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How To Self Study Analysis - Intermediate Level

This document provides guidance on self-studying intermediate analysis at a higher level beyond real numbers and Euclidean spaces. It recommends several textbooks to cover key topics like metric spaces, normed spaces, Hilbert spaces, and measure theory. The best starting point is said to be Carothers' Real Analysis book, which motivates new concepts carefully. After that, Jones' book is suggested for a deeper treatment of measure theory on Euclidean spaces. Bartle's Elements of Integration and Lebesgue Measure covers measure theory more broadly. Kreyszig's Introductory Functional Analysis is also recommended as an introduction to that field. Complex analysis, topology, and other advanced topics are mentioned as subsequent steps.

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202 views4 pages

How To Self Study Analysis - Intermediate Level

This document provides guidance on self-studying intermediate analysis at a higher level beyond real numbers and Euclidean spaces. It recommends several textbooks to cover key topics like metric spaces, normed spaces, Hilbert spaces, and measure theory. The best starting point is said to be Carothers' Real Analysis book, which motivates new concepts carefully. After that, Jones' book is suggested for a deeper treatment of measure theory on Euclidean spaces. Bartle's Elements of Integration and Lebesgue Measure covers measure theory more broadly. Kreyszig's Introductory Functional Analysis is also recommended as an introduction to that field. Complex analysis, topology, and other advanced topics are mentioned as subsequent steps.

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How to Self Study Analysis: Intermediate Analysis May 1,

2016/6 Comments/in Mathematics Guides /by micromass


[Total: 7 Average: 4.1/5] If you wish to follow this guide,
then you should know how to do analysis on RR and RnRn.
See my previous insight if you wish to know what kind of
topics you need to know and for suggestions of books:
https://www.physicsforums.com/insights/self-study-analysis-
part-intro-analysis/ Also in many parts you should be
comfortable with linear algebra, see my insight on
that: https://www.physicsforums.com/insights/self-study-
algebra-linear-algebra/ Now we will take one step further.
While analysis on RR and RnRn is fun and exciting, it is just
the tip of the iceberg. We will see now how to go further. If
you learnt analysis on RR and RnRn well, you should have no
difficulty at all. Most of the things you’ll see are careful but
powerful generalization of the classical context. Central in this
state of your studying will be the concepts of metric spaces,
normed spaces and Hilbert spaces on one hand, and
measure theory on the other hand. Those form the backbone
of almost all other types of analysis out there. The best place
to start according to me is with Carothers – Real Analysis
http://www.amazon.com/Real-Analysis-N-L-
Carothers/dp/0521497566 This is truly a gem of a book. It
motivates all new concepts very carefully and provides a lot of
intuition, motivation and guidance at every step of the way.
Not to say that the exercises in Carothers are brilliant. There’s
so many exercises in the book. Some of the exercises are
tagged as “must do”, the others are optional. This book will
deal with Metric spaces Function spaces Measure theory on
RR The coverage of these concepts is very profound and
exhaustive. The only minor point is that it is too bad that no
measure theory on more general spaces is developed, but the
book is already quite heavy as it is. In the section of metric
spaces, you will learn Open and closed sets Continuity
Completeness Compactness Connectedness Category
theorems Another book which covers metric spaces very
thoroughly is O’Searcoid “Metric spaces”
http://www.amazon.com/Metric-Spaces-Springer-
Undergraduate-Mathematics/dp/1846283698/ In the section
of Function spaces, you will do Uniform convergence Fourier
series Stone-Weierstrass theorem Ascoli-Arzela theorem
Bounded variation Stieltjes integration And finally in the
section of measure theory, you will do Lebesgue measure
Measurable functions Lebesgue integral Differentiation theory
Once you finished Carothers, it is time to see measure theory
somewhat more indepth. For this I recommend: Jones –
Lebesgue integration on Euclidean space
http://www.amazon.com/Lebesgue-Integration-Euclidean-
Bartlett-Mathematics/dp/0763717088 This gives a very deep
but intuitive development of measure theory in RnRn, but also
occasionally does things on general measure spaces. While
the construction of the Lebesgue measure is very rushed in
most books, Jones takes it slow and tries to do things in the
neatest way possible. The book also considers quite a few
applications of measure theory to other parts of analysis. This
book covers: Lebesgue measure on RnRn Invariance of
Lebesgue measure and a formal proof of why the determinant
actually measures a volume Borel sets and measurable
functions Lebesgue integration over RnRn Fubini-Tonelli
theorem The Gamma function LpLp spaces Convolutions
Fourier theory on RnRn Differentiation theory on RnRn and
RR It would be good to complement Jones with a book that
does all these things on general measure spaces. For this, I
highly recommend: Bartle – The Elements of Integration and
Lebesgue measure http://www.amazon.com/Elements-
Integration-Lebesgue-Measure/dp/0471042226 This book
deals with much of the same topic as in Jones but takes the
more high brow route. It is probably a good idea to do this
book together with Jones. The book covers Measurable
functions Measures Integral Integrable functions LpLp spaces
Different kinds of convergence Decomposition of measures
Generation of measures Product measures Outer measure
Measurable sets Approximation of measurable sets Additivity
Non-Borel sets and Non-measurable sets By completing
Bartle you will have gained enough familiarity with measure
theory to understand most advanced analysis texts. But I do
need to comment that the Lebesgue integral isn’t the best
possible integral. On RR, there is a better integral called the
Henstock-Kurzweil or gauge integral. Studying this integral is
not necessary, but if you do wish to do so (and the theory is
quite beautiful), then I highly recommend Bartle – A modern
theory of integration http://www.amazon.com/Modern-
Integration-Graduate-Studies-Mathematics/dp/0821808451 At
this stage it is probably also a good idea to start learning a bit
of functional analysis. The best introduction to functional
analysis (and a book that is quite elementary too) is Kreyszig
– Introductory functional analysis with applications
http://www.amazon.com/Introductory-Functional-Analysis-
Applications-Kreyszig/dp/0471504599 This book does not
require measure theory, so you could probably read this after
you’ve done the parts of metric and function spaces of
Carothers, but those are not hard requirements either (I do
recommend doing it at least together with Carothers). If you
did do measure theory already, then this book is still worth
reading, and it could be a very neat exercise to try to extend
the theorems to a more general context. This book covers:
Metric spaces Normed spaces and Banach spaces Inner
product spaces and Hilbert spaces Fundamental theorems for
normed and Banach spaces Banach fixed point theorem and
application to linear/differential/integral equations
Approximation theory Spectral theory of linear operators in
normed spaces Compact linear operators on normed spaces
and their spectrum Spectral theory of bounded self-adjoint
linear operators Unbounded linear operators in Hilbert space
Unbounded linear operators in Quantum Mechanics As you
see, a lot of topics coincide with topics in Carothers, but
things are definitely done here with a new point of view. It
ends with a very nice section of quantum mechanics, which I
feel is very important to really appreciate functional analysis
more. Aside from analysis, you should be very comfortable
with linear algebra, since that is what functional analysis tries
to generalize. The next step from here is to learn complex
analysis and topology, but that will be detailed in another
insight.

Reference https://www.physicsforums.com/insights/self-study-
analysis-part-ii-intermediate-analysis/

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