Scribd
Upload
32 views2 pages

Assignment 2

1. The document contains the instructions for Assignment No. 2 in the course Elements of set theory & Mathematical logic. It includes 22 proof problems involving integers, divisibility, sums, products, and inequalities that must be solved using the method of direct proof. 2. Some of the proofs involve finding mistakes in invalid proofs and providing correct proofs. Topics include proving statements about integers being even or odd, composites, irrationals, and expressions being divisible by certain numbers. 3. Students must use direct proof to show various mathematical relationships and properties for integers.

Uploaded by

HS Official
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
32 views2 pages

Assignment 2

1. The document contains the instructions for Assignment No. 2 in the course Elements of set theory & Mathematical logic. It includes 22 proof problems involving integers, divisibility, sums, products, and inequalities that must be solved using the method of direct proof. 2. Some of the proofs involve finding mistakes in invalid proofs and providing correct proofs. Topics include proving statements about integers being even or odd, composites, irrationals, and expressions being divisible by certain numbers. 3. Students must use direct proof to show various mathematical relationships and properties for integers.

Uploaded by

HS Official
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

ASSIGNMENT NO.

2(Method of proof)

Teacher Name: Dr. Shehraz Akhtar Class: BS(Math) Semester: 1st

Course Title: Elements of set theory & Mathematical logic Course code: Math-1103

1. Use the method of direct proof to prove that:


(a) The product of two odd integers is an odd integer.
(b) The sum of two even integers is an even integer.
(c) If n is an odd integer, then 5n2  11 is an even integer.
(d) If n is an even integer, then 3n2  4n  5 is an odd integer.
(e) If n is an even integer, then 5n 3 is an even integer.
(f) If n  and 7n  3 is odd, then n is even.
2. Find the mistake in the “proof” of the following result, and provide a correct proof.
Result. If m is an even integer and n is an odd integer, then 2m + 3n is an odd
integer.
Proof. Since m is an even integer and n is an odd integer, m = 2k and n = 2k + 1
for some integer k. Therefore,
2m + 3n = 2(2k) + 3(2k + 1) = 10k + 3 = 2(5k + 1) + 1 = 2l + 1;
where l = 5k + 1. Since k  , l  . Hence, 2m + 3n = 2l + 1 for some integer l,
whence 2m + 3n is an odd integer.
3. Find the mistake in the “proof ” of the following result, and provide a correct proof.
Result. For all integers n  1, n 2  2n  1 is composite.
Proof. Let n = 4. Then, n 2  2n  1  42  2  4   1  25 and 25 is composite.
4. Let n  . Prove that if 5n + 3 is odd, then n is even.
5. Let x  . Prove that if 11x- 3 is even, then x is odd.
6. Let n  . Prove that if 5n + 3 is odd, then 7n + 4 is even.
7. Let n  . Prove that if 7n + 4 is even, then 3n -5 is odd.
8. Prove that the product of two consecutive integers is an even integer.
9. Prove that the square of any integer has the form 3k or 3k + 1 for some integer k.
10. Prove that the square of any integer has the form 4k or 4k + 1 for some integer k.
11. Prove that every prime number greater than 3 has the form 6k +1 or 6k +5 for some
integer k.
12. Prove that the product of an irrational number and a nonzero rational number is
irrational.
13. Prove that 2  3 is irrational.
14. Find a counterexample to the statement that for every rational number r and every
irrational number s, we have that r/s is irrational.
 n(n  1) 
2

15. Prove that for all integers n  1, 1  2    n  


3 3 3
 .
 2 
.
n(n  1)(n  2)
16. Prove that for all integers n  1, 1 2  2 3   n  n  1  .
3
1 1 1 n
17. Prove that for all integers n  1,      .
12 23 n  n  1 n  1
.
18. Prove that for all integers n  0 , 5n + 3 is divisible by 4.
19. Prove that for all integers n  0 , 43n  1 is divisible by 9.
20. Prove that for all integers n  0 , n3  7n  3 is divisible by 3.
21. Prove that for all integers n  5 , 2n  n 2 .
22. Prove that for all integers n  2 , n 3  2n  1 .

You might also like