1

Preparation of a Formatted Technical Work

for an IEEE Power & Energy Society
Transactions/Journal Publication
First A. Author, Fellow, IEEE, Second B. Author, Jr., and Third C. Author, Member, IEEE

 is continuity within your paragraphs. Check the numbering of

Abstract--Basic guidelines for the preparation of a technical your graphics (figures and tables) and make sure that all
work for an IEEE Power & Energy Society Transactions/Journal appropriate references are included.
Publication are presented. This document is itself an example of
the desired layout (inclusive of this abstract) and can be used as a A. Template
template. It contains information regarding desktop publishing This document may be used as a template for preparing your
format, type sizes, and typefaces. Style rules are provided that Transactions/Journal paper. You may type over sections of the
explains how to handle equations, units, figures, tables,
abbreviations, and acronyms. Sections are also devoted to the document, cut and paste into it, and/or use markup styles.
preparation of acknowledgments, references, and authors' B. Format
biographies. The abstract is limited to 150–200 words and cannot
contain equations, figures, tables, or references. It should concisely If you choose not to use this document as a template, prepare
state what was done, how it was done, principal results, and their your technical work in single-spaced, double-column format,
significance. on paper 21.6×27.9 centimeters (8.5×11 inches or 51×66 picas).
Set top and bottom margins to 16.9 millimeters (0.67 inch or 4
Index Terms--The author shall provide up to 10 keywords (in picas) and left and right margins to about 16.9 millimeters (0.67
alphabetical order) to help identify the major topics of the paper. inch or 4 picas). Do not violate margins (i.e., text, tables,
The thesaurus of IEEE indexing keywords should be referenced
prior to selecting the keywords to ensure that the words selected figures, and equations may not extend into the margins). The
are acceptable. The thesaurus is posted at https://www.ieee.org/ column width is 88.9 millimeters (3.5 inches or 21 picas). The
publications/services/thesaurus-access-page.html. space between the two columns is 4.2 millimeters (0.17 inch or
1 pica). Paragraph indentation is 4.2 millimeters (0.17 inch or 1
NOMENCLATURE pica). Use full justification. Use either one or two spaces
A nomenclature list, if needed, should precede the between sections, and between text and tables or figures, to
Introduction. adjust the column length.
C. Typefaces and Sizes
I. INTRODUCTION
Use a proportional serif typeface such as Times Roman or

T HIS document is an example of the desired layout for a PES

Transactions/Journal paper. It contains information
regarding desktop publishing format, type sizes, and typefaces.
Times New Roman and embed all fonts. Table I provides
samples of the appropriate type sizes and styles to use.

Style rules are provided that explain how to handle equations, D. Section Headings
units, figures, tables, abbreviations, and acronyms. Sections are A primary section heading is enumerated by a Roman
also devoted to the preparation of acknowledgments, numeral followed by a period and is centered above the text. A
references, and authors’ biographies. primary heading should be in capital letters.
A secondary section heading is enumerated by a capital letter
II. TRANSACTIONS/JOURNAL PAPER PREPARATION followed by a period and is flush left above the section. The first
letter of each important word is capitalized and the heading is
Please use automatic hyphenation and check your spelling.
italicized.
Additionally, be sure your sentences are complete and that there
A tertiary section heading is enumerated by an arabic

Financial support should be acknowledged here. Example: This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Commerce under Grant BS123.
The title should be in uppercase and lowercase letters, not all uppercase.
The name and affiliation (including city and country) of each author must appear on the paper. Full names are preferred in the author line, but are not required.
Initials are used in the affiliation footnotes (see below). Put a space between authors' initials. Do not use all uppercase for authors' surnames.
F. A. Author is with the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305 USA (e-mail: [email protected]).
S. B. Author, Jr., was with Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA. He is now with the Department of Physics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
80523 USA (e-mail: [email protected]).
T. C. Author is with the Electrical Engineering Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA, on leave from the National Research Institute
for Metals, Tsukuba, Japan (e-mail: [email protected]).
 2

numeral followed by a parenthesis. It is indented and is

followed by a colon. The first letter of each important word is
capitalized and the heading is italicized.
A quaternary section heading is rarely necessary, but is
perfectly acceptable if required. It is enumerated by a lowercase
letter followed by a parenthesis. It is indented and is followed
by a colon. Only the first letter of the heading is capitalized and
the heading is italicized.

TABLE I
Samples of Times Roman Type Sizes and Styles

Fig. 1. Magnetization as a function of applied field. (Note that “Fig.” is

abbreviated and there is a period after the figure number followed by two
spaces.)

Number footnotes separately with superscripts (References |

Insert Footnote). Place the actual footnote at the bottom of the
column in which it is cited. Do not put footnotes in the reference
E. Figures and Tables list. Use letters for table footnotes.
Check that all figures and tables are numbered correctly. Use
Figure axis labels are often a source of confusion. Try to use
arabic numerals for figures and Roman numerals for tables.
words rather than symbols. As an example, write the quantity
Appendix figures and tables should be numbered
“Magnetization,” or “Magnetization, M,” not just “M.” Put
consecutively with the figures and tables appearing in the rest
units in parentheses. Do not label axes only with units. As in
of the paper. They should not have their own numbering
Fig. 1, write “Magnetization (kA/m)” or “Magnetization
system.
(kA·m-1),” not just “kA/m.” Do not label axes with a ratio of
quantities and units. For example, write “Temperature (K),” not G. Units
“Temperature/K.” Figure labels should be legible, Metric units are preferred for use in IEEE publications in
approximately 8- to 10-point type. light of their global readership and the inherent convenience of
The IEEE Graphics Analyzer Tool enables authors to pre- these units in many fields. In particular, the use of the
screen their graphics for compliance with IEEE Transactions International System of Units (Systeme Internationale d'Unites
and Journals standards before submission. The online tool is or SI Units) is advocated. This system includes a subsystem of
located at http://graphicsqc.ieee.org/. units based on the meter, kilogram, second, and ampere
To insert images in Microsoft Word, position the cursor at (MKSA). British units may be used as secondary units (in
the insertion point and either use Insert | Picture | Insert Picture parentheses). An exception is when British units are used as
from File or copy the image to the Windows clipboard and then identifiers in trade, such as 3.5-inch disk drive.
use Home | Paste | Paste Special | Picture. All figures and tables
must be in place in the text near, but not before, where they are H. Abbreviations and Acronyms
first mentioned. Define less common abbreviations and acronyms the first
Large figures and tables may span both columns, but may time they are used in the text, even after they have been defined
not extend into the page margins. Figure captions should be in the abstract. Abbreviations such as IEEE, SI, MKS, CGS, ac,
below the figures; table captions should be above the tables. Do dc, and rms do not have to be defined. Do not use abbreviations
not put captions in “text boxes” linked to the figures. Do not put in the title unless they are unavoidable.
borders around your figures. Use the abbreviation “Fig. 1,” See Appendix A of the Author’s Kit for additional
even at the beginning of a sentence. information and standard abbreviations.

F. Numbering I. Math and Equations

Number reference citations consecutively in square brackets Use either the Microsoft Equation Editor or the MathType
[1]. The sentence punctuation follows the brackets [2]. Multiple commercial add-on for MS Word for all math objects in your
references [2], [3] are each numbered with separate brackets paper (Insert | Equation or MathType Equation).
[1]-[3]. Refer simply to the reference number, as in [3]. Do not To make your equations more compact, you may use the
use “Ref. [3]” or “reference [3]” except at the beginning of a solidus ( / ), the exp function, or appropriate exponents. Italicize
sentence: “Reference [3] shows….” Roman symbols for quantities and variables, but not Greek
 3

symbols. Use a long dash rather than a hyphen for a minus sign. Basic format for reports:
Use parentheses to avoid ambiguities in denominators. [8] J. K. Author, “Title of report,” Abbrev. Name of Co., City of Co., Abbrev.
State, Rep. xxx, year.
Number equations consecutively with equation numbers in
Examples:
parentheses flush with the right margin, as in (1). Be sure that [9] E. E. Reber, R. L. Michell, and C. J. Carter, “Oxygen absorption in the
the symbols in your equation have been defined before the earth’s atmosphere,” Aerospace Corp., Los Angeles, CA, Tech. Rep. TR-
equation appears or immediately following. 0200 (4230-46)-3, Nov. 1988.
[10] J. H. Davis and J. R. Cogdell, “Calibration program for the 16-foot
antenna,” Elect. Eng. Res. Lab., Univ. Texas, Austin, Tech. Memo. NGL-
 J 3E A
2
I F  I B   I C  A I A1  AI A 2  I A0  1 006-69-3, Nov. 15, 1987.
Z1  Z 2
Basic format for handbooks:
where IF is the fault current. [11] Name of Manual/Handbook, x ed., Abbrev. Name of Co., City of Co.,
Use “(1),” not “Eq. (1)” or “equation (1),” except at the Abbrev. State, year, pp. xxx–xxx.
beginning of a sentence: “Equation (1) is .…” Examples:
[12] Transmission Systems for Communications, 3rd ed., Western Electric Co.,
Winston-Salem, NC, 1985, pp. 44–60.
III. APPENDIX [13] Motorola Semiconductor Data Manual, Motorola Semiconductor
Products Inc., Phoenix, AZ, 1989.
Appendixes, if needed, appear before the acknowledgment.
Basic format for books (when available online):
IV. ACKNOWLEDGMENT [14] Author. (year, month day). Title. (edition) [Type of medium]. volume
The following is an example of an acknowledgment. (Please (issue). Available: site/path/file
note that financial support should be acknowledged in the Example:
[15] J. Jones. (1991, May 10). Networks. (2nd ed.) [Online]. Available:
unnumbered footnote on the title page.) http://www.atm.com
The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of I.
X. Austan, A. H. Burgmeyer, C. J. Essel, and S. H. Gold for Basic format for journals (when available online):
their work on the original version of this document. [16] Author. (year, month). Title. Journal. [Type of medium]. volume (issue),
pages. Available: site/path/file
V. REFERENCES Example:
[17] R. J. Vidmar. (1992, Aug.). On the use of atmospheric plasmas as
References are important to the reader; therefore, each electromagnetic reflectors. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. [Online]. 21(3), pp.
citation must be complete and correct. There is no editorial 876–880. Available: http://www.halcyon.com/pub/journals/21ps03-
vidmar
check on references; therefore, an incomplete or wrong
reference will be published unless caught by a reviewer or
Basic format for papers presented at conferences (when
discusser and will detract from the authority and value of the
available online):
paper. References should be readily available publications. [18] Author. (year, month). Title. Presented at Conference title. [Type of
List only one reference per reference number. If a reference medium]. Available: site/path/file
is available from two sources, each should be listed as a separate Example:
reference. Give all authors' names; do not use et al. [19] PROCESS Corp., MA. Intranets: Internet technologies deployed behind
the firewall for corporate productivity. Presented at INET96 Annual
Samples of the correct formats for various types of Meeting. [Online]. Available: http://home.process.com/Intranets/wp2.htp
references are given below.
Basic format for reports and handbooks (when available
Basic format for books: online):
[1] J. K. Author, “Title of chapter in the book,” in Title of His Published Book, [20] Author. (year, month). Title. Company. City, State or Country. [Type of
xth ed. City of Publisher, Country if not USA: Abbrev. of Publisher, year, medium]. Available: site/path/file
ch. x, sec. x, pp. xxx–xxx.
Example:
Examples: [21] S. L. Talleen. (1996, Apr.). The Intranet Architecture: Managing
[2] G. O. Young, “Synthetic structure of industrial plastics,” in Plastics, 2nd information in the new paradigm. Amdahl Corp., CA. [Online].
ed., vol. 3, J. Peters, Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1964, pp. 15–64. Available: http://www.amdahl.com/doc/products/bsg/intra/infra/html
[3] W.-K. Chen, Linear Networks and Systems. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth,
1993, pp. 123–135.
Basic format for computer programs and electronic documents
Basic format for periodicals: (when available online): ISO recommends that capitalization
[4] J. K. Author, “Name of paper,” Abbrev. Title of Periodical, vol. x, no. x, follow the accepted practice for the language or script in which
pp. xxx–xxx, Abbrev. Month, year. the information is given.
Examples:
[5] J. U. Duncombe, “Infrared navigation—Part I: An assessment of
Example:
feasibility,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. ED-11, no. 1, pp. 34–39, [22] A. Harriman. (1993, June). Compendium of genealogical software.
Jan. 1959. Humanist. [Online]. Available e-mail: [email protected]
[6] E. P. Wigner, “Theory of traveling-wave optical laser,” Phys. Rev., vol. Message: get GENEALOGY REPORT
134, pp. A635–A646, Dec. 1965.
[7] E. H. Miller, “A note on reflector arrays,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Basic format for patents (when available online):
Propagat., to be published. [23] Name of the invention, by inventor’s name. (year, month day). Patent
Number [Type of medium]. Available: site/path/file
 4

Example: earned. The author’s major field of study should be lower-

[24] Musical toothbrush with adjustable neck and mirror, by L. M. R. Brooks. cased.
(1992, May 19). Patent D 326 189 [Online]. Available: NEXIS Library: The second paragraph uses the pronoun of the person (he or
LEXPAT File: DESIGN
she) and not the author’s last name. It lists military and work
experience, including summer and fellowship jobs. Job titles
Basic format for conference proceedings (published):
[25] J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” in Abbreviated Name of Conf., City of
are capitalized. The current job must have a location; previous
Conf., Abbrev. State (if given), year, pp. xxx–xxx. positions may be listed without one. Information concerning
Example: previous publications may be included. Try not to list more than
[26] D. B. Payne and J. R. Stern, “Wavelength-switched passively coupled three books or published articles. The format for listing
single-mode optical network,” in Proc. IOOC-ECOC, 1985, pp. 585–590. publishers of a book within the biography is: title of book (city,
Example for papers presented at conferences (unpublished): state: publisher name, year) similar to a reference. Current and
[27] D. Ebehard and E. Voges, “Digital single sideband detection for previous research interests end the paragraph.
interferometric sensors,” presented at the 2nd Int. Conf. Optical Fiber
Sensors, Stuttgart, Germany, Jan. 2–5, 1984. The third paragraph begins with the author’s title and last
name (e.g., Dr. Smith, Prof. Jones, Mr. Kajor, Ms. Hunter). List
Basic format for patents: any memberships in professional societies other than the IEEE.
[28] J. K. Author, “Title of patent,” U.S. Patent x xxx xxx, Abbrev. Month, Finally, list any awards and work for IEEE committees and
day, year. publications.
Example: The following is a biography of Nikola Tesla as an example.
[29] G. Brandli and M. Dick, “Alternating current fed power supply,” U.S.
Patent 4 084 217, Nov. 4, 1978. Nikola Tesla (M’1888, F’17) was born in Smiljan in
the Austro-Hungarian Empire, on July 9, 1856. He
Basic format for theses (M.S.) and dissertations (Ph.D.): graduated from the Austrian Polytechnic School,
[30] J. K. Author, “Title of thesis,” M.S. thesis, Abbrev. Dept., Abbrev. Univ., Graz, and studied at the University of Prague.
City of Univ., Abbrev. State, year. His employment experience included the
[31] J. K. Author, “Title of dissertation,” Ph.D. dissertation, Abbrev. Dept., American Telephone Company, Budapest, the
Abbrev. Univ., City of Univ., Abbrev. State, year. Edison Machine Works, Westinghouse Electric
Company, and Nikola Tesla Laboratories. His
Examples: special fields of interest included high frequency.
[32] J. O. Williams, “Narrow-band analyzer,” Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Elect. Dr. Tesla received honorary degrees from
Eng., Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA, 1993. institutions of higher learning including Columbia University, Yale University,
[33] N. Kawasaki, “Parametric study of thermal and chemical nonequilibrium University of Belgrade, and the University of Zagreb. He received the Elliott
nozzle flow,” M.S. thesis, Dept. Electron. Eng., Osaka Univ., Osaka, Cresson Medal of the Franklin Institute and the Edison Medal of the IEEE. In
Japan, 1993. 1956, the term “tesla” (T) was adopted as the unit of magnetic flux density in
the MKSA system. In 1975, the Power Engineering Society established the
Basic format for the most common types of unpublished Nikola Tesla Award in his honor. He died on January 7, 1943.
references:
[34] J. K. Author, private communication, Abbrev. Month, year.
[35] J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” unpublished.
[36] J. K. Author, “Title of paper,” to be published.
Examples:
[37] A. Harrison, private communication, May 1995.
[38] B. Smith, “An approach to graphs of linear forms,” unpublished.
[39] A. Brahms, “Representation error for real numbers in binary computer
arithmetic,” IEEE Computer Group Repository, Paper R-67-85.

Basic format for standards:

[40] Title of Standard, Standard number, date.
Examples:
[41] IEEE Criteria for Class IE Electric Systems, IEEE Standard 308, 1969.
[42] Letter Symbols for Quantities, ANSI Standard Y10.5-1968.

VI. BIOGRAPHIES
A technical biography and photograph for each author may
be included. The photo should be 2.54 centimeters (1 inch) wide
by 3.18 centimeters (1.25 inches) high. The head and shoulders
should be centered, and the photo should be flush with the left
margin. The space required for the biographies and photos is
included in the eight-page limit.
The first paragraph should begin with the author’s name (as
it appears in the byline) and IEEE membership history. A place
and/or date of birth may be included (list place, then date). Next,
the author’s educational background is listed. The degrees
should be listed with type of degree in what field, which
institution, city, state, and country, and year the degree was