Intertextuality Mr. Pip
Intertextuality Mr. Pip
Intertextuality Mr. Pip
Pip)
Great Expectations:
Great Expectations is a novel written in the nineteenth-century by Charles Dickens. It tells the story of
Pip, an English orphan who lives with his oppressive older sister and kindhearted uncle in southeast England.
Pip eventually becomes a blacksmith before an anonymous benefactor gives him a large amount of money
and tells him to move to London to learn how to be a gentleman. This coming-of-age tale resonates deeply
with Matilda, who relates to Pip because—among other things—she has been estranged from her father
and is frequently at odds with her mother. She sees the book as representative of the fact that change can
happen to anybody, and that disagreeable circumstances can take an unexpected turn for the better. As Pip
evolves as a character, Matilda considers what it means to be a gentleman, a thought process Mr. Watts
furthers when he tells his class that a gentleman always does the right thing. In this way, Great Expectations
comes to embody a sense of morality for morality’s sake, a philosophy that promotes the intrinsic goodness
of being an upstanding person. As Matilda ventures more deeply into these ideas, she finds herself capable
of escaping the turbulent wartime environment in which she lives, turning Great Expectations into a window
through which she can access a foreign world that sheds new light on her current reality. Unfortunately, she
also discovers that the secular commitment to goodness that Great Expectations champions is at odds with
her mother’s Biblical beliefs, which uphold that morality should be rooted in religion. The presence of
Dickens’s novel in the village ultimately creates incredible tension, as people like Dolores view its remote
ideas as threatening to Bougainville’s traditional beliefs. As such, Great Expectations symbolizes both the
positive aspects of embracing foreign stories and the danger of introducing new narratives into volatile
communities.
The Bible:
The Bible appears in Mister Pip as a counterpoint to Great Expectations and its secular framing of
what it means to be a moral person. Suspicious of ideas that threaten the stability of her traditional beliefs,
Dolores invests herself in the Bible (which she calls the “Good Book”), calling upon it to support her ideas
about right and wrong. For her, morality is inherently rooted in religion, and a strong familiarity with the
Bible ensures a person’s goodness. Interestingly enough, though, her commitment to scripture also
symbolizes the notion of hybridity, since her foundational beliefs are a mixture of old Bougainvillean island
lore and the Biblical teachings of Christian missionaries who visited the village before she was born. As a
result, she is just as likely to refer to “the wisdom of crabs” as she is to quote the opening lines of Genesis.
For her, these two traditions are one and the same. For example, to explain why women in her community
have always braided their hair, Dolores upholds that “when you bring two strands of hair together and tease
them into rope you begin to understand the idea of partnership…and you understand how God and the devil
know each other.” This assertion combines the customs of Bougainvillean women with the concept of right
and wrong—a concept that draws upon the Bible’s depiction of God and the devil. As a result, Dolores uses
the Bible to resist the outside influence of Great Expectations even as the Bible itself represents the cultural
hybridity at play in her own personality and culture.