1 - MANILA GAS vs. CIR - Pablo

MANILA GAS CORPORATION vs.
CIR ISSUE / RATIO

G.R. No. L-42780 | Jan. 17, 1936 | J. Malcolm
1. WON MANILA GAS is liable for paying income tax – NO, but its
 MANILA GAS operates a gas plant in the Manila and furnishes gas service to stockholders are.
the people of the Manila and its surrounding municipalities by virtue of a
franchise granted by the PH Government.  A corporation has a personality distinct from that of its stockholders
 Associated with MANILA GAS are: o This enables the taxing power to reach the latter when they receive
o ISLAND GAS domiciled in New York, USA, and dividends from the corporation.
o GENERAL FINANCE COMPANY domiciled in Zurich, Switzerland.  Dividends of a domestic corporation, which are paid and delivered in cash to
 Neither of these corporations is resident in the Philippines. foreign corporations as stockholders, are subject to the payment of income tax
despite the exemption clause in the charter of the corporation.
 For 1930, 1931, and 1932, dividends worth P1.3M were paid by MANILA GAS
to ISLAND GAS as their stockholders. 2. WON the payments received by ISLAND GAS and GENERAL FINANCE,
o The CIR collected withholding income taxes worth P40K corporations not domiciled in the PH are subject to PH taxation – YES
 For the same years, interest on bonds worth P400K was paid by MANILA GAS
to ISLAND GAS.  MANILA GAS operates its business entirely within the Philippines.
o The CIR collected withholding income taxes worth P12K o Its earnings, therefore come from local sources.
 Also for the same years, interest on other indebtedness worth P130K was paid  The place of material delivery of the interest to the foreign corporations paid out
by MANILA GAS to the ISLAND GAS and GENERAL FINANCE. of the revenue of the domestic corporation is of no particular moment.
o The CIR collected withholding income taxes worth P4K o The place of payment even if conceded to be outside of the country
 Overall, the CIR collected P56K from MANILA GAS. cannot alter the fact that the income was derived from the Philippines
 (The SC said it was not clear as to where the payments were
 Thus, MANILA GAS filed an action against the CIR for the recovery of P56K made, some records show US some show Switzerland).
 CFI: Dismissed the case o The word "source" conveys only one idea, that of origin, and the origin
of the income was the Philippines.
MANILA GAS’ ARGUMENTS  The approved doctrine is that no state may tax anything not within its jurisdiction
 The CFI erred in holding that the dividends paid by MANILA GAS were subject without violating the due process clause of the constitution.
to income tax in the hands of its stockholders. o The taxing power of a state does not extend beyond its territorial limits,
o Because to impose the tax thereon would be to impose a tax on the but within such it may tax persons, property, income, or business.
MANILA GAS, in violation of the terms of its franchise, and would,  If an interest in property is taxed, the situs of either the property or interest
moreover, be oppressive and inequitable. must be found within the state.
o The particular portion of the franchise which is invoked provides:  If an income is taxed, the recipient thereof must have a domicile within the
The grantee shall annually on the fifth day of January of each year pay to the City of
state or the property or business out of which the income issues must be
Manila and the municipalities in the Province of Rizal in which gas is sold, two and one situated within the state so that the income may be said to have a situs
half per centum of the gross receipts within said city and municipalities, respectively, therein.
during the preceding year. Said payment shall be in lieu of all taxes, Insular, provincial
and municipal, except taxes on the real estate, buildings, plant, machinery, and other
o Personal property may be separated from its owner, and he may be
personal property belonging to the grantee. taxed on its account at the place where the property is although it is not
the place of his own domicile and even though he is not a citizen or
 The interest on bonds and other indebtedness of MANILA GAS, paid by it resident of the state which imposes the tax.
outside of the Philippines to corporations not residing therein, were not, on the o But debts owing by corporations are obligations of the debtors, and only
part of the recipients thereof, income from Philippine sources, and hence not possess value in the hands of the creditors.
subject to Philippine income tax.
CFI AFIRMED
PABLO
DISSENTS case the provision of our Organic Law that "no law impairing the obligation of
contracts shall be enacted" is involved.
1. J. Villa-real
 The exemption clause to be found in MANILA GAS’ charter is broader in scope

than that of PHILIPPINE TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMPANY, thus
making inapplicable the decision of the SC in PTTC vs. CIR
2. J. Abad Santos
 The dividends paid by the appellant corporation to its stockholders were a part
of its earnings and as such not subject to tax under the terms of the franchise.
o The franchise in this case is a contract, the obligation of which can not
be impaired.
3. C.J. Avancena
 I do not agree with the majority opinion with respect to the appellant's second
assignment of error, which in my opinion should be sustained.
 The question involved in this error has been clearly decided by this court in the
case of MANILA RAILROAD vs. CIR.
o In said case it was held that interest on bonds purchased outside the
Philippine Islands by non-residents of the Islands cannot be considered
derived from sources within the Islands.
o The amendment of the law introduced by Act no. 3761 as to the place
of payment of interest does not affect the aspect of the question raised
in this error if the interest on which the tax in the present case has been
collected is not derived from sources within the Islands, as it is not so in
fact, in accordance with the doctrine laid down in said case.
4. J. Goddard
 The doctrine of the Farrington Case is now the settled rule of the highest court
of the United States.
 The first assignment of error should therefore be sustained.
o In both cases the State covenanted that the tax specified in the
franchise should be in lieu of all other taxes.
o In both cases the additional tax which the tax authorities sought to
impose was a revenue tax.
o In both cases the tax provided for in the franchise was paid by the
corporation, and the tax which the authorities attempted to collect were
imposed on the stockholders.
 In the Farrington case the provision in the Federal Constitution that "No State
shall ... pass any ... law impairing the obligation of contracts" was applied; in this

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MANILA GAS CORPORATION vs.

CIR ISSUE / RATIO

 The exemption clause to be found in MANILA GAS’ charter is broader in scope

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