Introduction to SAP BW

Chapter 1 Create InfoCube

 Creating InfoArea
Go to transaction code RSA1. Click on ‘InfoProviders’ below ‘Modelling’. Right click icon
and click ‘Create InfoArea”.

 Creating InfoObject Catalog

Right click on InfoArea ‘ZIA_TEST’ and choose ‘Create InfoObject Catalog’.
Click ‘Check’ and ‘Activate’ . You will see below screen.

Following the same procedure, we create an InfoObject Catalog to hold key figures. This
time, make sure that the option Key figure is selected
 .
Don’t forget to activate.

 Creating InfoObject (Catalogue)

Right-click InfoObject Catalogue – ZIC_TEST, and then select Create InfoObject.

Fill characteristic name and long description.

Select CHAR as the DataType, enter 15 for the field Length, and then click the tab
Attributes.

Enter an attribute name IO_MATNM, and then click to create the attribute.

Fill atribute’s name.

 Select CHAR as the DataType, and then enter 30 for the field Length. Notice that the
option Exclusively attribute is selected by default. Click to continue.

A window is displayed asking whether you want to activate dependent InfoObjects. In

our example, the dependent InfoObject is IO_MATNM.

Note
Saving an InfoObject means saving its properties, or meta-data. You have not yet created its
physical database objects, such as tables. Activating an InfoObject will create the relevant
database objects.

Select ‘exclusively attribute’ means allow to select lowercase letter. Lowercase letter means
no master data tables, text tables, or another level of attributes underneath are allowed
Repeat the preceding steps to create the other characteristics listed in Table 1.1.

Table 1.1. CHARACTERISTICS

Characteristics Name Exclusively Lowercase
and Description Assigned to DataType Length Attribute? Letters?
IO_MAT CHAR 15 No No
Material number
IO_MATNM IO_MAT CHAR 30 Yes No
Material name
IO_CUST CHAR 15 No No
Customer ID
IO_CUSTNM IO_CUST CHAR 40 Yes Yes
Customer name
IO_CUSTAD IO_CUST CHAR 60 Yes Yes
Customer addresss
IO_SREP CHAR 15 No No
Sales representative ID
IO_SREPNM IO_SREP CHAR 40 Yes Yes
Sales representative name
IO_SOFF CHAR 30 No No
Sales office
IO_SREG CHAR 30 No No
Sales region

Until you get the following screen :

 Creating InfoObject (Key Figure)

Right-click InfoObject Catalogue – ZIC_TEST_KEY, and then select Create InfoObject.

Enter a name and a description, and then click to continue.

Select Amount in the Type/data type, select USD as the Fixed currency in the block Currency/unit of
measure, and then click to check the key figure. If it is valid, click to activate the key figure.
Repeat the preceding steps to create other key figures listed in Table 1.2.

Table 1.2. KEY FIGURES

Key Figure Name and Description Type/Data Type Currency/Unit of Measure
IO_PRC Amount Fixed currency: USD
Price of material
IO_QUAN Quantity Unit/currency: 0UNIT
Sales quantity
IO_REV Amount Fixed currency: USD
Sales revenue
You will get the following screen.

 Create Infocube
Select Data targets under Modelling in the left panel. In the right panel, right-click
InfoArea – demo and then select Create InfoCube.
Note
An InfoCube can be a basic cube, a multi-cube, an SAP remote cube, or a general remote
cube. A basic cube has a fact table and associated dimension tables, and it contains data.
We are building a basic cube.

 Assign dimension to infocube

Rigth click on Dimension 1 , and choose properties.
Change properties name.

Click on icon , and put your cursor in info object catalogue that you want to add in
dimension Customer. Info object customer is in info object catalogue ZIC_TEST.

Click to continue.
Drag and drop info object Customer ID to dimension Dim Customer.

Add new dimension. Right click on ‘Dimension’ and choose ‘Create New Dimensions’.

Give the description and click .

Drag and drop InfoObject Material Number to dimension Dim Material.
Do the step to infoobject Sales Representative and dimension Dim Sales Rep.

Then, add infoobject to dimension ‘Time’. Right click on dimension ‘Time’ and choose
‘InfoObject Direct Input’.

Click search icon.

Choose ‘0CALDAY’. Click to continue

 Define Key Figure
Click on icon , and put your cursor in info object catalogue that you want to add in
dimension Customer. Info object customer is in info object catalogue ZIC_TEST_KEY.

Drag and drop thee of the info object to key figure.

Click check and activate .

To see data model, click on Infocube Test Infocube, right click and choose ‘Display Data
Model’.

You will see the following screen.

 Create Hierarcy
Hierarchy is like data with parent node and child note. Fir the example we have
characteristic Sales Organization. Sales Organization Sumatera may have child node
such as Aceh, Padang, medan, etc , Sales Organization Jawa may have child node
Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang ,Surabaya, etc. For this reason we need hierarchy.

Right click on InfoObject Catalogue and choose create InfoObject.

Give name and long description.

Go to tab ‘Hierarchy’. Tick in ‘with Hierarchy’ box and click ‘External Chars’ button.

Click ‘Create’ .
Give Hierarchy name and description.

Click ‘Text Node’ to create new node.

Fill hierarchy node and fill the description.

Chapter 2 Loading Data into the InfoCube
Note
A BW system can accept data from all kinds of source systems, such as the following:
 R/3 systems
 BW systems
 Flat files
 External systems through third-party ETTL tools
The following procedure shows how to create a flat file source system.

1. Flat File
Select Source systems under Modelling in the left panel. In the right panel, right-click Source
systems icon and select Create.

Choose ‘File system, manual meta data, data using ...... ‘

Fill logical system name and source system name.

You have created the source system. A status message Source system SS_DEMOFF creation
successful finished will appear below the file.

 Creating an Application Component

Select InfoSources under Modelling in the left panel. In the right panel, right-click
InfoSources icon and select Create application component.

Fill application name and description.

 Creating Data Source
Choose ‘DataSources’ under ‘Modelling’. In the right pannel, rigth clik on ‘Test
Application Component’ and choose ‘Create Data Source’.

Give DataSource name, Source System and Data Tpe DataSource.

Go to ‘general Info.’ tab, in General Info.’ tab, give short, medium, and long description.
Go to ‘Extraction’ tab. Extraction tab – provides details of file to be extracted.
In a Data source, we need to mention 2 details:
- Name of Flat File (ASCII or CSV) to be uploaded
- Structure (Layout) of the input file, mentioning the fields.

Select Data Format as – “Separated with Separator (for ex CSV)”. Enter the Data
Separator as ‘ , ‘.
Go to ‘Proposal’ tab – provides a quick view of the data in the flat file to be uploaded. Click
on the ‘Load Example’ tab. The details can be viewed in the below pane.

Fields tab – provides details of all fields used to create a data structure, to map with the
fields from Source file.
Fill InfoObject name and press ‘Enter’.

Click ‘copy’.
Field, descrition, Data Type Lngth , etc, will be copied from info object automatically.

Click Add to add other fields. You will get the following screen.

Preview tab – gives a preview of data on flat file loaded onto a structure. Click on “Read
Preview Data”.
 Create InfoPackage

Note
An infoPackage helps to transport data from the Data Source structure into the PSA
tables. (This is similiar to transfer of data from work area to internal tables in R/3
ABAP).

Click on the DataSource and Create InfoPackage.

Fill InfoPackage description.

 Select ‘Start Data Load Immediately’ and clik ‘Start’ .

Click on to see if the upload success on not.

 Create Transformation
Transformation is a rule that is defined to mapping source file into the final target ( In
this case, our target is InfoObject or master data table which has been already created
before).

Right click on DataSource ‘ZDS_MAT’ and choose ‘Create Transformation’.

For the target of transformation, enter object type ‘InfoObject’ , subtype ‘Atrributes’
and enter name of the InfoObject that we have created.
For the source of transformation, enter Object type, Data Source and Source System
that we have created.

Click
If we find message :

Do this step :
Go to ‘Master Data’ tab in InfoObject ZIO_MAT. Scroll down until you find column
‘InfoArea’. Fill ‘InfoArea’ name.

Back to ‘Create Transformation Process’. After that, you will see the following screen :
 Data Transfer Process
Data transfer process s a process used to transfer data from PSA tables, into data
targets , based on Transformation ( mapping ) rules.

Right click on DataSource, and choose Create Data Transfer Process.

Click on Ok .

Select ‘Extraction Mode’ as ‘Full’.

Click on ‘Execute’ button on Tab ‘Execute’.

Click ‘Yes’.

You will see the result :

To see the data :

Step 1
Click DataSources > Test Application Component > Data source for Material Number >
Info Package for Data Source > Data Flow Upwards > ZDS_MAT/ZSS_FF -> ZIO_MAT.

Click on ‘Content’ tab.

Choose Material Number and click ‘Content’.

Click ‘Execute”.

This is the data that we send.

Step 2
Click InfoProvider > Test InfoArea > Material Number. Right click on Material number
and choose ‘Maintain Master Data’.