STRUCTURAL DESIGN CALCULATIONS FOR A NEW LEAN-TO

TIMBER FRAMED CARPORT

at

1 COPE STREET, WALSALL, WEST MIDLANDS

for

B M BABBAGE LTD

FEBRUARY 2016

Prepared by:

Hibberd Consulting Engineers

30 Bore Street
Lichfield
Staffordshire
WS13 6PQ

Tel: 01543 263554

Ref: H726 Rev 0
H726 – STRUCTURAL DESIGN CALCULATIONS FOR A NEW LEAN-TO TIMBER
FRAMED CARPORT

CONTENTS

Section Page

Structural Synopsis 1/01

Codes of Practice 1/02

Sketch plan and elevations SK/01

Loading schedule 2/01

Roof support timber members 3/01 - 10

Longitudinal stability (diaphragm wall) 4/01 - 02

 1/01
STRUCTURAL DESIGN SYNOPSIS

HCE are appointed by BM Babbage Ltd to provide structural design for a new carport at 1
Cope Street, Walsall.

The carport will be timber framed and is to be constructed as a lean-to structure against the
existing house.

The bitumen felted plyboard roof deck will be supported by timber purlins, spanning between
timber nominally pitched rafters. In turn, the rafters will be supported at the top by proprietary
joist hangers onto the existing masonry wall forming the gable elevation of the house and at
the bottom by timber posts, which will bear onto nominal concrete pad base foundations.

The overall longitudinal stability of the structure will be generated by plywood sheathing
diaphragm action within two of the four side elevation structural bays. Lateral frame stability
will be provided by attachment of the rafters to the main house, combined with roof deck
effective diaphragm action.

The external side and rear elevations are to be clad using timber weather-boarding. This will
be supported and restrained by timber rails fixed to the main timber frame posts, or by fixing
via battens onto the diaphragm studs.

These structural calculations were prepared only for the design of the new carport.

Prior to ordering any new materials referred to within these calculations, the contractor must
record his own site dimensions and also refer to the Architect’s drawings. References to mm
and m dimensions and levels within these calculations concern only the analysis and
mathematical techniques used to determine the appropriate section sizes and overall stability.
These calculations are not intended for measurement, ordering materials of specific length,
cutting sections to length or setting out any aspect of the structure.
 1/02

CODES OF PRACTICE

BS 5268:2-2002 Structural use of Timber – Code of Practice for Permissible

Stress Design, Materials and Workmanship.

BS 5268:6.1-1996 Code of practice for the design of timber frame walls.

BS 6399:3-1988 Code of Practice for imposed roof loads.

BS 648: 1964 Schedule of weights of building materials.

 ng Engi Job No

f,ontract sheet No
I t Cope_Stfeet,Walsall ___l Timber car port sF{, I

n 2016

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01
Cope Street

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 Hi bberd consul ti ng Engi nee rs Ilou No
H726
Contract Part sheet No
l Cope Street, Walsall Timber car port z /or
Drg Ref Calculations By Checked By Date
NCH JC Jan 2016
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 Engi ne G Job No

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Hibberd Consulting Engineers 3/02
30 Bore Street Proj: H726
Lichfield Ref : SECONDARY PURLINS
Staffordshire
WS13 6PQ
Tel:01543 263554 www.hceng.co.uk Date: JAN 16
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Joist section design

Calculations for timber joists are in accordance with BS5268:Pt 2:2002

Joist size - 47 wide x 100 deep

Timber type - Sawn Softwood as Table NA.2 of BS EN 336

Span of joist = 1.65 m

Span type - Simple

End bearing - left hand end X = 0 mm

Y = 50 mm
- right hand end X = 0 mm
Y = 50 mm
End notches - left hand end - none specified
- right hand end - none specified

Joist centres = 400 mm

Strength class from Table 8 (service classes 1 & 2) - C16

Service class - 2 (Covered and heated or unheated)

Maximum design moment = 0.4 kNm/m

Design shear force at left hand support = 0.97 kN/m
Design shear force at right hand support = 0.97 kN/m

Load Description Type A B C Gk Qk

DEAD + IMPOSED UDL 0 1.65 0.43 0.75
 3/03
Grade stresses - from Tables 8 and 9

Bending parallel to grain = 5.3 N/mm2

Shear parallel to grain = 0.67 N/mm2
Compression perpendicular to grain = 2.2 N/mm2
(wane prohibited at bearing areas)

Modification factors

For service class 2 - moment K2M =1

- shear K2V =1
- bearing K2B =1
- Youngs mod K2E =1
- Shear mod K2E =1
For load duration - medium K3 = 1.25
For end bearing - left end K4l =1
- right end K4r =1
For no end notch - left end K5l =1
For no end notch - right end K5r =1
For depth between 72 and 300mm K7 = (300/h)0.11
= 1.13
For load sharing system K8 = 1.1

Bending Design

The allowable bending stress is

σbpall = σbp*K2M*K3*K7*K8
= 8.23 N/mm2

The moment per metre width of floor is 0.4 kNm/m. Hence, the moment per joist is
Mj = M*jcc/1000
= 0.16 kNm

giving the required section modulus per joist as

zreqd = Mj*106/σbpall
= 19441 mm3

The section modulus of the joist chosen is 78300 mm^3.

Shear Design

The allowable shear stress is

σcpaall = σcpa*K2V*K3*K5r*K8
= 0.92 N/mm2

The shear per metre width of floor is 0.97 kN/m. Hence, the shear per joist is
Rrj = Rr*jcc/1000
= 0.39 kN

giving the required cross sectional area per joist as

Arreqd = 3*Rrj*103/(2*σcpaall)
= 636 mm2

The cross sectional area of the joist chosen is

Arprov = b*h
= 4700 mm2

Deflection check

The deflection calculated includes for shear deflection and is based on the following
- For a loadsharing system
- Youngs modulus - E = 8800 N/mm2
- Shear modulus - G = 550 N/mm2
- Shape factor -F = 1.2 (for rectangular sections)

and section properties of

- Area -A = 47 cm2
- Mom. of inertia -I = 392 cm4
 3/04
The maximum calculated deflection is 1.4 mm.

The allowable deflection in accordance with clause 2.10.7 is 5 mm (0.003*span).

The section PASSES all checks

PURLINS: USE 100x47 C16 at 400mm CRS. Fix plywood deck down onto purlins.
Hibberd Consulting Engineers 3/05
30 Bore Street Proj: H726
Lichfield Ref : RAFTER
Staffordshire
WS13 6PQ
Tel:01543 263554 www.hceng.co.uk Date: JAN 2016
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rafter section

Calculations for timber beams/lintels are in accordance with BS5268:Pt 2:2002

Number of parallel pieces making up beam/lintel =1

Section size of each timber - 47 wide x 200 deep
Timber type - Sawn Softwood as Table NA.2 of BS EN 336

Span of beam/lintel = 2.5 m

Span type - Simple

End bearing - left hand end X = 0 mm

Y = 50 mm
- right hand end X = 0 mm
Y = 50 mm
End notches - left hand end - none specified
- right hand end - none specified
Strength class from Table 8 (service classes 1 & 2) - C16

Service class - 2 (Covered and heated or unheated)

Maximum design moment = 1.56 kNm

Design shear force at left hand support = 2.5 kN
Design shear force at right hand support = 2.5 kN

Load Description Type A B C Gk Qk

DEAD + IMPOSED UDL 0 2.5 0.75 1.25
 3/06
Grade stresses

Bending parallel to grain = 5.3 N/mm2

Shear parallel to grain = 0.67 N/mm2
Compression perpendicular to grain = 2.2 Nlmmz
(wane prohibited at bearing areas)

Modification factors

For service class 2 - moment Kznr

- shear Kzv
- bearing Kze
- Youngs mod Kze
-
Shear mod Kze
For load duration -
medium Ks = 1.25
For end bearing -
left end K+r
-
right end fur
For no end notch - left end Kst
For no end notch - right end Ks,.
For depth between 72 and 300mm Kt = (300/h)011
= 1.05
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For non-load sharing system Ke -t
For 1 pieces of softwood Ks -t
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The allowable bending stress is

6bpall = tlbp*K2M*Ks*Kz*Ka
= 6.96 N/mm2

The required section modulus is

Zreqd = M*106/ogp211
= 224138 mm3

The section modulus of the beam/lintel chosen is 313000 mm^3.

Shear Desiqn

The allowable shear stress is

6cpaall = o"pa*K2v"Kg*Kst*Ke
= 0.84 N/mm2

The required cross sectional area is

Atreqd = 3*Rr*103/(2*ocpaal)
= 4464 mm2

The cross sectional area of the beam/lintel chosen is

Atpro, = Ntim*b*h
= 9400 mmz

Deflectign check

The deflection calculated includes for shear deflection and is based on the following material properties which incorporate
modification factors Kz and Ks as appropriate.
- Young's modulus -E = 5800 N/mmz
- Shear modulus -G = 363 N/mm2
- Shape factor -F = 1.2 (for rectangular sections)

and section properties of

- Area -A = 94 cm2
- Mom. of inertia -l = 3130 cma

The maximum calculated deflection is 6.1 mm.

The allowable deflection in accordance with clause 210.7 is 7.5 mm (0.003*Span).

The section PASSES all the checks.

RAFTERS: USE 2OOx4( C16

15
(se ,p)
Hibberd Consulting Engineers 3/07
30 Bore Street Proj: H726
Lichfield Ref : POSTS
Staffordshire
WS13 6PQ
Tel:01543 263554 www.hceng.co.uk Date: JAN 2016
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Column section

Calculations for timber columns in accordance with BS5268:Pt 2:2002 and the Timber Designers Manual by Baird and
Ozelton

Column shaft - 100 wide x 100 deep

Timber type - Sawn Softwood as Table NA.2 of BS EN 336

Height of single column shaft = 2400 mm

Strength class from Table 8 (service classes 1 & 2) - C16

Service class - 2 (Covered and heated or unheated)

Design axial compression = 3.5 kN (conservative)

Design moment - about x-x axis = 0.6 kNm
_ about y-y axis = 0.6 kNm (conservative)

Grade stresses - from Tables 8 and 9

Bending parallel to grain = 5.3 N/mm2

Compression parallel to grain = 6.8 N/mm2
Minimum modulus of elasticity = 5800 N/mm2

Modification factors

For service class 2

- bending =1 K2M
- compression =1 K2C
For load duration - medium = 1.25 K3
For depth between 72 and 300mm = (300/h)0.11
K7
= 1.13
For load sharing system K8 = 1.1
Determine modification factor K12 from the column slenderness for each axis, where:

The effective length of the column for the x-x axis is

Lex = Ho*Flex
= 2400 mm

and the effective length of the column for the y-y axis is
Ley = Ho*Fley
= 2400 mm

Hence, the slenderness ratio for the x-x axis is

λx = Lex/ixx
= 83.0
and for the y-y axis is
λy = Ley/iyy
= 83.0
 3/08
and from Table 22 for compression members
- x-x axis K12x = 0.44
- y-y axis K12y = 0.44

The maximum slenderness ratio does not exceed 180. The section can be used for members complying with clause
2.11.4(a),(b),(c) and (d).

Determine Axial Stresses

The minimum value of K12 is for the y-y axis, hence, the allowable compressive stress is
σcpaall = σcpa*K2C*K3*K8*K12
= 4.12 N/mm2

The applied compressive stress is

σcpaapp = N*103/(b*h)
= 0.35 N/mm2

Determine Bending Stresses

The allowable bending stress is

σbpall = σbp*K2M*K3*K7*K8
= 8.23 N/mm2

The applied bending stress about the x-x axis is

σbpappx = Mxx*106/Zxx
= 3.59 N/mm2

The applied bending stress about the y-y axis is

σbpappy = Myy*106/Zyy
= 3.59 N/mm2

Combining Axial and Bending Stresses

Using the interaction formula described in clause 2.11.6, with the Euler critical stress
σe = (π2*E)/λmax2
= 8.31 N/mm2
and the Euler coefficient
Ke = 1-(1.5*σcpaapp*K12/σe)
= 0.972

the combined effect of axial load and bending is

IFC = (σbpappx/(σbpall*Ke))+(σbpappy/(σbpall*Ke))+(σcpaapp/σcpaall)
= 0.98 (<1.0)

ALL OK AS SHOWN.

USE 100x100 C16 POSTS

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Hi bbe rd Consul ri ng Engi neers Job No
'H726
Contract Part sheet No
l Cope Street, Walsall Timber car port B lO
Drg Ref Calculations By Checked By ! Date
NCH JC I Jan 2016
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Hi bberd consulti ng Engi neers Job No
H726
Contract Part Sheet No ,
l Cope Street, Walsall Timber car port 4 [ol
Drg Ref Calculations By Checked By Date
NCH JC Jan 2016
Member Calcula tions Output

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Hibberd Consulting Engineers 4/02
30 Bore Street Proj: H726
Lichfield Ref : PLY WALL DIAPHRAGM
Staffordshire
WS13 6PQ
Tel:01543 263554 www.hceng.co.uk Date: JAN 2016
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Racking resistance of timber framed wall panels

Input details
Building type - Dwellings not exceeding four storeys
Wall panel type - Panel supporting side point load
Height of wall panel H = 2m
Length of wall panel L = 3.3 m
Height of opening Hw = 0m
Width of opening Lw = 0m
Overturning check included.

Applied vertical load P = 1.5 kN

Applied side load Rf = 1.3 kN
Factor of safety against overturning FOS = 1.2

Type of primary sheathing styp - Category 1 materials

Weight per unit area ρp = 0.055 kN/m2
Proposed board thickness Tbp = 9.5 mm
Proposed nail diameter Dnp = 3 mm
Proposed perimeter spacing Spp = 150 mm

Width of stud b = 75 mm
Depth of stud d = 100 mm
Spacing of studs scrs = 400 mm
Density of timber stud ρsd = 5.4 kN/m3

Summary of results
Panel capacity = 8.61 kN
Applied side load = 1.3 kN
Panel satisfactory

Applied over-turning moment = 2.6 kNm

Resisting moment = 4.63 kNm
Factor of safety to overturning = 1.78 > 1.2
Panel is stable.

Sliding load at base = 0.39 kN/m

RACKING STABILITY SATISFACTORY. Use 9.5mm Douglas Fir plywood diaphragm with
75mm x 3mm round wire nails spaced at 150mm centres into studs, head plate and sole plate.