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The Internet, World Wide Web, & Web Browsing

The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers. It includes tools like the World Wide Web, email, instant messaging, social networking, blogs, search engines, e-commerce, and cloud computing. The ARPANET was an early network funded by the US government. Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn developed the TCP/IP protocols still used today. Internet connections can be made via dial-up, broadband, DSL, cable, or satellite. Internet service providers connect individuals and groups to the Internet. Web browsers allow users to access websites composed of web pages with URLs. Hyperlinks connect pages within sites.

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42 views2 pages

The Internet, World Wide Web, & Web Browsing

The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers. It includes tools like the World Wide Web, email, instant messaging, social networking, blogs, search engines, e-commerce, and cloud computing. The ARPANET was an early network funded by the US government. Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn developed the TCP/IP protocols still used today. Internet connections can be made via dial-up, broadband, DSL, cable, or satellite. Internet service providers connect individuals and groups to the Internet. Web browsers allow users to access websites composed of web pages with URLs. Hyperlinks connect pages within sites.

Uploaded by

Aregawi Gebreyesus
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Internet, World Wide Web, & Web Browsing

Basic Internet Terminologies


 Internet (the “Net”) – a large collection of computers all over the world that are connected to one another.
A network of networks. Tools and resources used on the Internet (the “NET”) include:
o World Wide Web (the “Web”) – used to organize resources on the Internet for easy access.
o Electronic Mail (E-mail) – used to communicate electronically with people all over the world.
o Instant Messaging (IM) – allows direct, live communication.
o Social Networking – connects people and organizations to share common interests or activities.
o Web log (Blog) – contains personal logs or journal entries posted on the Web.
o Search Engines – helps to locate information on the Web and the Internet.
o Electronic Commerce (E-Commerce) – buying and selling of goods over the Internet.
o Cloud Computing – uses the Internet to shift computer activities of individuals or organizations
to the Internet.
 ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) – the first “internetworking” project funded
by the US government for the military to allow computers to communicate reliably over long distances.
 “Fathers” of the Internet – Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn were primarily responsible for developing
communication protocols or standards (TCP/IP) still in use on the Internet today.
o TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) – rules that networked computers use to establish and
break connections.
o IP (Internet Protocol) – rules for routing individual data packets (small chunks of data).
 Internet Protocol (IP) addresses – sets of four numbers separated by dots (e.g., 123.45.245.91) which are
the means by which computers on the Internet identify each other.
 Internet Connections – means to connect computers to the Internet. They include:
o Dial-up connection – uses standard telephone lines to connect to the Internet.
o Broadband connections – uses cable, satellite, and DSL for faster connections to the Internet.
 DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) – uses standard telephone lines for faster internet
connections.
 Cable – uses a television’s cable service provider to connect to the Internet.
 Satellite – uses a satellite dish to connect to the Internet.
 Internet Service Provider – national, regional, or local companies that connect individuals, groups, and
other companies to the Internet.
 Web browsers – software that allows locating, viewing, and navigating the Web. E.g., Internet Explorer,
Netscape Navigator, Mozilla Firefox, etc.
 Web site – a location on the Web.
 Web page (Home page) – the main page of a Web site.
 Uniform Resource Locator (URL) – a Web site’s address. Parts of a URL include: protocol, domain
name (server, business name, domain type), and path (folder, file). E.g.,
http://www.uakron.edu/courses/icas.html
o Protocol – standard used to communicate on the web. E.g., http, ftp, etc
 HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) – allows text transfers on the Web. The default
protocol used on the Web.
 FTP (File Transfer Protocol) – allows file transfers on the Web.
o Domain name – name assigned to a Web site. Includes the server name, business name and
domain type. E.g., www.uakron.edu
o Path – path within a Web site that contains the folder name and file name. E.g.,
/courses/icas.html
 Hyperlink (Link) – text, graphics, or other elements that connect to additional data on the Web.
 HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) – a computer language that marks text with a set of tags.

Email
Basic Email Concepts
 Electronic mail (E-mail) – used to communicate electronically with people all over the world.
o Client-based e-mail – dependent on an e-mail account provided by and ISP and using client
software like MS Outlook or Netscape Mail for configuration.
o Web-based e-mail – uses the Internet as the client to help access e-mail account from any
computer with access to the Web. No special client software needed.
 E-mail server – processes and delivers incoming and outgoing e-mail. Functions as the postal carrier.
 Viruses – malicious codes or programs that are usually installed on your computer without your knowledge
 Worms – similar to viruses that spread across computers by borrowing into email address without any
human interaction
 Trojan horses – usually come with free installed software like screensavers to cause problems similar to
viruses and worms
 Spyware – designed to capture personal and confidential information on your computer to send it
elsewhere
o Adware – spyware that tracks users’ Internet browsing to install malicious cookies on computers
 Cookie – small text file with information to identify users on a Web site
o Key loggers – spyware that records every keystroke on a computer to capture all sorts of
confidential information like passwords, credit card numbers, etc
 Spam – unwanted or junk e-mail sent by companies that finds e-mails from either a purchased list or
software that looks for e-mail addresses on the Internet.
 Internet hoaxes – contain untrue information and chain e-mail letters.
 Phishing – lures users into revealing personal information that could lead to identify theft.

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