Stage 6 Harmonization

Official December 1, 2016 Sodium 1

. Blank solution: Prepare a mixture of 10 mL of Buffer

and 100 mL of water. Extract this mixture as described
Sodium Chloride for Sample solution, and dilute the combined extracts
with chloroform to volume.
Add the following: Instrumental conditions
(See Fluorescence Spectroscopy 〈853〉.)
Mode: Fluorescence
■ Portions of this monograph that are national USP text, and
.

Excitation wavelength: 392 nm

are not part of the harmonized text, are marked with Emission wavelength: 518 nm
symbols (◆◆) to specify this fact.■2S (USP38)
.

Analysis
NaCl 58.44 Samples: Sample solution, Standard solution, and Blank
Sodium Chloride [7647-14-5]. solution. Use the Blank solution to set the instrument
to zero.
DEFINITION Determine the fluorescence intensities of the Sample
Sodium Chloride contains NLT 99.0% and NMT 100.5% of solution and Standard solution.
sodium chloride (NaCl), calculated on the dried basis. Acceptance criteria: The fluorescence of the Sample
solution does not exceed that of the Standard solution
IDENTIFICATION (0.2 ppm).
• A. IDENTIFICATION TESTS—GENERAL 〈191〉, Sodium: Meets
the requirements
• B. CHLORIDE Change to read:
Sample solution: 3 mg of Sodium Chloride in 2 mL of
water • ■◆
. .

■2S (USP38) ARSENIC 〈211〉, Method I: NMT 1 ppm■.

Analysis: Acidify the Sample solution with diluted nitric ◆■2S (USP38)

acid, and add 0.4 mL of silver nitrate TS. Shake, and

allow to stand. A curdled, white precipitate is formed. Change to read:
Centrifuge, wash the precipitate with three 1-mL por-
tions of water, and discard the washings. Carry out this • BARIUM
operation rapidly in subdued light, disregarding the Analysis: To 5 mL of the solution prepared for the test
fact that the supernatant may not become perfectly for Appearance of Solution add 2 mL of 2 N sulfuric acid
clear. Suspend the precipitate in 2 mL of water, and and 5 mL of water, ■as test solution.■2S (USP38) To an-
add 1.5 mL of 10 N ammonium hydroxide.
.

other 5 mL of the solution prepared for the test for

Acceptance criteria: The precipitate dissolves easily Appearance of Solution add 7 mL of water, ■as reference
with the possible exception of a few large particles,
.

solution. Let stand for 2 h.■2S (USP38)

which dissolve more slowly. Acceptance criteria: ■Any opalescence in the test solu-
.

ASSAY tion is not more intense than that in the reference so-
• PROCEDURE lution.■2S (USP38)
Sample: 50 mg of Sodium Chloride
Analysis: Dissolve the Sample in 50 mL of water, and Change to read:
titrate with 0.1 N silver nitrate VS (see Titrimetry 〈541〉),
determining the endpoint potentiometrically. Each mL • FERROCYANIDES
of 0.1 N silver nitrate is equivalent to 5.844 mg of so- Sample solution: Dissolve 2.0 g in 6 mL of water.
dium chloride (NaCl). Analysis: To the Sample solution add 0.5 mL of a mix-
Acceptance criteria: 99.0%–100.5% on the dried basis ture of 5 mL of ferric ammonium sulfate solution
(10 mg/mL in ■2.5 g/L (0.05 N) of■2S (USP38) sulfuric
IMPURITIES
.

acid) and 95 mL of ferrous sulfate solution (10 mg/mL

• ALUMINUM (where it is labeled as intended for use in the in water).
manufacture of peritoneal dialysis solutions, hemodialysis Acceptance criteria: No blue color develops in 10
solutions, or hemofiltration solutions) min.
Buffer: Dissolve 50 g of ammonium acetate in 150 mL • IODIDES
of water, adjust with glacial acetic acid to a pH of 6.0, Sample: 5 g of Sodium Chloride
and dilute with water to 250 mL. Analysis: Moisten the Sample by the dropwise addition
Aluminum standard solution: To 352 mg of alumi- of a freshly prepared mixture of 0.15 mL of sodium
num potassium sulfate in a 100-mL volumetric flask nitrite solution (100 mg/mL), 2 mL of 1 N sulfuric acid,
add a few mL of water, and swirl to dissolve. Add 25 mL of iodide-free starch TS, and 25 mL of water.
20 mL of diluted sulfuric acid, dilute with water to vol- After 5 min, examine the substance in natural light.
ume, and mix. Immediately before use, transfer 1.0 mL Acceptance criteria: No blue color is observed.
of this solution to a 100-mL volumetric flask, and dilute • IRON
with water to volume. Sample solution: Use a 10-mL portion of the solution
Sample solution: Dissolve 20.0 g of Sodium Chloride prepared for the test for Appearance of Solution.
in 100 mL of water, and add 10 mL of Buffer. Extract Standard solution: Immediately before use, dilute
this solution with successive portions of 20, 20, and Standard Iron Solution (see Iron 〈241〉) 1 to 10 with
10 mL of a 0.5% solution of 8-hydroxyquinoline in water. This solution contains the equivalent of 1 µg/mL
chloroform, combining the chloroform extracts in a of iron. Combine 4 mL of this solution and 6 mL of
50-mL volumetric flask. Dilute the combined extracts water.
with chloroform to volume. Analysis: To each of the solutions add 2 mL of a
Standard solution: Prepare a mixture of 2.0 mL of Alu- 200-mg/mL solution of citric acid and 0.1 mL of thio-
minum standard solution, 10.0 mL of Buffer, and 98 mL glycolic acid. Mix, make alkaline with stronger ammo-
of water. Extract this mixture as described for the Sam- nia water, and dilute with water to 20 mL.
ple solution, and dilute the combined extracts with
chloroform to volume.

2015 The United States Pharmacopeial Convention All Rights Reserved.

 Stage 6 Harmonization
2 Sodium Official December 1, 2016

Acceptance criteria: After 5 min, any pink color in the contains the equivalent of 600 µg/mL of potassium. Di-
Sample solution is not more intense than that from the lute as required to obtain NLT 3 solutions at concentra-
Standard solution (NMT 2 ppm). tions that span the expected value in the Sample
solution.
Sample solution: Transfer 1.00 g of Sodium Chloride
Change to read: to a 100-mL volumetric flask. Add water and swirl to
dissolve, dilute with water to volume, and mix.
• LIMIT OF BROMIDES Instrumental conditions
[NOTE—Prepare the Sample solution and the Standard so- (See Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy 〈852〉.)
lution concomitantly.] Mode: Atomic absorption spectrophotometry
Standard solution: To 5.0 mL of a solution containing Analytical wavelength: 766.5 nm
3 µg/mL of potassium bromide add 2.0 mL of pH Flame: Air–acetylene
4.7 phenol red TS and 1.0 mL of chloramine T solution Analysis
(0.1 mg/mL), and mix immediately. After 2 min, add Samples: Standard solutions and Sample solution
0.15 mL of 0.1 N sodium thiosulfate, mix, and dilute Measure, at least three times, the emission intensity of
with water to 10.0 mL. the Sample solution and the Standard solutions. Pre-
Sample solution: To 0.5 mL of the solution prepared pare a calibration curve from the mean of the read-
for the test for Appearance of Solution add 4.0 mL of ings obtained with the Standard solutions, and deter-
water, 2.0 mL of pH 4.7 phenol red TS, and 1.0 mL of mine the concentration of potassium in the Sample
chloramine T solution (0.1 mg/mL), and mix immedi- solution.
ately. After 2 min, add 0.15 mL of 0.1 N sodium thio- Acceptance criteria: NMT 500 ppm
sulfate, mix, and dilute with water to 10.0 mL.
Instrumental conditions
(See Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy 〈857〉.) Change to read:
Mode: ■UV-Vis■2S (USP38)
.

Analytical wavelength: 590 nm • MAGNESIUM AND ALKALINE-EARTH METALS

Comparison liquid: Water Buffer: Prepare pH 10.0 ammonia–ammonium chloride
Analysis buffer by dissolving 5.4 g of ammonium chloride in
Samples: Standard solution and Sample solution 20 mL of water, adding 20 mL of ammonium hydrox-
Acceptance criteria: The absorbance of the Sample so- ide, and diluting with water to 100 mL.
lution is not greater than that of the Standard solution Analysis: To 200 mL of water add 0.1 g of hydroxyla-
(NMT 100 ppm). mine hydrochloride, 10 mL of Buffer, 1 mL of 0.1 M
zinc sulfate, and ■0.15■2S (USP38) g of eriochrome black T
.

trituration. Heat to 40°. Titrate this solution with 0.01

Change to read: M edetate disodium VS until the violet color changes
to deep blue. To this solution add 10.0 g of Sodium
• LIMIT OF PHOSPHATES Chloride dissolved in 100 mL of water. If the color
Sulfomolybdic acid solution: Dissolve with heating changes to violet, titrate the solution with 0.01 M ede-
2.5 g of ammonium molybdate in 20 mL of water. Di- tate disodium VS to a deep blue endpoint.
lute 28 mL of sulfuric acid in 50 mL of water, then Acceptance criteria: The volume of 0.01 M edetate
cool. Mix the two solutions, and dilute with water to disodium consumed in the second titration does not
100 mL. exceed 2.5 mL (NMT 100 ppm, calculated as Ca).
Phosphate standard stock solution: 0.716 mg/mL of • NITRITES
monobasic potassium phosphate in water Sample solution: To 10 mL of the solution prepared in
Phosphate standard solution: 7.16 µg/mL from Phos- the test for Appearance of Solution add 10 mL of water.
phate standard stock solution in water. [NOTE—Prepare Instrumental conditions
this solution fresh.] (See Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy 〈857〉.)
Standard solution: Dilute 2 mL of the Phosphate stan- Mode: UV-Vis
dard solution with water to 100 mL. Analytical wavelength: 354 nm
Sample solution: Dilute 2 mL of the solution prepared Cell: 1 cm
in the test for Appearance of Solution with water to Analysis
100 mL. Sample: Sample solution
Analysis: To the Standard solution and the Sample solu- Acceptance criteria: Absorbance is NMT 0.01.
tion •add 4 mL of Sulfomolybdic acid solution,• (ERR 1-Jun-
.

2015) and add 0.1 mL of a mixture of 1 mL of stronger

acid stannous chloride TS and 10 mL of 2 N hydrochlo- Change to read:
ric acid. After 10 min, compare the colors of 20 mL of
each solution. • SULFATE
Acceptance criteria: Any color in the Sample solution is ■[NOTE—All solutions used for this test must be pre-
.

not more intense than that in the Standard solution pared with distilled water.]■2S (USP38)
(NMT 25 ppm). ■Sulfate standard solution A: To 181 mg of potassium
.

• LIMIT OF POTASSIUM (where it is labeled as intended for sulfate in a 100-mL volumetric flask add a few mL of
use in the manufacture of injectable dosage forms, peri- 30% alcohol. Swirl to dissolve, dilute with 30% alcohol
toneal dialysis solutions, hemodialysis solutions, or to volume, and mix. Immediately before use, transfer
hemofiltration solutions) 10.0 mL of this solution to a 1000-mL volumetric flask,
[NOTE—The Standard solution and the Sample solution and dilute with 30% alcohol to volume (10 µg/mL of
may be modified, if necessary, to obtain solutions of sulfate).
suitable concentrations adaptable to the linear or work- Sulfate standard solution B: To 181 mg of potassium
ing range of the instrument.] sulfate in a 100-mL volumetric flask add a few mL of
Standard solutions: Dissolve 1.144 g of potassium water. Swirl to dissolve, dilute with water to volume,
chloride, previously dried at 105° for 3 h, in water. and mix. Immediately before use, transfer 10.0 mL of
Dilute with water to 1000 mL, and mix. This solution

2015 The United States Pharmacopeial Convention All Rights Reserved.

Stage 6 Harmonization
Official December 1, 2016 Sodium 3

this solution to a 1000-mL volumetric flask, and dilute the relevant dosage form monograph(s) in which Sodium
with water to volume (10 µg/mL of sulfate). Chloride is used can be met. Where the label states that
Sodium chloride solution: 50 mg/mL of Sodium Chlo- Sodium Chloride must be subjected to further processing
ride in water during the preparation of injectable dosage forms, the
Barium chloride solution: 250 mg/mL of barium chlo- level of bacterial endotoxins is such that the requirement
ride in water under the relevant dosage form monograph(s) in which
Standard solution: To 1.5 mL of Sulfate standard solu- Sodium Chloride is used can be met.■◆■2S (USP38)
.

tion A add 1 mL of Barium chloride solution. Shake, and

allow to stand for 1 min. To 2.5 mL of the resulting
suspension add 15 mL of Sulfate standard solution B Change to read:
and 0.5 mL of 5 N acetic acid, and mix.
Sample solution: To 1.5 mL of Sulfate standard solution • ■◆
.

■2S (USP38)STERILITY TESTS 〈71〉: Where the label states

.

A add 1 mL of Barium chloride solution. Shake, and al- that Sodium Chloride is sterile, it meets the requirements
low to stand for 1 min. To 2.5 mL of the resulting sus- for Sterility under the relevant dosage form monograph(s)
pension add 15 mL of Sodium chloride solution and in which Sodium Chloride is used.■◆■2S (USP38)
.

0.5 mL of 5 N acetic acid, and mix.■2S (USP39) ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS

Acceptance criteria: Any ■opalescence■2S (USP38) pro-
.

duced in the Sample solution after 5 min standing is

NMT that produced in the Standard solution Change to read:
(200 ppm).
• ■◆
.

■2S (USP38)PACKAGING AND STORAGE: Preserve in well-

.

Delete the following: closed containers.■◆■2S (USP38)

.

•• HEAVY METALS 〈231〉, Method I: NMT 5 ppm• (Official 1-Jan-

.

Change to read:
2018)
• ■◆
■2S (USP38)LABELING: Where Sodium Chloride is intended
SPECIFIC TESTS
. .

for use in the manufacture of injectable dosage forms,

peritoneal dialysis solutions, hemodialysis solutions, or
Change to read: hemofiltration solutions, it is so labeled. Where Sodium
Chloride must be subjected to further processing during
• ■2S (USP38)APPEARANCE OF SOLUTION: Dissolve 20.0 g of
■◆ the preparation of injectable dosage forms to ensure ac-
ceptable levels of bacterial endotoxins, it is so labeled.
. .

Sodium Chloride in carbon dioxide-free water, and dilute

with the same solvent to 100.0 mL. This solution is clear Where Sodium Chloride is sterile, it is so labeled.■
.

and colorless.■◆■2S (USP38)

.
◆■2S (USP38)

• ACIDITY OR ALKALINITY
Analysis: To 20 mL of the solution prepared for the Add the following:
test for Appearance of Solution add 0.1 mL of
bromothymol blue TS. ■ • USP REFERENCE STANDARDS 〈11〉
Acceptance criteria: NMT 0.5 mL of 0.01 N hydro-
.

USP Endotoxin RS
chloric acid or 0.01 N sodium hydroxide is required to ■2S (USP38)
change the color of this solution.
• LOSS ON DRYING 〈731〉
Sample: 1.000 g
Analysis: Dry the Sample in an oven at 105° for 2 h.
Acceptance criteria: NMT 0.5%

Change to read:

• ■◆
.

■2S (USP38)BACTERIAL ENDOTOXINS TEST 〈85〉: The level of

.

bacterial endotoxins is such that the requirement under

2015 The United States Pharmacopeial Convention All Rights Reserved.