for 1/fifth of in general passing incorporate on account of flood India. Flood is
a natural disaster cause damage to people and lives surrounding region. Hazarikad and Samarakoond (2010) present that Gin-
Ganga river and Kalu-Ganga river, Sri Lanka locate the ocean between Gulf of Mannar and Bay of Bengal, these rives are
experiencing two monsoon season due to high wind flow on the river. A surrounding region having a good land pattern for crop
and agriculture use, Sri Lanka Disaster management authorities are working to mitigate the flooding event. Dhruvesh and Mrugen
(2010) demonstrate that Surat is fast growing city of India and it is located near River Tapi, He develops the Remote sensing (RS)
and Geographical Information system (GIS) because of Surat city of India is situated near River Tapi, a watershed water enter in
to city with minimum time period due to high rainfall during monsoon season results in flooding, its damages losses of lives and
valuable properties. They use Geography techniques to mitigate the flood because water is entering into Surat city during high
rainfall during monsoon. Zerger and Wealands (2004) explain that cyclone, industrialization, urbanization are the main factor to
responsible for flood and it is lead to damage to valuable properties surrounding the region in North Australia. Lee and Choi (2003)
demonstrate that the central part of Korea is highly vulnerable to flood due to typhoons and high rainfall cause dame loss of lives.
Disaster authorities of Korea develop a flood mitigation plan to minimize the flood. Debasis and Bipul (2012) examine that the
wetland is also a major factor for the occurrence of flooding, the Remote sensing (RS) and Geographical Information system (GIS)
technology are using for natural drainage in the wetland.
Chinchi in Maharashtra. The length of the river from its starting point to discharge in the Arabian Sea is about 180 km. The main
branches of the Purna River are Dhodarnala, Barnala, Nagihparnala, Zankari River, Girna River, and Dumas khadi. The catchment
area of the Purna basin is 2431 km2. The basin lies between 720º 45’ to 740 º 00’ East zone longitudes and 200º 41’ to 210º 05’
North zone latitude and Basin map of Purna are shown in (Figure 2).
IV. METHODOLOGY
The methodology consists of data collection and data required for River flood modeling. Based on Hydraulic and hydrologic data
use in Arc GIS and HEC-RAS environment a conceptual model develops as in (Figure 3)
A. Arc-GIS software
ArcGIS is a geographical information system (GIS) for working with maps and geographic information. It is used for creating and
using maps, compiling geographic data, analyzing mapped information, sharing and discovering geographic information, using
maps and geographic information in a range of applications, and managing geographic information in a database.
B. HEC-GeoRAS
HECGEO-RAS is a set of procedures, tools, and utilities for processing geospatial data in ARC-GIS using a graphical interface.
The interface allows the preparation of geometric data for import into HEC-RAS and processes simulation results exported from
HEC-RAS
1) Georeferencing: is the process of assigning spatial coordinates to data that is spatial in nature.
2) Shapefile: format is a popular geospatial vector data format for geographic information system (GIS) software.
3) Mosaic: Mosaic is useful when two or more adjacent raster datasets need to be merged into one entity.
Geometry information must be characterized in Arc GIS condition. At long last, This Arc GIS information is exported to HEC-
RAS for flood modeling. Results got from ArcGIS and in HEC-RAS are as in (Figure 5, Figure 6, and Figure 7).
Figure 5. Georeference shapefile of Navsari district and Purna River, Gujarat, India
VI. CONCLUSION
The examination contemplates shows the utility of Arc GIS and HEC-RAS combined utilized for flood modeling. Future extension
lies to measure the flood at each cross section by applying hydraulic, hydrologic data and boundary condition in HEC-RAS
environment for the study area. More Besides, we can propose the development bank close to the stream of the study area to
disaster authorities and to create floodplain map, flood hazard map for Navsari district under varying scenarios.
REFERENCES
[1] Brivio PA, Colombo R, Maggi M, et al (2002) Integration of remote sensing data and GIS for accurate mapping of flooded
areas. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 23 (3), 429-441.
[2] Daxikar A, Hillier T, Makarem F, et al (2008) Application of GIS technology in coastal flood hazard mitigation. Solutions to
Coastal Disasters Congress 2008. April 13-16, 2008, Turtle Bay, Oahu, Hawaii, United States (pp. 396-
409).https://doi.org/10.1061/40968(312) 36.
[3] Debasis D, Bipul T (2012) Hydro-Geomorphological Analysis of a Water Logged Area of South Tripura District Using RS
and GIS Technology, World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2012, May 20-24, 2012, Albuquerque, New
Mexico, United States, https://ascelibrary.org/doi/10.1061/9780784412312.388
[4] Hazarikad MK, Samarakoond L (2010) Application of remote sensing and GIS for flood risk analysis: A case study at Kalu-
Ganga River, Sri Lanka. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Science,
38(Pt 8), 110-115.
[5] Islam MM, Sado, K (2000) Development of flood hazard maps of Bangladesh using NOAA-AVHRR images with GIS.
Hydrological Sciences Journal, 45(3), 337-355.
[6] Jha AK, Bloch, R, Lamond, J et al (2012) Cities and flooding: a guide to integrated urban flood risk management for the 21st
century. The World Bank.
[7] Lee S, and Choi U (2003) Development of GIS-based geological hazard information system and its application for landslide
analysis in Korea. Geosciences Journal, 7(3), 243-252.
[8] Merwade V, Cook A, Coonrod J (2008). GIS techniques for creating river terrain models for hydrodynamic modeling and
flood inundation mapping. Environmental Modelling & Software, 23(10-11), 1300-1311.
[9] Patel DP, Dholakia MB (2010) Feasible structural and non-structural measures to minimize the effect of flood in lower Tapi
basin. WSEAS Trans Fluid Mech, 3, 104-121.
[10] Pradhan B (2010) Flood susceptible mapping and risk area delineation using logistic regression, GIS and remote sensing.
Journal of Spatial Hydrology, 9(2).
[11] Roy SK, Sarker SC (2016) Integration of Remote Sensing Data and GIS Tools for Accurate Mapping of Flooded Area of
Kurigram, Bangladesh. Journal of Geographic Information System, 8(02), 184.
[12] Sahoo SN, Sreeja P (2015) Development of Flood Inundation Maps and quantification of flood risk in an Urban catchment of
Brahmaputra River. ASCE-ASME Journal of Risk and Uncertainty in Engineering Systems, Part A: Civil Engineering, 3(1),
A4015001.
[13] Smith LC (1997) Satellite remote sensing of river inundation area, stage, and discharge: A review. Hydrological processes,
11(10), 1427-1439.
[14] Zerger A, Wealands S (2004) Beyond modelling: linking models with GIS for flood risk management. Natural Hazards, 33(2),
191-208.