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Adaptive Filter Text: Digital Signal Processing by Li Tan, Chapter 10

The document discusses adaptive filters and their applications. Adaptive filters are digital filters that can automatically adjust their filter coefficients to adapt to changing input signals via an adaptive algorithm. This allows them to meet changing signal and noise conditions unlike conventional digital filters which have fixed coefficients. Some key applications of adaptive filters mentioned are signal enhancement, active noise control, noise cancellation, and telephone echo cancellation. An example of a noise canceller using two microphones and an adaptive filter to predict and cancel noise is also described.

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124 views21 pages

Adaptive Filter Text: Digital Signal Processing by Li Tan, Chapter 10

The document discusses adaptive filters and their applications. Adaptive filters are digital filters that can automatically adjust their filter coefficients to adapt to changing input signals via an adaptive algorithm. This allows them to meet changing signal and noise conditions unlike conventional digital filters which have fixed coefficients. Some key applications of adaptive filters mentioned are signal enhancement, active noise control, noise cancellation, and telephone echo cancellation. An example of a noise canceller using two microphones and an adaptive filter to predict and cancel noise is also described.

Uploaded by

Jiachyi Yeoh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ETN3096

Digital Signal Processing

Adaptive Filter
Chapter 6

Text: Digital Signal Processing


by Li Tan, Chapter 10
Conventional Digital Filter

• A digital filter perform weighted averaging of


the input signal
• Consider FIR filter
• y[n] = w0x[n] + w1x[n-1] (a 2 tap FIR filter)
Conventional Digital Filter

• A digital filter perform weighted averaging of


the input signal
• Consider FIR filter
• y[n] = w0x[n] + w1x[n-1] (a 2 tap FIR filter)
• The filter coefficients w0 and w1 are fixed when
deployed
• Frequency response is thus fixed
• Not able to meet changing signal and noise
Adaptive Filter

• A digital filter that automatically adjusts its


coefficients to adapt to input signal via an
adaptive algorithm
• Adaptive filters used for
• adaptation of signal-changing environments,
• unknown or time-varying noise.
• Spectral overlap between noise and signal
Adaptive Filter

• Adaptive filters used for


– Spectral overlap between noise and signal
Adaptive Filter

• Applications:
– Signal enhancement
– Active noise control
– Noise cancellation
– Telephone echo cancellation
Noise Canceller Example

• Use 2 microphones
• Microphone 1 detect useful signal and noise
• Microphone 2 detect pure noise from a
different source
• Adaptive filter predict the noise detected
in microphone 1 based on measured
noise in microphone 2
Simple Noise Canceller
Filtering Operation
Filtering Operation

w(n)
Filtering Operation
Wiener Filter and LMS Algorithm
Least Mean Square (LMS) Algorithm
Least Mean Square (LMS) Algorithm

• Example
Steepest Descent Algorithm

• Update w step by step to incrementally reduce


J
• More easier to implement
Steepest Descent Algorithm
LMS Algorithm for Single Tap
Adaptive FIR Filter

𝑤𝑛+1 = 𝑤𝑛 + 2𝜇𝑒 𝑛 𝑥(𝑛)


Adaptive FIR Filter
Filtering Effect on Signal Spectrum

• FIR Adaptive Filter (2 taps)


Application of Adaptive Filter
Application of Adaptive Filter

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