Women Entrepreneurship

PROJECT REPORT
ON
“WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP”
Submitted for partial fulfillment of requirement for the award of the degree
Of
BACHELOR OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES
Of
TILAK COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND COMMERCE

Vashi ,Navi Mumbai-400705
Session 2012-2013
Submitted by
Naina Duggad
Roll no-62008
Women Entrepreneurship
Declaration
I, the undersigned, hereby declare that the project report entitled “WOMEN
ENTREPRENEURSHIP” submitted by me is in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the
award of degree of Bachelor of Management Studies under the guidance of Prof.
________________________________ (internal guide name), is my original work & the

conclusions drawn therein are based on the material collected by myself.
The Report submitted is my own work & has not been duplicated from any other source. I shall
be responsible for any unpleasure moment / situation.
Place:
Date: Signature:
1
Acknowledgement
A successful project is the result of team work & co-ordination that includes not only the group
of developers who put forth the ideas, logic & efforts but also those who guide them. So, at the
completion of the project, I feel obliged to extent my gratitude towards all those who made
valuable contributions throughout my training period.
I am thankful for all the knowledge, guidance & support imparted by
Dr. / Prof.______________________(Director) to me who gave me invaluable knowledge.
In addition, I wish to convey deep sense of gratitude towards

Prof._________________________(name of H.O.D) at any time I needed.
At the end just as significantly, I would like to express my sincere thanks to, Prof.__________
(project guide), and all other staff members who have provided me excellent knowledge &
support throughout my Post Graduation.
I am very much thankful to my parents, brothers/sisters and friends for their continuous support.
2
ABSTRACT:
The educated Indian women have to go a long way to achieve equal rights and position because
traditions are deep rooted in Indian society where the sociological set up has been a male
dominated one. Despite all the social hurdles, Indian women stand tall from the rest of the crowd
and are applauded for their achievements in their respective field. The transformation of social
fabric of the Indian society, in terms of increased educational status of women and varied
aspirations for better living, necessitated a change in the life style of Indian women. She has
competed with man and successfully stood up with him in every walk of life and business is no
exception for this. These women leaders are assertive, persuasive and willing to take risks. They
managed to survive and succeed in this cut throat competition with their hard work, diligence
and perseverance.
The present paper endeavors to study the concept of women entrepreneur–Reasons women
become entrepreneurs -Reasons for slow progress of women entrepreneurs in India - suggestions
for the growth of women entrepreneurs- development of women entrepreneurship in India. An
survey on women working and their problem.
3
Index
Sr.No
Contents
Page
No
1.
Introduction.
5
2.
Definition.
8
3.
Concept of women entrepreneur.
11
4.
Objective.
12
5.
Research methodology.
13
6.
Reason for women becoming entrepreneur.
16
7.
Reason for slow progress of women entrepreneur.
18
8.
Suggestion for the growth of women entrepreneur.
22
9.
Women entrepreneurship role in today’s society.
25
10.
Some example of women entrepreneur.
27
11.
Needs and importance of women entrepreneur.
41
12.
Type of women entrepreneur.
42
13.
Future prospect of development of women entrepreneur.
44
14.
Steps taken by the government.
45
15.
Questionnaire.
48
16.
Conclusion.
67
17.
Suggestion.
69
18.
Limitation of the study.
70
19.
Bibliographies.
76
4
INTRODUCTION:
The educated women do not want to limit their lives in the four walls of the house. They demand
equal respect from their partners. However, Indian women have to go a long way to achieve
equal rights and position because traditions are deep rooted in Indian society where the
sociological set up has been a male dominated one. Women are considered as weaker sex and
always made to depend on men folk in their family and outside, throughout their life. The Indian
culture made them only subordinates and executors of the decisions made by other male
members, in the basic family structure. While at least half the brainpower on earth belongs to
women, women remain perhaps the world‘s most underutilized resource. Despite all the social
hurdles, India is brimming with the success stories of women. They stand tall from the rest of the
crowd and are applauded for their achievements in their respective field. The transformation of
social fabric of the Indian society, in terms of increased educational status of women and varied
aspirations for better living, necessitated a change in the life style of Indian women. She has
competed with man and successfully stood up with him in every walk of life and business is no
exception for this. These women leaders are assertive, persuasive and willing to take risks. They
managed to survive and succeed in this cut throat competition with their hard work, diligence
and perseverance. Ability to learn quickly from her abilities, her persuasiveness, open style of
problem solving, willingness to take risks and chances, ability to motivate people, knowing how
to win and lose gracefully are the strengths of the Indian women entrepreneurs.
Women entrepreneurship development is an essential part of human resource development. The

development of Women entrepreneurship is very low in India, especially in the rural areas.
Entrepreneurship amongst women has been a recent concern. Women have become aware of
their existence their rights and their work situation. However, women of middle class are not too
eager to alter their role in fear of social backlash. The progress is more visible among upper class
families in urban cities.
This project focuses on women entrepreneur. Any understanding of Indian women, of their
identity, and especially of their role taking and breaking new paths, will be incomplete
5
without a walk down the corridors of Indian history where women have lived and internalized
various role models. The project talks about the status of women entrepreneurs and the problem
faced by them when they ventured out to carve their own niche in the competitive world of
business environment.
The present report is an overview on the results of the survey that was carried out in the frame of
the project “Women entrepreneurship”.
The main aim of the survey was to find out what problems hinder women - in this case women
entrepreneurs - from taking part in economic decision making processes in the 25 EU Member
countries.
Women entrepreneurs were also questioned about the problems they faced when starting up an
enterprise and problems they face in the day-to-day running of their businesses. More general
questions about the size of their enterprises, their family background and their qualifications
were raised in order to complete the picture.
According to the results of the survey, the typical female entrepreneur is educated (with tertiary
education) runs a micro enterprise, has a husband and children but no help at home.
The woman creates her enterprise before the age of 35, after having gained some working
experience working for others. The main reason for creating her business is the desire for control
and freedom to take own decisions, yet she does not lose the perspective of making money out of
sight.
She dedicates over 48 hours (typically around 60 hours) to her business on a weekly basis, and
has made it thanks to hard work, perseverance, family support and solid self-confidence.
The main problems she faced when creating her enterprise were financial questions and
combining work and family. In the daily running of the businesses, these problems appear to
remain, liquidities and financial issues being a major concern, as well as the reconciliation of
work and family. There does not appear to be an easy solution to the reconciliation issue,
whereas financial issues can be overcome with a loan from the bank or alternative finance
sources (family or savings).
6
Studies have shown that successful Women entrepreneurs start their businesses as a second or
third profession. Because of their previous careers, women entrepreneurs enter the business
world later on in life, around 40–60 years old. As women are now overtaking their male peers
when it comes to education, having higher education degrees is one of significant characteristics
that many successful female entrepreneurs have in common.
“As a woman, I have no country.
As a woman, I want no country.
As a woman, the world is my country.”
-Virgina Woolf (1938)

7
DEFINITION:
Women entrepreneurs may be defined as “woman or group of women who initiate, organize
and run a business enterprise.”
Government of India has defined women entrepreneurs based on women participation in equity
and employment of a business enterprise. Accordingly, “a woman-run enterprise is defined as
an enterprise owned and controlled by a woman having a minimum financial stake of 51%
of the capital and giving at least 51% of the employment generated in the enterprise to
women.” Women become entrepreneurs due to economic factors which push them to be on their
own and urge them to do something independently. Women prefer to work from their own
residence. Difficulty in getting suitable jobs and the desire for social recognition motivate them
towards.
Concept of women entrepreneur:- “a small scale industrial unit or industry-related service or

business enterprise, managed by one or more women entrepreneur in a concern, in which they
will individually or jointly have a share capital of not less than 51% as shareholder of the private
limited company, members of co-operative society”.
Women constitute around half of the total world population. so is in India also. They are
therefore regarded as the better half of the society. In traditional families they were confines to
four walls performing household activities, but now they have come out to participate in different
spheres of activities like academics, politics, and administration and so on. Currently they have
plunged into industry running them successfully.
The country needs to mobilize and utilizes fully all its resources including human resources. The
participation of women in economic activities is necessary not only for human resource point of
view but is essential even for the objective of raising the status of women in society. The
economic status of women is now accepted as an indicator of a society’s stage of development.
Therefore, it becomes imperative for the government to frame policies for the development of
entrepreneurship among women. The long term objective of the development programmers for
women should aim to raise their economic and social status in order to bring
8
them into the mainstream of national life development. For this, due recognition has to be
accorded to the role and contribution of women in the various social, economic, political and
cultural activities.
Women owned businesses are highly increasing in the economies of almost all countries. The
hidden entrepreneurial potentials of women have gradually been changing with the growing
sensitivity to the role and economic status in the society. Skill, knowledge and adaptability in
business are the main reasons for women to emerge into business ventures. ‘Women
Entrepreneur’ is a person who accepts challenging role to meet her personal needs and become
economically independent. A strong desire to do something positive is an inbuilt quality of
entrepreneurial women, who is capable of contributing values in both family and social life. With
the advent of media, women are aware of their own traits, rights and also the work situations.
The glass ceilings are shattered and women are found indulged in every line of business from
pappad to power cables. The challenges and opportunities provided to the women of digital era
are growing rapidly that the jobseekers are turning into job creators. They are flourishing as
designers, interior decorators, exporters, publishers, garment manufacturers and still exploring
new avenues of economic participation. In India, although women constitute the majority of the
total population, the entrepreneurial world is still a male dominated one. Women in advanced
nations are recognized and are more prominent in the business world.
The Indian sociological set up has been traditionally a male dominated one. Women are
considered as weaker sex and always to depend on men folk in their family and outside,
throughout their life. They are left with lesser commitment and kept as a dormant force for a
quite long time. The Indian culture made them only subordinates and executors of the decisions
made by other male members in the basic family structure.
The traditional set up is changing in the modern era. The transformation of social fabric of the
Indian society, in terms of increased educational status of women and varied aspirations for
better living, necessitated a change in the life style of Indian women.
Indian families do have the privilege of being envied by the westerners, since women here are
taking more responsibilities on bringing up children and maintaining a better home with love and
affection. At the family level, the task of coordinating various activities in a much
9
effective in a manner, without feeling the pinch of inconveniences, is being carried out by the
women folk.
Thus, the Indian women have basic characters in themselves in the present sociological and
cultural setup as follows.
Indian women are considered as sakthi, which means source of power.
Effectively coordinating the available factors and resources.
Efficient execution of decisions imposed on them.
Clear vision and ambition on the improvement of family and children.
Patience and bearing the suffering on behalf of others and
Ability to work physically more at any age.

10
CONCEPT OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS:
Women Entrepreneurs may be defined as the women or a group of women who initiate, organize
and operate a business enterprise. The Government of India has defined women entrepreneurs as
―an enterprise owned and controlled by women having a minimum financial interest of 51 per
cent of the capital and giving at least 51 per cent of the employment generated in the enterprise
to women‖. Women entrepreneurs engaged in business due to push and pull factors which
encourage women to have an independent occupation and stands on their own legs. A sense
towards independent decision-making on their life and career is the motivational factor behind
this urge. Saddled with household chores and domestic responsibilities women want to get
independence. Under the influence of these factors the women entrepreneurs choose a profession
as a challenge and as an urge to do something new. Such a situation is described as pull factors.
While in push factors women engaged in business activities due to family compulsion and the
responsibility is thrust upon them.
11
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:
The study is based on secondary data which is collected from the published reports of RBI,
Surveys, Reports, newspapers, journals, websites, etc. The study was planned with the following
objectives:
To evaluate the factors responsible for encouraging women to become entrepreneurs
To study the impact of assistance by the government on women's entrepreneurship.
To study the policies, programmer, institutional networks and the involvement of support
agencies in promoting women's entrepreneurship.
To critically examine the problems faced by women entrepreneurs
To study about the women’s enhancement in various enterprise.
To determine what motivates women to start their own businesses.
To determine the unique challenges women face in managing their businesses.
The objective of our research study is to divert the attention of talented women of city towards
the available opportunities to become a successful entrepreneur.
Another important objective is to identify the businesses that are most suitable for women.
To find and highlight the major problems and hurdles in the way of women who want to start an
independent business in the city.
To gain insight of various avenues/ opportunities provided by the government.

12
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:
There particular areas are important for the proper execution of proposed research project.
Collection of secondary data.
Collection of primary data.
Data analysis technique
COLLECTION OF PRIMARY DATA.
Primary data was collected through pilot survey and well-structured questionnaire.
COLLECTION OF SECONDARY DATA.
Secondary data was collected through internet websites. some articles on the research topic were
also taken in consideration and data was also gathered from different business research books.
QUESTIONNAIRE.
For this research purpose we will prepare a questionnaire. And this questionnaire will
approximately contain 20 questions relating to concern problem. Nature of questionnaire will be
self-expletory while keeping in mind that questionnaire should be motivated in nature.
SAMPLING.
Sample size=60
13
SAMPLING TECHNIQUES:
As our target population is entrepreneur\ self-employed women, so i will do simple random

sampling.
Target population:
All entrepreneur\self-employed women in Mumbai.
Sampled population:
Women doing embroidery work
Women having their own beauty parlor
Women who are running schools for kids in areas.
TYPE OF INVESTIGATION:
In this research we have established a correlation between different variables affecting the
women entrepreneurial activities in the area.
TYPE OF STUDY:
It is a non-contrived setting because the research will done in the natural environment of the
organization where work proceeds normally and mostly correlation studies are conducted in non-
contrived setting and correlation studies done in organization are called field study.
14
FIELD WORK:
To gain the purpose i have surveyed the area within Mumbai and filled questionnaire from the
sampled population
UNIT OF ANALYSIS:
In this unit of analysis will be individual as well as group unit of analysis because i will
talk to individual women as well as women working in group.

15
REASONS FOR WOMEN BECOMING ENTREPRENEURS:
The glass ceilings are shattered and women are found indulged in every line of business. The
entry of women into business in India is traced out as an extension of their kitchen activities,
mainly 3P‘s, Pickle, Powder and Pappad. But with the spread of education and passage of time
women started shifting from 3P‘s to modern 3E‘s i.e., Energy, Electronics and Engineering.
Skill, knowledge and adaptability in business are the main reasons for women to emerge into
business ventures. ‗Women Entrepreneur’ is a person who accepts challenging role to meet her
personal needs and become economically independent. A strong desire to do something positive
is an inbuilt quality of entrepreneurial women, who is capable of contributing values in both
family and social life. With the advent of media, women are aware of their own traits, rights and
also the work situations. The challenges and opportunities provided to the women of digital era
are growing rapidly that the job seekers are turning into job creators. Many women start a
business due to some traumatic event, such as divorce, discrimination due to pregnancy or the
corporate glass ceiling, the health of a family member, or economic reasons such as a layoff. But
a new talent pool of women entrepreneurs is forming today, as more women opt to leave
corporate world to chart their own destinies. They are flourishing as designers, interior
decorators, exporters, publishers, garment manufacturers and still exploring new avenues of
economic participation.
The following flow chart shows the reasons for women becoming Entrepreneurs.
16
Innovative
New challenges and thinking
opportunities for self fulfillment
self identity and social status
Employment
generation
Education and
qualification
REASONS
WOMEN
BECOME
ENTREPRENE
URS
Freedom to take own decision

support of family members
and be independent
Family occupation
Role model to others
Need for additional income

17
REASONS FOR SLOW PROGRESS FOR WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS.
The problems and constraints experienced by women entrepreneurs have resulted in restricting
the expansion of women entrepreneurship. The major barriers encountered by women
entrepreneurs are:
The greatest deterrent to women entrepreneurs is that they are women. A kind of patriarchal-
male dominant social order is the building block to them in their way towards
business success. Male members think it a big risk financing the ventures run by women.
Male chauvinism is still prevalent in many parts of the country yet. Women are looked upon as
―able i.e. weak in all respects. In a male dominated society, women are not
treated equal to men that act as a barrier to woman‘s entry into business.
Women entrepreneurs have to face a stiff competition with the men entrepreneurs who easily
involve in the promotion and development area and carry out easy marketing of
their products with both the organized sector and their male counterparts. Such a competition
ultimately results in the liquidation of women entrepreneurs.
Lack of self-confidence, will-power, strong mental outlook and optimistic attitude amongst
women creates a fear from committing mistakes while doing their piece of work.
The family members and the society are reluctant to stand beside their entrepreneurial growth.
Women in India lead a protected life. They are even less educated, economically not stable nor
self-dependent which reduce their ability to bear risks and uncertainties
involved in a business unit,
18
The old and outdated social outlook to stop women from entering in the field of
entrepreneurship is one of the reasons for their failure. They are under a social pressure
which restrains them to prosper and achieve success in the field of entrepreneurship.
Unlike men, women mobility in India is highly limited due to many reasons. A single women
asking for room is still looked with suspicion. Cumbersome exercise involved in
starting with an enterprise coupled with officials humiliating attitude towards women
compels them to give up their spirit of surviving in enterprise altogether.
Women's family obligations also bar them from becoming successful entrepreneurs in both
developed and developing nations. The financial institutions discourage women
entrepreneurs on the belief that they can at any time leave their business and become
housewives again.
Indian women give more emphasis to family ties and relationships. Married women have to
make a fine balance between business and family. The business success also depends
on the support the family members extended to women in the business process and
management.
Women‘s family and personal obligations are sometimes a great barrier for succeeding
in business career. Only few women are able to manage both home and business efficiently,
devoting enough time to perform all their responsibilities in priority.
The educational level and family background of husbands also influences women
participation in the field of enterprise.
Absence of proper support, cooperation and back-up for women by their own family
members and the outside world people force them to drop the idea of excelling in the
19
enterprise field. They are always making many pessimistic feelings to be aroused in their
minds and making them feel that family and not business is a place meant for them.
Many women take the training by attending the Entrepreneurial Development programme
without an entrepreneurial bent of mind. Women who are imparted training by various
institutes must be verified on account of aptitude through the tests, interviews, etc.
High production cost of some business operations adversely affects the development of
women entrepreneurs. The installations of new machineries during expansion of the
productive capacity and like similar factors discourage the women entrepreneurs from
venturing into new areas.
Women controlled business are often small and it is not always easy for women to access the
information they need regarding technology, training, innovative schemes,
concessions, alternative markets, etc. Just a small percentage of women entrepreneurs avail
the assistance of technology and they too remain confined to word processing software in the
computer. They hardly make use of advanced software available like statistical software SAP,
Accounting Package like TALLY, Animation software 3D MAX, internet, etc.
Lack of awareness about the financial assistance in the form of incentives, loans, schemes
etc. by the institutions in the financial sector. So the sincere efforts taken towards women
entrepreneurs may not reach the entrepreneurs in rural and backward areas.
Achievement motivation of the women folk found less compared to male members. The low
level of education and confidence leads to low level achievement and advancement
motivation among women folk to engage in business operations and running a business
concern.
20
Apart from the above discussed problems there may occur other series of serious problems faced
by women entrepreneurs as improper infrastructural facilities, high cost of production, attitude of
people of society towards the women modern business outlook, low needs of enterprise. Women
also tend to start business about ten years later than men, on average. Motherhood, lack of
management experience, and traditional socialization has all been cited as reasons for delayed
entry into entrepreneurial careers.
21
SUGGESTIONS FOR THE GROWTH OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS:
Right efforts from all areas are required in the development of women entrepreneurs and their
greater participation in the entrepreneurial activities. Entrepreneurship basically implies being in
control of one‘s life and activities and women entrepreneurs need to be given confidence,
independence, and mobility to come out of their paradoxes. The following measures are
suggested to empower the women to seize various opportunities and face challenges in business.
There should be a continuous attempt to inspire, encourage, motivate and co- operate women
entrepreneurs.
An Awareness programmer should be conducted on a mass scale with the intention of creating
awareness among women about the various areas to conduct business.
Attempts should be there to enhance the standards of education of women in general as well
making effective provisions for their training, practical experience and personality
development programmers, to improvise their over-all personality standards.
Organize training programmers to develop professional competencies in managerial, leadership,

marketing, financial, production process, profit planning, maintaining books
of accounts and other skills. This will encourage women to undertake business.
Vocational training to be extended to women community that enables them to understand the
production process and production management.
Skill development to be done in women's polytechnics and industrial training institutes. Skills
are put to work in training-cum-production workshops.
22
Educational institutes should tie up with various government and non-government agencies
to assist in entrepreneurship development mainly to plan business projects.
International, National, Local trade fairs, Industrial exhibitions, seminars and conferences
should be organized to help women to facilitate interaction with other women
entrepreneurs.
Women in business should be offered soft loans & subsides for encouraging them into
industrial activities. The financial institutions should provide more working capital
assistance both for small scale venture and large scale ventures.
Making provision of micro credit system and enterprise credit system to the women
entrepreneurs at local level.
The weaker section could raise funds through various schemes and incentives provided by
the government to develop entrepreneurs in the state. E.g. the Prime ministers
RozgarYojana, The Khadi and Rural village industries scheme, etc.
In the initial stages women entrepreneurs may face problems but they must persevere, believe
in themselves and not give up mid-way.
Attempts by various NGO‘s and government organizations to spread information about

policies, plans and strategies on the development of women in the field of industry, trade
and commerce. Women entrepreneurs should utilize the various schemes provided by the
Government.
Women should try to upgrade themselves in the changing times by adapting the latest
technology benefits. Women must be educated and trained constantly to acquire the skills
and knowledge in all the functional areas of business management. This can facilitate women
to excel in decision making process and develop a good business network
23
Self-help groups of women entrepreneurs to mobilize resources and pooling capital funds, in
order to help the women in the field of industry, trade and commerce can also
play a positive role to solve this problem.
Women‘s entrepreneurship must be examined both at the individual level (i.e. the choice of
becoming self-employed) and at the firm level (the performance of women owned and
managed firms) in order to fully understand the differences between men‘s and women‘s
entrepreneurship.
To establish all India forums to discuss the problems, grievances, issues, and filing complaints
against constraints or shortcomings towards the economic progress path of
women entrepreneurs and giving suitable decisions in the favor of women entrepreneurs and
taking strict stand against the policies or strategies that obstruct the path of economic
development of such group of women entrepreneurs.
Thus by adopting the following aforesaid measures in letter and spirit the problems associated
with women can be solved. Entrepreneurship is not a bed of roses to women. Women
participation in many kinds of economic activities to complement to their family income, their
participation in no way reduces their family duties. The task of women has become more tedious
and full of challenges. Let us all make efforts to help women rediscover her.
24
WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP ROLE IN TODAY’S SOCIETY:
The emergence of entrepreneurs in a society depends to a great extent on economic, social,

religious, cultural and psychological factors prevailing in the society. In many of the advanced
countries of the world there is a phenomenal increase in the number of self-employed women
after the world war. In U.S women own 25% of all business, even though there sales on an
average are less than 2/5th of those of other small business groups. In Canada, 1/3rd of small
business are owned by women and in France, it is 1/5th. In U.K., since 1980, the number of self-
employed women has increased 3 times as fast as the number of self-employed men. They have
made their mark in business for the following reasons highlighted below:- 1) They want to
assume new and fresh challenges and opportunities for self-fulfillment. 2) They want to prove
their personalities in innovative, daring and competitive jobs. 3) They want to undertake
changes to control the balance between their families responsibly and business obligations.
Women Entrepreneurs in India: - Two main streams of thoughts have influenced the promotion
of women entrepreneurship in India by the government as well as by various other agencies. The
first stream is employment centered. It has been argued that considering their weaker bar-gaining
power in the market as well as society, women should be given higher priority in various
entrepreneurial schemes. The second most stream of thought relates to the argument for
autonomy of women.
An integrated view of these aspects is in the form of chart below:-
Entrepreneurial Background Labour Market
Backward Linkages Forward Linkages
Woman's Industry
Public Policy
25
WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN INDIA
States
No of Units
No. of Women
Percentage
Registered
Entrepreneurs
Tamil Nadu
9618
2930
30.36
Uttar Pradesh
7980
3180
39.84
Kerala
5487
2135
38.91
Punjab
4791
1618
33.77
Maharashtra
4339
1394
32.12
Gujarat
3872
1538
39.72
Karnataka
3822
1026
26.84
Madhya Pradesh
2967
842
28.38
Other States & UTS

14576
4185
28.71
Total
57,452
18,848
32.82
WOMEN WORK PARTICIPATION:

Country
Percentage
India (1970-1971)
14.2
India (1980-1981)
19.7
India (1990-1991)
22.3
India (2000-2001)
31.6
USA
45
UK
43
Indonesia
40
Sri Lanka
35
Brazil
35
26
SOME EXAMPLES OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEUR ARE:
The educated women do not want to limit their lives in the four walls of the house. They demand
equal respect from their partners. However, Indian women have to go a long way to achi eve
equal rights and position because traditions are deep rooted in Indian society.
Despite all the social hurdles, many women have become successful in their works. These succes
sful women have made name & wealth for themselves with their hard work, diligence, competen
ce and will power. Following is the list of few top Women Entrepreneurs in India.
27
Indu Jain
Name
Indujain
Born on
September 08, 1936
Place of birth
Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh
Works for
Bennett Coleman & Co Ltd
Position
Chairperson
Valued at
US $2.8 billion
Married to
Late Ashok Kumar Jain
Children
Two sons
Family:
75 year old billionaire, Indu Jain, was born into the country's most populous state, Uttar Pradesh.
She is the widow of late Ashok Kumar Jain, and is the mother of Samir Jain and Vineet Jain.
Fortune worth US $2.8 billion was inherited by her through sahujain family, the industrial family of
india.
Sahu Jains belong to a small town of Najibabad, Bijnor district, Uttar Pradesh.
28
Company profile.
Bennett Coleman & co. ltd is the nation’s largest media group. it was founded in the year 1838,
and is based in Mumbai, India. In 1948, Ram Krishna Dalmia sold out the company to the
present group, his son in law, Sahu Shanti Prasad. It provides media publishing service such as
magazines, internet and news papersHuge brand names such as The Economic Times, Times of
India, Famine, Sandhya Times, Times FM and Film fare are under its ownership. Along with this,
various television channels such as Times Now, Zoom and ET Now; and FM radio network like
Radio Mirchi also constitute its holdings.
The Times Group acts as its supreme fame-generating source. It is the most circulated English
daily newspaper, and is accordingly headed by Indu's sons Vineet and Samir. It was acquired
from a British group, and today sells more than 3 million copies worldwide. It employs over
7000 employees, publishes five dailies including two largest in the country, and owns fifteen
publishing centers, fifteen printing centers and fifty-five sales offices. It further runs two lead
magazines, twenty-nine niche magazines, thirty two radio stations and two television channels,
producing a turnover in excess of USD 700 million.
Indu, carefully guides every step taken towards the development of The Times Foundation, and
has successfully collected national and international acclaim for it. New Delhi is the landmark
for its headquarters.
BCCL strives to provide high quality of content in all its spheres of activity. Today, it has risen to
the position of India's largest media conglomerate. Initially, it was present in areas of print
media, but it's century old policy of innovation and birth of fresh ideas has diversified it into new
fields. The company gets its name from the partnership of Thomas Bennett, The Times of India's
first professional editor and F M Coleman.
The BhartiyaJnanipath, which was established in 1944, by the President of BCCL, awarded
excellence in creative literary writing to Indians in any language. Today, this prestigious award
lies within the powers of Indu Jain, herself. She is the chairperson of the BhartiyaJnanipath Trust,
and rightfully heads the post being a true patron of art and literature herself.
29
Failures
Doubts have been raised on the credibility of reports published in the TOI, time and again.
Revenue generation through advertisements is amongst the most easy and efficient route, taken
up by the media. Although, its usage is inevitable, the ever-rising advertisements in TOI, at
times, mislead the reader from the news, and direct him towards the flashy advertisements.
The recession of 2009 acted as a bonanza for its chairperson, shifting her a few places ahead in
her billionaire list, like her contemporaries. While the crisis had hit the poor and the working
class hardest, the billionaires whose greed and unscrupulousness caused it in the first place, only
grew richer; this act became an unethical blotch on Indu, although she might not be blamed for
any of it directly.
The Symbol of Matriarchy
A spiritualist at heart, Indu handles the philanthropic genre of the Times foundation. She also
writes spiritual columns for it. She is an active supporter of women's rights, and her passionate
fight for various causes is well-known.
Under her guidance, the Times Foundation runs community services, research groups and relief
funds for various disaster reliefs such as floods, cyclones, earthquakes and epidemics. She
encourages budding entrepreneurs and believes in their abilities to shine, and make way for
themselves in the world.
She stressed the need for oneness among faiths, in her speech at the United Nations in 2000, at
the Millennium World Peace Summit of religious and spiritual leaders. The Oneness Forum,
formally launched by the President of India in 2003, also works under the leadership of Indu
Jain.
Recently, Indian Congress of Women (ICW) awarded Indu Jain, an International Lifetime
Achievement Award, with women empowerment being the event's backdrop theme. She is the
founder President of the Ladies wing of FICCI (FLO). Today, The Times Group is India's most
profitable media company, and enjoys 50 percent urban market share of English dailies. Indu
Jain acts as the guiding force of the group, and continues to infuse new energy into it, leading
ways and heading all, like a true matriarch.
30
SulajjaFirodiaMotwani
Name
SulajjaFirodiaMotwani
Born on
August 26, 1970
Works for
Kinetic engineering Ltd.
Position
Managing Director
Married to
Manish Motwani
Children
One son.
Joint Managing Director of Kinetic Engineering Ltd, she is the in charge of the Company's overall
business developmental activities. She is also very well performing the role of the Director of
Kinetic Motor Company Limited and Kinetic Marketing Services Limited. Well, we are talking
about SulajjaFirodiaMotwani. In this article, we will provide you with the biography of
SulajjaFirodiaMotwani, who has made an incredible contribution in making the firm reach heights
of success.
She is a fitness person, who is very conscious about her health. She is very particular about
carrying out one or the other activity for keeping fit and active. She has always been enthusiastic
about sports, especially badminton. She has played badminton on the national level. She is also
very fond of pursuing adventurous sports like skiing & scuba diving. She tries to spend as much
31
time as possible with her five year old son Sidhant. Read on to know the complete life history of
SulajjaFirodiaMotwani.
Prior to joining Kinetic Company, Sulajja worked for a period of four years with a well known
investment analytics company, BARRA International, based in California. She has been an active
participant in setting the operations of the company in India. Throughout her studies, she has
been a rank holder. She has always cleared exams with merit. Her name appeared in the toppers
list in the SSC examinations and HSC examinations. She graduated from the Pune University.
Thereafter, she went to the United States for pursuing further studies. She is an MBA degree
holder from the reputed Carnegie Mellon University at Pittsburgh.
She is an epitome of boldness and courage. With her strong determination and courage, she has
been able to establish a niche for the firm in the business world. The Company has witnessed
tremendous expansion during her tenure. From being a mere moped manufacturer, today, it has
set its foothold in the industry as a manufacturer offering a complete range of two wheelers right
from mopeds, scooters to motorcycles.
This major transformation can be attributed to the new competitive business strategy that the
Company has adopted, which is driven by the market and customers. Kinetic Company has been
constantly coming up with new models to cater to all segments of the society. Sulajja has been
instrumental in designing and implementing the marketing strategies of the Company. In the
recent times, Kinetic has collaborated with the well known Italian company, Italjet Moto. This
acquisition has given full rights to the Kinetic Company to launch seven new scooter models in
the country.
Kinetic is also working in partnership with Hyosung Motors of South Korea. This major
collaboration has led to the launching of the most popular Kinetic Aquila and Comet. These
motorcycles are very much in demand. Sulajja has played an active role in plotting the course of
action for the Kinetic Company. For her great job, she has received many accolades. She has
been called upon to deliver speech in a number of public forums.
32
"India Today", a well known magazine honored her by presenting her with the title of business
"Face of the Millennium". It ranked her among the top twenty five business entrepreneurs of the
country. She was presented with the Society Young Achiever's Award for Business in the year
2002. The same year, she was chosen as the "Global Leader of Tomorrow" by the World
Economic Forum. In the year 2003, the Institute of Marketing and Management bestowed her
with the award for excellent performance as the woman CEO. She also received the Young Super
Achiever Award from the leading magazine "Business Today" in 2003.
33
KiranMazumdar Shaw
Name
KiranMazumdar Shaw
Born on
March 23, 1953
Place of birth
Bangalore
Works for
Biocon Ltd
Position
Chairman & Managing Director
Married to
John shaw
Achievement: Chairman & Managing Director of Biocon Ltd; Felicitated with Padmashri (1989)
and Padma Bhushan (2005).
KiranMazumdar Shaw is the Chairman & Managing Director of Biocon Ltd, India's biggest
biotechnology company. In 2004, she became India's richest woman.
KiranMazumdar Shaw was born on March 23, 1953 in Bangalore. She had her schooling at Bishop
Cotton Girls School and Mount Carmel College at Bangalore. After doing completing her B.Sc. in
Zoology from Bangalore University in 1973, she went to Ballarat University in Melbourne,
Australia and qualified as a master brewer.
34
KiranMazumdar Shaw started her professional career as trainee brewer in Carlton & United
Beverages in 1974. In 1978, she joined as Trainee Manager with BioconBiochemicals Limited in
Ireland. In the same year, KiranMazumdar Shaw founded Biocon India in collaboration with
BioconBiochemicals Limited, with a capital of Rs.10,000. She initially faced many problems
regarding funds for her business. Banks were hesitant to give loan to her as biotechnology was a
totally new field at that point of time and she was a woman entrepreneur, which was a rare
phenomenon.
Biocon's initial operation was to extract an enzyme from papaya. Under KiranMazumdar Shaw's
stewardship Biocon transformed from an industrial enzymes company to an integrated
biopharmaceutical company with strategic research initiatives. Today, Biocon is recognised as
India's pioneering biotech enterprise. In 2004, Biocon came up with an IPO and the issue was
over-subscribed by over 30 times. Post-IPO, KiranMazumdar Shaw held close to 40% of the
stock of the company and was regarded as India's richest woman with an estimated worth of Rs.
2,100 crore.
KiranMazumdar Shaw is the recipient of several prestigious awards. These include ET

Businesswoman of the Year, Best Woman Entrepreneur, Model Employer, Ernst& Young's
Entrepreneur of the Year Award for Life Sciences & Healthcare, Leading Exporter, Outstanding
Citizen, Technology Pioneer, etc. Government of India also felicitated her with Padmashri (1989)
and Padma Bhushan (2005).
35
NainaLalKidwa
Name
NainaLalKidwai.
Born on
born in year 1957
Place of birth
India
Works for
HSBC India
Position
CEO and Group General Manager
Married to
Rashid K. Kidwai
Children
One daughter
A prominent personality of the corporate world, she is the first woman to guide the functioning of a
foreign bank in India. At present, she is working as the Group General Manager and Country Head
of HSBC India. Well, we are talking about the corporate diva NainaLalKidwai.
She was born in the year 1957. Raised in Mumbai and Delhi, she did her schooling from Simla.
Alumna of Delhi University, she is the first Indian woman to have graduated from Harvard
36
Business School. She is among the top business women of India, who have made it to the top
with their constant hard work and sincerity.
She began her career in the year 1982, when she joined the ANZ Grindlays Bank, which is now
known as the Standard Chartered Bank. She took up a variety of banking assignments before
moving to Morgan Stanley's India operation. She kept climbing the ladders of success. She
played an important role in NYSE listing of Wipro. She was instrumental in facilitating the
cellular phone services nationwide through a deal involving the Tatas and Birlas. Last November,
she became the Managing Director of the HSBC bank.
In the year 2000, the Fortune magazine declared her as the third most powerful businesswoman
in Asia. She is the mother of two children, who is maintaining a great balance between work and
home. She is very fond of Indian classical as well as western music. She loves to go on trekking
tours to the Himalayas. She is a nature lover, who has a keen interest in observing the wildlife.
For her praiseworthy work, NainaLalKidwai has received many accolades. Her commendable
work has been given due recognition by honoring her with the Padmashri award.
37
IndraNooyi
Name
IndraNooyi
Born on
October 28, 1955
Place of birth
Chennai
Works for
PepsiCo
Position
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Married to
Raj K. Nooyi
Children
Two daughters
Personal:
IndraNooyi is married and has two daughters and lives in Greenwich, Conn. She enjoys cricket
and rock-and-roll.
38
Early Life:
As a school girl in Chennai, India, IndraNooyi had no inkling that decades later, she would
become the chief executive officer of PepsiCo and one of the world’s most influential
women.But she did have an idea about what it would be like to be an American.
“Growing up in India, I had a long-distance love affair with America,” Nooyi said in a 2010
speech to the Brennan Center for Justice. “I admired everything about this country — its ideals,
its commitment to justice, equality and its willingness to break barriers.”
Nooyi has broken many barriers in rising from student immigrant to corporate titan. After
earning a master’s of business administration degree at the Indian Institute of Management
Calcutta in 1976, Nooyi came to the United States to attend Yale University and study public and
private management.
From there, her love affair with America took root. She graduated from Yale in 1980 and joint a
Boston consulting firm, serving clients in the textiles and consumer goods industries.
Career:
Between 1986 and 1990, she worked for Motorola as vice president of corporate strategy and
guided the company’s development of automotive and industrial electronics.
She gained her U.S. citizenship in 1990, and four years later, joined PepsiCo. and quickly rose to
chief financial officer by 2001 after directing the company’s global strategy and internal
restructuring.
Nooyi is the architect of PepsiCo’s long-term growth strategy called Performance with Purpose.
The company wants to expand its business while it also expands its commitment to “investing in
a healthier future for people and the planet.”
The idea is to make PepsiCo products healthier and find innovative ways to reduce the use of
energy, water and packaging to protect the environment.
39
“To us, Performance with Purpose doesn’t mean we run our business normally and then do good
deeds on the side,” Nooyi has said. “It doesn’t mean subtracting from the bottom line to boost
our reputation or foregoing profits to ease our conscience. It means that we bring together what
is good for our business with what is good for the world. It is about integrating purpose in
everything we do.”
In 2011, Nooyi, 56, ran a company that had consumers in more than 200 countries, $60 billion in
revenue and nearly 300,000 employees worldwide. PepsiCo has the world’s largest portfolio of
billion-dollar food and beverage brands, including Quaker Oats, Tropicana, Gatorade, Frito-Lay
and the eponymous Pepsi-Cola.
Nooyi serves as a member of a number of boards, including the U.S.-China Business Council,
the U.S.-India Business Council, the Consumer Goods Forum, and the Lincoln Center for the
Performing Arts. She is also a member of the Foundation Board of the World Economic Forum
and the Obama administration appointed her to the U.S.-India CEO Forum. She has served as the
honorary co-chair for the World Justice Project.
“We measure everything we do along three planks,” Nooyi says of Performance with Purpose.
“Human sustainability is how we transform our portfolio and address the twin problems of
overnutrition and undernutrition while giving people healthier options. Environmental
sustainability is about how we leave the world a better place and about finding innovative ways
to reduce the use of energy, water, and packaging. Talent sustainability is about building a
company where employees don’t just make a living, they can have a life and bring their whole
selves to work.”
Awards:
As the fifth CEO in PepsiCo’s 45-year history, Nooyi earns a total package of salary, bonuses
and stocks worth close to $15 million a year. In 2010, she was named No. 1 on Fortune
magazines list of the 50 Most Powerful Women in the World and routinely ranks in the top 10 of
Forbes’ list. In 2009, she was named CEO of the Year by the Global Supply Chain Leaders
Group.
40
NEED AND INPORTANCE OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS:
It is imperative to note the participation of women in economic activities as self-employed

individuals. Many of the traditional occupations open to women were mainly based on caste,
creed and the nature of self-employment based on the standard of living. Presently, women are
generating employment for themselves in an unorganized sector and another category of women
who provide employment for others.
The country needs to mobilize and utilize fully all its resources including human resources. The
participation of women in economic activities is necessary not only from a human resource point
of view but also is essential even from the objective of raising the status of women in the society.
The economic status of the women is now accepted as an indicator of a society’s stage of
development and therefore it becomes imperative for the government to frame policies for
development of entrepreneurship among women. The long-term objectives of the development
programmers for women should aim to raise their economic and social status in order to bring
them into the mainstream of national life and development. For this, due recognition has to be
accorded to the role and contribution of women in the various social economic and political and
cultural activities.
41
WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS ARE BROADLY DIVIDED INTO THE FOLLOWING
CATEGORIES:
1. Affluent Entrepreneurs:
Affluent women entrepreneurs are those women entrepreneurs who hail from rich business
families. They are the daughters, daughter-in laws, sisters, sister-in-laws and wives of affluent
people in the society. Many of them are engaged in beauty parlous, interior decoration, book
publishing, film distribution and the like. The family supports the above type of entrepreneur in
carrying out their responsibilities
2. Pull Factors:
Women in towns and cities take up entrepreneurship as a challenge to do something new and to
be economically independent. These are coming under the category of pull factors. They belong
to educated women who generally lake up small and medium industries where risk is low. Under
this category, women usually start service center’s schools, food catering centers, restaurants,
grocery shops etc.
3. Push Factors:
There are some women entrepreneurs who accept entrepreneurial activities to overcome financial
difficulties. The family situation forces them either to develop the existing family business or to
start new ventures to improve the economic conditions of the family. Such categories of
entrepreneurs are termed as push factors.
42
4. Self-employed Entrepreneur:
Poor and very poor women in villages and town rely heavily on their own efforts for sustenance.
They start tiny and Small enterprises like brooms making, wax candle making, providing tea and
coffee to offices, ironing of clothes knitting work, tailoring firm etc. Such women are called self-
employed entrepreneurs.
5. Rural Entrepreneurs:
Women in rural areas/villages start enterprises which needs least organizing skill and less risk.
Dairy products, pickles, fruit juices, pappads and jagger making are coming under this category
of rural entrepreneur.
43
FUTURE PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS:
If we see the present business and entrepreneurship trend throughout the world, we can notice
that the percentage or ratio of women entrepreneurs is growing tremendously. This is a good
indicator as if the aforesaid condition prevails through a long period of time the number of
women entrepreneurs will just double and even in certain sectors of economy it may triple in the
coming 5-7 years. The emergence as well as development of women entrepreneurs is quite
visible in India and their over-all contribution to Indian economy is also very significant. The
occupational structure and the enterprises are undergoing a drastic change. IT and the Internet
revolutionize the very method of doing business. New types of enterprises are created, and there
are new requirements as regards the organization of work, qualifications and management. For
example in Den- mark, Entrepreneurial culture is undergoing a positive development. The
Government wants this trend to continue. Therefore the Government’s industrial policy strategy .
21 contain a series of political initiatives to foster the entrepreneurial culture and to improve the
framework of provisions for all entrepreneurs, especially the women group of entrepreneurs.
Several of the initiatives are especially useful for women entrepreneurs’ improvement of the
entrepreneurial culture, regional contact points and entrepreneur networks as well as more ready
access to financing, especially to small loans. These initiatives are to be further adjusted to
appeal to women entrepreneurs. All this is providing immense confidence in the women
entrepreneurs and enabling them to exercise their skills, risk taking abilities, uncertainty bearing
attitude while working in an enterprise. To inspire confidence and to “sell one’s idea” is the
policynowadays being adopted by women entrepreneurs. Above all, women want competent
counseling in various fields: such as namely: financing, liquidity, budgeting, etc. Women
entrepreneurs also want more appreciation of their idea on the part of the banks. Many say,
however, that they themselves must also be better at selling their idea. More-over with
increasing government and non-government and other financial institutions assistance for various
women entrepreneurs within the economy there can be significant increase brought about in
the growth of women entrepreneurship process. Still efforts are being made to coordinate with
the enterprise activities of women and providing them utmost financial, morale, psychological
support by various institutions working within the economy and world-wide.
44
STEPS TAKEN BY THE GOVERNMENT
Development of women has been a policy objective of the government since independence.
Untilthe 70s the concept of women‘s development was mainly welfare oriented. In 1970s, there
was a shift from welfare approach to development approach that recognised the mutually
reinforcing nature of the process of development. The 80s adopted a multi-disciplinary approach
with an ZENITH
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research emphasis on three core areas of health,

education and employment. Women were given priorities in all the sectors including SSI sector.
Government and non government bodies have paid increasing attention to women‘s economic
contribution through self employment and industrial ventures.
The First Five-Year Plan (1951-56) envisaged a number of welfare measures for women.
Establishment of the Central Social Welfare Board, organization of MahilaMandals and the
Community Development Programmes were a few steps in this direction.
In the second Five-Year Plan (1956-61), the empowerment of women was closely linked with the
overall approach of intensive agricultural development programmers’.
The Third and Fourth Five-Year Plans (1961-66 and 1969-74) supported female education as a
major welfare measure.
The Fifth Five-Year Plan (1974-79) emphasized training of women, who were in need of income
and protection.
This plan coincided with International Women‘s Decade and the submission of Report of the
Committee on the Status of Women in India. In1976, Women‘s welfare and Development Bureau
was set up under the Ministry of Social Welfare.
The Sixth Five-Year Plan (1980-85) saw a definite shift from welfare to development. It
recognized women‘s lack of access to resources as a critical factor impending their growth.
45
The Seventh Five-Year Plan (1985-90) emphasized the need for gender equality and
empowerment. For the first time, emphasis was placed upon qualitative aspects such as
inculcation of confidence, generation of awareness with regards to rights and training in skills for
better employment.
The Eight Five-Year Plan (1992-97) focused on empowering women, especially at the Gross
Roots Level, through Panchayati Raj Institutions.
The Ninth Five-Year Plan (1997-2002) adopted a strategy of Women‘s Component Plan, under
which not less than 30 percent of funds/ benefits were earmarked for women related sectors.
The Tenth Five-Year Plan (2002-07) aims at empowering women through translating the recently
adopted National Policy for Empowerment of Women (2001) into action and ensuring Survival,
Protection and Development of women and children through rights based approach. At present,
the Government of India has over 27 schemes for women operated by different departments and
ministries. Some of these are:
Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP)
Khadi And Village Industries Commission (KVIC)
Training of Rural Youth for Self-Employment (TRYSEM)ZENITH
Prime Minister‘s RojgarYojana (PMRY)
Entrepreneurial Development programme (EDPs)
Management Development progammes
Women‘s Development Corporations (WDCs)
Marketing of Non-Farm Products of Rural Women (MAHIMA)
Assistance to Rural Women in Non-Farm Development (ARWIND) schemes
Trade Related Entrepreneurship Assistance and Development (TREAD)
Working Women‘s Forum
Indira MahilaYojana
Indira Mahila Kendra
MahilaSamitiYojana
MahilaVikasNidhi
Micro Credit Scheme
46
RashtriyaMahilaKosh
SIDBI‘s MahilaUdyamNidhi
MahilaVikasNidhi
SBI‘s Stree Shakti Scheme
NGO‘s Credit Schemes
Micro & Small Enterprises Cluster Development Programmes (MSE-CDP).
National Banks for Agriculture and Rural Development‘s Schemes
Rajiv Gandhi MahilaVikasPariyojana (RGMVP)
Priyadarshini Project- A programme for ‗Rural Women Empowerment and Livelihood in
Mid Gangetic Plains‘
NABARD- KfW-SEWA Bank projectZENITH
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research

Exhibitions for women, under promotional package for Micro & Small enterprises approved by
CCEA under marketing support
The efforts of government and its different agencies are ably supplemented by NGOs that are
playing an equally important role in facilitating women empowerment. Despite concerted efforts
of governments and NGOs there are certain gaps. Of course we have come a long way in
empowering women yet the future journey is difficult and demanding.
47
FEQUENCY DISTRIBUTION
1.a) Age Category:
Age
Frequency
Percent
Cumulative
percent
Below 18
2
3.3
3.3
18-25
18
30.0
33.3
26-35
13
21.7
55.0
36-45
7
11.7
66.7
46-55
15
25.0
91.7
55 and above
5
8.3
100
Total
60
100
Age category
3%
8%
30%
below 18
18-25
25%
26-35
36-45
46-55
55 and above
12%
22%
Interpretation:
This question is designed to get the personal information about the age of women entrepreneur.
Most of the women lie in the age group of 18 to 25 years i.e. 30%.
48
b) Your age when you start this business:
Age
Frequency
Percent
Cumulative
percent
Below 18
11
18.3
18.3
18-25
22
36.7
55.0
26-35
7
11.7
66.7
36-45
16
26.7
93.7
46-55
4
6.7
100
Total
60
100.0
your age when you start your business.

7%
18%
Below 18
27%
18-25
26-35
36-45
46-55
36%
12%
Interpretation:
This question is designed to know that at what age mostly women involve in the entrepreneurial
activity and from this i got to know the most of the women start their own business at the age of
18-25 years.
49
2. Marital Status?
Frequency
Percent
Cumulative
percent
Unmarried
16
26.7
26.7
Married
31
51.7
78.3
Separated
6
10.0
88.3
Divorced
5
8.3
96.7
Widow
2
3.3
100.0
Total
60
100.0
Marital status.
3%
8%
27%
10%
Unmarried
Married
Separated
Divorced
Widow
52%
Interpretation:
This question is designed to know that how many women entrepreneur are married, unmarried,
separated and divorced, widow. Thus i got to know that majority of women entrepreneur are
married i.e. 52%
50
3. Which person inspires you to do your own work?
Frequency
Percent
Cumulative
percent
Family member
30
50.0
50.0
Friend
6
10.0
60.0
Neighbors
3
5.0
65.0
Any other
21
35.0
100.0
Total
60
100
Which person inspires you to do your own work.

35%
Family member
Friend
50%
Neighbors
Any other
5%
10%
Interpretation:
I have designed this question to know that what the major inspiration for the women is to start
their own business and form this i have got to know that their family member have inspired them
the most to start their own business i.e. 50%
51
4. Do you have any experience of working before anywhere?
Frequency
Percent
Cumulative
percent
Not at all
25
41.7
41.7
Some what
11
18.3
60.0
Moderately
20
33.3
93.3
Very much
4
6.7
100.0
Total
60
100.0
Do you have any experience of working before anywhere
7%
Not at all
42%
33%
Some what
Moderately
Very much
18%
Interpretation:
I have mainly designed this question mainly to know whether these women entrepreneur have
any previous work experience and thus from this I have got to know that most of the women
don’t have any work experience.
52
5. How you can well define the purpose of your job?
Frequency
Percent
Cumulative
percent
To satisfy your
financial needs
33
55.0
55.0
Desire to enjoy the job for
its own rewards

10
16.7
71.7
To prove yourself
3
5.0
76.7
To become independent
14
23.3
100.0
Total
60
100.0
How you can well define the purpose of your job
23%
To satisfy your financial needs
Desire to enjoy the job for its
own rewards
5%
To prove yourself
55%
To become independent
17%
Interpretation:
This question is designed to know about what is the main purpose for the women entrepreneur to
start this business and I found that mostly women start for satisfaction of their financial needs.
53
6. Do the people in the society criticize upon you for doing this work?
Frequency
Percent
Cumulative
percent
Not at all
1
1.7
1.7
Some what
19
31.7
33.3
Moderately
23
38.3
71.7
Very much
17
28.3
100
Total
60
100.0
Do the people in the society criticize upon you for doing this work
2%
28%
32%
Not at all
Some what
Moderately
Very much
38%
Interpretation:
I have designed this question mainly to know whether the women who are doing their own
business face any criticism from the society and thus I have got to know these social cultural
constraints are the major problem women are facing now days.
54
7. Are you taking any of the following steps to enhance your skills?
Frequency
Percent
Cumulative
percent
Getting education
18
30.0
30.0
Getting computer training
5
8.3
38.3
Getting training in the
7
11.7
50.0
required field
Seeking advice from some

30
50.0
100.0
experienced person
Total
60
100.0
Are you taking any of the following steps to enhance your skills
30%
Getting education
50%
Getting training in the required
field
8%
Seeking advice from some
experienced person
12%
Interpretation:
I have got to know that mostly entrepreneur are getting training in the required to future enhance
their skill, while only some of them are getting educated but only a small percentage is forced to
get the computer training.
55
8. Is your family supporting you in your activities?
Frequency
Percent
Cumulative
percent
Not at all
5
8.3
8.3
Some what
18
30.0
38.3
Moderately
30
50.0
88.3
Very much
7
11.7
100.0
Total
60
100.0
Is your family supporting you in your activities.
8%
12%
Not at all
30%
Some what
Moderately
Very much
50%
Interpretation:
Answer for this question is to some extent their family supports them.
56
9. Do you face any problem in managing your work and the personallife?
Frequency
Percent
Cumulative
percent
Not at all
8
13.3
13.3
A little bit
22
36.7
50.0
Moderate
24
40.0
90.0
A lot of
6
10.0
100.0
Total
60
100.0
Do you face any problem in managing you work and the personal life.
10%
13%
Not at all
A little bit
40%
Moderate
37%
A lot of
Interpretation:
This question is designed to know whether these women face any difficulty in managing their
work and personal life. Andi come to know that these women face moderate difficulties in
managing all this i.e. 40%
57
10. What was the very first problem that you face while starting your business?
Frequency
Percent
Cumulative
percent
Finance
30
50.0
50.0
Social support
11
18.3
68.3
Experience
12
20.0
88.3
Mentor
5
8.3
96.7
Any other
2
3.3
100.0
Total
60
100.0
What was the very first problem that you face while starting your
business.
8
% 3%
Finance
S ocial support 20%
50%
19%
Interpretation:
Experience
Mentor
Any other
In this question i asked
from women
entrepreneurs about the
very first problem they
face at the start of their
business. And they said
that the very first
problem they face is
the availability of
finance i.e. 50%
58
11. How do you rank following in the order of importance for entrepreneurial activities?
Frequency
Percent
Cumulative
percent
Finance
31
51.7
51.7
Communication
3
5.0
56.7
Training
12
20.0
76.7
Mobility
5
8.3
85.0
Social support
9
15.0
100.0
Total
60
100.0
How do you rank following in the order of importance for

entrepreneurial activities.
15%
Finance
8%
Communication
Training
52%
Mobility
20%
Social support
5%
Interpretation:
In this question we asked about the importance of these things in their entrepreneurial activities
i.e. which thing is most important and which is least. Here I came to know that finance is the
most important and then training, social support, mobility and communication respectively.
59
12. What do you think govt. should do to promote women entrepreneurial activities?
Frequency
Percent
Cumulative
percent
Open vocational training
institutes in rural areas

13
21.7
21.7
Relaxation in the terms of
microfinance.
19
31.7
53.3
Other
28
46.7
100.0
Total
60
100.0
What do you think govt. should do to promote women entrepreneurial

actitivities.
institutes
32% in rural
areas
22%
Relaxation
in the
terms of
46% microfinan
Open ce.
vocational
training Other
ac c tion any other where they have said
tiv h that they should do workshops or
iti o seminar, gives more opportunities
es. s or privileges to these women as
H e well as to promote their attempt of
er n this venture.
Interpretation: e t
th h
The question is designed to know ey e
that what the government should to ha o
do for promotion of these ve p 60
13. What type of enterprise are you engaged in?
Frequency
Percent
Cumulative
percent
Trade
2
3.3
3.3
Services
36
60.0
63.3
Manufacture
21
35.0
98.3
Any other
1
1.7
100.0
Total
60
100.0
What type of enterprise are you engaged in.

2%
3%
35%
Trade
Services
Manufacture
Any other
60%
Interpretation:
In this question I asked about the type of business they are engaged in and most of the women
are engaged in service business i.e. 60%
61
14. What was the major source of money you started this enterprise with?
Frequency
Percent
Cumulative
percent
Borrowed/got
loan
from
financial institution
8
13.3
13.3
Savings over a period of
time
4
6.7
20.0
Savings
from
other
enterprise/business
16
26.7
46.7
Borrowed
from
a
friend/relative
5
8.3
55.0
Help from friend/relative
11
18.3
73.0
Other
16
26.7
100.0
Total
60
100.0
What was the major source of money you started this entreprise with.
Borrowed/got loan from financial institution
13%
Savings over a period of time
27%
7%
Savings from other enterprise/business
Borrowed from a friend/relative
18%
27%
8%
Other
62
Interpretation:
In this question I was mainly concerned to know about that form where mostly women
entrepreneur arrange for their start up finance and thus from this I have got to know the main
source they employ are the saving over a period of time and help from friend\ relative.
63
15. Is the enterprise registered?
Frequency
Percent
Cumulative
percent
Yes
25
41.7
41.7
No
35
58.3
100.0
Total
60
100.0
Is the enterprise registered.
42%
yes
no
58%
Interpretation:
This question mainly address to one of the most important issues that women are facing because
of no registration of their work and even today the percentage of unregistered work is more than
that of registered and because of this their work is unable to get so much recognition.
64
16. Do you contribute money from your business towards household expenditure?
Frequency
Percent
Cumulative
percent
Somewhat
3
5.0
5.0
Moderate
22
36.7
41.7
Very much
35
58.3
100.0
Total
60
100.0
Do you contribute money from your business towards household

expenditure.
37%
5% So
me
wh
at
Moderate
58%
Very much
T
17. Have you take any type of training before or after the start of this business?
Frequency
Percent
Cumulative
percent
Training before start of
business
42
70.0
70.0
Training after start of
business
12
20.0
90.0
No training
6
10.0
100.0
Total
60
100.0
Have you take any type of training before or after the start of this
business.
10%
20%
Training before start of business
Training after start of business
No training
70%
Interpretation:
In this question I was mainly concerned to know about the %age of women who take training
related to their business and thus I found that about 80% of these women take training related to
their business before starting it.
66
CONCLUSTION;
India is brimming with the success stories of women. They stand tall from the rest of the crowd
and are applauded for their achievements in their respective field. These women leaders ar e
assertive, persuasive and willing to take risks. They managed to survive and succeed in this cut
throat competition with their hard work, diligence and perseverance.
Ability to learn quickly from her abilities, her persuasiveness, open style of problem solvi ng,
willingness to take risks and chances, ability to motivate people, knowing how to win and lose
gracefully are the of the Indian women entrepreneurs.
In a survey it is revealed that the female entrepreneurs from India are generating more wealth
than the women in any part of the world. The basic qualities required for entrepreneurs and the
basic characters of Indian women, reveal that, much potential is available among the Indian
women on their entrepreneurial ability. This potential is to be recogni zed, brought out and
exposed for utilization in productive and service sectors for the developmen t of the nation.
It can be said that today we are in a better position wherein women participation in the field of
entrepreneurship is increasing at a considerable rate. Efforts are being taken at the economy as
brought promise of equality of opportunity in all spheres to the Indian women and laws
guaranteed equal rights of participation in political process and equal opportunities and rights in
education and employment were enacted. But unfortunately, the government sponsored
development activities have benefited only a small section of women i.e. the urban middle class
women. Women sector occupies nearly 45% of the Indian population. At this juncture, effective
steps are needed to provide entrepreneurial awareness, orientation and skill development
programs to women. The role of Women entrepreneur in economic development is also being
recognized and steps are being taken to promote women entrepreneurship. Resurgence of
entrepreneurship is the need of the hour emphasizing on educating women strata of population,
67
spreading awareness and consciousness amongst women to outshine in the enterprise field,
making them realize their strengths, and important position in the society and the great
contribution they can make for their industry as well as the entire economy. Women
entrepreneurship must be moulded properly with entrepreneurial traits and skills to meet the
changes in trends, challenges global markets and also be competent enough to sustain and strive
for excellence in the entrepreneurial arena. If every citizen works with such an attitude towards
respecting the important position occupied by women in society and understanding their vital
role in the modern business field too, then very soon we can pre-estimate our chances of out
beating our own conservative and rigid thought process which is the biggest barrier in our
country‘s development process.
We always viewed that a smart woman can pick up a job any day, but if she becomes an
entrepreneur she can provide a livelihood to 10 more women at least..!! Highly educated,
technically sound and professionally qualified women should be encouraged for managing their
own business, rather than dependent on wage employment outlets. The unexplored talents of
young women can be identified, trained and used for various types of industries to increase the
productivity in the industrial sector.
Women are naturals when it comes to multitasking. They can deftly handle home, business and
entrepreneurship. They are a great resource that remains untapped till date.
Women entrepreneurs are more cautious, and will usually (read take calculated risks. They are
great at communication and at building relationships, and are great at problem-solving.
They don’t really need to go to a B-School to learn management techniques, they are naturals at
it!
As women, I think we should encourage other women to set up business and grow into
employers and eventually become wealth generators. They just need to be convinced that they
can. I wish more banks / financial institutions would come forward to assist women
entrepreneurs.
68
SUGGESTIONS:
Government should arrange exhibitions on quarterly, semiannually or annual basis to

promote the work of women entrepreneurs in the rural areas as this will provide them a
platform where they can bring their work on scene.
Government should train the employees who work in the micro financialinstitutions as to
how to deal with the customers and tell them the benefits of thescheme.
Government should do extensive ad campaigns to promote the work of thesewomen not only
within the country but also at the international level.
Awareness should be created among these women as to how they can gainsuccess in their
business by getting proper education and getting required skills.
There should be relaxations in the terms of micro finance so that they can easily start their
own business.
Society should not only support but also encourage such women who are source of pride for
the nation.
Special buses should be run for females so that they do not face any kind of problem while
traveling.
69
LIMITATION AND SCOPE OF THE STUDY
Project survey has been conducted in Mumbai itself. Most of the respondents are from
Mumbai.
I have to conduct survey at least with 60 respondents within Mumbai. My project is basically
related on women entrepreneur and their problems related questions.
Poorresponse from respondents in providing necessary relevant primary data.
Limited availability of time for the study
Limited availability of women entrepreneur to gather proper womenentrepreneurs

database.
N0 co-operation of women entrepreneur in giving some critical information for the study.
Geographical limitation for the study was limited only to certain selected regions of
Mumbai.
70
SURVEY QUESTIONS.
1. a) Age Category:
Below 18
18-25
26-35
36-45
46-55
55 and above
Your age when you start this business:
Below 18
18-25
26-35
36-45
46-55
55 and above
Marital Status?
Single
Married
Separated
Divorced
Which person inspires you to do your own work?
•Your family member
•your friend
•One from your neighboring area
•Any other
71
Do you have any experience of working before anywhere?
•Not at all
•Some what
•Moderately
•very much
How you can well define the purpose of your job?
•To satisfy your financial needs
•Desire to enjoy the job for its own rewards
•To prove yourself
•To become independent
Do the people in the society criticize upon you for doing this work?
Not at all
Some what
Moderatel
Very much
Are you taking any of the following steps to enhance your skills?
Getting education
Getting training in the required field
Seeking advice from some experienced person
Is your family supporting you in your activities?
Not at all
Some what
Moderately
Very much21.
72
Do you face any problem in managing your work and the personallife?
Not at all
A little bit
Moderate
Yes a lot
What was the very first problem that you face while starting your business?
Finance
Social support
Experience
Mentor
Any other(______)
How do you rank following in the order of importance for entrepreneurial activities?
Finance
Communication
Training
Mobility
Social support
What do you think govt. should do to promote women entrepreneurial activities?
Open vocational training institutes in rural areas
Relaxation in the terms of microfinance
Others( please state)

73
What type of enterprise are you engaged in?
Trading
Services
Manufacturing
Other
What was the major source of money you started this enterprise with?
Borrowed/got loan from financial institution
Savings over a period of time
Savings from other enterprise/business
Borrowed from a friend/relative
Other (specify)_________
Is the enterprise registered?
Yes
No
Do you contribute money from your business towards household expenditure?
Not at all
Some what
Moderately
Very much
Have you taken any type of training before or after the start of this business?
Type of training before start of this business______
Type of training after start of this business________

No training
74
18. What changes do you see in your standard of living after becoming a women
entrepreneur?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………
19. Give 2-3 most prominent problems faced by women entrepreneurs in Mumbai?
1.……… 2……..3……
75
BIBILOGRAPHIES:
WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS, Business week
http://www.scribd.com/doc/38873225/Research-on-Women-Entrepreneur
http://www.womensweb.in/articles/women-entrepreneurship-in-india/
http://definitions.uslegal.com/w/women-entrepreneurs/
http://www.indianmba.com/Faculty_Column/FC293/fc293.html
http://www.scribd.com/doc/11124365/Women-Entrepreneurs imp
Carter S. and Rosa P. (1998) ‘The financing of male- and female-owned businesses’
Entrepreneurship and Regional Development
http://joc.hcc.edu.pk/articlepdf/joc_3_3_43_49.pdf
http://www.youthkiawaaz.com/2011/01/top-10-women-entrepreneurs-and-leaders-of-india/
http://www.smallindustryindia.com
76

Women Entrepreneurship

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Women Entrepreneurship

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Women Entrepreneurship

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

PROJECT REPORT

BACHELOR OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES

TILAK COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND COMMERCE

________________________________ (internal guide name), is my original work & the

I am thankful for all the knowledge, guidance & support imparted by

Dr. / Prof.______________________(Director) to me who gave me invaluable knowledge.

In addition, I wish to convey deep sense of gratitude towards

Women entrepreneurship development is an essential part of human resource development. The

“As a woman, I have no country.

As a woman, I want no country.

As a woman, the world is my country.”

-Virgina Woolf (1938)

Concept of women entrepreneur:- “a small scale industrial unit or industry-related service or

Indian women are considered as sakthi, which means source of power.

Effectively coordinating the available factors and resources.

Efficient execution of decisions imposed on them.

Clear vision and ambition on the improvement of family and children.

Patience and bearing the suffering on behalf of others and

Ability to work physically more at any age.

CONCEPT OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS:

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

To evaluate the factors responsible for encouraging women to become entrepreneurs

To study the impact of assistance by the government on women's entrepreneurship.

To critically examine the problems faced by women entrepreneurs

To study about the women’s enhancement in various enterprise.

To determine what motivates women to start their own businesses.

To determine the unique challenges women face in managing their businesses.

To gain insight of various avenues/ opportunities provided by the government.

Collection of secondary data.

Collection of primary data.

Data analysis technique

COLLECTION OF PRIMARY DATA.

COLLECTION OF SECONDARY DATA.

As our target population is entrepreneur\ self-employed women, so i will do simple random

All entrepreneur\self-employed women in Mumbai.

Women doing embroidery work

Women having their own beauty parlor

Women who are running schools for kids in areas.

talk to individual women as well as women working in group.

REASONS FOR WOMEN BECOMING ENTREPRENEURS:

Freedom to take own decision

Need for additional income

REASONS FOR SLOW PROGRESS FOR WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS.

SUGGESTIONS FOR THE GROWTH OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS:

Organize training programmers to develop professional competencies in managerial, leadership,

Attempts by various NGO‘s and government organizations to spread information about

WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP ROLE IN TODAY’S SOCIETY:

The emergence of entrepreneurs in a society depends to a great extent on economic, social,

An integrated view of these aspects is in the form of chart below:-

Entrepreneurial Background Labour Market

Backward Linkages Forward Linkages

WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN INDIA

Other States & UTS

WOMEN WORK PARTICIPATION:

SOME EXAMPLES OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEUR ARE:

The Symbol of Matriarchy

KiranMazumdar Shaw is the recipient of several prestigious awards. These include ET

NEED AND INPORTANCE OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS:

It is imperative to note the participation of women in economic activities as self-employed