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Exercise 8 Frequency Response and Compensation of Lead Process

This document describes an experiment to analyze the frequency response of a second-order lead process and compensate it using lead-lag compensation. The experiment involves measuring the phase shift of the lead process output relative to the input at various frequencies. A bode plot of gain and phase versus frequency will be created. Then, using a compensator network with adjustable resistance and capacitance, the phase shift will be nulled to compensate the lead process. The goal is to analyze the lead process's frequency response and compensate it using a lag-lead network.

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Karthik Warrier
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185 views6 pages

Exercise 8 Frequency Response and Compensation of Lead Process

This document describes an experiment to analyze the frequency response of a second-order lead process and compensate it using lead-lag compensation. The experiment involves measuring the phase shift of the lead process output relative to the input at various frequencies. A bode plot of gain and phase versus frequency will be created. Then, using a compensator network with adjustable resistance and capacitance, the phase shift will be nulled to compensate the lead process. The goal is to analyze the lead process's frequency response and compensate it using a lag-lead network.

Uploaded by

Karthik Warrier
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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15MH302J – LINEAR AND DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS

EXERCISE 8

FREQUENCY RESPONSE AND COMPENSATION OF LEAD PROCESS

Date: Reg. No. :


LAB PREREQUISITES:
Exercise 1 to 7
PREREQUISITE KNOWLEDGE:
Fundamentals of control system and electronic equipments.
OBJECTIVES:
 To study and analyze frequency response of the second order lead process .
 To study and compensate the lead process using lead lag compensator.

THEORY:

Phase Lag Compensation

A system which has one zero and one dominating pole (the pole which is closer to origin that all other poles is
known as dominating pole) is known as lag network. If we want to add a dominating pole for compensation in
control system then, we have to select a lag compensation network.

The basic requirement of the phase lag network is that all poles and zeros of the transfer function of the
network must lie in (-) ve real axis interlacing each other with a pole located or on the nearest to the origin.

Effect of Phase Lag Compensation


1. Gain crossover frequency increases.
2. Bandwidth decreases.
3. Phase margin will be increase.
4. Response will be slower before due to decreasing bandwidth, the rise time and the settling time become
larger.

Advantages of Phase Lag Compensation


1. Phase lag network allows low frequencies and high frequencies are attenuated.
2. Due to the presence of phase lag compensation the steady state accuracy increases.

Disadvantages of Phase Lag Compensation


Due to the presence of phase lag compensation the speed of the system decreases.

DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING EXERCISE 8


15MH302J – LINEAR AND DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS

Advantages of Phase Lag Lead Compensation


1. Due to the presence of phase lag-lead network the speed of the system increases because it shifts
gain crossover frequency to a higher value.
2. Due to the presence of phase lag-lead network accuracy is improved.

FRONT PANEL DIAGRAM

DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING EXERCISE 8


15MH302J – LINEAR AND DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS

PROCEDURE:

1. Using patch card connect the input to LDin of Lead network as well as CRO(Ch-1)
2. Connect the LDout of Lead network to CRO (Ch-2).
3. Switch ON the power supply of unit
4. Set sine wave as input and note down the amplitude and frequency of the input signal
5. View the Lissajous pattern by using CRO, by means of keeping the CRO button in X-Y mode and
estimate the phase shift ( ) of the output signal compared to input due to the lag process response
6. Vary the frequency from low to high (above100Hz) and conduct the experiment and note down the
readings and tabulate it.
7. The phase angle ( ) is measured from Lissajous pattern as shown in figure
8. Plot the gain plot (Gain Vs Frequency) and phase plot(Phase Vs Frequency) in semilog graph sheet and
conclude the behavior of lead process

9. Note down the frequency, phase and begin to perform calculation to compensate lead network.
10. Assume different values of Resistance, Capacitance (R2, C1, C2) and connect suitable components
values on the compensator network. Connect a pot of 10kΩ as resistor R1.
11. Using patch cards Connect LDout toCin and connect Cout to Gain amplifier.
12. Connect the gain amplifier output to CRO (Ch-2).
13. Tune the potentiometer to null the phase shift and measure the value of the potentiometer R 1.

DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING EXERCISE 8


15MH302J – LINEAR AND DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS

TABULATION
Input Voltage Vi(V) = ……. V

Freq Freq Y1 Y2 Phase (Φ) O/P Voltage Gain


Vo 20logVo/Vi
(Hz) (rad/sec) (deg) (V) (dB)

MODEL GRAPH

DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING EXERCISE 8


15MH302J – LINEAR AND DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS

CALCULATION

DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING EXERCISE 8


15MH302J – LINEAR AND DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS

RESULT:
The frequency response of the second order lead process was analysed and bode plot obtained.
The second order lead process was compensated using a lag-lead compensator.

Evaluation Maximum Marks


Component Marks Obtained
Execution/Observation 30
Viva/Test 10
(This must be the last page of the exercise)

DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING EXERCISE 8

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