Olivia Calestya (03031381419141)

Evan Orlando ()
Joni Prasanto ()

Tugas Pengpros Problem Bab 4

1°
4.1. 𝑋(𝑡) = 𝑋𝑠 + (𝑚) 𝑡, 𝑡 > 0

𝑋(𝑡) − 𝑋𝑠 = 𝑡
𝑋(𝑡) = 𝑋(𝑡) − 𝑋𝑠 = 𝑡
Y(s) = G(s).X(s)
1 1 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶
𝑌(𝑠) = = + +
1 + 𝜏𝑠 𝑠 2 1 + 𝜏𝑠 𝑠 𝑠 2
A = 𝜏 2 B = −𝜏 C =1
𝜏2 𝜏 1
𝑌(𝑠) = − + 2
1 + 𝜏𝑠 𝑠 𝑠
𝑌(𝑡) = 𝜏𝑒 −𝑡/𝜏 − 𝜏 + 𝑡
a. Perbendaan temperatur antara temperatur data dan temperatur kamar mandi pada t =
0,1 min = X(0,1) = X(0,1); Y(0,1)
= 0,1 – (0,2e-0,1/0,2 – 0,2+0,1) ketika T = 0,2 = 0,0787 °C
b. T = 1,0 min
X(1) – Y(1) = 1-(0,2e-1/0 2 – 0,2+1)
= 0,1986
c. Deviation (D) = -Y(t) + X(t)
= -𝜏e-t/T + T = 𝜏 (-e-t/T + 1)
Nilai maksimum dD/dT = 𝜏 (-e-t/T + (-1/T) = 0
-e-t/T = 0
D = 𝜏 (-e-t/T + (-1/T) = 𝜏 = 0,2 °C

(𝑝𝐴𝐿)𝐶𝑝
4.2. T = mCp/hA = ℎ (𝐴+ 𝜋𝐷𝐿)

ℎ𝐷
Nud = = 𝐶𝑅𝑒𝑚 (Pr)𝑛
𝐾

1 −2 3
𝐷𝑣𝜌 (8 ∗ 2,54 ∗ 10 )(10 ∗ 0,3048)10
𝑅𝑒𝑑 = = = 9677,4
𝜇 10−3
𝐶𝑝 𝜇
Pr = = 4,2 𝐾𝐽/𝐾𝑔𝐾
𝐾
 Untuk Re = 967704; C = 0,26; m = 0,6
NuD = hD/K = 0,193 (9677,4)(6,774x10-3) = 130
h = 25380

𝑇1 𝑠+1
4.3. 𝑌(𝑠) = 𝑇2 𝑠+1

X(s)= unit step function = 1 X(s) + 1/s

𝑇1 𝑠 + 1 𝐴 𝐵
𝑌(𝑠) = = +
𝑠(𝑇2 𝑠 + 1) 𝑠 𝑖𝑇2 𝑠
A = 1; B= T1-T2
1 𝑇1 + 𝑇2
𝑌(𝑠) = +
𝑠 𝑇2 𝑠 + 1
𝑇1 − 𝑇2 −𝑡/𝑇
𝑌(𝑡) = 1 + 𝑒 2
𝑇2
Jika T1/T2 = s maka
Y(t) = 1+4𝑒 −𝑡/𝑇2
Biarkan t/T2 = x maka Y(t) = 1+4e-x
lim 𝑌(𝑇) = lim 𝑠𝑌(𝑠)
𝑇→0 𝑠→∞

1
𝑇1 𝑠 + 1 𝑇1 + 𝑠 𝑇1
lim = lim = =5
𝑠→∞ 𝑇2 𝑠 + 1 1
𝑇2 + 𝑠 𝑇2
𝑠→∞

𝑇1 𝑠 + 1
lim 𝑌(𝑇) = lim 𝑠𝑌(𝑠) = lim =1
𝑇→0 𝑠→∞ 𝑠→∞ 𝑇2 𝑠 + 1

𝑌(𝑠) 1
4.4. = 𝑠+1 (𝜏 = 1 min)
𝑋(𝑠)

1 𝑒 −𝑠
(s) =10[𝑠 − ]
𝑠

1 − 𝑒 −𝑠
𝑌(𝑠) = 10[ ]
𝑠
1 −𝑒 −𝑠
𝑌(𝑠) = 10[ ]
𝑠(𝑠 + 1) 𝑠(𝑠 + 1)
Y(t) = 10(1-𝑒 −1 )𝑡 < 1
Y(t) = 10((1-𝑒 −1 )-(1-e-(t-1)))t≥1
 Pada t= 0,5; T= 103,93
Pada t= 2; T= 102,325

4.5. Jika termometer pada kamar mandi 110°F dalam 10 sec,

T= 110-10e-t/60
0<t<10 sec dan T = 60 sec
T(t= 10 sec) = 101,535
T=100+1,535e-(t-10)/60 t>10 sec
T(t=30 sec) = 101,099 °F
T(t=120 sec) = 100,245 °F

4.6.
Time (sec) Temperature (°F)
0 75
1 107
2,5 140
5 205
8 224
10 282
15 328
30 385
𝑡
𝜏=
325
ln(400 − 𝑇)
0
𝜏= 325 =0
ln( )
400−75

1
𝜏= = 9,647
325
ln(400 − 107)

2,5
𝜏= = 11,2
325
ln(400 − 140)

5
𝜏= = 9,788
325
ln( )
400 − 205
8
𝜏= = 10,9
325
ln(400 − 224)
 10
𝜏= = 9,87
325
ln(400 − 282)

15
𝜏= = 9,95
325
ln(400 − 328)

30
𝜏= = 9,75
325
ln ( )
400 − 385
Nilai rata-rata = 0 + 9,647 + 11,2 + 9,788 + 10,9 + 9,87 + 9,95 + 9,75
= 10,16

1
1 𝐴𝜔 ( )
𝜏
4.7. 𝑌(𝑠) = (𝑠) =
𝜏𝑠+1 𝑠2 +𝜔 2 𝑠+1
𝜏

𝐴𝛼𝜔𝜏 −𝑡/𝜏 𝐴
𝑌(𝑡) = 𝑒 + sin(𝜔𝑡 + ∅)
𝜏 2𝜔2 + 1 √𝜏 2 𝜔 2 + 1
Dimana ∅ = 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 (𝜔𝜏)
Misal 𝑡 → ∞
𝐴 𝜋
𝑌(𝑡)|𝑠 = sin (𝜔𝑡 − ( − ∅))
√𝜏 2 𝜔 2 + 1 2
𝜋
𝑌(𝑡) = 𝐴 sin(𝜔𝑡 + ∅) = 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( − 𝜔𝑡)
2
𝜋
𝑌(𝑡) = 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠 (𝜔𝑡 − )
2
𝜋 𝜋
Fase yang berbeda =∅ − 2 − (− 2 ) = |∅|

4.8. t<1 sec; T1 = 400 – 325𝑒 −𝑡1 /𝜏

Suhu pada 75°F
Koefisien heat transfer air = 1/5 koefisien heat transfer oil
hair = 1/5 hoil
𝑚𝐶
𝜏= 𝜏 = 10 𝑠𝑒𝑐
ℎ𝐴 𝑜𝑖𝑙
𝜏𝑎𝑖𝑟 = 50 𝑠𝑒𝑐
𝑇𝐹 = 75 + (𝑇1 − 75)𝑒 −𝑡2 /50
𝑇𝐹 = 98℃
98 = 75 + (325 -325𝑒 −𝑡1 /10)e-10/50
 𝑒 −𝑡1 /10 = 0,91356
t1 = 0,904 sec

4.9. 𝑌(𝑡) = 𝐴(1 − 𝑒 −𝑡/𝜏 )

1,2
𝑌(1,2) = 𝐴 (1 − 𝑒 − 1 ) + 50

Y(1,2) = 84,9 °C

4.10. Pada t = 1,5

Y(1,5) = 88,843°C
Indikasi maks temperatur = 88,843°C
Pada t= 20 min
T= 88,843-13,843(1-e-18,8/1)
T = 75°C

4.11. X(s) = 1 Y(t) = te-t

1
𝑌(𝑠) = (𝑠+1)2

𝑌(𝑠) 1
𝐺(𝑠) = =
𝑋(𝑠) (𝑠 + 1)2
1 𝐴 𝐵 𝐶
𝑌(𝑠) = 2
= + +
(𝑠 + 1) 𝑠 𝑠 + 1 (𝑠 + 1)2
A= 1; B= -1; C= -1
1 1 1
𝑌(𝑠) = − −
𝑠 𝑠 + 1 (𝑠 + 1)2
Y(t) = 1-e-t – te-t