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ISSN:2348-2079 Volume-6 Issue-2

International Journal of Intellectual Advancements

and Research in Engineering Computations

Design of An Automatic Fan Speed Controlling System

Using Arduino UNO
1
M.Kumaran,2 I.Vikram, 3 S.Kishore Kumar,4R.Rajesh Kumar 5S.Lokesh
1,2,3,4
UG Students 5Asst.Professor , Electronics and Communication Engineering, VEL TECH Avadi, Chennai-
600062,

Email: [email protected],[email protected]

ABSTRACT: As we all know that we are slowly moving according to the temperature changes. This paper results
toward automation and automation is one of the trending in the automation of fans where there will no need to
topics. So, basically in this project we will be controlling
fan speed with respect to the temperature of room or that switch the regulators up and down to change the speed
of surrounding. The system will get the temperature from of the fan. So by the usage of microcontroller the fans
the temperature Sensor (LM35) and it will control the can automatically change is RPM by the use of heat &
speed, of the according to the temperature, set by the user
temperature sensor[3,4,5].
(i.e. if a person wants the fan to run at a particular RPM
for a particular surrounding temperature we can do this
via this project ). In this project, microcontroller forms the II. PROPOSED SYSTEM:
processing part, which firstly senses the temperature and
the controller then compares the data with the set
temperature. If the current temperature is greater than the
set temperature, the controller turns ON the fan and the
set speed will be proportional to the difference between the
set temperature & the current temperature. If the current
temperature is less than the set temperature, the fan will
be turned OFF .The fan’s speed will change according to
the temperature of the room or surrounding.

KEYWORDS : Arduino Uno, LM35(linear

monolithic),DC motor (fan),LCD(Liquid Crystal Display),
Speed control .Temperature sensing, potentiometer,
Revolutions per minute(RPM). Fig. 1 Block diagram

I. INTRODUCTION The arduino is the heart of the system. It accepts

inputs from the H&T sensor which allows for the
Electric fan is one of the most popular electrical
measurement of the current room temperature, then the
devices due to its cost effectiveness and low power
controller will give the action to maintain the required
consumption advantages. It is a common circuit and
fan speed. The speed control can be done via dumping
widely used in many applications. It is also one of the
the required parameters that is being required by the
most sensible solutions to offer a comfortable and
user. LCD is used to display the fan speed and room
energy efficient. In fact, the fan has been long used and
temperature. The above description can be seen in the
still available in the market. Fan can be controlled
fig. 1
manually by pressing on the switch button. Where in
this method, any change in the temperature will not give III. ARDUINO UNO
any change in the fan speed[1,2]. Except the usage
change the speed of the fan which is manually. So, an A microcontroller is a computer control system on a
automatic temperature control system technology is single chip. It has many electronic circuits built into it,
needed for the controlling purpose in the fan speed which can decode written instructions and convert them

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Kumaran M et al., Inter. J. Int. Adv. & Res. In Engg. Comp., Vol.–06(02) 2018 [2039-2042]

to electrical signals. The microcontroller will then step just 60 microamps from its supply and acquires a low
through these instructions and execute them one by one. self-heating capacity. The LM35 temperature sensor
As an example of this a microcontroller could be used to available in many different packages like T0-46 metal
control the fan speed according to the temperature of the can transistor-like package, TO-92 plastic transistor-like
room. The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board package, 8-lead surface mount SO-8 small outline
based on the ATmega328 (datasheet). It has 14 digital package. The above description can be seen in the Fig.
input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM 3.
outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator, a
USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY ( LCD)
reset button. The above description can be seen in the
Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 Liquid Crystal Display Pin Diagram

A 16x2 LCD means it can display 16 characters per line

Fig. 2 Arduindo Uno controller board and there are 2 such lines. In this LCD each character is
displayed in 5x7 pixel matrix. This LCD has two
registers, namely, Command and Data.The command
register stores the command instructions given to the
HEAT & TEMPERTURE SENSOR (LM35)
LCD. A command is an instruction given to LCD to do
a predefined task like initializing it, clearing its screen,
setting the cursor position, controlling display etc. The
data register stores the data to be displayed on the LCD.
The data is the ASCII value of the character to be
displayed on the LCD. Click to learn more about
internal structure of LCD .This component is
specifically manufactured to be used with
microcontrollers, which means that it cannot be
activated by standard IC circuits. It is used for
displaying different messages on a miniature liquid
crystal display. it can display messages in two lines with
Fig. 3 Linear Monolithic heat & temperature sensor
16 characters each. Also it can display all the letters of
The LM35 is an integrated circuit sensor that can be alphabet, Greek letters, punctuation marks,
used to measure temperature with an electrical output mathematical symbols. In these circuits the
proportional to the temperature (in °C).It can measure microcontroller is used to control the fan according to
temperature more accurately than a using a thermistor. the temperature variation. The LM35 functions to
The sensor circuitry is sealed and not subject to measure the changes of temperature surrounds the area.
oxidation. The LM35 generates a higher output voltage All the operations are controlled by the arduino to
than thermocouples and may not require that the output produce the output. The LCD, fans are the output where
voltage be amplified. The LM35 has an output voltage they are set with the pseudo code. The above
that is proportional to the Celsius temperature. The description can be seen in the Fig. 4.
LM35 does not need any exterior calibration and
maintains an exactness of +/-0.4°C at room temperature
and +/-0.8°C over a range of 0°C to +100°C.One more
significant characteristic of this sensor is that it draws

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Kumaran M et al., Inter. J. Int. Adv. & Res. In Engg. Comp., Vol.–06(02) 2018 [2039-2042]

POTENTIOMETER a) if T >= 25C and T <=30C fanSpeed = 25%

b) if T >30C and T <=40C fanSpeed = 50%

c) if T>40C and T <=40C fanSpeed = 75%

d) if T >45C fanSpeed = 100% led=On

4. End

IV. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

Fig. 5 Potentiometer Interfaced with Arduino

Uno

A potentiometer is a simple knob that provides a

variable resistance, which we can read into the
Arduino board as an analog value. In this example,
that value controls the rate at which an LED blinks.
We connect three wires to the Arduino board. The Fig. 6 Experimental set up
first goes to ground from one of the outer pins of
the pote A potentiometer ntiometer. The second The project that has been described in the above
goes from 5 volts to the other outer pin of the pages have been given an experimental model. Here a
potentiometer. The third goes from analog input 2 fan is being interface with the arduino uno kit. The
to the middle pin of the potentiometer. By turning arduino uno kit is being dumped with th required
the shaft of the potentiometer, we change the algorithm. The above description can be seen in the
amount of resistence on either side of the wiper Fig.6.
which is connected to the center pin of the
potentiometer. This changes the relative "closeness" OUTPUT
of that pin to 5 volts and ground, giving us a
different analog input. When the shaft is turned all
the way in one direction, there are 0 volts going to
the pin, and we read 0. When the shaft is turned all
the way in the other direction, there are 5 volts
going to the pin. The above description can be seen
in the Fig. 5.

ARDUINO SOFTWARE

The open-source Arduino Software (IDE) makes it

easy to write code and upload it to the board. It runs on
Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. The environment is
written in Java and based on Processing and other open-
source software. Fig.7a Constant Speed In RPM of the fan

1. Set T=0,fanSpeed=0 and led=off

2. T=getTemp() // Get current temperature from

temperature sensor(i.e., LM 35)

3. Now compare the value of T with range of

temperatures and set the fanSpeed according to that a

Copyrights © International Journal of Intellectual Advancements and Research in Engineering Computations,

www.ijiarec.com
2042
Kumaran M et al., Inter. J. Int. Adv. & Res. In Engg. Comp., Vol.–06(02) 2018 [2039-2042]

REFERENCES

1.Mustafa Saad, Hossam Abdoalgader, and Muammer

Mohamed, “Automatic Fan Speed Control System
Using Microcontroller” 6th Int'l Conference on
Electrical, Electronics & Civil Engineering
(ICEECE'2014) Nov. 27-28, 2014 Cape Town
(South Africa)

2 Vaibhav Bhatia an Gavish Bhatia “Room Temperature

based Fan Speed Control System using Pulse Width
Modulation Technique” International Journal of
Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 81 –
No5, November 2013
3. Dr. AntoBennet, M , Sankaranarayanan S, Ashokram
S ,Dinesh Kumar T R,“Testing of Error Containment
Capability in can Network”, International Journal of
Applied Engineering Research, Volume 9, Number
19 (2014) pp. 6045-6054.
4.Dr. AntoBennet, M ,Resmi R. Nair, Mahalakshmi
Fig.7b Variation in the RPM V,Janakiraman G “Performance and Analysis of
Ground-Glass Pattern Detection in Lung Disease
When the temperature in the room is decreased based on High-Resolution Computed
beyond the extend that had been programmed using Tomography”,Indian Journal of Science and
Revolutions per minute arduino uno, the RPM of the fan Technology, Volume09 (Issue02):01-07, January
will start to fall down upto the RPM rate that has been 2016
fixed in the algorithm. If the temperature again 5.Pratik S. Danage, Ajay B.Dongare,
SangramsinhS.Dongare, Rahul B.Ghogare, Ganesh
increased to a certain extend the RPM of fan will rise
N.Khare “Automatic Breaking Sysetm Using Eye
up. This rising and falling of fan’s RPM depends upto Blinking Sensor”Vol.2, Issue 2, pp(166-
the level of temperature that is being set. This 170),October2015- March-2016
temperature can modified if wanted. Thus the
experimental decrease of the fan’s RPM is being given
in the Fig. 7a & Fig. 7b.

V. CONCLUSION

This work elaborates the design and construction of

fan speed control system to control the room
temperature. The temperature sensor was carefully
chosen to gauge the room temperature. Besides, the
microcontroller had been used to control the fan speed
using the fan speed in rpm and the arduino was
successfully programmed using C/C++ Language to
compare temperature with standard temperature and set
fan speed and their values displayed on LCD. Moreover,
the fan speed will increase automatically if the
temperature room is increased. As conclusion, the
system which designed in this work was perform very
well, for any temperature change and can be classified
as automatic control.

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