The document discusses magnetic transducers and Hall effect sensors. It provides details on the construction of magnetic transducers, which contain a coil wound around a permanent core such that variations in the magnetic field induce a voltage in the coil. Hall effect sensors measure magnetic field strength and are used for applications like speed detection and current sensing. Advantages of magnetic transducers include not requiring contact or couplant, being able to perform dry inspections, and being less sensitive to surface conditions.
The document discusses magnetic transducers and Hall effect sensors. It provides details on the construction of magnetic transducers, which contain a coil wound around a permanent core such that variations in the magnetic field induce a voltage in the coil. Hall effect sensors measure magnetic field strength and are used for applications like speed detection and current sensing. Advantages of magnetic transducers include not requiring contact or couplant, being able to perform dry inspections, and being less sensitive to surface conditions.
The document discusses magnetic transducers and Hall effect sensors. It provides details on the construction of magnetic transducers, which contain a coil wound around a permanent core such that variations in the magnetic field induce a voltage in the coil. Hall effect sensors measure magnetic field strength and are used for applications like speed detection and current sensing. Advantages of magnetic transducers include not requiring contact or couplant, being able to perform dry inspections, and being less sensitive to surface conditions.
The document discusses magnetic transducers and Hall effect sensors. It provides details on the construction of magnetic transducers, which contain a coil wound around a permanent core such that variations in the magnetic field induce a voltage in the coil. Hall effect sensors measure magnetic field strength and are used for applications like speed detection and current sensing. Advantages of magnetic transducers include not requiring contact or couplant, being able to perform dry inspections, and being less sensitive to surface conditions.
A device for transforming mechanical into electrical energy, which consists
of a magnetic field including a variable-reluctance path and a coil surrounding all or a part of this path, so that variation in reluctance leads to a variation in the magnetic flux through the coil and a corresponding induced emf (electromotive force).
Construction of a magnetic transducer
Electromagnetic transducer contains of a coil is wound direct on a
permanent core as shown in the figure. When a plate of iron or ferromagnetic material is moved with respect to the magnet, the flux field expands or collapse and a voltage is induced in the coil.
Magnetic sensors detect changes and disturbances in a magnetic field like
flux, strength and direction. Other types of detection sensors work with characteristics like temperature, pressure, light. From established knowledge about the existing magnetic field and the data collected from sensors regarding changes and alterations, many things can be known. Rotation, angles, direction, presence and electrical current can all be monitored. Magnetic sensors are divided into two groups, those that measure the complete magnetic field and those that measure vector components of the field. The vector components are the individual points of the magnetic field. The techniques used to create these sensors involve various combinations of physics and electronics.
Hall effect Sensor
A Hall effect sensor is a device that is used to measure the magnitude of a
magnetic field. Its output voltage is directly proportional to the magnetic field strength through it. Hall effect sensors are used for proximity sensing, positioning, speed detection, and current sensing applications. Frequently, a Hall sensor is combined with threshold detection so that it acts as and is called a switch. Commonly seen in industrial applications such as the pictured pneumatic cylinder, they are also used in consumer equipment; for example some computer printers use them to detect missing paper and open covers. They can also be used in computer keyboards, an application that requires ultra-high reliability. Hall sensors are commonly used to time the speed of wheels and shafts, such as for internal combustion engine ignition timing, tachometers and anti-lock braking systems. They are used in brushless DC electric motors to detect the position of the permanent magnet. In the pictured wheel with two equally spaced magnets, the voltage from the sensor will peak twice for each revolution. This arrangement is commonly used to regulate the speed of disk drives. Advantages
1. No couplant is needed. Based on the transduction mechanism of
EMT, couplant is not required. This makes EMT ideal for inspections at temperatures below the freezing point and above the evaporation point of liquid couplants. It also makes it convenient for situations where couplant handling would be impractical. 2. EMAT is a non-contact method. Although proximity is preferred, a physical contact between the transducer and the specimen under test is not required. 3. Dry Inspection. Since no couplant is needed, the EMT inspection can be performed in a dry environment. 4. Less sensitive to surface condition. With contact-based piezoelectric transducers, the test surface has to be machined smoothly to ensure coupling. Using EMT, the requirements to surface smoothness are less stringent; the only requirement is to remove loose scale and the like.
