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3.1 IP Routing Part 2

This document discusses dynamic routing protocols and concepts such as administrative distance and metrics. It provides an overview of RIP, EIGRP, OSPF, and how administrative distance is used to determine the best route when multiple protocols are configured. It also discusses metric calculation differences between protocols and explains issues with RIP such as periodic full routing table updates and no consideration of bandwidth in metric calculation.

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52 views15 pages

3.1 IP Routing Part 2

This document discusses dynamic routing protocols and concepts such as administrative distance and metrics. It provides an overview of RIP, EIGRP, OSPF, and how administrative distance is used to determine the best route when multiple protocols are configured. It also discusses metric calculation differences between protocols and explains issues with RIP such as periodic full routing table updates and no consideration of bandwidth in metric calculation.

Uploaded by

trusty
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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IP Routing Part 2

This lecture is about dynamic routing where we will look at RIP, administrative and other things.

This is the routing table using multiple dynamic routing protocol.


R tells the route is defined by RIP routing protocol.
O tells that this route is defined by OSPF protocol.
D is for EIGRP.
S tells the route has defined statically.
C tells the directly connected networks and it has administrative distance of 0.
S* tells that this is the last resort address in other terms the gateway.
L tells the IP address of local interfaces.
Distance-vector send the routing table every 30 seconds to neighbors, can create a loop and consume a
lot of bandwidth.
EIGRP is advanced distance-vector and called hybrid routing protocol.

Link-state create the multiple table store a lot of information about their routes and are considered
better.

Metric

Metric is a mechanism that is used by dynamic routing protocols for routing.


EIGRP uses bandwidth & delay as its metric.
OSPF uses cost as its metric.
RIP uses hop count as its metric.
Administrative Distance
It is trustworthiness and prioritization of selecting a routing protocol. The lower the administrative
distance the better the trustworthiness.

If you configure multiple routing protocol on a router such as RIP, OSPF, and EIGRP the protocol which
has lower administrative will show up in routing table as in this case is EIGRP.
It does not matter that what route is best the thing which matters is administrative distance. In the
above illustration there are two protocols EIGRP and OSPF. Even though the OSPF has the better route
to the destination but EIGRP was nominated the winner by router and has been put in the routing table
because it has lower administrative distance than OSPF.
This is the example where there are two protocols RIP and EIGRP and because EIGRP has lower
administrative distance it will be chosen to send the packet to router E.

The first thing will choosing is route is administrative distance and then the metric.
First talk about RIP. We use RIP at the router connected to host A, and the router connected to host B
will learn it. Let’s say the both links of router learn the RIP on both interfaces and they count the metric
to choose the path in this case it is same so it will use one for primary route and other for load-
balancing.
There is a issue the RIP sends the same amount of data to the interface no matter what cable is used
there that is why if the 512k link goes down it will send the data of amount of 512k to the T3 and it
makes congestion.
Pin-hole congestion is this condition when the more amount of data is sent to the wire that it can handle
and it can only be solved by not using RIP protocol.

Now move to EIGRP, it will use the T3 link as its primary link by calculating its metric and it will keep the
512k as a feasible or backup link.
RIP

RIP can goes to 15 hops and if the distance is 16 it will consider it unreachable. The RIPv1 uses class-full
address and broadcasts the routing table every 30 seconds. Where RIPv2 uses classless address (VLSM)
and uses multicast to advertise the routing table.

What is the layer of RIP protocol?

In RIPv1 we just have to know the interfaces address put their class-full address and you are done as
shown above.
The only configuration difference in RIPv2 is that you type the command of version 2 to tell it we are
going to use version 2, by default it uses version 1. You have to take care that you have to run version 2
on all the connecting routers to make routing working if one router is using version 1 and other is using
version 2 the routing will not work.
Default-information originate is the command that advertise the way to Internet. There is a problem
should the router connected to the Internet advertise its routing table, no the answer is clear no. The
passive-interface default command tells that do not advertise the routing table to any interface and
then if you need to advertise the routing table to particular interface you type passive-interface g0/1,
this says advertise the routing table to this interface. By typing these two commands you turn of the
advertisement and just on the routing on g0/1 interface.

Split-horizon
It is a mechanism to forbid the router to send the routing table to the interface from which it learned the
routes. This is an important technique to avoid network routing issues.
LAB
Configure the previous LAB of static routing by using RIP protocol.
Note that you only have to tell this router of its connected interfaces address not the address of next
hop.

Corp Configuration
This information tells that Corp is advertising and receiving the routing table inform from its neighbors.

This is the result of successful routing configuration.

Show run result.


LA Configuration
This is all for the RIP routing hope you understand the entire module and if you do not then go to start
and study again.

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