Subcontractor Management Plan
Subcontractor Management Plan
Subcontractor Management Plan
Introduction.....................................................................................................................3
Prequalification and Bidding Process ..........................................................................4
Insurance Considerations..............................................................................................6
Beginning Work ..............................................................................................................9
Work Site’s Written Safety Plan ..................................................................................11
Safety Training and Recordkeeping Policies.............................................................13
Safety Inspections ........................................................................................................15
Work-in-progress and Post-project Reviews .............................................................21
Please note that this plan contains key components that should be considered when drafting an SMP.
This guide is not all-inclusive and certain areas may not apply to your contract. Also, include other
components or areas pertinent to your contract.
Although the procurement person prepares the SMP, it is vital that the SMP contain the input of other
members of the contract management team to ensure that existing issues, vulnerabilities and risks are
adequately addressed. Consequently, the SMP draft should be routed for input through members of the
contract management team.
This SMP provides guidance for subcontract management activities, including the following:
Insurance considerations
Beginning work
Safety inspections
Gather the subcontractor’s qualifications, whether through a questionnaire, formal written request,
qualification statement or other method. Examine the following information:
o Does the subcontractor have the necessary resources (manpower, finances, available
equipment, insurance and surety bonding capacity, licensing, etc.) to complete the job?
o Does the subcontractor’s safety record prove that the job can be done in a safe manner?
o Does the subcontractor have any references from previous contracts? Were past customers
satisfied with the subcontractor’s work?
Prequalification should let a potential bidder know exactly what to expect from project start to
finish. Giving a bidder every piece of relevant information, along with being available to answer
any questions he or she might have, will make the process fair and objective.
Not all subcontractors will qualify for the bid. To weed out bids that fall short of your standards,
consider implementing minimum requirements for the subcontractor, such as making sure the
subcontractor:
o Has not been nor is currently debarred by any federal, state or local government authority in the
past X years
o Has not had any professional license revoked in the past X years
o Has not committed a serious or willful OSHA, EPA or other federal or state safety violation in the
past X years
After a list is compiled of qualified bidders, bids can be submitted. Generally, qualified bidders with the
lowest bid will be selected for the contract, although this is not always the case. The U.S. Office of
Management and Budget has found that lowest-bid contracts do not always ensure that a project is
completed on time within the stated budget. Lowest-bid contracts tend to have more change orders
throughout the process, increasing the overall cost of the contract and often causing delays and broken
deadlines. Thorough examination of a subcontractor’s qualifications and the proceeding bid, if
Prior to awarding the contract to a qualified bidder, the primary contractor or owner should document:
The proposed project schedule that includes key milestones and a description of the technical
approach to the project;
The project management team that includes, at a minimum, the construction management, field
supervision and technical personnel. With the project management team list, resumes of the
people listed may be included;
A quality control plan that includes a copy and/or description of the quality control program to be
used on the project and any implementing documents applicable to its program; and
A cost control plan that includes a description of the cost control program being used for the
project.
Prior to the beginning of the project, the subcontractor should provide two certificates of insurance to the
primary contractor showing that the subcontractor has coverage for him- or herself and his or her
employees, agents and subcontractors. The subcontractor’s insurance must provide adequate coverage
for any workers’ compensation obligations, employer’s liability and automobile liability. If any of these
policies are terminated, the subcontractor should provide certificates of insurance showing replacement
coverage. All coverage must be placed with insurance companies duly admitted in the state or in the
desired licensing jurisdiction in which the work is being done, and all coverage must be reasonably
acceptable to the primary contractor. All of the subcontractor’s insurance carriers must maintain an A.M.
Best rating of “A-” or better.
The certificate of insurance should provide that the insurer give the contractor a written notice of
cancellation and termination of the contractor’s coverage at least 30 days prior.
Additional Insureds
The subcontractor’s policy must name the contractor as an additional insured. Coverage must be afforded
to the contractor as an additional insured whether or not a claim is in litigation. Additional insured
coverage must apply as primary insurance with respect to any other insurance afforded to the owner and
contractor.
Workers’ compensation
The subcontractor should secure a workers’ compensation insurance policy. The workers’
compensation policy must cover all of the subcontractor’s work and performance and provide
coverage for all employees, executive officers, sole proprietors, and partners and members of a
limited liability company, in the amounts required by all applicable laws.
In addition, the subcontractor should secure an employers’ liability insurance policy (part II of the
standard workers’ compensation policy). This type of coverage covers the damages that become
due in case of bodily injury, occupational sickness or disease or death of subcontractor
employees that are not covered by the workers’ compensation policy.
If a subcontractor does not have his or her own work comp insurance, you may see your work
comp premium rise during an audit. This is why it is so important that the subcontractors you hire
provide proof of insurance before any work is done.
Subcontractors should secure a CGL insurance policy to cover the damages that become due in
case of bodily injury, property damage and personal or advertising injury arising out of or related
to:
There should be no endorsement or modification of the CGL for risks arising from pollution,
explosion, collapse, underground property damage or work performed by the subcontractor.
Auto liability
The subcontractor should secure an automobile liability insurance policy to cover the damages
that become due in case of bodily injury, death of a person or property damage arising out of
ownership, maintenance or use of any motor vehicle or trailer owned, hired, leased, used on
behalf of or borrowed by the subcontractor. The policy must also include coverage for any
equipment subject to motor vehicle laws, contractor and owner (if different than the contractor)
and any subcontractor liability or responsibility.
The subcontractor should secure an umbrella liability insurance policy to cover the damages that
become due in case of bodily injury, property damage and personal and advertising injury, with at
least the same terms and conditions as the policies mentioned above.
Even quality workmanship is not immune to potential claims of property damage or bodily injury. All
operations carry the risk that injury or damage may occur as a result of the work, leading to costly
lawsuits. Considering the complicated mix of contractors and subcontractors that contributes to each
project, who is liable for this risk?
In insurance terms, “your work” as used in an insurance policy is a broadly defined term that includes
operations performed by the policyholder or on the policyholder’s behalf, including material, parts or
equipment in connection with the operations. Operations or work performed on behalf of the policyholder
means work done by a subcontractor is considered the contractor’s work. Therefore, faulty electrical work
performed by an electrician that causes a fire or other damage could be considered the contractor’s
liability, but would be covered under a standard CGL policy.
Because a contractor or other involved party could be held liable for defects in a subcontractor’s work,
years after it has been completed, and filing the claim under the contractor’s CGL policy could cause the
premium to rise, many construction contracts require subcontractors to provide insurance coverage for
claims resulting from their completed work for a finite period of time, typically the one- to five-year range.
Typical contracts also require that the subcontractor name the owner, the architect, the general contractor
This means that subcontractors can be held liable for claims of property damage or bodily injury resulting
from a defect in a contractor’s work. It is also critical to maintain this coverage into the future; failure to do
so could lead to a breach-of-contract lawsuit brought by the contractor or other party.
It is important for subcontractors to understand this commitment when signing the contract—the
insurance commitment doesn’t end with the project. Further, in the event of a large claim, subcontractors
could be faced with a substantial increase in premiums on the policy.
What can subcontractors do to reduce the risk of a claim being filed against them for a defect in their
completed work? To avoid litigation, it is crucial to know local regulations and adequately document
proper performance. Subcontractors must know their company’s documentation practices relative to each
subcontract, and carefully keep records of all processes.
The scope of the contracted work (contained in an attached statement of work (SOW)), which
should include the following items:
o Each subcontractor’s clearly identified and described services that it is responsible for providing
o Each subcontractor’s clearly defined requirements for quality, including the requirement to allow
independent quality inspections of materials and processes
The appropriate terms and conditions that will be imposed on both the primary contractor and the
subcontractor
An acceptance process
Managing various subcontractors and their teams can be a difficult task, but successful projects all tend
to have the same characteristics:
They all have clear and unambiguous subcontracts established that include an SOW.
The efforts of all subcontractors are integrated into a cohesive project plan with all subcontractors
understanding where their efforts fit into the overall picture.
The formal and informal interfaces between the primary contractor and the subcontractors, as
well as among the subcontractors, are documented.
Before starting specific work, the subcontractors are granted authorization to proceed. This
authorization is given, in writing, via a Work Authorization form.
The work of all subcontractors should be coordinated by the primary contractor to ensure that the efforts
of all parties are integrated into a cohesive unit throughout the entire project process. A master schedule
Subcontractors should have a single point of contact with the primary contractor for contractual matters.
On a day-to-day basis, all subcontractor personnel will be free to interact with any primary contractor
personnel as needed.
In order to make the project go as smoothly as possible, there needs to be open lines of communication
between the subcontractor and primary contractor regarding proper safety procedures. The subcontractor
must:
Designate a safety representative to handle all safety and health issues during the job
Perform a safety hazard assessment to address any problem areas before work begins
Report all injuries, spills, property damage incidents and near misses
Obtain phone numbers and directions for the nearest hospital, ambulance service and fire
department, should an accident occur
Know, follow and train his or her employees about the safety policy of the contracting company
Obtain the Safety Data Sheets (SDS) of any chemicals used during the job
Pre-work Meetings
Before work begins each day, subcontractors should hold a pre-work meeting to discuss the type of work
to be performed. Safety should be the main focus of these meetings—the subcontractor and his or her
team should review specific safety considerations for the particular type of work to be accomplished.
Workers should be encouraged to voice any safety concerns before an accident occurs. Subcontractors
should secure all necessary permits (hot work, lockout/tagout, confined spaces, etc.) before work begins.
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Work Site’s Written Safety Plan
All subcontractors and their employees should abide by the site-specific rules and regulations that are set
forth by the contracting company. The safety policy must be followed by all contractors, subcontractors
and their employees. Failure to comply could result in disciplinary action, up to and including contract
termination. The safety policy will generally contain the following:
Introduction
Lists the overall goal of the safety program and conveys the importance of following it while on
the job
Management Commitment
Lists the company’s policies and philosophies and makes employees aware of management’s
commitment to safety
May include a mission statement, outlining the company’s goals for the safety program
Explains what everyone’s responsibilities are in executing the safety program, including
management, supervisors and employees
Management’s responsibilities may include ensuring that the safety program is enforced and
correcting any problems brought to its attention by supervisors or employees on the work site.
Supervisors may be responsible for taking action to correct safety problems, providing personal
protective equipment (PPE) to all employees, disciplining workers and investigating any accidents
or injuries.
Employees may be responsible for reporting accidents and injuries, reporting unsafe conditions,
attending any safety training and obeying all safety and health regulations.
Outlines specific (OSHA, EPA, DOL, etc.) rules and regulations that must be followed at all times
on the job
o For example, OSHA regulations for lockout/tagout procedures (29 CFR 1910.147) may be spelled
out for workers.
Disciplinary Policy
Explains what may happen if workers break rules or regulations. Disciplinary action may range
from a verbal warning to dismissal from the job.
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Explains when and how to report an accident or injury while at the work site
Outlines an accident investigator’s process for determining why an accident happened and what
can be done to prevent similar accidents from happening in the future
Fall protection
Hearing protection
Housekeeping
Ladder safety
Lockout/tagout procedures
Respiratory protection
Outlines the procedure for responding to an emergency due to a fire, chemical spill, natural
disaster, injury, etc.
Lists the risks and warning signs of workplace violence and offers ways to reduce the likelihood of
violence on the job
Subcontractors should also submit their site-specific safety plans before work begins. These plans should
include job-specific safety requirements, roles and responsibilities of the subcontractor’s team, potential
project risks and countermeasures to those risks.
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Safety Training and Recordkeeping Policies
Safety Training
Subcontractors are expected to train their employees about site-specific hazards before the project
begins. They should also provide documentation of the training to a contracting company representative.
The subcontractor’s employees should also be aware of proper first-aid procedures and know what to do
in the event of a medical emergency. Stress to the subcontractor that it is his or her responsibility to notify
his or her employees of any safety information provided by the contracting company to the subcontractor.
As the contracting company, your employees should be trained on any specific hazards introduced by the
subcontractor’s work.
Recordkeeping
A strong recordkeeping policy will ensure the job is done in compliance with various federal and state
regulations and will be useful should you ever be audited.
Keep copies on file of all forms you provide to the subcontractor throughout the contract
Have a list of telephone numbers for the nearest hospital, ambulance service and fire department
Have copies of all necessary SDSs and other required information regarding chemicals used for
the job
Keep an OSHA recordable injury and illness log (Form 300 and 300A, if applicable) for the
project, along with copies of accident reports for all accidents that occur on the job
As the contracting company, you should keep thorough records, as well, including:
A copy of the contract on file and be familiar with its contents, along with the safety and health
aspects of the job
Training records for your company’s workers regarding hazards that may be caused by the
subcontracting company
Copies of all forms related to the contract that are required to be filled out by the company before
or during contract work
OSHA recordable injury and illness logs for the job, along with copies of accident reports filed
throughout the project
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The following is a sample list of project records:
Meeting minutes
Contract status
Permit forms
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Safety Inspections
Throughout the duration of the project, safety inspections should be performed by both the contracting
company and the subcontractor. A “competent person,” as defined by OSHA, should perform daily
inspections of equipment, materials and operations. He or she should document inspections and any
corrective actions in Daily Inspection Reports. A typical safety checklist is posted below.
Are all working platforms fully boarded, and all boards arranged
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to prevent tipping or tripping?
Are effective barriers or warning notices in place to prevent
workers from using an incomplete scaffold?
Is the scaffold strong enough to handle the weight of materials
stored on it?
Are the scaffolds being properly maintained?
Does a competent person inspect the scaffold regularly, and any
time it has been altered or damaged or following adverse
weather? Are the inspection results recorded?
Are tower scaffolds being erected and used with proper methods
and used in accordance with supplier instructions?
Are all tower scaffold wheels locked and platforms emptied when
in use?
LADDERS YES NO COMMENTS
Are there any safer alternatives to using ladders or stepladders
for the particular task?
Is work of short duration and low risk when done on ladders?
Are all ladders and stepladders in good condition?
Do ladders rest against solid surfaces and not on fragile or
insecure materials?
Are ladders secured at the top and bottom to prevent them from
slipping sideways and outwards?
Are there cleanup procedures in place?
Has all valuable equipment been removed to higher areas?
Are all ladders and stepladders used properly and for their
intended purpose?
Do ladders rise at least 3 feet above their landing place? If not,
are there other handholds available?
Are ladders positioned so that users don’t have to overstretch?
Are all ladder and stepladder users trained to use them properly?
ROOF WORK YES NO COMMENTS
Do all active roof sites have edge protection to prevent workers
or materials from falling?
When performing industrial roofing, are nets provided to prevent
workers from falling from the leading edge and from partially fixed
sheets? Where nets are used, are they hung safely?
Have all fragile materials, such as cement sheets and roof lights,
been identified? Are precautions taken to prevent workers and
materials from falling through fragile materials?
Are people kept away from the area below the roof work?
Are all roof workers properly trained to recognize risks, and are
they competent to do the work?
UNLOADING YES NO COMMENTS
Is there enough support for the dump truck to unload, or has the
ground been sloped or battered back to a safe angle?
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Are safe methods used for putting in supports, without people
working in an unsupported trench?
Is there safe access into the dump site, such as a sufficiently
long, secured ladder?
Are there barriers in place to prevent vehicles and people from
falling in?
Are properly secured stop blocks provided to prevent tipping
vehicles from falling in?
Could the unloading affect the stability of neighboring structures
or services?
Are materials and equipment stored away from the edge of the
dump site to reduce the chance of collapse?
Is the unloading regularly inspected by a competent person?
MANUAL HANDLING YES NO COMMENTS
Have all manual handling risks on the site been assessed?
Are there mechanical aids, such as trolleys, hoists and other
equipment to move heavy objects so manual handling is kept to a
minimum?
Can you order materials in lower weight increments to reduce
strain on handlers?
Have all manual handlers been instructed and trained on how to
properly lift materials, and on how to use lifting aids and handling
equipment safely?
LOADING AND UNLOADING GOODS YES NO COMMENTS
Has someone checked that the load has not moved or
destabilized during the journey to the site?
Is there an exclusion zone around the loading/unloading area to
keep bystanders away?
Is there a plan for the method of unloading?
Have all loading and unloading workers been properly trained to
work safely?
Do workers have to access the back of the loading truck, or can
all preparation be done from the ground?
Have steps been taken to prevent workers from falling off the
back of the vehicle?
TRAFFIC AND VEHICLES YES NO COMMENTS
Are all vehicles and pedestrians kept apart? If not, are there
barriers and warning signs provided?
Can reversing be avoided by using a one-way system or turning
area?
Are all vehicles properly maintained? Do all of the vehicle’s
components work properly? Are tires in good condition?
Do all drivers have proper training and hold proper licenses, and
are they competent and fit to use the vehicles they are driving?
Are all loads properly secured?
Are passengers only carried in vehicles designed to carry them?
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TOOLS, MACHINERY AND PLANT YES NO COMMENTS
Are the right tools or machinery being used for the job?
Are all the tools, machinery and equipment in good repair and
operating correctly?
Are all machine guards secured and functioning properly?
Are all operators trained and competent?
HOISTS YES NO COMMENTS
Has the equipment been installed by a competent person?
Are all operators trained and competent?
Is the rated capacity properly marked?
Does the hoist have a current report of thorough inspection and a
record of inspections?
Is there a suitable base enclosure to prevent people from being
struck by any moving part of the hoist?
Are the landing gates kept shut except when the platform is at the
landing?
EMERGENCIES YES NO COMMENTS
Are there emergency procedures in place?
Does everyone know what the emergency procedures are?
Is there a means to raise the alarm that alerts everyone on-site?
Is there a way to contact emergency services from the site?
Are there suitable escape routes and are these kept clear?
Are there proper first-aid provisions?
FIRE YES NO COMMENTS
Is the quantity of flammable materials, liquids and gases kept to a
minimum? Are they properly stored?
Are flammable gas cylinders returned to a ventilated store at the
end of the shift?
Are gas cylinders and associated hoses and equipment properly
maintained and in good condition?
When gas cylinders are not in use, are the valves fully closed?
Is flammable and combustible waste removed regularly and
stored in suitable bins or skips?
Are suitable fire extinguishers provided?
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES YES NO COMMENTS
Have all harmful substances and materials, including asbestos,
lead, solvents, paints, cement and silica dust, been identified?
Have you checked whether a licensed contractor is needed to
deal with asbestos on-site?
Are precautions in place to prevent and control exposure to
hazardous substances? This can include removing the risk with a
different work process or using a less hazardous material.
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recognize risks and how to control and avoid them?
Are procedures in place to prevent contact with wet cement?
Has health surveillance been arranged for workers using certain
hazardous substances?
NOISE YES NO COMMENTS
Has workers’ exposure to noise on the site been identified?
Do workers have the information and training necessary to
recognize noise on-site and know how to avoid it?
Can the noise be reduced by using different methods or selecting
quieter equipment?
Do workers have proper personal protective equipment?
Have hearing protection zones been clearly marked to keep out
workers not involved in the work?
HAND-ARM VIBRATION (HAV) YES NO COMMENTS
Has exposure to HAV been avoided or reduced as much as
possible, through using lower vibration tools and methods?
Do workers have the information and training necessary to
recognize HAV risks and how to avoid them?
Have vibrating tools been properly maintained?
Has health surveillance been arranged for workers exposed to
high levels of vibration?
ELECTRICITY AND OTHER SERVICES YES NO COMMENTS
Have all necessary services been provided on-site before the
work begins? Have existing services been identified and
measures taken to prevent danger from them?
Are workers using low voltage for tools and equipment?
Are cables and leads protected from damage?
Are all connections to the system properly made, and are suitable
plugs used?
Have hidden electricity cables and other services been located
and clearly marked?
Where there are overhead lines, has the electricity supply been
turned off, or other suitable measures taken?
WORKER WELFARE YES NO COMMENTS
Are toilets readily available and properly maintained?
Are there sinks, hot and cold running water, soap and towels?
Are there facilities to change, dry and store clothing?
Are drinking water and cups provided?
Do all workers have easy, safe access to welfare facilities?
Are welfare facilities kept warm and well-ventilated?
PROTECTING THE PUBLIC YES NO COMMENTS
Is the site fenced off from the public?
Are roads well-lit and separated by barriers?
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Is the public protected from falling material?
Is the site secure when work stops for the day? This includes
securing the boundary, removing ladders, covering openings,
securing hazardous materials and immobilizing machinery and
equipment to prevent unauthorized use.
ADDITIONAL ITEMS YES NO COMMENTS
Add any additional items here
Add any additional items here
Add any additional items here
Add any additional items here
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Work-in-progress and Post-project Reviews
Work-in-progress (WIP) reviews are an important part of the SMP in order to ensure that the project stays
on track for the duration of the timeline. Consider conducting a WIP review with each major subcontractor
monthly, and conducting one quarterly for additional subcontractors. The subcontractors should provide
status and progress updates about their contractual commitments. The agenda typically includes, but is
not limited to, the following:
o Performance issues
Schedule status
The specifics of the situation will dictate if any correctional action needs to be taken. Specific remedies
called out in the subcontract may be used to alleviate the problem. Actions may be assigned to members
of the contracting company or the subcontractor’s team.
After the project has been completed, perform a thorough review of the subcontractor’s performance. Not
only will this give insight on best practices for future projects, it could help foster a relationship between
your company and the subcontractor that could lead to future collaboration.
Management tactics
Cooperation
Professional behavior
Cost control
Did the subcontractor complete the project within the contract budget?
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Did the subcontractor finish ahead of schedule?
Did the subcontractor follow all site-specific safety rules and regulations?
Were there any problems that arose and were they quickly handled?
Did the subcontractor clean up the work site after the job was completed?
If the subcontractor performed the job satisfactorily, add them to an approved contractors list for future
reference. If the subcontractor didn’t perform up to your standards, consider meeting with him or her to
discuss what could have been improved.
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