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Lab Manual Final

The document describes a high pass filter circuit implemented using an Arduino. It uses an analog sensor reading as input and calculates the exponential moving average (EMA) of the readings over time. The high pass output is determined by subtracting the EMA from the current reading. This filters out low frequencies and outputs signals above the EMA threshold. The Arduino collects and outputs this high pass data to analyze the effect of changing the filter resistance.

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Lino Estrada
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
43 views

Lab Manual Final

The document describes a high pass filter circuit implemented using an Arduino. It uses an analog sensor reading as input and calculates the exponential moving average (EMA) of the readings over time. The high pass output is determined by subtracting the EMA from the current reading. This filters out low frequencies and outputs signals above the EMA threshold. The Arduino collects and outputs this high pass data to analyze the effect of changing the filter resistance.

Uploaded by

Lino Estrada
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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High Pass Filter

Source Code:

int sensorPin = 0; //pin number to use the ADC

int sensorValue = 0; //initialization of sensor variable, equivalent to EMA Y

float EMA_a = 0.3; //initialization of EMA alpha

int EMA_S = 0; //initialization of EMA S

int highpass = 0;

void setup(){

Serial.begin(9600); //setup of Serial module, 9600 bits/second

EMA_S = analogRead(sensorPin); //set EMA S for t=1

void loop(){

sensorValue = analogRead(sensorPin); //read the sensor value using ADC

EMA_S = (EMA_a*sensorValue) + ((1-EMA_a)*EMA_S); //run the EMA

highpass = sensorValue - EMA_S; //calculate the high-pass signal

Serial.println(highpass);

delay(20); //20ms delay

}
Block Circuit/Circuit Diagram:

Flowchart:
Discussion:

A Filter is a device that eliminates unwanted noise or signals depending on the condition. A high-
pass filter only accepts signals with high frequencies and eliminates frequencies which do not make the
cut. The output are processed by the Arduino. The Arduino processes the analog input depending on the
source code given to it. The Arduino then outputs the desired signal. In this case, the sensor value must
exceed EMA_s to output the signal.

Screenshots:

i High Pass Filter at High Resistance


ii High Pass Filter at Low Resistance

Data Collected:

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

0
0

10

12

12

15

14

13

13
10

16

13

11

14

14

15

12

12

13

12

12

12

14

11

10

11

10

11

11

12

12

14
11

12

13

17

14

17

14

17

16

17

13

16

18

12

17

14

12

15

12

16

14

13

16

20

16

16

14

17

15
14

15

17

16

16

18

19

21

20

20

22

26

23

24

24

32

31

31

28

31

33

30

35

36

38

42

42

45

45
53

52

53

52

50

49

48

43

47

47

44

44

43

42

41

41

42

28

23

17

12

3
3

-17

-25

-34

-39

-44

-51

-48

-49

-49

-46

-49

-48

-48

-45

-48

-50
-55

-58

-53

-55

-53

-53

-46

-46

-46

-44

-42

-40

-43

-44

-49

-44

-44

-46

-46

-48

-44

-44

-42

-39

-39

-37

-40

-34

-35
-33

-33

-30

-30

-28

-23

-22

-21

-21

-18

-12

-8

-5

-3

-1

-1

2
0

0
0

0
0

11

19

22

28

32

35

37

40

40

42

41

40

40

39

43

40

38

37

36

37

35

37

36
35

36

37

35

36

38

39

42

42

40

42

42

40

42

46

44

47

42

42

42

44

45

47

49

45

45

43

40

38
35

24

18

13

11

2
2

1
0

1
2

2
0

1
2

2
0

Observation:

The researchers saw that when increasing the resistance of the potentiometer, the program accepts the
analog input. As the resistance of potentiometer decreases, the program surges to negative value then
stabilizes to zero.

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