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Energy Management Systems For Microgrids

Energy management systems (EMS) are essential for optimizing microgrid operations and scheduling. An EMS monitors energy generation, usage, costs, and other factors to minimize costs and emissions while meeting demand. It can control microgrid elements like distributed generators, energy storage, and loads. Challenges include renewable intermittency and communication requirements. Advancements in network and computer technologies are improving EMS functions with tools like 3D visualization, artificial intelligence, and improved optimization algorithms.

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1K views17 pages

Energy Management Systems For Microgrids

Energy management systems (EMS) are essential for optimizing microgrid operations and scheduling. An EMS monitors energy generation, usage, costs, and other factors to minimize costs and emissions while meeting demand. It can control microgrid elements like distributed generators, energy storage, and loads. Challenges include renewable intermittency and communication requirements. Advancements in network and computer technologies are improving EMS functions with tools like 3D visualization, artificial intelligence, and improved optimization algorithms.

Uploaded by

Aish
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Energy Management

Systems
For
Microgrids
A brief overview of the
● Need
● Benefits
● Design and Implementation
● Challenges
● Future scenario
What is Energy Management?
Energy management is the essential task in:

1. optimal scheduling for managing generation dispatch


2. saving energy
3. reducing system losses,
4. supporting reactive power
5. mitigating greenhouse gas emissions
6. increasing reliability and efficiency of an microgrid
7. operation, maintenance and degradation costs of a battery
8. penalty cost of the load shedding
What is Energy Management System?
● EMS is a solution that puts the customer or user in control of their energy consumption
through continuous monitoring of the energy flow through dedicated software
● EMS is an automated system and it mainly is used for microgrid scheduling
management centre.
● With the help of EMS software one can monitor the different areas of various
departments which are consuming high energy to take preventive and precautionary
measures
● EMS is capable to collect store and analyse the collected data from different remote
monitoring devices to manage electrical cost associated with electrical system
Objectives of an EMS
The main objectives of the energy management system are to optimize the operation, energy
scheduling, and system reliability in both is-landed and grid-connected microgrids for
sustainable development.

1. Send signals to customers when behavioral changes are promoted.


2. EMS accumulates all sorts of infolike power generation, energy
consumption,cost-function etc and determines the optimal energy scheduling of the
microgrid.
3. It aims to optimize scheduling, reduce energy consumption, and minimize emissions.
4. Microgrids are generally composed of distributed energy re-sources, demand response,
electric vehicles, local controllers,microgrid energy management system-based central
controller,and communication devices
What are microgrids?
An increasing concern over environmental impacts of fossil fuels and sustainability of
energy resources is leading to significant changes in the electric power systems.
Decentralized power generation, in particular, is emerging as one of the most effective
and promising tools in addressing these concerns.
Microgrids are small-scale electricity grids with elements of load, generation and storage.
Microgrids have emerged as an essential building block of a future smart grid, and an
enabling technology for distributed power generation and control. Here, we present an
optimization-based approach for the design and control of energy management systems
(EMS) for electric microgrids.
Components of Microgrids

1. Distributed generator
2. Distributed energy storage
3. Controllable loads
4. Critical load
5. Point of common coupling
Control of Microgrids

● Supply and demand control


● Droop control
● Decentralized control
● Centralised control
Decentralised microgrid EMS
● Constitutes a framework which micro generator company is regulated by one or more
local controllers
● The local controllers have the intelligence to make operational decisions on their own
without receiving the control signals from a master control in the centralised EMS
EMS for Microgrids
● It can store both power and energy devices within the microgrid
● Microgrid is the advanced more distributed generation composed of distributed power
supply to store energy
● EMS can use location information to meet the local need of heat, cold, electric demand
and quality of power Grid

Major functions of microgrid EMS

● Providing their own power and voltage said values


● Meeting the demand of the electric load
● Minimising emissions
● Reducing system losses
● Increasing efficiency of micro grid
Design and Implementation
In order to overcome the challenges of microgrid management designing of EMS is required.

● By integrating DERs and controllable loads within the distribution network, the
microgrid is capable of operating either in a grid-connected mode or in an islanded
mode.
● A microgrid EMS must be flexible from the software point of view to accommodate
brand-new applications easily
● The microgrid platform prototype is developed in a resource-oriented architecture
(ROA) style. Most previous microgrid systems have been implemented in a multi-agent
system architecture or a service-oriented architecture (SOA) style that functions well in
a homogeneous, proprietary, and server-centered system environment.
● The microgrid platform as an energy management system in a microgrid must be able
to communicate with external systems such as a demand response server.
FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR A MICROGRID EMS:
● Forecasting energy activities
● Making a Control Decision for Optimal Operations
● Analysis on Energy Data
● Human–Machine Interface
● Engineering Challenges in Communications
Challenges
● Dynamic energy supply
● Renewable energy intermittency
● Communication requirements
● Other uncertainties
Advancements in EMS
Continuous development of network technology and increasing progress of computer
technology the functions of microgrid ems are constantly updated and improved

● Information integration
● Application of 3D visualisation technique
● Application of artificial intelligence technology
Future scenario
● A microgrid EMS circuit level controller was proposed and simulated in a thesis by
employing a nite state machine. This approach ensured a very reliable control algorithm
with fast response time. The faults could be detected and cleared in a fraction of a
cycle, such the transition between islanded and grid connected operation would be
imperceptible to the loads in the microgrid.
● The EMS optimization algorithm could be further improved by adding a term that
represent the cost of each charge and discharge of battery to prevent excessive
activities that could shorten the battery life. Such algorithms can be integrated with
optimization-based power flow control method for real time energy management in
the microgrid.
● Grid level aggregator for microgrid could be studied in the future, in order to provide
services such as power regulation, peak demand generation and spin reserve, to the
grid.

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