DIFFERENTIATION OF

TRIGONOMETRIC
FUNCTIONS
Engr. Sarah Grace de Castro
Program Coordinator CpE Department
Administrator COECS Department
Lead Faculty, ECE Department
 TRANSCENDENTAL FUNCTIONS
Kinds of Transcendental Functions:
1.Logarithmic and Exponential functions
2.Trigonometric and Inverse Trigonometric
functions
3. Hyperbolic and Inverse Hyperbolic functions

Note:
Each pair of functions above is an inverse to
each other.
 The TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
.
Recall :
Trigonometric Identities
A. Reciprocal Identities C. Double Angle Formulas
1 1 1. sin 2x  2sinxcosx
1. sin x   csc x 
csc x sin x 2. cos 2x  cos 2 x  sin2 x
1 1
2. cos x   sec x   1 2 sin2 x
sec x cos x
sinx 1  2cos 2 x  1
3. tan x  
cos x cot x 3. tan 2x  2tan x
cos x  1 1 tan 2x
4. cot x 
sin x tan x
B. Sum and Difference of Two Angles D. Squared Identities
1. sin x  y  sin xcos y  cos x sin y 1. sin2 x  cos2 x  1
2. cos x  y  cos xcos y  sinx sin y 2. 1  tan2 x  sec2 x
tan x  tan y 3. 1  cot 2 x  csc2 x
3. tan x  y 
1 tan xtan y
 DIFFERENTIATION FORMULA
Derivative of Trigonometric Function
For the differentiation formulas of the trigonometric
functions, all you need to know is the differentiation
formulas of sin u and cos u. Using these formulas
and the differentiation formulas of the algebraic
functions, the differentiation formulas of the
remaining functions, that is, tan u, cot u, sec u and
csc u may be obtained.
Derivative of sin u where u  f x 
d
sinu  cos u du
dx dx
Derivative of cos u where u  f x 
d
cosu   sinu du
dx dx
Derivative of tan u where u  f x 
d
tan x  d  sin x  
dx dx  cos x 
U sin g derivative of quotient,

cosx d sin x  sinx d

cos x
d
tan x  dx dx
dx cosx 2

cosxcosx  sinx sin x
cos 2 x
cos 2 x  sin 2 x 1
 
cos 2 x cos 2 x
d
tan x  sec2 x
dx

Therefore
d
tan u  sec2u du
dx dx
Derivative of cot u where u  f x 
d
cot x  d  1 
dx dx  tan x 

U sin g derivative of quotient,

0  1 d tan x
0  1sec 2 x
d
tan x  dx 
dx tanx 2 tanx 2
1
 sec 2 x 2 1
  cos x   csc 2
x
2 2 2
tan x sin x sin x
cos 2 x
d
cot x  -csc2 x
dx

Therefore
d
cot u  - csc2u du
dx dx
Derivative of sec u where u  f x 
d
sec x  d  1 
dx dx  cos x 

U sin g derivative of quotient,

0  1 d cos x
d
tan x  dx  0  1 sin x 
dx cosx 2 cosx 2

 sin x  sin x  1
2  tan x sec x
cos x cos x cos x

d
sec x  tan x sec x
dx

T he re fore
d
se c u  ta n u se c u du
dx dx
Derivative of csc u where u  f x 
d
csc x  d  1 
dx dx  sin x 

U sin g derivative of quotient,

0  1 sinx
d
0  1cos x 
d
csc x  dx 
dx sin x 2 sin x 2
 cos x  cos x 1
     cot x csc x
2
sin x sin x sin x

d
csc x   cot xcsc x
dx

T he re fore
d
csc u - cot u csc u du
dx dx
SUMMARY:
If u is a differentiable function of x, then the
following are differentiation formulas of the
trigonometric functions

d
sin u  cos u du d
cot u   csc 2 u du
dx dx dx dx
d
cos u   sin u du d
sec u  tan u sec u du
dx dx dx dx
d
tan u  sec 2 u du d
csc u   cot u csc u du
dx dx dx dx
A. Find the derivative of each of the following
functions and simplify the result:
1. f x  2 sin 3x 3. h x  cos 2 1 3x 2 
f ' x  2cos3x3  
h x  cos 1 3x 2  2

 6 cos 3x h' x  2cos1 3x sin1 3x 6 x

2 2

 6 x2cos1 3x sin1 3x 
2 2

2. g x  esin x
from sin2x  2sinxcos

g' x  e sin x d

sin x h' x  6 x sin 21 3x 2 
dx
1
e sin x
 cos x 
2 x
e sin x
 cos x x esin x
 cos x
g' x  
x
 
2 x x 2x
4. f x  2 tan  x
x
2
 x  1 
f ' x   2 sec 2    1
 2  2 

f ' x  sec 2 1

x
2
x
f ' x  tan
2
2
5. y  3sin4x 3 cos4x 3


y'  3 sin4 x 3 sin 4 x 12x  cos4 x cos4x 12x 
3 2 3 3 2

from cos2x  cos2 x  sin2 x

  
y'  36 x2 cos2 4x3

y'  36 x2 cos 8x3

 x
6. h x  log3 tan
1 x
x  1 x 1  x 1
h' x 
1
log3 e  sec 2  
tan
x 1 x  1 x 2

1 x
cos x
h' x 
log3 e 1 x  x   1 x 1

1 x2 sin
x
cos 2
x
1 x 1 x

h' x   2
log 3 e 1

1  x2 sin x cos x 2
1 x 1 x

h' x 
2 log3 e 1
1  x2 2 sin x
cos
x
1 x 1 x

 
h' x  2 log 3 e 1  h' x  
2 log 3 e csc 2x 
1  x2 sin 2x 1  x2  1  x 
1 x
7. y  sec 2x cos 2 x
Apply ln on both sides
ln y  lnsec 2x cos 2 x
ln y  cos2x lnsec 2x
By logarithmicdifferentiation
1
 y'  cos2x
1
sec 2xtan 2x2  lnsec 2x sin 2x2
y sec2x 

 y'  cos2x
1 2 sin 2x 
  2 sin 2xln sec 2x
y cos 2x 
 2 sin 2x1  ln sec 2x

y'  2 sin 2x1ln sec 2x  y

y'  2 sin 2x 1 ln sec 2x sec 2x cos 2 x

8. h x 
2 cotx
1 cot 2 x
1 cot x2csc x1  2 cot x 2 cot xcsc x1
2 2 2
h' x 
1  cot x  2 2

2cot x  1  cot x
2
2 csc x
h' x  2 2

1  cot x 
2 2

 2 csc x 
cot x 1
2
2

csc x 
2 2

2cot x  1  cos x 
 2 sin x 
2 2
h' x  2
1 sin2 x 
csc2 x  
 cos2 x  sin2 x 

h' x  2 sin x 2
2
 
 sin x 

h' x  2 cos 2x

EXERCISES:
Find the derivative and simplify the result.
1. hx  ln sin5 4 x3
6 . F x   s i n x t a n x


2. f x  3 cos ln x 2  7. y  tan x  y

  sin 4x cot 2 2x
3. g x  8. F x 
2  cos4 x 1  x2
4. F x  2 cos x sin 2x  2 sin 4xcos 2x 9. cot xy  xy  0

sin 3
5. y  10. sec 2 x  csc 2 y0
1  3cos x
Derivatives of Inverse Trig. Functions

Let u be a differentiable function of x.

d u'  u'
arcsin u   d
arc cot u  
dx 1 u 2
dx 1 u 2

d u '
d
arc sec u   u'
arccos u  
dx 1 u2 dx u u 1
2

'  u'
d
arctan u   u d
arc csc u  
dx 1 u2 dx u u 1
2
Find the derivative of each of the following
functions and simplify the result:
1 dy d
a. y   (sin1 x )1
sin1 x dx dx
1 2 d
 (sin x ) (sin1 x )
dx
b. f ( x )  x arctan x 1

(sin1 x )2 1  x 2

1 1 1/ 2
f '( x )  x ( x )  arctan x
c. y=5𝑥 6 − 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑒𝑐(𝑥) 1 ( x )2 2

x
  arctan x
2(1  x )