HISTORY OF COMPUTER MOTHERBOARD

DEVELOPMENT

CHAIRMAN : RIKA ELSIA GAURIFA (188510062)

MEMBERS : JANUARNY PURBA (188510078)
NOVITA R.S LUMBAN GAOL (188510028)
FARIDA AYU MANALU (188510043 )
RIDA SUSANTI PANDIA (188510054 )
RANI LINTANG (188510067 )

Study program : introduction to information Technologi

Subjects : science of political governance

Universitas medan area

2019/2020
 INTRODUCTION

We thank god for the Almighty God,who has bestowed our mercy on us so that
we can complete papers on MOTHERBOARD. This paper is organized as much as
possible and cooperates with group members so that it can facilitate the creation
of these meanings. I fully realize that there are still shortcomings in both the
composition and grammar sessions. Therefore we accept all suggestions and
quizzes from the readers so that we can improve this MOTHERBOARD paper.
Akhin said we hope this paper on motherboars can provide benefits and
inspiration to readers.
 CONTENTS

Preface……………………………………….i
Contents……………………………………...ii
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

1. Background……………………………….1
2. Objectives and benefitc…………………...1
CHAPTER II
1.Understanding motherboard……….…..........2
2. Function motherboard…………………...….2
3.Motherboard components……………….......2

CHAPTER III
1. Conclusion………………………......3
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION
GENERAL

In the use of computers there are 3 components involved in intense,that

are hardware (hardware), software (software), and brainware (human). There are
no computer systems and computing activities that do not involve all three components.
One is the hardware that consists of several components. This one is very vital component to
the computer. Processors, graphics cards,harddisk and other devices on the computer will
not work without it, the name ismotherboard.

PURPOSE

Our purpose indiscussing this matter is to find components thatare part of a specific motherboard
to the laymen.

OBJECTIVES OF THIS WRITE

To explain the definition of motherboard
To explain history of motherboard
To explain components of motherboard
To explain the function of motherboard
To explain the damage of motherboard

CHAPTER II

A. DEFINITION OF MOTHERBOARD

The motherboard is the central printed circuit board, called Motherboard because this
component is a major component of the series of CPUs, so the motherboard can be interpreted in
the Indonesian language is the Parent Board or the main board.

As the name implies, the motherboard or mainboard is often also referred to the circuit
board where all the other components are connected. The motherboard is the control center that
regulates the work of all the components installed. Regulate the provision of electrical power on
any PC component. There were many small pieces slot to plug in RAM(Random Access
Memory) and the adapter. There plugged processors.
 The motherboard is sometimes alternatively known as the mainboard, system board,planar
board or, on Apple computers, the logic board. It is also sometimes casually shortened to mobo.

As the time gone, the motherboard has a variety of development accompanied by development of
its components. Where development will be very influence the mechanism of other devices.

B. HISTORY OF MOTHERBOARD

Prior to the advent of the microprocessor, a computer was usually built in a card-cage
case or mainframe with components connected by a backplane consisting of a set of slots
themselves connected with wires; in very old designs the wires were discrete connections
between card connector pins, but printed circuit boards soon became the standard practice.

The Central Processing Unit, memory and peripherals were housed on individual printed
circuit boards which plugged into the backplate. During the late 1980s and 1990s, it became
economical to move an increasing number of peripheral functions onto the motherboard. In the
late 1980s, motherboards began to include single ICs (called Super I/O chips) capable of
supporting a set of low-speed peripherals: keyboard, mouse, floppy disk drive, serial ports, and
parallel ports. As of the late 1990s, many personal computer motherboards supported a full range
of audio, video, storage, and networking functions without the need for any expansion cards at
all; higher-end systems for 3D gaming and computer graphics typically retained only the
graphics card as a separate component.
The early pioneers of motherboard manufacturing were Micronics, Mylex, AMI,
DTK, Hauppauge, Orchid Technology, Elitegroup, DFI, and a number of Taiwan-based
manufacturers.
The most popular computers such as the Apple II and IBM PC had published schematic
diagrams and other documentation which permitted rapid reverse-engineering and third-party
replacement motherboards. Usually intended for building new computers compatible with the
exemplars, many motherboards offered additional performance or other features and were used
to upgrade the manufacturer's original equipment.
Motherboard distinguished on the form and layout of the circuit is commonly called the form
factor. From its shape, the motherboard are usually divided into two, namely the model
of desktop (monitorplaced on the CPU) and the model tower (monitor placed next to theCPU).
While based on the form factors are used, the motherboarddistinguished on two big
groups: ATX (Advanced Technology -introduced by IBM in 1984) and non ATX.

C. COMPONENTS OF MOTHERBOARD
Modern motherboards include :

Microprocessor or processor is a chip that serves as the brains of a PC.

Power Connector is a pin which connect the motherboard with power supply in casing of a
computer
 chipset which forms an interface between the CPU's front-side bus, main memory, and
peripheral buses
a clock generator which produces the system clock signal to synchronize the various
components
Southbridge
Under the southbridge chipset heatsink that there are functions to perform input and output
regulation of several components such as hard drives, optical drives, USB ports, and PCI Express
expansion slots. Along with the many demands of the process to be done, so now it comes with
the chipset heatsink to be more stable.
Northbridge
Located under the Chipset heatsink fan is equipped with working with the southbridge chipset to
make arrangements for a video card, processor, and memory. At this chipset has several new
features that can deliver high speed ports for LAN connections and added extra PCI Express.
Soket and slot of processor to plug your processor
Floppy and IDE connector to connect the motherboard with storage devices
AGP 4X slot for graphic card
Standby Power LED as reminder for turn off the system power before turn on or turn off
the machine.
non-volatile memory chips (usually Flash ROM in modern motherboards) containing the
system's firmware or BIOS
PCI slots
PS/2 Mouse Port
Port Paralel dan Serial
RJ-45 Port
Line in jack and out jack for audio
Microphone jack
USB 2.0 port 1 dan port 2
USB 2.0 port 3 dan port 4
Video Graphics Adapter Port (VGA)
Keyboard connector
Printer slot
BIOS
When you first turn on the PC, the motherboard will boot and run code that contains the
Basic Input Ouput System (BIOS), BIOS will run some tests to prepare for all the hardware and
then run the operating system. BIOS itself is stored in Flash RAM with a capacity of about 2-4
MB, and chanced upon this example has two motherboard BIOS.
Batere CMOS as stopgap of power suply.
Expansion slots
Some of the latest motherboards are now equipped with a mix of PCI and PCI Express expansion
slot. As for the PCI Express there are usually two types, namely PCI Express 16x that serves to
replace the AGP and PCI Express 1x slot is the smallest size and will be used as a substitute for
the existing PCI slot for modem support and some other input device.
Additional Components
Some motherboard manufacturers usually equip chipset motherboard with some optional, like
the Silicon Image SATA RAID, FireWire Controller Texas Instruments, and two Broadcom
 Gigabit LAN controller. Some chipsets can be used to support the connectivity that requires a
higher transfer rate.

D. FUNCTION OF MOTHERBOARD

The motherboard or mainboard is the board / main board where the main components
such as microprocessors and memory (RAM, ROM, BIOS) chip along with other controllers.
There is also SLOT Expansion is the place to put the cards additional functions to improve the
facilities and capabilities required. Microprocessor mounted on the socket / slot corresponding to
the shape and size of the microprocessor, such as socket 370, 470, LGA 775, socket A 462
(AMD), the socket slot I (Pentium 2 and 3). On the motherboard, microprocessor communicates
with other components via a bus or data path. This bus has evolved from the bus 66, 100, 133,
200, 266, 333, 400, 500, 800 MHz. This development was to compensate for the microprocessor
work faster. Expansion slot also experiencing growth. Usually table of diagram has been
included on the motherboard when you buy a CPU / Mainboard .Processor or CPU (central
processing unit) has the function to read and interpret instructions, does execution, and storing
the results in memory. CPU data bus that is used has a 16.32 or 64 bit.

E. SORT OF MOTHERBOARD
Various sorts of Motherboard :
a. AMD Motherboard
b. VIA Motherboard
c. ATX Motherboard
d. INTEL Motherboard
e. ASUS Motherboard

F. MOTHERBARD DAMAGE
If the PC is often times show an attorney-alamatan complicated, or displaying an error
message, emits a continuous beep uniformly or irregularly, the PC is probably in trouble,
This type of damage can be categorized into two categories :
a) Damage to Hardware:
Problems with hardware components need to be serious because of the difficulty of
handling localized and removed without the proper tools, skills and experiences that support.
Explanation will revolve around the problems that often occur along with how to cope.
b) Damage to the Mother Board
Symptoms:
 Once turned on, no display on the monitor, the indicator light (LED) on the front panel is
lit, the indicator light (LED) flashing monitors, power supply fan and processor fan spins, no
beep sound at the speaker.
Solution:
The first step, loose all power cables which connected to the electrical, data cable to the monitor,
keyboard cable / mouse, and all the cables which connected to the CPU, then cashing out all the
screw covers. In an open case please also remove other components, ie the voltage of power
supply cables are connected to the motherboard, hard drive, floppy, be careful not to rush the
process. So is the card attached to the Motherboard (VGA, Sound Card or other). Now attached
to the motherboard just cashing it. Please check carefully the motherboard, see Chip (IC), Elko,
transistor and others if there is a fire.
If there are no signs of burnt components likely motherboard is still good, but sometimes when
motherboard does not work because of program damage which contained in the BIOS,

CHAPTER III

CONCLUSION
Based on the materials we have discussed, we draw the following conclusion:
The motherboard is one component of the series of computer,components
are called Motherborad because this component is a major component of the series of CPUs, so
the motherboard can be interpreted in the Indonesian language is the Parent Board or the
main board which has slots for other components, so that the components are connected to each
other and work together well.