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Aim: To Learn About Basic Networking Concepts

Networking concepts allow for remote computer measurement and control by connecting computers over a network. Basic networking concepts include IP addresses, which translate domain names into numeric identifiers, and network types like wide area networks (WANs) that span cities and countries and local area networks (LANs) within buildings. When accessing a website, the domain name is translated to an IP address by a domain name server and routers deliver the request to the correct server, which returns the requested file.

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Nooruddin Nooru
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48 views3 pages

Aim: To Learn About Basic Networking Concepts

Networking concepts allow for remote computer measurement and control by connecting computers over a network. Basic networking concepts include IP addresses, which translate domain names into numeric identifiers, and network types like wide area networks (WANs) that span cities and countries and local area networks (LANs) within buildings. When accessing a website, the domain name is translated to an IP address by a domain name server and routers deliver the request to the correct server, which returns the requested file.

Uploaded by

Nooruddin Nooru
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TASK 5

Networking concepts
Aim: To learn about basic networking concepts
Introduction

 At this point you should know how to do computer controlled


measurements.
 However, the computer you use is probably connected to a network, and
that connection allows for some interesting possibilities.
 In particular, you can take measurements and do control remotely.
 However, there are a few topics you should be conversant with before you
try that.
Why learn about Basic Network Concepts?

 Using computer measurement and control across a network allows for


possibilities of operation in remote or otherwise inaccessible locations, and
it allows for measurement and control of multiple locations from a single
location.
 To take advantage of those possibilities, you need to have a basic
familiarity with networked computers.
 You need to learn about basic concepts of network addressing and how to
determine addresses.

Some Basic Network Concepts

 Let's start with what happens when you "go to" www.SomeCompany.com to
get information about their products.
 Actually, you don't go anywhere, but you do send some information across
the network.
 The information you send does the following.

 First, the URL (www.SomeCompany.com) gets sent over the network to a special
computer - a name server - that translates this URL into an address of the
form below. This form (all numbers) is the numeric IP address.
o www.xxx.yyy.zzz
o Find out your IP address by clicking here.
 Next, computers on the network (routers, etc.) try to send the message along
so that it will get to the right computer - i.e. the one that has the IP address
you are sending to. (Routers route messages along the network, that's why
they are called routers.
 When the message gets to the correct computer - the server, wherever in the
world it might be - the server sends the file - often written in HTML - back to
your computer - the client.

Domain Name Servers


 When you send a request for a web page to a URL
(www.SomeCompany.com, for example) that information gets translated into an
IP address (www.xxx.yyy.zzz) by a Domain Name Server (DNS). The DNS
system has a vast database that contains all of the URL-IP pairs. It changes
constantly, and it is probably the most highly accessed database on the planet

Types of Networks
 There are two principle kinds of networks: Wide Area Networks (WANs) and
Local Area Networks (LANs).
 WANs -Cover cities, countries, and continents. -Based on packet switching
technology
 Examples of WAN technology: Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM),
Integrated Services
 Digital Network (ISDN) LANs -Cover buildings or a set of closely related
buildings.
 Examples of LAN technology: Ethernet, Token Ring, and Fibber Distributed
Data Interconnect (FDDI).
 Ethernet LANs: based on a bus topology and broadcast communication Token
ring LANs: based on ring topology FDDI LANs: use optical fibbers and an
improved token ring mechanism based on two rings flowing in opposite
directions.

Conclusion: Thus we have learnt the basic networking concepts.

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