MATHEMATICS 21 PROBLEM SET 4 1ST SEMESTER, AY 2018-2019

GRAPHING, WORD PROBLEMS to be submitted 2018 OCTOBER 26

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS: Take the second-to-the-last digit of your student number; call it x. Let y be
one more than the remainder when x is divided by 2; let z be one more than the remainder when x is divided by 5.
• Justify all answers and work independently. Submit your answers to the following items:

– Part I, II, III, Item y – Part IV, V, VI, VII, Item z

• Keep all solutions clean, coherent and organized. Solutions and answers shall be written using black or
blue non-erasable ink. All final non-graphical answers shall be boxed .

• Submit all papers containing your solutions on October 26, before 6pm. Submissions may be made at
the end of the class period, or at MBAn 218. NO SUBMISSIONS VIA E-MAIL.

• Any infraction of the above rules will merit consequences for the entire class.

I. (Graphing Rational Functions) Given the following functions, provide the following:

• the domain and intercepts of f ; (2 pts)

• all linear asymptotes of f , and a verification using limits: (3 pts)
• the critical numbers and x-coordinates of the possible points of inflection of f ; (2 pts)
• the table of signs for f 0 and f 00 ; (2 pts)
• the intervals where f is increasing or decreasing; (2 pts)
• the intervals where f is concave up or concave down; (2 pts)
• the x-coordinates of the relative extrema points and points of inflection of f ; and (2 pts)
• a sketch of the graph of f , with labels on all intercepts, asymptotes, extrema and POIs. (3 pts)

x+2 0 2(x + 3) 00 6(x + 4)

1. f (x) = 3
, f (x) = − 4
, f (x) =
x x x5
x 3 2 2
x (x − 27) 00 18x(x2 + 27)
2. f (x) = 2 , f 0 (x) = , f (x) =
x −9 (x2 − 9)2 (x2 − 9)3

II. (f from f 0 ) Follow the instructions in Part I, except finding the intercepts and asymptotes, for the function f
with the corresponding derivative of f 0 given below. Assume f is continuous everywhere. (12 pts)

1. If y = 1: 2. If y = 2:

y y
(−1, 2)
2 2

(−1, 0) x (−4, −0) (−3, 0) x

−6 −4 −2 (1, 0) 2 (3, 0) 6 −6 −4 −2 (1, 0) 2 4 6

−2 −2
(−3, −2)

(0, −3)
−4 −4

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 MATHEMATICS 21 PROBLEM SET 4 1ST SEMESTER, AY 2018-2019
GRAPHING, WORD PROBLEMS to be submitted 2018 OCTOBER 26

III. (Boomerang) I hurl a boomerang, such that its distance from the origin is given by s(t). Provide the following:

• the instantaneous velocity and acceleration of the boomerang at any time t; (2 pts)
• a table showing the intervals of time when the boomerang is moving to the left or to the right, the
intervals of time when the boomerang is speeding up or slowing down, and the times when the boomerang
is changing direction or is moving at a constant velocity; (10 pts)
• the distance traveled by the particle after 10 seconds. (3 pts)

1. s(t) = −t3 + 8t2 − 16t + 9 2. s(t) = 2t3 − 24t2 + 42t + 96

IV. Solve the following optimization problems completely. (5 pts)

1. (Fencing) A rectangular plot of land is to be fenced in using two kinds of fencing. Two opposite sides will
use heavy-duty fencing selling for P3 a foot, while the remaining two sides will use standard fencing selling
for P2 a foot. What are the dimensions of the rectangular plot of greatest area that can be fenced in at a
cost of P6000?
2. (Swimming) Wendy, an athlete, is on one side of a river which is 2 km wide. Wendy can swim at 3 kph and
walk at 5 kph. She wants to reach Joy, who is staying on the other side of the river, 6 km from the point
directly across the river from where Wendy starts her swim. Determine the minimum time Wendy needs to
reach Joy.
3. (Cutting) An open box is to be made from a 3 ft by 8 ft rectangular piece of sheet metal by cutting out
squares of equal size from the four corners and bending up the sides. Find the maximum volume that the
box can have.
4. (Inscribing) Find the dimensions of the right circular cylinder of largest volume that can be inscribed in a
sphere of radius 10.
5. (Costing) A closed rectangular container with a square base is to have a volume of 2250 in3 . The material
for the top and bottom of the container will cost P2 per in2 , and the material for the sides will cost P3 per
in2 . Find the dimensions of the container of least cost.

V. (Getting Closer) Obtain the appropriate linear approximation of the appropriate function to approximate the
following values: (5 pts)

3. e−0.02 (0.49)2
p
1. cos(1.99π) − 1.992 + 0.01 5. (−4.99)2 − 4(−4.99) + 5
 
−1 1.49
2. tan−1 (1.04) tan(0.78π) 4. sin
3

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 MATHEMATICS 21 PROBLEM SET 4 1ST SEMESTER, AY 2018-2019
GRAPHING, WORD PROBLEMS to be submitted 2018 OCTOBER 26

VI. Use differentials to solve the following problems. (5 pts)

1. (I Louvre Pyramids!) The Louvre Pyramid is a tourist attraction in Europe. It is a square pyramid, with a
height of 21 m, and base of side length 35 m. The four faces of this pyramid are covered in glass, of thickness
0.03 m. Find the volume of glass used to construct the exterior of the Louvre. (HINT: The volume of a
a2 h
square pyramid of height h and base side length a is V = .)
3
2. (Soccer Ball) A regular soccer ball has diameter 22 cm. Suppose a soccer ball is to be coated by paint, to a
thickness of 0.5cm. Approximate the amount of paint to be used.
3. (Time Travel) The amount of Substance X left after t years, in milligrams, is given by

A(t) = 5, 000 · 2−0.005t

An object excavated in 2018 was found to contain 3,000 mg of Substance X, with a possble error of ±1%.
Give a possible time range when this object was first created.
4. (Cylinder Error) The height of a cylinder is measured to be 15 cm, with a possible error of ±0.5 cm. Given
that the cylinder has exact radius of 4 cm, give an estimate for the possible error in the volume and surface
area of the cylinder.
5. (Population Growth) The population of Gotham City follows the formula P (t) = 50, 000(30.02(t−1917) ),
where t is the current year. Assuming Gotham City does not experience migration or death, approximate
the change in the population of the city from 2017 to 2018.

VII. Solve the following problems completely. (5 pts)

1. (Water Tank) An inverted conical water tank has a radius of 10 ft at the top and is 24 ft high. If water
flows into the tank at a rate of 20 ft3 /min, how fast is the depth of the water increasing when the water is
16 ft deep?
2. (Revolution) A beacon that makes one revolution every 10 s is located on a ship anchored 4 kilometers from
a straight shoreline. How fast is the beam moving along the shoreline when it makes an angle of 45◦ with
the shore?
3. (Triangular Water) Water is flowing into a trough, at a rate of 6 m3 /sec. The ends of the trough are in the
shape of an isosceles triangle. The trough is 10 m long; its ends have width 8 m and height 3 m. When the
water in the trough is 1.2 m high,
a. How fast is the height of the water changing?
b. How fast is the width of the water changing?
4. (Slipping Ladder) A 30 m ladder is propped up against a wall, such that it makes an angle of θ with the
wall. Suppose the bottom of the ladder slides away from the wall, such that θ grows at a rate of 1 degree
per second. At the moment when θ = 30◦ ,
a. How fast is the height of the top of the ladder changing?
b. How fast is the distance of the bottom of the ladder from the wall changing?
5. (Again, Run, Run, Run!) A knight escaped from an 18 ft tower with a speed of 3 ft/s. The angle of
depression from the top of the tower to the knight is given by θ. Determine the rate in which the angle is
changing if the knight is 18 ft away from the tower.

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TOTAL SCORE: 65 points