Online Voting System

ONLINE VOTING SYSTEM
1. COLLEGE PROFILE
1.1 UDHNA ACADEMY EDUCATION TRUST
Udhna Academy Education Trust was established in 1964 with the objective of
catering to the educational needs of the citizens of udhna area (i.e South zone of
surat city) and south Gujarat. The Trust has completed 51 years of brilliance since
inception in 1964.It has spread the light of education in the region providing
education ranging from pre-primary to Higher Secondary and graduation.
Its pioneers started this institution with a very noble aim and far reaching vision.
As a result, today, “SMT.DIWALIBEN HARJIBHAI GONDALIA COLLEGE OF
BCA AND IT” ,Trust governs the following institutions, where about 6000
students seek high quality education.
SMT.DIWALIBEN HARJIBHAI GONDALIYA B.C.A & IT-JUNE 2008
S.P.B COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (B.B.A.) – JUNE

2005
UDHNA CITIZEN COMMERCE COLLEGE (B.com.) – JUNE 2002
R.N. NAIK H.S. SCHOOL (SCIENCE) – JUNE 2001
R.N. NAIK H.S. SCHOOL (COM.& ARTS) – JUNE 2001

UDHNA ACADEMY SHISHUVIHAR-2- JUNE 1998
SMT. MADHUKANTABEN J. MEHTA PRIMARY SCHOOL – JUNE 1998
UDHNA ACADEMY SHISHUVIHAR-2- JUNE 1998
SURAT NATIONAL PRIMARY SCHOOL- JUNE 1968

R.N. NAIK HIGH SCHOOL – JUNE 1964
VISION
“To be an eminent and vibrant institute for education, our credo will always be
excellence through innovations, sympathy, ethics and teamwork and to cater to the
ever changing needs of community at large”.
MISSION
“To impart quality education, nurture aspirations and facilitate continuous learning
and to contribute to the society by developing outstanding individuals who would
take up leadership challenges in various sectors of economy.
1.2 Salient Features
 Qualified and Experienced faculty members
 Book Bank Facility
 Well-equipped Text and References Library
 Strong Industry- Institute Interaction through seminars, Guest Lectures,

Projects,Visits.
 Faculty Feedback System to strengthen Teaching-Learning Process
 Indoor and outdoor Co-Curricular & Extra –curricular Activities
 Social Welfare Initiatives in Plantation of trees, Blood Donation Camp, NSS

Camp and relief during Natural Calamities
 NSS Sports as Character Building Activities
 Tie-up with Health centre for free medical service to all students and staff
 Well equipped computers laboratories with Broadband Internet Connection
 Canteen Facility for Students and staff

 Scholarship to toppers in academics, extra-curricular activities and sports
 Anti-ragging Cell
 Women’s Cell
 Placement Cell
 Smart Class
 Seminars conducted by doctors
1.2 INSTITUTE STRUCTURE /CHART

Udhna Academy Education Trust
Member of the Trust
Dr.Mehul P. Desai
(I/C Principal)
B.COM B.B.A B.C.A
Dr.Mehul P. Desai Dr. Daisy Thekanlal Dr. Manish kaysth
Teaching Teaching Teaching

staf staf staf
2. SYSTEM ANALYSIS
System analysis is the process of gathering and interpreting facts, diagnosing

problems and the information to recommended improvements on the system.
System analysis is a problem solving activity that requires intensive
communication between the system users and system developers. System analysis
or study is an important phase of any system development process. The system is
studied to the minutest detail and analyzed. The system analyst plays the role of
the interrogator and dwells deep into the working of the present system. The
system is viewed as a whole and the input to the system are identified. The outputs
from the organizations are traced to the various processes.
A detailed study of the process must be by various techniques like

interviews, questionnaires etc. The data collected by these sources must be
scrutinized to arrive to a conclusion. The conclusion is an understanding of how
the system functions. This system is called existing system. Now the existing
system is subjected to close study and problem areas are identified. The designer
now functions as a problem solver and tries to sort out difficulties that the
enterprise faces. The solutions are given as proposals. The proposal is then
weighed with the existing system analytically and the best one is selected. The
proposal is presented to the user for an endorsement by the user .The proposal is
reviewed on user request and suitable changes are made. This is loop that ends as
soon as the user is satisfied with proposal.
3. EXISTING SYSTEM STUDY
In the present system the is no such application level system provisions in the
Corporates to carry out the voting and procedure as a whole . Also in the present
status, there is no such application in use for automated system for voting
according to the voting structure existing in the companies. All the step by step
procedures are carried out by the authorized authorities according to the jobs
assigned by the manually people. The fact is all the procedures are carried out
manually, starting from the registration process to result publishing.
The firms do this process manually wastes a lot of time and money. Thus the
present system proves itself to be an efficient and effective one. The existing
system is not web based. The user or person must want to go to the polling station
for casting their votes.
3.1 Major Components
 The main goal of the system is to automate the process where no human
intervention are needed and the work gets accomplished with minimum
paper work.
In “ONLINE VOTING SYSTEM” a voter can use his\her voting right online
without any difficulty. He\She has to be registered first for him/her to vote
manually. Registration is mainly done by the system administrator for security
reason
 Voter:
 Voter registration :
This Component is used to register the employee as a voter into the database.
Using this interface you can introduce new voter into database as well as modify.
In “ONLINE VOTING SYSTEM” a voter can use his\her voting right online
without any difficulty. He\She has to be registered first for him/her to vote
manually. Registration is mainly done by the system administrator for security
reason.
 Candidate:
 Apply for the candidate :
By using this component, the employee can easily apply himself/herself for the
candidate and the details will get stored in the database.
 Winner :
The candidate who has received maximum number of the votes will be declared as
the winner and the respective winner will get the respective post in the company.
The result will be declared on website automatically by having the proper

validation between the maximum number of votes of the candidates.
3.2 MINIMUM HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE
3.2.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
In order to implement a new system the choice of processor with maximum

possible speed is made. There should be sufficient memory to store data and
software tools for efficient processing.
Following are at least minimum requirements , the system will work in extended
versions as well.
System : IBM-Compatible PC
Processor : Pentium IV
Speed : 2.0 GHz
Memory : 256 MB RAM
Hard Disk Drive : 40 GB
3.2.2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
Platform : Linux
Language used : J2EE
Back end : My SQL
Technologies used : JSP, JDBC

Designer tool : HTML
Server : Apache tomcat 5.5.9
To develop application software, we use different types of software. The software

for the development has been selected based on several factors such as:
 Support
 Cost Effectiveness
 Development Speed
 Ability to create robust application least time
 Stability
3.3 DRAWBACKS / LIMITATIONS(Existing System)
1) Less Interactive in tradition way of voting.

The traditional way of voting consists blank ballot and use a pen or a
marker to indicate he want to vote for which candidate. Hand-counted
ballots is a time and labour consuming process.
2) Time Consuming:
In Our current system, all the process are carried out by human so naturally
it require more time and in that sense, it will require more time to complete
the voting process.
3) Book Record manually:
In every manual system has more record keeping manually. Like in manual
Online Voting System has so many physical documents like keeping records
of voter in a register, another are Candidates register, Number of applicants,
Marks record of each and every votes, so the current system have high book
keeping to maintain manual registers rather than computer software.
4) Report Creation:
Information processing is very lengthy and time consuming. So actual data

required to create or generate reports which are not on time provided
generation is delay until required data is produced.
5) Security /level is low:
In Our current system all the work that is done carried out the register and so
there are not any security criteria to guard our data and any person can open
data register and make changes and make effect on reports.
6) Errors during data entry:

Errors are part of all human beings; it is very unlikely for humans to be 100
percent efficient in data entry.
7) Loss of registration forms:

Sometimes, registration forms get lost after being filled in with voters’
details, in most cases these are difficult to follow-up and therefore many
remain unregistered.
4. PROPOSE PROJECT PROFILE
4.1 INTRODUCTION
The new implemented voting protocol has two main players: The voter/candidate
and administrator sections. The voter(which can be found at home, in a working
station, in a special polling station or any other device have the fuction of
performing the Authentication and voting).
The administrator performs the function of voter and candidate registration,

authorization and validation of voter, database and counting and the result.
The main advantages of the new protocol are the following:
1) Public transparency by the administrator (publication of Voter ID key, etc.).
2) Inured to technical troubles like interruption of access, etc, uncomplicated

recovery.
3) Possibility of configuration for different voting models by policies and Greater

performance.
Furthermore it is assumed that a trustworthy Administrator is available. Apart from

that, the accessibility to the public in the voting procedure plays a special role,
which means that the voting result can be monitored, although casting of the votes
has to be secret as a matter of course.
 The ONLINE VOTING SYSTEM shall reduce the time spend making long
queues at the voting place during voting.
 It shall also enable the voters to vote from any part of the globe as explained
since this is an online application available on the internet.
 Cases of vote miscounts shall also be solved since at the backend of this
system resides a well-developed database.
 Since the voting process shall be open as early as possible, the voters shall
have ample time to decide when and whom to vote for.
4.2 AIM
1. Planned approach towards working: - The working in the organization will be

well planned and organized. The data will be stored properly in data stores, which
will help in retrieval of information as well as its storage.
2. Accuracy: - The level of accuracy in the proposed system will be higher. All
operation would be done correctly and it ensures that whatever information is
coming from the centre is accurate.
3. Reliability: - The reliability of the proposed system will be high due to the above
stated reasons. The reason for the increased reliability of the system is that now there
would be proper storage of information.
4. No Redundancy: - In the proposed system utmost care would be that no

information is repeated anywhere, in storage or otherwise. This would assure
economic use of storage space and consistency in the data stored.
5. Immediate retrieval of information: - The main objective of proposed system is

to provide for a quick and efficient retrieval of information.
6. Immediate storage of information: - In manual system there are many problems

to store the largest amount of information.
7. Easy to Operate: - The system should be easy to operate and should be such that
it can be developed within a short period of time and fit in the limited budget of the
user.
4.3 Background
ONLINE VOTING SYSTEM is a voting system by which any Voter can use his\her
voting rights from any where in India. ONLINE VOTING SYSTEM contains-:
 Voter’s information in database.

 Voter’s Names with ID.
 Voter’s vote in a database.
 Calculation of total number of votes.
Various operational works that are done in the system are:-
 Recording information of the Voter in Voter database.

 Checking of information filled by voter.
 Discard the false information.
4.4 SCOPE
It is focused on studying the existing system of voting and to make sure that the
people’s vote are count, for fairness for the deserving positions. This is also will
produce:
 Less effort and less labor intensive, as the primary focus on creating,
managing, and running a secure web voting portal.
 Increasing number of voters as individuals will find it easier and more

convenient to vote, especially those abroad.
 The main goal of the system is to automate the process where no human
intervention are needed and the work gets accomplished with minimum
paper work.
4.5 TYPES OF PROJECT
 It is general system and hence there is unique web page layout and format.
 It is web application.
 It requires window depends on the capability of the system.
 The whole manual work depends on the capability of the system.
 It requires many operators called administrator.

4.6 TECHNOLOGY / ENVIRONMENTS TOOLS:

PHP:
 PHP is an acronym for "PHP: Hypertext Pre-processor"
 PHP is a widely-used, open source scripting language
 PHP scripts are executed on the server
 PHP is free to download and use
PHP File
 PHP files can contain text, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP code
 PHP code are executed on the server, and the result is returned to the
browser as plain HTML
 PHP files have extension ".php".
Can PHP Do?
 PHP can generate dynamic page content
 PHP can create, open, read, write, delete, and close files on the server
 PHP can collect form data
 PHP can send and receive cookies
 PHP can add, delete, modify data in your database
 PHP can be used to control user-access
 PHP can encrypt data
Why PHP?
 PHP runs on various platforms (Windows, Linux, UNIX, Mac OS X, etc.)
 PHP is compatible with almost all servers used today (Apache, IIS, etc.)
 PHP supports a wide range of databases

 PHP is free. Download it from the official PHP resource: www.php.net
 PHP is easy to learn and runs efficiently on the server side
Do I Need?
To start using PHP, you can:
 Find a web host with PHP and MySQL support
 Install a web server on your own PC, and then install PHP and MySQL
Use a Web Host with PHP Support

If your server has activated support for PHP you do not need to do anything.
Just create some .php files, place them in your web directory, and the server will
automatically parse them for you.
You do not need to compile anything or install any extra tools.
Because PHP is free, most web hosts offer PHP support.
Set Up PHP on Your Own PC
However, if your server does not support PHP, you must:
 install a web server
 install PHP
 install a database, such as MySQL
The official PHP website (PHP.net) has installation instructions for

PHP: http://php.net/manual/en/install.php
MYSQL:
 MySQL is a database management system.
 MySQL databases are relational.
 MySQL software is Open Source.

 The MySQL Database Server is very fast, reliable, scalable, and easy to use.
MySQL Server works in client/server or embedded systems.


 A large amount of contributed MySQL software is available.
Reason of using MySQL
 Secure Money Transactions

 On-Demand Scalability
 High Availability
 Rock-Solid Reliability
 Quick-Start Capability
SCALING MYSQL
 Long Development Time

 Replication
 Database Logging Costs
 Query Caches
 High Connection Churn
4.7 APPLICABILITY OF SYSTEM
As per the name of the system “Omline Voting System”, suggests this system will
be used for manage the traditional Voting System which will be based on the
computer totally. The functionality of this system will be related to the system for
which it is designed .
The Online Voting System can be apply in School,Colleges,Corporates,in

politics,Poll voting in an event and all those areas where the candidates are more
and transparency are supposed to inherited.
It will store information about all the Voter’s details, Candidates, and their
obtained maximum number of votes. By using this information system will
5. SOFTWARE ANALYSIS
generate necessary report and for the organization and will give the best deserving
candidates for the respective post.
During preliminary investigation, a system analyst typically follows a series of

steps. The exact procedure depends on the nature of the request, this size of the
project and importance.
Several Steps:
1. Understanding the problem
2. Define the project scope and constraints
3. Perform Fact-Finding
4. Evaluate Feasibility
5. Estimate Project Development Time and Cost
6. Present Results and Recommendation
4.2 Problem Identification
All activities like voter’s electronic vote , candidate approved, maintain

record, all are performed in manually way. So takes more times to generate report
for particular activities. All these processes are included in our system. So totally
work is performed computerized manner with online registration instead of
manually entering records of each voter.
In our system, voter gives his/her votes sitting at home files up form. Admin verify
for the candidate request and admin allows it. In our system, User have to login in
the system. There are different menus are available. Like voter can select different
option from the menu and select proper command for different process and
candidate can check the number of votes too.
 By understanding the process of system:
 What are the forms to be included?

 How to manage voter’s information?

 How to manage voter’s vote?
 How to manage between candidate and voters ?
 How to manage login process?
 What type of reports may need ?
 How to manage automated results at web about the winner ?
 How to manage all process and its transparency ?
4.3 Feasibility Study
Whatever we think need not be feasible. It is wise to think about the feasibility
of any problem we undertake. Feasibility is the study of impact, which happens
in the organization by the development of a system. The impact can be either
positive or negative. When the positives nominate the negatives, then the
system is considered feasible. Here the feasibility study can be performed in
five ways such as technical feasibility, Economical Feasibility, Operational
Feasibility, Management feasibility and time-feasibility.
4.3.1) Technical Feasibility:
We can strongly say that it is technically feasible, since there will not be much
difficulty in getting required resources for the development and maintaining the
system as well. All the resources needed for the development of the software as
well as the maintenance of the same is available in the organization here we are
utilizing the resources which are available already.
4.3.2) Economical Feasibility:

Development of this application is highly economically feasible .The organization

needed not spend much money for the development of the system already
available. The only thing is to be done is making an environment for the
development with an effective supervision. If we are doing so, we can attain the
maximum usability of the corresponding resources.Even after the development, the
organization will not be in condition to invest more in the organization. Therefore,
the system is economically feasible.
4.3.3) Operational Feasibility:
An estimate should be made to determine how much effort and care will go into
the developing of the system including the training to be user. Usually, people are
reluctant to changes that come in their progression.
The computer initialization will certainly affected the urn over, transfer and
employee job status. Hence an additional effort is to be made train and re-educate
the users on the new way of the system.
4.3.4) Management Feasibility:
At the management point then this software have more details about students,
faculties and administrators. So, every detail has been stored in database, so it is
one type of management. Thus it seems that the project is feasible to management.
4.3.5) Time Feasibility:

Time feasibility describes the time cost for concerting the present system to new
system. The aspect of time feasibility for our system takes approximate. This
system is developing under this time period. So we can say that this system is time
feasibility.
4.4 Requirement Analysis
4.4.1 Fact Finding Technique
A fact finding study was undertaken to study the activities involved in marketing
system of company. We have visited the various person of the marketing system.
The existing system was studied by means of
1) Interview
2) Record Review
3) Observation
1) Interview
User’s interviews were conducted to determine the qualities information. These
interviews which were unstructured interviews provided opportunity that gathered
information from respondents who are involved in the process for a long time.
These interviews provided information such as:
A. Distinguish between fact and opinion.
B. Limitation of existing system.

C. Further any clarification obtained subsequently.
Interview allows the analyst to collect or gather the information from the
individual or group who are generally the current user of the existing system or
potential user of the proposed system.
They may be mangers or employee of the firm itself who provide the data for the
proposed system and who be affected by it.
Interview could be (a) structured (b) unstructured.
Structured Interview:
Here, it uses standardized questions as far as response of the questions is
concerned; they are divided into two formats:
(a) Open response format:
Here the questions are answered in one’s word.
(b) Closed response format:
Here set of prescribed answers are used
Unstructured interview:
Here the questions are worded to suit the respondent that provide the information
about the areas overlooked or not thought to be important.
Advantages and Disadvantages of structured and unstructured interviews:

ADVANTAGES:
 Ensures uniform wording of questions to all respondents.
 Easy to administer and evaluate.
 Less interview training required.

 Result in shorter time.
Unstructured Interview:
 Questions can be worded to suit the respondent.
 May produce the information about the areas overlooked or not thought to
be important.
DISADVANTAGES:
 Cost of preparation is high.
 Such high level of structure may not always be suitable.
 Some respondent may resist to such structure.
Unstructured Interview:
 Inefficient use of interviewer and respondent time.
 Results take a longer time.
 Extra time required for the collection of essential facts.
 The success of the interview depends on the skill of the interviewer and
his/her preparation for the interview.
 Analysts must also be aware of the kinds of difficulties at some interview,
and must know how to deal with the potential problems.
2. Record Review
To gather details about the system many kinds of records and reports were
reviewed. The study covered:
A. Standard operating procedure.
B. Reports generated by the existing system.
C. Document flow (Input/output) of the marketing.
To gather details about the recruitment analysis system, many kinds of records and
reports were reviewed. The study covered.
 Standard operating procedure system
 Reports generated by the existing system.
 Document flow (input/output) of the recruitment analysis system.
 Process of generating reports.

 Process storing the applicant and company information.
 Types and format of database registers.
For gathering basic needs and functionalities, I was meeting to the programmer
of intellect personally to understand required functionalities, also noted down some
useful features to be included. By analyzing the information functionalities, also
noted down some useful features to be included. By analyzing the information and
we have understand following process requirement.
We analyzing our gathered information and we have decided that system should
have following functionalities.
4.4.2 timeline chart
Task Month1 Month2 Month3

1) Requirement analysis
Collected requirement from our guide
Analyse gathered information
Determine scope of the system
Milestone: requirement Analysis complete
2) Planning and risk analysis
Analyse data for possible risks
Identify technical risks
Determine different modules
Milestone: Planning completed
3) Designing
Design basic interface of the site
Design database tables
Design web form for modules
Milestone: designing completed
4) Coding and integrating modules
Implement logic for different modules
Implement database connectivity

Integrate different modules
Implement Report
Milestone: coding completed
5) Testing
Validate input control and check accuracy
Milestone:
of Reports testing completed
6) Documentation
Milestone: documentation completed
PROJECT MODEL :
The Waterfall Model was the first Process Model to be introduced. It is also
referred to as a linear-sequential life cycle model. It is very simple to understand
and use. In a waterfall model, each phase must be completed before the next phase
can begin and there is no overlapping in the phases.
The Waterfall model is the earliest SDLC approach that was used for software
development.
The waterfall Model illustrates the software development process in a linear
sequential flow. This means that any phase in the development process begins
only if the previous phase is complete. In this waterfall model, the phases do not
overlap.
Waterfall Model - Design
Waterfall approach was first SDLC Model to be used widely in Software
Engineering to ensure success of the project. In "The Waterfall" approach, the
whole process of software development is divided into separate phases. In this
Waterfall model, typically, the outcome of one phase acts as the input for the next
phase sequentially.
The following illustration is a representation of the different phases of the

Waterfall Model.
The sequential phases in Waterfall model are −

 Requirement Gathering and analysis − All possible requirements of the
system to be developed are captured in this phase and documented in a
requirement specification document.
 System Design − The requirement specifications from first phase are
studied in this phase and the system design is prepared. This system design
helps in specifying hardware and system requirements and helps in defining
the overall system architecture.
 Implementation − With inputs from the system design, the system is first
developed in small programs called units, which are integrated in the next
phase. Each unit is developed and tested for its functionality, which is
referred to as Unit Testing.
 Integration and Testing − All the units developed in the implementation
phase are integrated into a system after testing of each unit. Post integration
the entire system is tested for any faults and failures.
 Deployment of system − Once the functional and non-functional testing is
done; the product is deployed in the customer environment or released into
the market.
 Maintenance − There are some issues which come up in the client
environment. To fix those issues, patches are released. Also to enhance the
product some better versions are released. Maintenance is done to deliver
these changes in the customer environment.
All these phases are cascaded to each other in which progress is seen as flowing
steadily downwards (like a waterfall) through the phases. The next phase is started
only after the defined set of goals are achieved for previous phase and it is signed
off, so the name "Waterfall Model". In this model, phases do not overlap.
Waterfall Model - Application
Every software developed is different and requires a suitable SDLC approach to
be followed based on the internal and external factors. Some situations where the
use of Waterfall model is most appropriate are −
 Requirements are very well documented, clear and fixed.
 Product definition is stable.
 Technology is understood and is not dynamic.
 There are no ambiguous requirements.

 Ample resources with required expertise are available to support the
product.
 The project is short.
Waterfall Model - Advantages
The advantages of waterfall development are that it allows for departmentalization
and control. A schedule can be set with deadlines for each stage of development
and a product can proceed through the development process model phases one by
one.
Development moves from concept, through design, implementation, testing,
installation, troubleshooting, and ends up at operation and maintenance. Each
phase of development proceeds in strict order.
Some of the major advantages of the Waterfall Model are as follows −
 Simple and easy to understand and use
 Easy to manage due to the rigidity of the model. Each phase has specific
deliverables and a review process.
 Phases are processed and completed one at a time.
 Works well for smaller projects where requirements are very well
understood.
 Clearly defined stages.
 Well understood milestones.
 Easy to arrange tasks.
 Process and results are well documented.
Waterfall Model - Disadvantages

The disadvantage of waterfall development is that it does not allow much
reflection or revision. Once an application is in the testing stage, it is very difficult
to go back and change something that was not well-documented or thought upon
in the concept stage.
The major disadvantages of the Waterfall Model are as follows −
 No working software is produced until late during the life cycle.
 High amounts of risk and uncertainty.
 Not a good model for complex and object-oriented projects.
 Poor model for long and ongoing projects.
 Not suitable for the projects where requirements are at a moderate to high
risk of changing. So, risk and uncertainty is high with this process model.
 It is difficult to measure progress within stages.
 Cannot accommodate changing requirements.
 Adjusting scope during the life cycle can end a project.
 Integration is done as a "big-bang. at the very end, which doesn't allow

identifying any technological or business bottleneck or challenges early
Registration FlowChart
Insert Data into

database
Login Process:-
Start
Admin name and password
Error message
False
Validate and check database
True
Successful message
End
[Figure no:- 2]
4.4.5 UML
Unified Modelling Language (UML) is a general purpose modelling language. The

main aim of UML is define a standard way to visualize the way a system has been
designed. It is quite similar to blueprints used in other fields of engineering.
UML is not a programming language, it is rather a visual language. We use UML

diagrams to portray the behaviour and structure of a system. UML helps software
engineers, businessmen and system architects with modelling, design and analysis.
The Object Management Group (OMG) adopted Unified Modelling Language as a
standard in 1997. It’s been managed by OMG ever since. International
Organization for Standardization (ISO) published UML as an approved standard in
2005. UML has been revised over the years and is reviewed periodically.
Actor Notation
 An actor can be defined as some internal or external entity that interacts
with the system.
 An actor is used in a use case diagram to describe the internal or external

entities.
 Initial State Notation
 Initial state is defined to show the start of a process. This notation is used in
almost all diagrams.

 The usage of Initial State Notation is to show the starting point of a process.
 Final State Notation
 Final state is used to show the end of a process. This notation is also used in
almost all diagrams to describe the end.
 The usage of Final State Notation is to show the termination point of a

process.
 Active Class Notation
 Active class looks similar to a class with a solid border. Active class is
generally used to describe the concurrent behavior of a system.
 Active class is used to represent the concurrency in a system.
 Component Notation
 A component in UML is shown in the following figure with a name inside.
Additional elements can be added wherever required.
 Component is used to represent any part of a system for which UML

diagrams are made.
Admin Use Case Diagram :

Admin(Manage city ) Use Case Diagram :

Admin(Manage state) Use Case Diagram :

Admin(Manage Position) Use Case Diagram :

Admin(View Votes) Use Case Diagram :

Admin(View Winners) Use Case Diagram :

Admin(View Contacts) Use Case Diagram :

Admin(View applicants) Use Case Diagram :

Admin(View Registration) Use Case Diagram :

Activity Diagram of Admin For Login :

Activity Diagram For Registration :
valid
Sequence Diagram For Admin Login :

Sequence Diagram For Voter :

Sequence Diagram For Registration :

Class diagram
6. SOFTWARE DESIGN
The overall objective in the development of database has been to treat data as an
organizational resource and as an integrated whole. DBMS allow data to be
protected and organized separately from other resources. Database is an integrated
collection of data. The most significant form of data as seen by the programmers is
data as stored on the direct access storage device. This is the difference between
logical and physical data.
Database files are the key source of information into the system. It is the
process of designing database files, which are the key source of information to the
system. The files should be properly designed and planned for collection,
accumulation, editing and retrieving the required information.
The organization of data in database aims to achieve three major objectives:-
 Data integration.
 Data integrity.
 Data independence.
6.2 Database Design :
ADMIN :
Field Field Name Datatype Length/Values Constraint Description

Number
1 admin_Id Integer - Primary It display
Key Category Id
2 Admin_Name Varchar 50 - It display
Category
Name
3 Admin_Password Varchar 50 - It display
password of
category
Winning

Number
1 Winninng_id Integer - Primary It display
Key winning Id
2 Voting_id Integer - Foreign It display
Key voting id
3 Registration_id Integer - Foreign It display
Key Registration
id
4 winning_Status Enum ‘Active’,’Deactive - It display
’ status of
winning
Status

Number
1 Vote_id Integer - Primary It display
Key vote Id
2 Vote_time Datetime - - It display
vote time
3 vote_Status Enum ‘Active’,’Deactive - It display
’ status of
vote
4 Voting_date DateTime - - It display entry
time of the vote
5 Postion_id Integer - Foreign It display
Key position
VOTING CHOICE :
Registration
Field Field Name Datatype Length/Values Constrain Description

Numbe t
r
1 Registration_id Integer - Primary It display
Key registration
Id
2 State_id Integer - Unique It display
State id
3 City_id Integer - Unique It display
City Id
5 Name Varchar 50 - It display
name
6 Email Integer - Foreign It display
Key Email
7 Password Varchar 50 - It display
password
8 Contact Integer - It display
Contact
9 Registration_statu Enum ‘active’,’deactive - It display
s ’ status
VOTE :

Number
1 Apply_id Integer - Primary It display
Key Apply id
2 Position_id Integer - Foreign It display
key position Id
3 Number_of_vote Integer - NotNull It display
vote
Number
APPLY
Number
1 apply_Id Integer - Primary It display
Key apply Id
2 Registration_id integer 50 Foreign It display
key registration
id
3 Position_id integer Foreign It display
key position id
4 Apply_status enum ‘Active’,’Deactive - It display
’ status of
applicants
5 Apply_entrydate DateTime - It display entry
time of the
apply
CONTACT__US

Number
1 Contact_id Integer - Primary It display
Key contact Id
2 Contact _Name Varchar 50 - It display
contact
Name
3 Contact email varchar 50 - It display
email id
4 Contact description varchar 50 - It display
description
POSITION_ID

Number
1 Position_id Integer - Primary It display
Key positiont Id
2 position _Name Varchar 50 - It display
position
Name
3 Position status enum ‘Active’,’Deactive - It display
’ status of
position
4 Position_entrydate DateTime 50 - It display date
STATE :

Number
1 state_id Integer - Primary It display
Key state Id
2 State_Name Varchar 50 - It display
state Name
3 State_status enum ‘Active’,’Deactive - It display
’ status of
state
4 state_entrydate DateTime 50 - It state date
6.2.1 Justification of Normalization
Normalization is a technique of separating redundant fields and braking up a

large table in to smaller one. It is used to avoid insertion, deletion and
updating anomalies. All the tables have been normalized up to the third
normal form. In short the rules for each of the three normal forms are as
below:
 First Normal Form

A relation is said to be in 1NF if all the under lying domain of attributes
contain simple individual values.
 Second Normal Form

The 2NF is based on the concept of full functional dependency. A relation
said to be in 2NF if and only if it is in 1NF and every non-key attribute is
fully functionally dependent on candidate key of the table.
 Third Normal Form

The 3NF is based on the concept of transitive dependency. A relation 2NF is
said to be in 3NF if every non-key attribute is non-transitively.
5.3 Architectural Design
Design has been described as a multistep process in which representation of

data and program structure, interface characteristics, and procedural detail
are synthesized from information requirements.
Architectural design represents the structure of data and program

components that are required to build a computer-based system. It considers
the architectural style that the system will take, the structure and properties
of the components that constitute the system, and the interrelationships that
occur among all architectural components of a system.
Ever since the first program was divided into modules, software systems
have had architectures, and programmers have been responsible among the
modules and the global properties of the assemblage. Historically,
architectures have been often implicit-accidents off implementation, or
legacy systems of the past. Good software developers have often adopted
one or several architectural patterns as strategies for system organization, but
they use these patterns informally and have no means to make them explicit
in the resulting system. Architectural design focuses on the representation of
the structure of software components, their properties, and interactions.
The software architecture of program or computing system is the structure or
the system, which comprise software components, the externally visible
properties of those components, and the relationships among them.
The architecture is not the operational software. Rather, it is a representation

that enables a software engineer to
1) Analyse the effectiveness of the design in meeting is stated requirements.

2) Consider architectural alternatives at a stage when making design
changes is still relatively easy.
3) Reducing the risks associated with the construction of the software.
This process is used to get feedback of user. It takes different types of

feedback like: Bidding, products, service, common feedback from the user
as an input. Admin takes this all feedback to view, this process send all this
feedback to Admin as an output.
5.4 User Interface Design
User interface design creates an effective communication medium a human

and a computer. A software engineer designs the user interface by applying
an iterative process that draws on predefined design principles.
User interface design describe how the system communication and how it
reliable with the user. This design is generally developed for the better
understanding and how it reliable with the user.
The most important principle of user interface design is “know the user,
know the task”.
In our system, we follow all above process to satisfy user and to build a
good interface design.
The following are the characteristic of good interface design.
1) Speed of use.
2) Speed of recall.
3) Attractiveness.
4) Consistency.
5) Feedback.
6) User guidance and online help.
7) Error recovery.
8) Speed of learning.
9) Provide for flexible interaction.
5.6 Security Issues
Our software is totally secure.
 Admin can change the password as and when require. So there is no

issue to enter into system by anyone as if he/she fortunately knows the
password.
 Also the password is stored in the database in Encrypted form.
5.7 Quality Measures
To produce high quality system is goal to develop the software with all kinds of the
satisfaction with user, cost and assurance, and also with the developers.
If requirement is not consider or gathered properly then the lack of the adaption or
conformation to requirement is also lack of quality. So build quality software first
we define and consider the meaningful and useful requirement.
To develop quality software we must compare our software with some known data.
So for that we measure our software in different divisions.
1) Software operation
2) Software revision
3) Software transition
1) Software operation :
In these we define the quality with correction, reliability, usability,
efficiency, and integrity.
In our system there are many different modules and sub modules are exists
and to manage their quality we follows all above factors.
 Correction: If any changes occurred in our modules then we easily correct

them. So the qualities of those modules become as usual and decrease.
 Integrity: If all modules are complete successfully then we integrate them
and manage the quality of all those modules.
2) Software Revision :
In these we concerned with those aspects related to modification of the
program such as maintainability, testability.
3) Software Transition :
It deals with quality factors like portability, interoperability and reusability.
 Interoperability: is the effort required to couple the system with other system
and the relation of two modules.
 Reusability: is the extent to which parts of software can be reused in other
related application.
Quality in different views:

1) Quality with user satisfaction:
If user satisfied with all requirements of the product and accept the
system with no any excuses then we save that our software has good
7. SOFTWARE CODING
quality and adaptability. To work on the user satisfaction we consider the
following aspect.
6.1 Software Design

The goal of the coding phase is to translate the design. The aim in this phase
is to implement the design in the best possible manner. Well-known code can
reduce the testing and maintenance effort. During coding, the focus should on
developing programs that are easy to read and understand and not simply on
developing the programs that are easy to write, Simplicity and clarity should be
strived for during the code phase. An Important concept that helps the
understandability of the program is structured programming. The program that
should be organized as a sequence of statement and during execution of the
statements is executed into the sequence given in the program. There are many
different criteria for judging of the program, execution time and required memory.
f-
6.2Snap Shots
Admin Side :
Admin homepage :
Add city ;
View city :
Add State :
View state :
Add Position
View Position :
Add Voting :
View Voting :
8. SOFTWARE TESTING
Is the menu bar displayed in the appropriate contested some system retaliated
futures included either in menus or tools? Do pull-Down menu operation and tool-
bars work properly? Are all menu function and pull down sub function properly
listed: is it possible to invoke each menu function using a logical assumption that
if all parts of the system are correct, the goal will be successfully achieved. ? In
adequate testing or non-testing will leads to errors that may appear few months
later. This creates two problems:
1) Time delay between the cause and appearance of the problem.
2) The effect of the system errors on files and records within the system.
The purpose of the system testing is to consider all the likely variations to which it
will be suggested and push the system to limit. The testing process focus on the
logical intervals of the software ensuring that all statements have been tested and
on functional interval is conducting tests to uncover errors and ensure that defined
input will produce actual results that agree with the required results.
Program level testing, modules level testing integrated and carried out.
8.1 Test Cases and Test Data Design
We use many types of testing to improve the quality of our system and develop
a acceptable system by the client satisfaction we do validation, verification and
many more testing. But implements all these testing first we should know how to
develop the testing. Therefore, to improve the testing we use two important parts
for testing.
1. Test Case
2. Test Data
1) Test Case:-
Test Case is one kind of a formal discussion of predefine documentation at
the analysis phase. It is not used as a practical testing. It is only a theoretical
discussion. In this we discuses following:
 A Starting Stage:
In which we discuss the requirements of customer and checks that all
information which was define at analysis phase is full or no. we discusses all
basis requirements related to auctions is match with document or not.
 Event and Module to which software must Response:

Here we discuss that all events or modules which we developed, are
accepted the all inputs and data which user wants to puts and data which
is useful for that module or not. In our system we checks that the inputted data for
registration, service and test drive booking are related to that entire event or not.
 Expected Output For Ending Stage:

At this stage we do discuses about the expected output of the all events and
modules. We checks that all output and results are matched with all
requirement of the client or not. In our system we discuss that search
modules, view Enquiry modules, view reports module. View user module,
etc. produces the resultant output or not.
1.1) Things which are useful for test cases:
 Analysis phase documentation is very useful when we preparing test case.

 Our online auction system is objet oriented so we used use case diagram and
activity model for preparing Test case
 Test Case
1) Login Process:
Test Test case description Expected Result Pass/Fail Actual Result

version
no:
1 Open system by Make sure that login Pass Login page
double click on setup page should be
display
2 Enter User name & Make sure that Fail Do not enter into
Password And press password is correct system
login
3 Enter password 3 Password is incorrect Pass Wait for 3 minutes
times
4 Enter password and Make sure That Pass Admin Panel page
press Login button Admin panel should display
be display
2) Forget password Process:

version
no:
1 Press The link of Make sure that it Pass It will display
forget password should take mobile the form
no and email
2 Check full information If full information Fail Please fill up
filled is not filled full information
3 Press send password Make sure that the Pass It display
button after fulfillment mobile no and message that
email is correct password send
to email
4 Enter password and Make sure That Pass Admin Panel
press Login button Admin panel page display
should be display
3) Adding Medium, Stream,Semester, Division and Subject Process:

version
no:
1 Admin enter only null No entry Fail Space or null not
allow
2 Adding all the details of Make sure that Pass Entry of medium
medium,stream,semester, entry becomes stream,semester,

section and subject etc. correct with section
validation And subject added
4) Change password Process:

version
no:
1 First enter old Make sure that Pass Ask for new
password password is correct password
2 Enter a new password Make sure that it Pass Ask for confirm
must be greater than password
5character
3 Enter confirm Match with New Pass Change password
password password successfully
5) Registration Process:

version
no:
1 Enter the information Make sure that all the Pass Register the student
of students one by information must be
one valid
6) Registration for faculty Process:

version
no:
1 Enter the information Make sure that all the Pass Register the
of faculty one by one information must be faculty
valid
7) Generating Reports Form Admin Process:

version
no:
1 List of Reports which Make sure that the Pass Generate report,pdf
are required reports are valid and
usable
2)Test data:-
Test data is also a part of the developing the testing.Here we do not discuss any
theoretical concept or topics. Here we performed many different testing as practical
form.
In test data we generally used some validation and verification on data ad check all
these validation practically and match the costraints with documentation.
We use test data in our system for check tha la constraint related to our system like:
Service booking date s not generate then purchased date or test drive booking date
and match all the constraint which defined in documentation.
8.2 output comparison
We perform different testing to compare the many requirement and constraint

related to the system. We compare many output and data withthe predefined
document and the user satisfaction.
Generally testing is used to compare all the aspects related to input , output
validation etc. But most important comparison is the output comparison for user
satisfaction and for develop useful website.
Some example of data for comparison:
Sr. Process Input Condition Valid output Invalid

No output
1 Login Email id If email and Successfully Not
&password password is registered authenticate
valid. d user
2 Registration Email id, If Successfully Invalid data
password, pass=Confir registered.
confirm1 m password
password, and valid
valid data data and
valid uid.
8.3 Testing Strategies

Testing strategies are very useful for performing the different types of testing
in the system. It shows the way that how can we use different testing (unit testing,
integration testing, validation testing, system testing) with the different phase of
software engineering (Coding, Designing, Requirement, whole system).
The software engineering process may be viewed as the spiral illustrated in
figure, system engineering defines the role of software and leads to software
requirements analysis, when the information domain, function, behavior,
performance, constrains and validation criteria for software are established
moving.
A strategy for software testing may also be viewed in the context of the
spiral. Unit testing begins at the vortex of the spiral and concentrates on each unit.
(i.e., component ) of the software as implemented in source code.
Testing progress is moving outward along the spiral to integration testing, where
the focus is on design and the construction of the software architecture. Talking
another turn outward on the spiral, we encounter validation against the software
that has been constructed.
Finally, we arrive at system testing, where the software and other system
elements are tested as a whole. To test computer software, we spiral out along
streamlines that broaden the scope of testing with each turn.
8.4 Unit Testing
A unit corresponds to a screen / form in the package. Unit focuses on verification

of the corresponding class or screen. This testing includes testing of control paths,
interfaces, local data structures, logical decisions, boundary conditions, and error
handling. Unit testing may use test drivers, which are control programs to co-
ordinate test case inputs and outputs, and test stubs, which replace low-level
modules. A stub is a dummy subprogram.
Unit testing focuses effort on the smallest unit of software component or module.
Using the component-level design description as a guide. Important control paths
are tested to uncover errors whiten the boundary of the module.
The relative complexity of tests and uncovered errors is limited by the constrained
scope established for unit testing. The unit test is white-box oriented, and the step
can be we performed unit testing in our system to test of small modules, report
generation etc.
With unit testing we generally the white box testing in our all modules, in these all
modules we checks all coding and syntax of modules. So that unit testing is useful
in our system.
8.5 Integration Testing

Integration testing is used to verify the combining of the software modules.
Integration testing addresses the issues associated with the dual problems of
verification and program construction. System testing is used to verify, whether the
developed system meets the requirements.
Installation and Delivery:

Installation and delivery is the process of delivering the developed and
tested software to the customer. Refer the support procedures. Acceptance and
project closure:
Acceptance is the part of the project by which the customer accepts the product.
Thus will be done as per the project closure, once the customer accepts the
product; closure of the project is started. This includes metrics collection, PCD,
etc.
Integration testing is a systematic technique for constructing the program

structure while at the same time conducting the tests to uncover errors associated
with interfacing. In these we are combining all the unit modules and test these all
at the same time.
In our system we integrate all the modules and performed the integration
testing on all those.
In our system, we used three techniques in integration testing:

 Top Down Integration :
Combine the test and debug top level routines that become the
integration test harness for low level units.
 Bottom – Up Integration :
Bottom-Up integration testing begins construction and testing with
atomic modules. Because components are integrated from the bottom up,
processing required for components subordinate to a given level is always
available and the need for studs is eliminated.
A Bottom-Up integration strategy may be implemented with the following steps:

1) Low-level components are combined into clusters that perform a specific
software sub function.
2) A driver (a control program for testing) is written to coordinate test case

input and output.
3) Drivers are removed and clusters are combined moving upward in the
program structure.
8.6 System Testing
In this testing we take the requirements documents as a references to see

whether the software meets all its requirements, goal or not. The objective of the
system testing is to promote software functionality, reliability and maintainability.
System testing is used where the software and the other system elements are testing
as a whole. Its comes at the top level of the testing which is done after completion
of different tests whose primary purpose is to fully exercise computer based
system.
We used some testing in our system such as:

Recovery Testing:
In this system testing we verify that if any failure occurred in our system then
its recover proper or not.
Security Testing:
In this testing, we attempt to verify that protection mechanism of our system. In
our system. In our system we check the security such as login and password
security. If any user want to access our deep information and want to use our
services then he/she must have to be login and other user can’t access or see the
information of the another user.
8.7 Alpha and Beta Testing
 Alpha Testing:
Alpha testing is simulated or actual operational testing by potential
users/customers or an independent test team at the developers’ site. Alpha
testing is often employed for ready software as a form of internal acceptance
testing, before the software goes to beta testing.
 Beta Testing:
Beta testing comes after alpha testing and primarily utilizes black box
tactics, and can be considered a form of external user acceptance testing.
Versions of the software, known as beta versions, are released to a limited

audience outside of the programming team. The software is released to
groups of people so that further testing can ensure the product has few faults
or bugs. Sometimes, beta versions are made available to the open public to
increase the feedback field to maximal number of future users
9. SOFTWARE IMPLMETATION
Implementation is the stage in the project where the theoretical design is turned
into working system. The implementation phase constructs, installs and operates
the new system. The most crucial stage in achieving a new successful system is
that it will work efficiently and effectively. There are several activities invoked
while implementation a new project.
9.1 User Training
The successful implementation of the new system will purely upon the
involvement of the officers working in that department. The officers will be
imparted training on the new technology. User may be trained on the of equipment.
User training is designed to prepare the user for testing and converting the system.
User involvement and training take place parallel with programming for three
reasons:
1) The system groups has time available to spend on training while the
programs are being written.
2) Initiating a user training program gives the system group a clearer image of
the user’s interest in the new system.
3) A trained user participates more effectively in the system testing.
The training programmer should be planned & organized.
Training Programmer Should:

 Identify the user & trainer’s needs.
 Design a comprehensive training programmed.
 Select the best method of instruction.
 Determine whether the system meet the objectives.

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ONLINE VOTING SYSTEM

1.1 UDHNA ACADEMY EDUCATION TRUST

SMT.DIWALIBEN HARJIBHAI GONDALIYA B.C.A & IT-JUNE 2008

S.P.B COLLEGE OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (B.B.A.) – JUNE

R.N. NAIK H.S. SCHOOL (COM.& ARTS) – JUNE 2001

SURAT NATIONAL PRIMARY SCHOOL- JUNE 1968

1.2 Salient Features

 Qualified and Experienced faculty members

 Book Bank Facility

 Well-equipped Text and References Library

 Strong Industry- Institute Interaction through seminars, Guest Lectures,

 Faculty Feedback System to strengthen Teaching-Learning Process

 Indoor and outdoor Co-Curricular & Extra –curricular Activities

 Social Welfare Initiatives in Plantation of trees, Blood Donation Camp, NSS

 NSS Sports as Character Building Activities

 Well equipped computers laboratories with Broadband Internet Connection

 Canteen Facility for Students and staff

 Scholarship to toppers in academics, extra-curricular activities and sports

 Seminars conducted by doctors

1.2 INSTITUTE STRUCTURE /CHART

Udhna Academy Education Trust

Member of the Trust

B.COM B.B.A B.C.A

Dr.Mehul P. Desai Dr. Daisy Thekanlal Dr. Manish kaysth

Teaching Teaching Teaching

System analysis is the process of gathering and interpreting facts, diagnosing

A detailed study of the process must be by various techniques like

3. EXISTING SYSTEM STUDY

3.1 Major Components

 Apply for the candidate :

The result will be declared on website automatically by having the proper

3.2.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

In order to implement a new system the choice of processor with maximum

Speed : 2.0 GHz

Memory : 256 MB RAM

Hard Disk Drive : 40 GB

3.2.2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

Language used : J2EE

Back end : My SQL

Technologies used : JSP, JDBC

Designer tool : HTML

Server : Apache tomcat 5.5.9

To develop application software, we use different types of software. The software

3.3 DRAWBACKS / LIMITATIONS(Existing System)

1) Less Interactive in tradition way of voting.

3) Book Record manually:

Information processing is very lengthy and time consuming. So actual data

5) Security /level is low:

6) Errors during data entry:

7) Loss of registration forms:

4. PROPOSE PROJECT PROFILE

The administrator performs the function of voter and candidate registration,

The main advantages of the new protocol are the following:

1) Public transparency by the administrator (publication of Voter ID key, etc.).

2) Inured to technical troubles like interruption of access, etc, uncomplicated

3) Possibility of configuration for different voting models by policies and Greater

Furthermore it is assumed that a trustworthy Administrator is available. Apart from

1. Planned approach towards working: - The working in the organization will be

4. No Redundancy: - In the proposed system utmost care would be that no