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Heat Exchanger Design Analysis

This document summarizes the design of a heat exchanger (HE-1) that transfers heat from a hot stream at 234°C to a methanol stream at 25°C and 1 bar. It provides properties of the two streams and specifications for the inner and outer tubes. An energy balance calculation determines the outlet temperature of the hot stream will be 150°C. Calculations are shown to determine the heat transfer coefficients, overall heat transfer coefficient, required heat exchange surface area, and tube length. The pressure drops of both streams are also calculated. The design calls for one hairpin tube with a length of 7 meters to achieve the necessary heat transfer.

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BITTU MEENA
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110 views4 pages

Heat Exchanger Design Analysis

This document summarizes the design of a heat exchanger (HE-1) that transfers heat from a hot stream at 234°C to a methanol stream at 25°C and 1 bar. It provides properties of the two streams and specifications for the inner and outer tubes. An energy balance calculation determines the outlet temperature of the hot stream will be 150°C. Calculations are shown to determine the heat transfer coefficients, overall heat transfer coefficient, required heat exchange surface area, and tube length. The pressure drops of both streams are also calculated. The design calls for one hairpin tube with a length of 7 meters to achieve the necessary heat transfer.

Uploaded by

BITTU MEENA
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Design of HE-1

Hot stream (234⁰C)

Methanol (58⁰C, 1
bar)

Methanol (25 ⁰C, 1 bar)

T =?

Properties of both streams

Property Methanol Hot Stream


Cp (KJ/Kg ⁰C) 2.47 1.996

ᵨ (Kg/m3) 486.14 0.6


K (W/mK) 0.285 0.0108
µ (mN /m2s) 0.8 0.282
Mass flow rate (Kg/hr) 143.6 189.36

The following data is available

Inner tube:

i.d. = 50 mm, o.d. = 55 mm

Wall thickness = 5 mm

Thermal Conductivity of the tube wall = 74.5 W/mK

Outer tube:
i.d. = 75 mm, o.d. = 55.5

Using energy balance to calculate the out temperature of the hot stream,

143.6*2.47*(380-60) = 189.36*1.996*(450-T2)

T2 = 150 ⁰C

(450−380)−(150−60)
LMTD = 450−380
log( )
150−60

LMTD = 79.58⁰C

Methanol tube side:

mmethanol= 143.6/3600 = 0.0316 Kg/s

Tube-Side Calculations:
𝜋
Flow area = 4 ∗ 0.052 = 1.96*10-4 m2

0.0526
Velocity (ut) = = 44.72 m/s
0.6∗1.96∗10−4

0.05∗44.72∗0.6
Reynolds number, Re = =4757.4
0.34∗10−3

Cp∗µ 1.99∗1000∗2.82∗10−4
Prandlt number, Pr = K
= 0.0108
= 51.96

Now laminar flow therefore using D.B. equation,


hi∗di
Nu = K
= 0.023 * Re0.8* Pr0.3

0.0108∗4757.40.8 ∗4.57.9640.3
hi = 0.055
= 561.9 W/m2⁰C

Outside Calculations:
𝜋
Flow area = 4 ∗ (0.0752 − 0.0552 ) = 2.04*10-3 m2

Wetted perimeter = 𝜋 ∗ (di + do) = 3.142 * (0.075+0.0554) = 0.2086 m

Hydraulic diameter = dH = 4*A/P = 0.019 m


143.6
Product flow rate = 3600∗486.14 = 8.2*10-5 m3/s

Velocity (vshell) = 0.041 m/s


0.019∗0.041∗486.14
Reynolds number, Re = 0.8∗10−3
= 473.4
Cp∗µ 2.47∗1000∗0.8∗10−3
Prandlt number, Pr = K
= 0.285
= 6.93

Calculate ho take Pr0.4 for cooling

ho∗do
Nu = K
= 0.023 * Re0.8 * Pr0.4

0.285∗0473.40.8 ∗6.930.4
ho = 0.019
= 4493.51W/m2⁰C

Calculating overall H.T.C (outside area basis)

K = 74.2W/mK

𝐷𝑜 −1
𝐷𝑜 log ( ) 1 𝑅 ∗ 𝐷
𝐷𝑖 𝐷 𝑜
𝑈𝐷 = ( + 𝐷𝑜 ∗ + + 𝑖 + 𝑅𝐷𝑜 )
ℎ𝑖 ∗ 𝐷𝑖 2∗𝐾 ℎ𝑜 𝐷𝑖

UD = 375.35 W/m2K

Required surface area, given by,

𝑞 = 𝑈𝐷 ∗ 𝐴 ∗ ∆𝑇𝑙𝑚
31.52∗1000
A=
375.4∗79.58

A = 1.055 m2

Tube length, I = 1.055/( 𝜋 ∗ 0.055) = 6.1 m

The actual length of hairpin ≈ 3.5 m

Tube length = 7 m

Hence, one hairpin is required.

Calculation of pressure drop (tube side)

𝑓 ∗ 𝐺𝑡2 ∗ 𝐿 ∗ 𝑛
∆𝑃𝑡 =
2 ∗ 𝑔 ∗ 𝜌𝑡 ∗ 𝑑𝑖 ∗ ∅𝑡

f = 0.3673*Re-0.2314 = 0.0517

0.0517 ∗ 0.05262 ∗ 7
∆𝑃𝑡 =
(1.96 ∗ 10−3 )2 ∗ 2 ∗ 9.81 ∗ 0.6 ∗ 0.05
∆𝑃𝑡 = 442.82 Kg/m2

Shell-Side pressure drop

fs=0.3678 ∗ (473.4)−0.2314 = 0.088

𝑓𝑠 ∗ 𝐺𝑠2 ∗ 𝐿 ∗ 𝑛
∆𝑃𝑠 =
2 ∗ 𝑔 ∗ 𝜌𝑠 ∗ 𝐷𝐻 ∗ ∅

143.6 2
0.088 ∗ ( 3600 ) ∗ 7
∆𝑃𝑠 =
2 ∗ 9.81 ∗ 486.14 ∗ 0.019 ∗ (2.04 ∗ 10−3 )2

∆𝑃𝑠 = 1.33 Kg/m2

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