GPS500 PilotsGuide PDF

GPS 500
Pilot’s Guide and Reference

RECORD OF REVISIONS
Revision Date of Revision Description

A 4/01 Initial Release
B 5/03 Reflect software changes up to version 4.0 and restructure
C 2/07 Updated layout, added TAWS, TERRAIN, TIS, Weather information,
per SW v6.02
D 7/07 Updated per Main SW v6.03
E 6/08 Removed Proximity Advisory info from Section 12
F 09/08 Converted format of figures to accommodate printing process
G 12/09 Added Section 12.2, GTS 8XX Traffic Systems
190-00181-60 Rev. G GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference i

COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2009 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved.
This manual reflects the operation of Main System Software version 6.03 or later. Some differences may be observed when
comparing the information in this manual to other software versions.
Garmin International, Inc., 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062 USA
p: 913.397.8200 f: 913.397.8282
Garmin AT, Inc., 2345 Turner Road SE, Salem, Oregon 97302 USA
p: 503.391.3411 f: 503.364.2138
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p: +44/ (0) 870.8501241 f: +44/ (0) 870.8501251
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p: 886/2.2642.9199 f : 886/2.2642-9099
Web Site Address: www.garmin.com
Visit the Garmin website for the latest updates and supplemental information concerning the operation of this and other Garmin
products.
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NavData® is a registered trademark of Jeppesen, Inc.
December 2009 190-00181-60 Rev. G Printed in the U.S.A.
ii GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION. .......................................... 1-1 7.5 Nearest VOR Page..................................................... 7-6

1.1 Accessories and Packing List.................................. 1-1 7.6 Nearest User Waypoint Page.................................. 7-7
1.2 Key and Knob Functions.......................................... 1-2 7.7 Nearest Center (ARTCC) Page................................. 7-7
1.3 Takeoff Tour................................................................ 1-4 7.8 Nearest Flight Service Station (FSS) Page........... 7-8
7.9 Nearest Airspace Page............................................. 7-8
SECTION 2: NAV PAGES ................................................... 2-1
2.1 Main Page Groups..................................................... 2-1 SECTION 8: AUX PAGES. ................................................... 8-1
2.2 NAV Page Group........................................................ 2-2 8.1 AUX Page Group........................................................ 8-1
2.3 Default NAV Page...................................................... 2-2 8.2 Flight Planning Page................................................. 8-2
2.4 Map Page.................................................................... 2-6 8.3 Utility Page............................................................... 8-10
2.5 TERRAIN Page........................................................... 2-15 8.4 Setup Page................................................................ 8-18
2.6 TAWS Page................................................................ 2-18
2.7 NAV/COM Page......................................................... 2-21 SECTION 9: VERTICAL NAVIGATION (VNAV).......... 9-1
2.8 Satellite Status Page.............................................. 2-23 SECTION 10: TERRAIN...................................................... 10-1
SECTION 3: DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION......................... 3-1 10.1 INTRODUCTION...................................................... 10-1
3.1 Overview..................................................................... 3-1 10.2 TERRAIN Page......................................................... 10-3
10.3 TERRAIN Alerts....................................................... 10-4
SECTION 4: FLIGHT PLANS.............................................. 4-1 10.4 Database Information for TERRAIN.................. 10-9
4.1 Flight Plan Catalog Page......................................... 4-1
4.2 Active Flight Plan Page............................................ 4-8 SECTION 11: TAWS. ........................................................... 11-1
11.1 INTRODUCTION...................................................... 11-1
SECTION 5: PROCEDURES................................................ 5-1 11.2 TAWS Page.............................................................. 11-3
5.1 Approaches, Departures, and Arrivals.................. 5-1 11.3 TAWS Alerts............................................................ 11-4
5.2 Non-Precision Approach Operations..................... 5-3 11.4 Database Information for TAWS...................... 11-11
5.3 Points to Remember for All Approaches........... 5-25
SECTION 12: ADDITIONAL FEATURES...................... 12-1
SECTION 6: WPT PAGES.................................................... 6-1 12.1 Traffic Information Service (TIS) Interface...... 12-1
6.1 WPT Page Group........................................................ 6-1 12.2 GTS 8XX Traffic Systems.................................... 12-12
6.2 Airport Location Page.............................................. 6-4 12.3 Weather Data Link Interface............................ 12-19
6.3 Airport Runway Page............................................... 6-6
6.4 Airport Frequency Page........................................... 6-8 SECTION 13: FAULT DETECTION & EXCLUSION. . 13-1
6.5 Airport Approach Page.......................................... 6-10 13.1 Detection and Exclusion...................................... 13-1
6.6 Airport Arrival Page................................................ 6-12 13.2 Pre-Departure Verification of FDE..................... 13-2
6.7 Airport Departure Page......................................... 6-14 SECTION 14: MESSAGES, ABBREVIATIONS, &
6.8 Intersection Page.................................................... 6-16
6.9 NDB Page................................................................... 6-16
NAV TERMS............................................................................. 14-1
14.1 Messages................................................................. 14-1
6.10 VOR Page................................................................. 6-17
14.2 Abbreviations......................................................... 14-7
6.11 User Waypoint Page............................................. 6-17
14.3 Navigation Terms................................................ 14-10
SECTION 7: NRST PAGES.................................................. 7-1
7.1 NRST Page Group...................................................... 7-1
Appendix A: Data Card Use...........................................A-1
7.2 Nearest Airport Page................................................ 7-3 Appendix B: Specifications. ..........................................B-1
7.3 Nearest Intersection Page....................................... 7-5
7.4 Nearest NDB Page..................................................... 7-5 Appendix C: Troubleshooting Q & A. .......................C-1
190-00181-60 Rev. G GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference iii

WARNINGS,
CAUTIONS, AND NOTES
WARNING: Navigation and terrain separation must NOT be predicated upon the use of the TAWS function.
The TAWS feature is NOT intended to be used as a primary reference for terrain avoidance and does not relieve
the pilot from the responsibility of being aware of surroundings during flight. The TAWS feature is only to be
used as an aid for terrain avoidance and is not certified for use in applications requiring a certified terrain
awareness system. Terrain data is obtained from third party sources. Garmin is not able to independently
verify the accuracy of the terrain data.
WARNING: The terrain data should be used only as an aid for situational awareness. Terrain data must not
be used as the sole basis for decisions or maneuvers to avoid terrain or obstacles. Terrain data must not be
used for navigation.
WARNING: The altitude calculated by GPS 500 GPS receivers is geometric height above Mean Sea Level and
could vary significantly from the altitude displayed by pressure altimeters in aircraft. GPS altitude should never
be used for vertical navigation. Always use pressure altitude displayed by pressure altimeters in the aircraft.
WARNING: The Jeppesen database used in the GPS 500 system must be updated regularly in order to ensure
that its information remains current. Updates are released every 28 days. A database information packet is
included in the GPS 500 package. Pilots using an outdated database do so entirely at their own risk.
WARNING: The basemap (land and water data) must not be used for navigation, but rather only for non-
navigational situational awareness. Any basemap indication should be compared with other navigation
sources.
WARNING: For safety reasons, GPS 500 operational procedures must be learned on the ground.
WARNING: The United States government operates the Global Positioning System and is solely responsible
for its accuracy and maintenance. The GPS system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and
performance of all GPS equipment. Portions of the Garmin GPS 500 utilize GPS as a precision electronic
NAVigation AID (NAVAID). Therefore, as with all NAVAIDs, information presented by the GPS 500 can be
misused or misinterpreted and, therefore, become unsafe.
iv GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

WARNINGS,
CAUTIONS, AND NOTES
WARNING: Use the GPS 500, Weather Data Link Interface, TIS, and TAWS at your own risk. To reduce the risk
of unsafe operation, carefully review and understand all aspects of the GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide documentation
and the GPS 500 Flight Manual Supplement. Thoroughly practice basic operation prior to actual use. During
flight operations, carefully compare indications from the GPS 500 to all available navigation sources, including
the information from other NAVAIDs, visual sightings, charts, etc. For safety purposes, always resolve any
discrepancies before continuing navigation.
CAUTION: The GPS 500 display lens is coated with a special anti-reflective coating that is very sensitive to
skin oils, waxes, and abrasive cleaners. CLEANERS CONTAINING AMMONIA WILL HARM THE ANTI-REFLECTIVE
COATING. It is very important to clean the lens using a clean, lint-free cloth and an eyeglass lens cleaner that
is specified as safe for anti-reflective coatings.
CAUTION: The Garmin GPS 500 does not contain any user-serviceable parts. Repairs should only be made by
an authorized Garmin service center. Unauthorized repairs or modifications could void both the warranty and
the pilot’s authority to operate this device under FAA/FCC regulations.
NOTE: All visual depictions contained within this document, including screen images of the GPS 500 panel and
displays, are subject to change and may not reflect the most current GPS 500 system. Depictions of equipment
may differ slightly from the actual equipment.
NOTE: This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired operation.
NOTE: Unless otherwise specified within this manual, the term ‘GPS 500’ applies to both the GPS 500 and the
GPS 500 TAWS models. The functionality of the TAWS models is covered in Section 11.
NOTE: This product, its packaging, and its components contain chemicals known to the State of California to
cause cancer, birth defects, or reproductive harm. This notice is being provided in accordance with California’s
Proposition 65. If you have any questions or would like additional information, please refer to our website at
www.garmin.com/prop65.
190-00181-60 Rev. G GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference v

WARRANTY
AVIATION LIMITED WARRANTY

All Garmin avionics products are warranted to be free from defects in materials or workmanship for: two years from the date of
purchase for new Remote-Mount and Panel-Mount products; one year from the date of purchase for new portable products and any
purchased newly-overhauled products; six months for newly-overhauled products exchanged through a Garmin Authorized Service
Center; and 90 days for factory repaired or newly-overhauled products exchanged at Garmin in lieu of repair. Within the applicable
period, Garmin will, at its sole option, repair or replace any components that fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be
made at no charge to the customer for parts or labor, provided that the customer shall be responsible for any transportation cost.
This warranty does not apply to: (i) cosmetic damage, such as scratches, nicks and dents; (ii) consumable parts, such as batteries,
unless product damage has occurred due to a defect in materials or workmanship; (iii) damage caused by accident, abuse, misuse,
water, flood, fire, or other acts of nature or external causes; (iv) damage caused by service performed by anyone who is not an
authorized service provider of Garmin; or (v) damage to a product that has been modified or altered without the written permission of
Garmin. In addition, Garmin reserves the right to refuse warranty claims against products or services that are obtained and/or used
in contravention of the laws of any country.
THE WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES CONTAINED HEREIN ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, WHETHER
EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY LIABILITY ARISING UNDER ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE. THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS, WHICH MAY VARY
FROM STATE TO STATE.
IN NO EVENT SHALL GARMIN BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER
RESULTING FROM THE USE, MISUSE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT OR FROM DEFECTS IN THE PRODUCT. SOME STATES DO
NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO
YOU.
Garmin retains the exclusive right to repair or replace (with a new or newly-overhauled replacement product) the product or software
or offer a full refund of the purchase price at its sole discretion. SUCH REMEDY SHALL BE YOUR SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY FOR
ANY BREACH OF WARRANTY.
Online Auction Purchases: Products purchased through online auctions are not eligible for warranty coverage. Online auction
conﬁrmations are not accepted for warranty veriﬁcation. To obtain warranty service, an original or copy of the sales receipt from the
original retailer is required. Garmin will not replace missing components from any package purchased through an online auction.
International Purchases: A separate warranty may be provided by international distributors for devices purchased outside the
United States depending on the country. If applicable, this warranty is provided by the local in-country distributor and this distributor
provides local service for your device. Distributor warranties are only valid in the area of intended distribution. Devices purchased in
the United States or Canada must be returned to the Garmin service center in the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, or
Taiwan for service.
To obtain warranty service, contact your local Garmin Authorized Service Center. For assistance in locating a Service Center near you,
visit the Garmin Website at ‘http://www.garmin.com’ or contact Garmin Customer Service at 800-800-1020.
vi GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION The Garmin dealer performs the installation and

configuration of the GPS 500. The GPS 500 is secured in
the installation rack with the proper wiring connections
1.1 Accessories and Packing List performed. After installation, the NavData Card and the
Terrain Data Card (if applicable) are installed into their
Congratulations on choosing the finest, most advanced correct slots on the front of the unit (Appendix A). A
panel mount IFR navigation/communication system Garmin dealer can answer questions about the installation
available. The GPS 500 represents Garmin’s commitment such as location of antennas or any connections to other
to provide accurate, easy-to-use avionics. equipment in the panel.
Before installing and getting started with the GPS 500,
please check to see that the package includes the following NOTE: Help Garmin provide better support by
items. If any parts are missing or damaged, please contact completing on-line registration. Registration
a Garmin dealer immediately. ensures notification of product updates, new
products, and provides for lost or stolen unit
Standard Package: tracking. Have the serial number of the GPS
500 available and connect to the website (www.
• GPS 500 Unit garmin.com). Look for the product registration
• NavData® Card link on the home page.
• Terrain Data Card
• Installation Rack
• Connectors
• GPS Antenna
• Pilot’s Guide
• Quick Reference Guide
• 400/500 Series Display Interface Pilot’s Guide
Addendum
• Database Subscription Packet
• Warranty Registration Card
• GPS 500 Simulator CD-ROM
190-00181-60 Rev. G GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 1-1

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
1.2 Key and Knob Functions Experiment with the unit and refer to the reference
sections for more information.
The GPS 500 is designed to make operation as simple Data is entered using the large and small knobs.
as possible. The key and knob descriptions (Figure Experiment with them to become efficient at entering data.
1-1) provide a general overview of the primary function(s) This greatly reduces the amount of time spent operating
for each key and knob. The takeoff tour (Section 1.3) the GPS 500 in flight.
is intended to provide a brief overview of the primary
functions of the GPS 500.
2
1
3
4
5
9 10 11 12 13 14 8
Figure 1-1 Keys and Knobs
1 Power 6 ENT (enter) 11 MSG (message)

2 RNG (map range) 7 Small right knob 12 FPL (flight plan)
3 Direct-to 8 Large right knob 13 VNAV
4 MENU 9 NRST (nearest) 14 PROC (procedure)
5 CLR (clear) 10 OBS
1-2 GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Left-hand Keys and Knobs Bottom Row Keys

(1) Power Knob – Controls unit power. Turn clockwise (9) NRST Key – The NRST Key displays the Nearest
to turn unit on. Airports Page. Then, turning the small right knob steps
through the NRST pages.
Right-hand Keys and Knobs (10) OBS Key – Used to select manual or automatic
(2) RNG Key – Allows the pilot to select the desired map sequencing of waypoints. Pressing the OBS Key selects
range. Use the up arrow to zoom out to a larger area, or OBS mode, which retains the current ‘active to’ waypoint
the down arrow to zoom in to a smaller area. as the navigation reference even after passing the waypoint
(3) Direct-to Key – Provides access to the direct-to (i.e., prevents sequencing to the next waypoint). Pressing
function, which allows the pilot to enter a destination the OBS Key again returns the unit to normal operation,
waypoint and establishes a direct course to the selected with automatic sequencing of waypoints. When OBS
destination (Section 3). mode is selected, the pilot may set the desired course
(4) MENU Key – Displays a context-sensitive list of to/from a waypoint using the Select OBS Course pop-up
options. This options list allows the pilot to access window, or an external OBS selector on the HSI or CDI.
additional features or make settings changes which relate (11) MSG Key – Used to view system messages and to
to the currently displayed page. alert the pilot to important warnings and requirements.
(5) CLR Key – Used to erase information, remove map See Section 14.1 for more information on messages.
detail, or to cancel an entry. Press and hold the CLR key (12) FPL Key – Allows the pilot to create, edit, activate,
to immediately display the Default NAV Page. and invert flight plans, as well as access approaches,
(6) ENT Key – Used to approve an operation or complete departures, and arrivals. A closest point to flight plan
data entry. It is also used to confirm information during feature is also available from the FPL Key. See Section 4
power on. for more information on flight plans.
(7) Small Right Knob – Used to select pages within (13) VNAV (Vertical Navigation) Key – Allows the
one of the page groups. Press this knob momentarily pilot to create a three-dimensional profile which provides
to display the on-screen cursor. The cursor allows the guidance to a final (target) altitude at a specified location
pilot to enter data and/or make a selection from a list of See Section 9.
options. When entering data, the small right knob is used (14) PROC Key – Allows the pilot to select and remove
to select the desired letter or number and the large right approaches, departures, and arrivals from the flight plan.
knob is used to move to the next character space. The When using a flight plan, available procedures for the
small right knob is also used to move the target pointer departure and/or arrival airport are offered automatically.
up (turn clockwise) or down (counterclockwise) when the Otherwise, the pilot may select the desired airport, then
map panning function is active. the desired procedure.
(8) Large Right knob – Used to select page groups: NAV,
WPT, AUX, or NRST. With the on-screen cursor enabled, the
large right knob allows the pilot to move the cursor about
the page. The large right knob is also used to move the target
pointer right (turn clockwise) or left (counterclockwise)
when the map panning function is active.
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
` NOTE: Data is entered using the large and 1.3 Takeoff Tour
small right knobs (Figure 1-2). Experiment with
them to become efficient at entering data. This Overview
will greatly reduce the amount of time spent
operating the 500 Series in flight. The Garmin GPS 500 provides the pilot accurate
navigational data and communication capability, along
with non-precision and precision approach certification
in the IFR environment. The takeoff tour is designed to
familiarize the pilot with:
• Powering up the unit
• Changing frequencies
• Entering data
• Performing a simple direct-to
• Selecting IFR procedures
Figure 1-2 Blank Direct-to Page
• Using some limited flight plans
NOTE: When the GPS 500 is displaying a list In addition, this section briefly covers the Default NAV
of information that is too long for the display Page, the Map Page, and the NAV/COM Page, which are
screen, a scroll bar appears along the right-hand available as part of the NAV Page Group. These pages are
side of the display (Figure 1-3). The scroll bar
used for most of the in-flight navigation.
graphically indicates the number of additional
items available within the selected category. To The takeoff tour assumes that the unit and antennas
scroll through the list, press the small right knob have been properly installed and that the GPS 500’s
to activate the cursor, then turn the large right default settings have not been changed. If any of the
knob. factory default settings (position format, units of measure,
selectable fields, etc.) have been changed, the pictures
Scroll Bar shown here may not exactly match what is shown on
the GPS 500. Prior to using the GPS 500 for the first
time, Garmin recommends that the aircraft be moved to a
location that is well away from buildings and other aircraft
so the unit can collect satellite data without interruption.
This takeoff tour is intended to provide a brief
introduction of the GPS 500’s major features. Sections
2 through 12 of this manual describe these features and
others in additional detail. Refer to these sections, as
Figure 1-3 Scroll Bar needed to learn or review the details regarding a particular
feature.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
After becoming familiar with the basics, some suggested The Database Versions Page (Figure 1-5) appears
reading within this Pilot’s Guide includes: next, which shows the current database information on
• Flight plan features - Section 4 the NavData Card and Terrain Data Cards. Database
information highlighted in yellow indicates the database
• IFR procedures - Section 5 is not within its effective dates. The NavData database is
• Waypoint information pages (database updated every 28 days and must be current for approved
information) - Section 6 instrument approach operations. Information on database
• Unit settings (configuring the unit to the pilot’s subscriptions is available inside the GPS 500 package.
preferences) - Section 8
If more information is needed, Garmin’s Customer
Service staff is available during normal business hours
(U.S. Central time zone) at the phone and fax numbers
listed on page ii. Garmin can also be reached by mail
(page ii) or at our website address, www.garmin.com.
Powering on the GPS 500
The GPS 500’s Power Knob is located at the top left
corner of the unit. Turning the Power Knob clockwise
Figure 1-5 Database Versions Page
turns unit power on. After turning the unit on, a welcome
page appears briefly while the unit performs a self test,
followed sequentially by the Unit Type Page (Figure Acknowledging the database information:
1-4) and the Software Version Page. Then (depending Press the ENT Key.
on configuration) the Weather Page, the Traffic Page, the
Aviation Database Page, and the Land/Terrain/Obstacles
Database Page are sequentially displayed.
Figure 1-4 Unit Type Page

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Check CDI/HSI, RMI, and Fuel Capacity is Instrument Panel Self-test Page
Other Instruments to verify entered manually
these Indications
Once the database has been acknowledged, the
Instrument Panel Self-test Page appears (Figure 1-6).
Fuel On-Board
and Fuel Flow To ensure that the GPS 500 and any connected
are Provided instruments are working properly, check for the following
by Sensors, if
Installed indications on the CDI/HSI, RMI, external annunciators,
Select to Set and other connected instruments:
Fuel Level to
Full Capacity • Course deviation - Half left/no flag
• TO/FROM flag - TO
Select to display
Checklists Page • Bearing to destination - 135°
Should Match Current
OBS Course Selection • Distance to destination - 10.0 nm
Figure 1-6 Instrument Panel Self-Test Page • All external annunciators (if installed) - On
• Glideslope - Half up/no flag
• Time to destination - 4 minutes
• Desired track - 149.5°
• Ground speed - 150 knots
The Instrument Panel Self-test Page indicates the
currently selected OBS course, fuel capacity (CAP), fuel
on board (FOB), and fuel flow (FF). The fuel capacity,
fuel on board, and fuel flow may be manually entered if
the installation does not include connection to sensors
which automatically provide these figures.
Entering fuel capacity, fuel on board,
or fuel flow figures (if not provided by
sensors):
1) Turn the large right knob to select the Fuel
Capacity, Fuel on Board, or Fuel Flow field.
2) Turn the small and large right knobs to enter
the desired figure (Figure 1-7) and press the
ENT Key.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Viewing the Checklists Page:

1) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Go To
Chklist?’ (Figure 1-9) and press the ENT Key.
Figure 1-7 Fuel Flow Selected
The Instrument Panel Self-test Page includes selections

to set fuel on board to full capacity and access the
Checklists Page. This allows the pilot to quickly set fuel Figure 1-9 ‘Go To Chklist?’ Highlighted
to full limits and display any checklists that have been
entered, such as start up or takeoff checklists. 2) Turn the large right knob to select the desired
Setting fuel on board to full (if not checklist, then execute each step (Section 8.3,
provided by sensor): Utility Page: Checklists) in the selected check-
list.
1) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Set Full
Fuel?’ (Figure 1-8). 3) Once the pilot completes the desired checklist(s),
press the small right knob to return to the
Checklists Page. Press the small right knob
again to return to normal operation on the
Satellite Status Page or the Map Page.
4) Once instrument operation has been verified
with the Instrument Panel Self-test Page
displayed, highlight ‘OK?’, and press the ENT
Key.
NOTE: The GPS 500 can hold up to nine checklists

Figure 1-8 ‘Set Full Fuel?’ Highlighted with up to 30 entries in each checklist.
2) Press the ENT Key and verify that fuel on board

now matches the fuel capacity figure. Fuel on
board is reduced, over time, based on the fuel
flow figure.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Satellite Status Page Status Page displays a ‘Search Sky’ status, and the message
annunciator (MSG), above the MSG Key also flashes to
The Satellite Status Page (Figure 1-10) appears as the
alert the pilot of system message, ‘Searching the Sky’.
GPS 500 attempts to collect satellite information.
When an ‘Acquiring’ status is displayed on the Satellite Viewing a system message:
Status Page, the signal strengths of any satellites received Press the MSG Key (Figure 1-11).
appear as ‘bar graph’ readings. This is a good indication
that the unit is receiving signals and a position fix is being The Message Page appears and displays the status or
determined. Following the first-time use of the GPS 500, warning information applicable to the receiver’s current
the time required for a position fix varies, usually from operating condition.
one to two minutes.
Figure 1-11 Message Page

Figure 1-10 Satellite Status Page
Returning to the previous page after
If the unit can only obtain enough satellites for 2D viewing a message:
navigation (no altitude), the unit uses the altitude provided Press the MSG Key again.
by the altitude encoder (if one is connected).
The ‘INTEG’ annunciator (bottom left corner of the NOTE: The GPS 500 utilizes certain software
screen) indicates that satellite coverage is insufficient to algorithms to ensure reliable GPS receiver
pass built-in integrity monitoring tests. In the example operation. Receiver Autonomous Integrity
above, not enough satellites are being received to determine Monitoring (RAIM) and Fault Detection and
a position. The Satellite Status Page shows the ID numbers Exclusion (FDE) are two examples. These features
allow navigation during Oceanic/Remote legs of
for the satellites and the relative signal strength of each
a flight using the GPS 500. For further details,
satellite received (as a bar graph reading). please refer to Sections 8.3, 8.4, and 11.
‘Searching Sky’ indicates that satellite almanac data is
not available or has expired (if the unit hasn’t been used
for six months or more). This means the unit is acquiring
satellite data to establish almanac and satellite orbit
information, which can take five to ten minutes. The data
is recollected from the first available satellite. The Satellite

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Page Groups NAV Pages

There are five pages available under the NAV Page
Page Groups Group*:
NAV Group WPT Group AUX Group NRST Group • Default NAV Page
see Section 2 see Section 6 see Section 8 see Section 7 • Map Page
Table 1-1 Page Groups • TAWS Page
The bottom right corner of the screen (Figure 1-12) • NAV/COM Page
indicates which page group (Table 1-1) is currently being • Satellite Status Page
displayed, the number of pages available within that group
The Default NAV Page, the Map Page, and the NAV/
(indicated by square icons), and the placement of the
COM Page are used for most of the in-flight navigation.
current page within that group (indicated by a highlighted
square icon). Selecting the NAV Page Group and
In addition to the NAV Page Group, additional page groups displaying the Default NAV Page:
are available for waypoint information (WPT), auxiliary Press and hold the CLR Key.
(AUX) functions such as flight planning or unit settings, and
Selecting the desired NAV Page:
listings for nearest (NRST) airports or other facilities.
Turn the small right knob until the desired
page is displayed.
Current Page Group Number of Pages in Position of

Current Page Group Current Page
within Current
Page Group
Figure 1-12 Current Page and Page Group
Selecting the desired page group and page:
Turn the large right knob until a page from the
desired page group is displayed.
Turn the small right knob until the desired page
is displayed.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Map Page While viewing the Map Page, the pilot can quickly
declutter and remove many of the background map details
After the GPS 500 acquires satellites and computes
by pressing the CLR Key (repeatedly) until the desired
a position, the Map Page (Figure 1-13) appears
detail is depicted.
automatically.
To change the map range, press the up arrow (to zoom
Map Display Data out) or the down arrow (to zoom in) of the RNG (map
Fields
range) Key. The current map range is depicted in the
lower left corner of the Map Display.
Direct-to Navigation
Present The GPS 500 can use direct point-to-point navigation
Position to provide guidance from takeoff to touchdown, even
in the IFR environment. Once a destination is selected,
Desired Track the unit provides speed, course, and distance data based
Map Range upon a direct course from the present position to the
destination. A destination can be selected from any page
Figure 1-13 Map Page with the Direct-to Key.
Selecting a direct-to destination:
The Map Page displays the present position (using an
airplane symbol) relative to nearby airports, VORs, NDBs, 1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Select Direct-to
intersections, user waypoints, and airspace boundaries. Waypoint Page appears with the destination
The route is displayed as a solid line. field highlighted.
Optional data fields for destination waypoint (WPT), 2) Turn the small right knob to enter the first
desired track (DTK), track (TRK), distance to waypoint letter of the destination waypoint identifier.
(DIS), and ground speed (GS) appear on the right-hand The destination waypoint may be an airport,
side of the display. These fields are user selectable (Section VOR, NDB, intersection, or user waypoint,
2.4, Selecting Desired On-screen Data) to allow the pilot as long as it is in the database or stored in
to configure the unit. Available settings include: altitude, memory as a user waypoint.
bearing, enroute safe altitude, estimated time of arrival, 3) Turn the large right knob to the right to move
minimum safe altitude, and ground track. the cursor to the next character position.
A Map Setup Page is provided to designate the
maximum range at which each map feature appears.
These settings provide an automatic decluttering of the
map (based upon preferences) while adjusting the range.
See Section 14.3 for definitions of these navigation terms.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
4) Repeat steps 2 and 3 to spell out the rest of Default NAV Page
the waypoint identifier (Figure 1-14).
During most flights, the Default NAV Page, the Map
Page, and the NAV/COM Page are the primary pages used
for navigation.
Selecting the Default NAV Page:
Press and hold the CLR Key (Figure
1-16).
User-Selectable Data Fields (all four corners)
Figure 1-14 Direct-to Waypoint Page
5) Press the ENT Key to confirm the identifier. The

‘Activate?’ function field is highlighted (Figure Active Leg
1-15). Course of Flight
Deviation Plan, or
Indicator Direct-to
(CDI) Destination
Figure 1-16 Default NAV Page
The Default NAV Page (Figure 1-18) displays a graphic

course deviation indicator (CDI), the active leg of the flight
plan (as defined by the current ‘from’ and ‘to’ waypoints),
and four user-selectable data fields. The default settings
Figure 1-15 ‘Activate?’ Highlighted for these fields are desired track (DTK), distance to
waypoint (DIS), ground speed (GS), and estimated time
6) Press the ENT Key to activate a direct-to course enroute (ETE). See Section 14.3 for definitions of these
to the selected destination. navigation terms.
Once a direct-to destination is selected, press and hold
the CLR Key to display the Default NAV Page.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Changing the data fields: NAV/COM Page

1) From the Default NAV page, press the MENU From the Default NAV Page, turn the small right knob
Key and select ‘Change Fields?’ (Figure 1-17). until the NAV/COM Page (Figure 1-19) is displayed.
Departure, Enroute, or
Arrival Airport
Frequency Frequency
Type List
Figure 1-17 Default NAV Page Menu
2) Turn the large right knob to select the data

Figure 1-19 NAV/COM Page
field to be changed.
3) Turn the small right knob to display a list of The NAV/COM Page displays the available frequencies
data options (Figure 1-18). (communications and navigation) for the departure airport,
any enroute airports which are included in the flight plan,
and the final destination airport. When using the direct-
to function, frequencies are listed for the airport nearest to
the starting position and the destination airport.
Displaying the frequency list for the
desired flight plan or direct-to airport:
1) Press the small right knob to activate the
cursor on the airport identifier field (in the GPS
Window).
Figure 1-18 ‘Select Field Type’ Window 2) Turn the small right knob to display the list
of airports (departure, arrival, and enroute) for
4) Press the ENT Key to select the desired data the flight plan or direct-to. Continue to turn
item and return to the Default NAV Page. the small right knob until the desired airport
is selected.
3) Press the ENT Key to display the frequency list
for the selected airport.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Displaying frequencies for a different IFR Procedures

airport along the flight plan.
Once the direct-to or flight plan is confirmed, the whole
1) Press the small right knob to highlight the range of instrument procedures is available. Departures
airport identifier field. (SIDs), arrivals (STARs), non-precision and precision
2) Turn the small right knob to display the list of approaches are stored within the NavData card and are
airports within the flight plan (Figure 1-20). available using the PROC (procedures) Key.
To display the Procedures Page (Figure 1-21), press the
PROC Key.
Figure 1-20 Airport Window
3) Continue turning the small right knob to select Figure 1-21 Procedures Page
the desired airport and press the ENT Key. The steps required to select and activate an approach,
departure, or arrival are identical. This introductory
section shows examples of the steps required to select an
approach, but keep in mind the same process also applies
to departures and arrivals.
Selecting an approach, departure, or
arrival:
1) Turn the large right knob to select the desired
option (‘Select Approach?’, ‘Select Arrival?’,
or ‘Select Departure?’) from the Procedures
Page.
2) Press the ENT Key to display a list of
available procedures for the arrival (when using
approaches or STARs) or departure (when using
SIDs) airport.
3) Turn the small right knob to select the desired
procedure and press the ENT Key.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
4) For approaches, a window appears (Figure Nearest (NRST) Pages

1-22) to select the desired initial approach
The NRST Page Group provides detailed information
fix (IAF) or provide a ‘vectors’ option to select
on the nine nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections,
just the final course segment of the approach.
and user-created waypoints within 200 nm of the current
Turn the small right knob to select the desired
position. In addition, pages are also provided to display
option and press the ENT Key. (The ‘vectors’
the five nearest center (ARTCC/FIR) and Flight Service
option extends the final inbound course beyond
Station (FSS) points of communication, plus alert the
the final approach fix, allowing the pilot to
pilot to any nearby special-use or controlled airspaces.
intercept the final course segment beyond its
There are eight pages available in the NRST group:
normal limits.)
• Nearest Airport Page
• Nearest NDB Page
• Nearest User Waypoints Page
• Nearest FSS Page
• Nearest Intersection Page
• Nearest VOR Page
• Nearest ARTCC Page
• Nearest Airspace Page
Figure 1-22 Approach Window
The communication frequencies and runway
5) For departures and arrivals, a window appears information may both be examined directly from the
to select the desired transition. Turn the small Nearest Airport Page.
right knob to select the desired option and
press the ENT Key.
In the flight plan or direct-to, the departure or arrival
airport is replaced with the sequence of waypoints
contained within the selected procedure.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Displaying the NRST pages:

1) If necessary, press and hold the CLR Key to
select the NAV group and display the Default
NAV Page.
2) Turn the large right knob to select the NRST
Page Group, as indicated by ‘NRST’ appearing
in the lower right corner of the screen.
NRST Page. Figure 1-24 Scrolling the Nearest Airport List
Displaying a list of nearby airports:
Viewing additional information for a
1) Turn the large right knob to select the NRST
nearby airport:
Page Group and (if needed) the small right
knob to select the Nearest Airport Page (Figure 1) Press the small right knob to activate the
1-23). cursor.
airport from the list.
3) Press the ENT Key to display waypoint (WPT)
information pages for the selected airport
(Figure 1-25).
Figure 1-23 Nearest Airport Page
2) To scroll through the list, press the small right

knob, then turn the large right knob (Figure
1-24)
Figure 1-25 Airport Location Page
4) To display runway and frequency information,

press the small right knob to remove the
cursor and turn the small right knob to display
the desired information page.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
The Nearest Airport Page may be used in conjunction Nearest (NRST) Airspace Page
with the Direct-to Key to quickly set a course to a nearby
The last page in the NRST group, the Nearest Airspace
facility in an in-flight emergency. Selecting a nearby
Page (Figure 1-27), provides information for up to nine
airport as a direct-to destination overrides the flight plan
controlled or special-use airspaces near or in the flight
or cancels a previously selected direct-to destination. (The
path. Airspace information appears on this page based on
pilot still has the option of returning to the flight plan
the same criteria used for airspace alert messages:
by cancelling the direct-to; see Section 3.1, Cancelling
Direct-to Navigation.) • If the projected course will take the aircraft inside
an airspace within the next ten minutes, the
Selecting a nearby airport as a direct-to message ‘Airspace ahead -- less than 10 minutes’
destination from the Nearest Airport Page: appears.
1) From the Nearest Airport Page, press the small
• If the aircraft is within 2 nm of an airspace and the
right knob to activate the cursor.
current course will take it inside of the airspace,
2) Turn the large right knob to select the desired the message ‘Airspace near and ahead’ appears.
airport from the list.
• If the aircraft is within 2 nm of an airspace and
3) Press the Direct-to Key. the current course will not take it inside of the air-
4) Press the ENT Key. space, the message ‘Near airspace less than 2nm’
5) Press the ENT Key (again) to navigate to the appears.
nearby airport. • If the aircraft has entered an airspace, the message
Selecting a nearby airport as a direct-to ‘Inside airspace’ appears.
destination from an Airport Information
Page:
1) Press the Direct-to Key.
2) Press the ENT Key (Figure 1-26).
Figure 1-27 Nearest Airspace Page
Figure 1-26 Direct-To Waypoint Page

3) Press the ENT Key again to navigate to the
nearby airport.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
By default, airspace alert messages are turned off. When Flight Plans (FPL)
turned on, the message (MSG) annunciator located directly
The GPS 500 lets the pilot create up to 20 flight plans
above the MSG Key flashes to alert the pilot to the airspace
with up to 31 waypoints in each flight plan. Flight plans
message. See Section 8.4, Setup Page: Airspace Alarms for
are created, edited, and activated using the FPL Key. The
information on enabling airspace alert messages.
FPL Page Group includes two pages: the Active Flight Plan
Viewing an airspace alert message: Page and the Flight Plan Catalog Page (Figures 1-29 and
1) Press the MSG Key. The Messages Page 1-30). The Active Flight Plan Page provides information
appears with the alert message (Figure and editing features for the flight plan currently in use
1-28). (referred to as ‘flight plan 00’). The Flight Plan Catalog
Page serves as the main page for creating new flight plans,
as well as editing or activating previously created flight
plans.
Figure 1-28 Messages Page
2) Press the MSG Key again to return to the

previous display.
Note that the airspace alerts are based upon three- Figure 1-29 Active Flight Plan Page
dimensional data (latitude, longitude, and altitude) to
avoid nuisance alerts. The alert boundaries for controlled
airspace are also sectorized to provide complete information
on any nearby airspace. Additional information about a
nearby airspace—such as controlling agency, frequency, and
floor/ceiling limits—is available from the Nearest Airspace
Page (Section 7.9).
Viewing additional airspace information:
cursor.
2) Turn the large right knob to select the desired Figure 1-30 Flight Plan Catalog Page
airspace from the list.
3) Press the ENT Key to view the airspace
information.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Since using flight plans is arguably one of the more 7) Repeat steps 5 and 6, above, until all waypoints
complex features of the GPS 500, it will be discussed only for the flight plan have been entered (Figure
briefly here, with focus on creating a new flight plan and 1-32).
activating it to use for navigation. Answers to additional
questions about flight plans not found in this brief
introduction can be found in Section 4, Flight Plans.
Creating a new flight plan:
1) Press the FPL Key.
2) Turn the small right knob to select the Flight
Plan Catalog Page.
3) Press the MENU Key to display the Flight Plan
Catalog Page Menu (Figure 1-31).
Figure 1-32 Enter Flight Plan Waypoints
Once the flight plan is created, it may be activated from

the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu. Activating the flight
plan places it into ‘flight plan 00’ (a copy of it still resides
in the original catalog location) and replaces any flight
plan which currently exists in ‘flight plan 00’.
Activating the new flight plan:
Catalog Page Menu.
Figure 1-31 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu
2) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Activate
Flight Plan?’ (Figure 1-33) and press the ENT
4) Turn the large right knob to select ‘Create New
Key
Flight Plan?’ and press the ENT Key.
5) The cursor appears on the first waypoint identifier
field (located directly below ‘WAYPOINT’). Use
the large and small right knobs to enter the
identifier of the first waypoint in the flight plan.
(The small knob is used to select the desired
letter or number and the large knob is used to
move to the next character space.)
6) Press the ENT Key once the identifier has been
selected. The cursor moves to the next blank
waypoint identifier field. Figure 1-33 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
SECTION 2: NAV PAGES Selecting the desired page group (from any
page):
Press and hold the CLR Key to select the
2.1 Main Page Groups Default NAV Page. Turn the large right knob
The GPS 500’s main pages are divided into four to select the desired page group (Table 2-1 and
separate page groups: NAV, WPT, AUX, and NRST Figure 2-1).
(Table 2-1). Each page group is comprised of multiple Selecting the desired page within the
pages. The page groups are selected using the large right group:
knob. The individual pages are selected using the small Turn the small right knob to select the desired
right knob. page (Figure 2-1).
Page Groups The bottom right corner of the screen is also used to
display the GPS 500’s turn advisories (‘Turn to 230°’) and
NAV Group WPT Group AUX Group NRST Group
waypoint alerts (‘Next DTK 230°’) during flight plan and
5 NAV Pages see Section 6 see Section 8 see Section 7 approach operations (Figure 2-2). See Section 5 for more
Table 2-1 Page Groups information.
The bottom right corner of the screen (Figure 2-1)
indicates which page group is currently being displayed
(e.g., NAV, WPT, AUX, or NRST), the number of screens
available within that group (indicated by the square icons),
and the placement of the current screen within that group
(indicated by a highlighted square icon).
Turn Advisory
Figure 2-2 Turn Advisory
Current Page Group Number of Pages in Position of Current Page

Current Page Group within Current Page Group
Figure 2-1 Current Page and Page Group

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
2.2 NAV Page Group 2.3 Default NAV Page

The NAV Page Group includes five pages (Figure The first NAV page is the Default NAV Page (Figure
2-3). While viewing any NAV page, turn the small right 2-4). The Default NAV Page displays a “look ahead” map
knob to select a different NAV page. The pilot may find display with your present position at the bottom center of
this selection process convenient to cycle between the the page. The top of the page displays desired track (DTK),
Default NAV Page and the Map Page, which are two of ground track (TRK), and distance to destination waypoint
the most frequently used pages. Other pages are provided (DIS). The bottom of the page indicates ground speed (GS),
for TAWS information (if configured for TAWS), to list active to/from waypoints (only active to, for a direct-to
frequencies for the flight plan, and to display current destination) and estimated time enroute (ETE). A graphic
satellite reception. course deviation indicator (CDI) also appears at the bottom
of the page Unlike the angular limits used on a mechanical
CDI coupled to a VOR or ILS receiver, full scale limits for
this CDI are defined by a GPS-derived distance (0.3, 1.0, or
5.0 nm), as indicated at both ends of the CDI. By default,
the CDI scale automatically adjusts to the desired limits
Default NAV Map TAWS or TERRAIN based upon the current phase of flight: oceanic, enroute,
terminal area, or approach. The pilot may also manually
select the desired scale setting as outlined in Section 8.4.
User-Selectable Data Fields (all four corners)
NAV/COM Satellite Status
Figure 2-3 NAV Pages Map

Range
Active Leg
NOTE: *Six or Seven NAV pages are available of Flight
when the GPS 500 installation includes Course Plan, or
Deviation Direct-to
connection to traffic and/or weather information Indicator Destination
sources. See Section 12 of this manual for more (CDI)
information.
Position of Current
Number of Pages in Page within Current
Current Page Group Current Page Group Page Group

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
The graphic CDI shows the current position at the center Table 2-2 shows the symbols used on the Default NAV
of the indicator, relative to the desired course (the moving Page (directly above the CDI), to depict the ‘active leg’ of
course deviation needle). As with a traditional mechanical a flight plan or direct to.
CDI, when off course simply steer toward the needle.
The TO/FROM arrow in the center of the scale indicates Direct-to a Waypoint
whether the aircraft is heading TO (up arrow) or FROM the Course to a Waypoint, or Desired Course
waypoint (down arrow). between Two Waypoints
Directly above the CDI appears the active leg of the
flight plan, or the direct-to destination when using the Procedure Turn
Direct-to Key. This automatically sequences to the next Procedure Turn
leg of the flight plan as each interim waypoint is reached.
If no flight plan or direct-to destination has been selected, Vectors-to-Final
the destination field remains blank.
DME Arc to the Left
Quickly selecting the Default NAV Page
from any page: DME Arc to the Right
Press and holding the CLR Key. Left-hand Holding Pattern
NOTE: The GPS 500 always navigates TO a Right-hand Holding Pattern

waypoint unless the OBS switch is set (preventing
Table 2-2
automatic waypoint sequencing), or if the aircraft
has passed the last waypoint in the flight plan.
The range of the “look ahead” map display appears in

the bottom left corner. Nine scale settings, ranging from
5.0 nm to 200 nm are available. Use the RNG Key to
select the desired scale.
Adjusting the Map scale:
1) Press the up arrow on the RNG Key to zoom
out to a larger area OR,
2) Press the down arrow on the RNG Key to zoom
in to a smaller area.

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
Selecting Desired On-Screen Data Selecting a different data item for any data
field:
At the bottom of the Default NAV Page there are six
user-definable fields which display the data needed as 1) Starting with the Default NAV Page, press the
the flight progresses (Figure 2-3). By default these fields MENU Key to display the Default NAV Page
display: distance to destination (DIS), desired track Menu (Figure 2-5).
(DTK), bearing to destination (BRG), ground speed (GS),
ground track (TRK), and estimated time enroute (ETE).
However, each of these fields can be customized to display
a different data item. Available data items include:
• Bearing to destination (BRG)
• Course to steer (CTS)
• Cross track error (XTK)
• Desired track (DTK)
• Distance to destination (DIS) Figure 2-5 Default NAV Page Menu
• Enroute safe altitude (ESA)
2) The ‘Change Fields?’ option is already
• Estimated time of arrival (ETA) highlighted, so press the ENT Key to select
• Estimate time enroute (ETE) this option.
• Fuel flow (FLOW) (when configured) 3) Use the large right knob to highlight the data
• Ground speed (GS)
4) Turn the small right knob to display the list
• Ground track (TRK) of available data items (Figure 2-6). Continue
• Minimum safe altitude (MSA) turning the small right knob to select the
• Track angle error (TKE) desired data item from the list.
• Vertical speed required (VSR)
If no flight plan or direct-to destination has been
selected, only speed, track, altitude, and minimum safe
altitude data may be displayed. All other data types appear
as blank lines on the Default NAV Page until a destination
is selected.
Figure 2-6 Select Field Type Window

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
5) Press the ENT Key to select the desired data Auto Zoom
item and return to the Default NAV Page.
An auto zoom feature is available for the Default NAV
6) Press the small right knob momentarily to Page, which automatically adjusts from an enroute scale of
remove the cursor from the page. 200 nm through each lower scale, stopping at 5.0 nm as
you approach your destination waypoint. By default, the
Restoring Factory Settings
auto zoom feature is disabled.
All data fields settings can be quickly returned to
Enabling or disabling the auto zoom
original factory settings.
feature
Restoring all six data fields to factory
1) From the Default NAV Page, press the MENU
default settings:
Key to display the options menu (Figure 2-8).
1) From the Default NAV Page, press the MENU
Key to display the Default NAV Page Menu.
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the
‘Restore Defaults?’ option (Figure 2-7) and
press the ENT Key. Figure 2-8 Default NAV Page Menu
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Enable

Auto Zoom’ (or ‘Disable Auto Zoom’).
3) Press the ENT Key to select this option.
Figure 2-7 Default NAV Page Menu
Dual Unit Considerations

A ‘Crossfill?’ option is also provided for the Default
NAV Page. This option transfers a direct-to destination or
flight plan to a second Garmin 400 or 500 Series unit. See
Section 8.2, Flight Planning Page: Crossfill for additional
details on using the crossfill option.

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
2.4 Map Page Table 2-3 shows the symbols used to depict the various
airports and NAVAIDS on the Map Page.
The second NAV page is the Map Page (Figure 2-9),
which displays the present position using an airplane Symbol Description
symbol, along with nearby airports, NAVAIDS, user- Airport with hard surface runway(s); (primary
defined waypoints, airspace boundaries, lakes, rivers, runway shown)
highways, and cities. Airport with soft surface runway(s) only
Map Display Private Airfield
Heliport
VOR
Desired Track
Present VOR/DME
Position
DME
Localizer
Map Range
Intersection
Position of Current
Number of Pages in Page within Current VORTAC
Current Page Group Current Page Group Page Group
Figure 2-9 Map Page TACAN
NOTE: If the GPS 500 is unable to determine NDB

a GPS position, the present position (airplane) Locator Outer Marker
symbol does not appear on the Map Page.
Table 2-3 Map Page Symbols
Different symbols are used to distinguish between
waypoint types. The identifiers for any on-screen The Map Display can be set to 23 different range
waypoints can also be displayed. (The identifiers are settings from 500 feet to 2000 nautical miles (statute and
enabled by default.) Special-use and controlled airspace metric units are also available). The range is indicated
boundaries appear on the map, showing the individual in the lower left-hand corner of the Map Display (Figure
sectors for Class B, Class C, and Class D airspaces. 2-9), and represents the top-to-bottom distance covered
by the Map Display.
Selecting a map range:
1) Press the up arrow of the RNG Key to zoom
out to a larger map area.
2) Press the down arrow of the RNG Key to zoom
in to a smaller map area and more detail.
SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
An autozoom feature is available which automatically Quickly decluttering the Map Display:
adjusts from an enroute range of 2000 nm through Press the CLR Key momentarily (as often as
each lower range, stopping at a range of 1.0 nm when needed) to select the desired amount of map
approaching the destination waypoint. The autozoom detail.
feature is turned on/off from the Map Setup Page (described
in Section 2.4). The CLR Key allows the pilot to quickly declutter the
The Map Page also displays a background map (or Map Display, providing four levels of map detail. Note the
‘basemap’) showing lakes, rivers, coastlines, highways, ‘-1’ (‘-2’ and ‘-3’ are also provided) suffix designation in
railways, and towns. When a map range is selected below Figure 2-11, indicating each successive declutter level.
the lower limit at which the map detail was originally Map Detail Level
created, an ‘overzoom’ indication appears on the Map
Display, below the range reading (Figure 2-10). The
basemap has limited accuracy, and should not be used Figure 2-11 Detail Level on Map Page
for navigation, but only for non-navigational situational
awareness. Any basemap indication should be compared Five user-selectable data fields can be added to the
against other navigational sources for accuracy. Continuing right-hand side of the Map Display. By default, the
to zoom in to lower range settings will cause ‘overzoom’ to displayed data is: destination waypoint name (WPT),
be replaced with ‘no map’ and the geographic detail will desired track (DTK), ground track (TRK), distance to
be removed from the Map Display (airport and NAVAID destination waypoint (DIS), and ground speed (GS).
remain). Adding these data fields or changing the data types is
outlined in Section 2.4. The five data fields can also be
removed from the map to show a larger map image, as
shown in Figure 2-9.
Figure 2-10 Overzoom on Map Page
The ‘Setup Map?’ option (described in Section 2.4)

allows the pilot to define the maximum range at which
each map feature appears. This provides the pilot with
complete control to minimize screen clutter. The pilot
can also quickly remove items from the map using the
CLR Key.

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
Map Panning When the target pointer is placed on an object, the

name of that object is highlighted (even if the name wasn’t
Another Map Page function is panning, which allows the
originally displayed on the map). This feature applies to
map to move beyond its current limits without adjusting
airports, NAVAIDS, user-created waypoints, roads, lakes,
the map range. When the panning function is selected (by
rivers, almost everything displayed on the map except
pressing the small right knob), a target pointer flashes on
route lines.
the Map Display (Figure 2-12). A window also appears at
When an airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint is selected
the top of the Map Display showing the latitude/longitude
on the Map Display, information about the waypoint can
position of the pointer, plus the bearing and distance to
be reviewed or the waypoint can be designated as the
the pointer from the present position.
direct-to destination.
Pointer Position Window
Reviewing information for an on-screen
airport, NAVAID or user waypoint:
Target
Pointer 1) Use the panning function (as described in
the preceding procedure) to place the target
pointer on a waypoint (Figure 2-12).
2) Press the ENT Key to display the Waypoint
Information Page(s) for the selected waypoint
(Figure 2-13).
Figure 2-12 Panning on Map Page
Selecting the panning function and panning

the Map Display:
panning target pointer.
2) Turn the small right knob to move up (turn
clockwise) or down (counterclockwise).
3) Turn the large right knob to move right (turn Figure 2-13 Information for On-Screen Waypoint
clockwise) or left (counterclockwise).
4) To cancel the panning function and return to 3) Press the CLR Key to exit the information
the present position, press the small right page(s).
knob.

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
Map Direct-to Airspace Information on the Map

Designating an on-screen airport, When a special-use or controlled airspace boundary
NAVAID, or user waypoint as the direct-to appears on the Map Display, the pilot can quickly retrieve
destination: information (such as floor/ceiling limits and controlling
agency) directly from the map.
1) Use the panning function (‘Map Panning’ in
this section) to place the target pointer on a Viewing airspace information for an
waypoint. on-screen special-use or controlled
airspace:
2) Press the Direct-to Key to display the select
Direct-to Waypoint Page, with the selected 1) Use the panning function (‘Map Panning’ in this
waypoint already listed (Figure 2-14). section) to place the target pointer on an open
area within the boundaries of an airspace. If
the area is congested and it is difficult to select
an open area, it may be necessary to zoom in
or press the CLR Key to make the selection
easier (Figure 2-15).
Figure 2-14 +MAP Waypoint
3) Press the ENT Key twice to confirm the selection

and begin navigating to the waypoint.
The direct-to function can be used anywhere on the
map. If nothing currently exists at the target pointer Figure 2-15 Select Airspace with Target Pointer
location, a new waypoint called ‘+MAP’ (Figure 2-13) is
created at the target pointer location before the direct-to 2) Press the ENT Key to display an options menu
is initiated. (Figure 2-16).
Figure 2-16 Map Panning Options Window

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
3) ‘Review Airspace?’ should already be ‘Setup Map?’ allows configuration of the Map Display
highlighted, if not select it with the small to individual preferences, including map orientation,
right knob. Press the ENT Key to display the land data enable/disable, Jeppesen data enable/disable,
Airspace Information Page for the selected automatic zoom, airspace boundaries, and text size.
airspace. NOTE: Large, medium, and small classifications
4) To display the COM frequency(ies) for the are used on the GPS 500 for airports and cities.
controlling agency, turn the large right knob to Large airports are those with a runway longer
highlight ‘Frequencies?’ and press the ENT Key. than 8100 feet. Medium airports include those
Press the CLR Key to return to the Airspace with a runway longer than 5000 feet or with
Information Page. a control tower. Large cities are those with
approximate populations greater than 200,000
5) Press the CLR Key to exit the Airspace and medium cities with greater than 50,000.
Information Page.
The following settings are available for each group:
Map Setup
Many of the GPS 500’s functions are menu driven. Map Orientation, AutoZoom, Land Data,
Each of the main pages has an options menu, allowing Aviation Data
customization of the corresponding page to the pilot’s Weather Lightning Mode/Symbol
preferences and/or selection of special features which (when applicable)
specifically relate to that page. A Map Page Menu (Figure Traffic Traffic Mode/Symbol/Label
2-17) provides additional settings to customize the Map (when applicable)
Page and additional features related specifically to the
Map Page. Airport Large/Medium/Small Airports and
Text
Displaying the Map Page Menu:
NAVAID VORs, NDBs, Intersections, and Text
Press the MENU Key with the Map Page Waypoint User Waypoints, Waypoint Text,
displayed (Figure 2-17). Flight Plan Wpts
Line Active Flight Plan, Lat/Long
Control Controlled Airspace: Class B, C, D
(tower zone)
Airspace Special-Use Airspace: Restricted,
Figure 2-17 Map Page Menu MOA, Other
The following options are available: ‘Setup Map?’, City Large/Medium/Small Cities and Text
‘Measure Dist?’, ‘Data Fields Off?’, ‘Change Fields?’, and Road Freeway, National Highway, Local
‘Restore Defaults?’. Hwy, Local Road
Other States/Prov, Rivers/Lakes, Railroads,
Wind Vector

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
Changing the map orientation: d) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected option
1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right (Figure 2-20)
knob to highlight ‘Setup Map?’ (Figure 2-17)
and press the ENT Key.
2) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Map’
(Figure 2-18) and press the ENT Key.
Figure 2-18 Map Setup Window . Figure 2-20 Map Setup Page
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the To enable/disable automatic zoom:
‘Orientation’ field. 1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right
4) Turn the small right knob to select the desired knob to highlight ‘Setup Map?’ and press the
option. ENT Key.
a) Select ‘DTK up’ to fix the top of the Map Display 2) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Map’ and
to the desired course. press the ENT Key.
b) Select ‘North up’ to fix the top of the Map 3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the ‘Auto
Display to a north heading. Zoom’ field.
c) Select ‘Track up’ (Figure 2-19) to adjust the 4) Turn the small right knob to select ‘On’ or
top of the Map Display to the current track ‘Off’.
heading. 5) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected option.
The automatic zoom feature automatically
adjusts the map range from 2000 nm through
each lower range, stopping at 1.0 nm when
approaching the destination waypoint.
Figure 2-19 Orientation Window

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
Enabling/disabling the wind vector, all 7) Turn the small right knob to select the desired
background land data, or all Jeppesen text size, or select ‘None’ to disable text
aviation data: descriptions.
1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right 8) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected
knob to highlight ‘Setup Map?’ and press the option.
ENT Key.
For airspace boundaries, highways, roads,
2) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Map’ and railroad lines, track log data, active flight
press the ENT Key. plan course lines, and lat/long grid lines:
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the 1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right
appropriate field. knob to highlight ‘Setup Map?’ and press the
4) Turn the small right knob to select ‘On’ or ENT Key.
‘Off’. 2) Turn the small right knob to select the
5) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected appropriate ‘Group’ name (per the table on
option. the preceding page) and press the ENT Key.
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the zoom
Displaying airports, NAVAIDs, active flight
field for the desired feature.
plan waypoints, user-created waypoints,
state/provincial boundaries, rivers/lakes, 4) Turn the small right knob to select the
and cities: maximum range at which the feature should
1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right appear on screen (or select ‘Off’ to never
knob to highlight ‘Setup Map?’ and press the display the selected feature).
ENT Key. 5) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected
2) Turn the small right knob to select the option.
appropriate ‘Group’ name (per the table on
the preceding page) and press the ENT Key.
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the zoom
4) Turn the small right knob to select the
maximum range at which the feature should
appear on screen (or select ‘Off’ to never
display the selected feature).
5) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected
option.
6) Turn the large right knob to highlight the text

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
Distance Measurements 4) Again, use the small and large right knobs
The ‘Measure Dist?’ option provides a quick, easy to place the reference pointer at the desired
method for determining the bearing and distance between location to measure TO. The bearing and
any two points on the Map Display. distance from the first reference location
appears at the top of the Map Display.
Measuring bearing and distance between
two points: 5) To exit the ‘Measure Dist?’ option, press the
1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right small right knob.
knob to highlight ‘Measure Dist?’ (Figure 2-21).
Adding Data Fields to the Map
The ‘Data Fields On?’ option provides a Map Display
(Figure 2-23) with five user-selectable data fields along the
right-hand side of the screen. Select this option to display
additional on-screen data such as destination waypoint
name (WPT), desired track (DTK), groundtrack (TRK),
Figure 2-21 Map Page Menu distance to destination (DIS), and ground speed (GS). If
2) Press the ENT Key, an on-screen reference this option has been selected and the data fields are being
pointer appears on the Map Display at the displayed, ‘Data Fields Off?’ appears as an option instead.
present position.
3) Turn the small and large right knobs to place
the reference pointer at the desired location to
measure FROM and press the ENT Key (Figure
2-22).
Figure 2-23 Map Display with Data Fields On
To turn the data fields off/on:

From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right
knob to highlight ‘Data Fields On?’ (or ‘Data
Fields Off?’) and press the ENT Key.
Figure 2-22 Using Pointer to Measure Distance and Bearing

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
Clearing On-Screen Weather Data

‘Clear Storm Data?’ removes storm history information
from the map. New storm data appears as detected and
relayed by a connected weather data source. Weather data
and the ‘Clear Storm Data?’ option are only available when
the GPS 500 installation includes connection to weather
information sources. See the 400/500 Series Display
Interfaces Pilot’s Guide Addendum (190-00140-10) or
Section 12 of this Pilot’s Guide. Figure 2-25 Select Data Field Window
Selecting Desired On-Screen Data
4) Press the small right knob to remove the
‘Change Fields?’ allows selection of the data displayed cursor.
on the five user-selectable data fields along the right-
NOTE: The on-screen traffic information occupies
hand side of the Map Page. There are sixteen available
two data fields, leaving room to display only two
data types, including bearing to destination, distance additional data types. Traffic information is only
to destination, estimated time of arrival, ground speed, available when the GPS 500 installation includes
minimum safe altitude, and track. See Section 14.3 for connection to traffic information sources. See
descriptions of these (and other) navigation terms. Section 12, Additional Features
Changing a data field:
Restoring Factory Settings
1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right
knob to highlight ‘Change Fields?’ (Figure ‘Restore Defaults?’ resets all four user-selectable data
3-24) and press the ENT Key. fields to their original factory default settings.
Restoring the factory default settings:
From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right
knob to highlight ‘Restore Defaults?’ (Figure
2-26) and press the ENT Key.
Figure 2-24 Map Page Menu
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the data

3) Turn the small right knob to select the type of
Figure 2-26 Map Page Menu
data (Figure 2-25) desired to appear on this
field and press the ENT Key.

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
2.5 TERRAIN Page Selectable Display Settings

The TERRAIN Page has two selectable view settings:
NOTE: GPS 500 units may* display either a • 360˚ View - View from above aircraft depicting
TERRAIN Page or a TAWS Page, (but not both)
surrounding terrain on all sides (Figure 2-27)
depending upon the installed hardware and
configuration. • 120˚ View - View of terrain ahead of and 60˚ to
either side of the aircraft flight path
* Some earlier units are not equipped to support the
TERRAIN and/or TAWS functionality, so therefore will not Red Terrain (Warning
- Terrain Above or Within GPS-derived
have a TERRAIN or TAWS page available. 100’ Below Aircraft Altitude) MSL Altitude
TERRAIN Page TERRAIN

Black Terrain
Page
(No Danger
To display the TERRAIN Page, select the NAV Page Indication - Terrain More
Group and turn the small right knob until the TERRAIN than 1000’ below
Aircraft Altitude)
Page is displayed (Figure 2-27). The TERRAIN Page
displays: Yellow Terrain
(Caution - Terrain
Between 100’
• GPS-derived MSL altitude in increments of 20 Display
and 1000’ Below
Aircraft Altitude)
feet or 10 meters, depending on unit configura- Range
tion. The ‘G’ to right of the MSL altitude display
reminds the pilot that altitude is GPS-derived.
Current Page Group Number of Pages in Position of Current
• Aircraft ground track Current Page Group Page within Current
Page Group
• Terrain Range - Indicates the terrain elevation in
colors relative to the aircraft altitude Figure 2-27 TERRAIN Page
• Range marking rings - (1 nm, 2 nm, 5 nm, 10 nm,

25 nm, 50 nm, and 100 nm)
• Heading Indicator - The heading indication on the
TERRAIN Page always displays ‘TRK’ for Track-
up, unless there is no valid heading
• Obstacles
• Potential Impact Points
NOTE: See Section 10 for a full description of

TERRAIN functions.

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
Displaying a 120˚ view: Seven display ranges are available, allowing for a
1) Select the TERRAIN Page and press the MENU more complete view of the surrounding area.
Key. Changing the display range:
2) Select ‘View 120˚?’ (Figure 2-28). Select the TERRAIN Page and press up or down
on the RNG Key to select the desired range:
1 nm, 2 nm, 5 nm, 10 nm, 25 nm, 50 nm,
100 nm (Figure 2-29).
Figure 2-28 TERRAIN Page Menu
3) Press the ENT Key. To switch back to a 360˚

view, repeat step 1, select ‘View 360˚?, and
press the ENT Key.
NOTE: The TERRAIN Page gives a ‘Track Up’

display orientation, as indicated by the ‘TRK’
label shown on the display. This is the only
orientation available on this page.
Display Range Field
Figure 2-29 TERRAIN Display Range
Aviation information such as airports, VORs, and other

NAVAIDs can be turned on or off from the TERRAIN
Page.
Showing or hiding aviation data:
1) Select the TERRAIN Page and press the MENU
Key.
2) Select ‘Show (or Hide) Aviation Data’ (Figure
2-30) and press the ENT Key. Pressing the CLR
Key when the TERRAIN Page is displayed can
also be used to toggle aviation information on
or off.

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
Inhibit Mode TERRAIN Symbols

TERRAIN has an inhibit mode that deactivates the FLTA/ NOTE: See Section 10.2 for a complete
PDA aural and visual alerts. Pilots should use discretion description of TERRAIN symbology.
when inhibiting TERRAIN and always remember to enable
the system when appropriate. For more information, see The following symbols (Figure 2-33) are used to
Section 10.3, TERRAIN alerts. represent obstacles and potential impact points on the
Inhibiting TERRAIN: TERRAIN Page.
1) Select the TERRAIN Page and press the MENU • Red Symbol - Terrain/Obstacle is above or within
Key. ‘Inhibit Terrain?’ is selected by default 100 feet below the aircraft altitude
(Figure 2-31). • Yellow Symbol - Terrain/Obstacle is between 100
feet and 1000 feet below the aircraft altitude
• Black Symbol - Terrain/Obstacle is more than
1000 feet below the aircraft altitude
Figure 2-31 TERRAIN Page Menu NOTE: Obstacle symbols are shown on display
zoom ranges up to 10 nm.
2) Press the ENT Key. The ‘TER INHB’ annunciation
is displayed in the annunciator field when
TERRAIN is inhibited (Figure 2-32).
Unlighted Lighted Unlighted
Annunciator Field Obstacles Obstacles Obstacles
<1000 feet AGL <1000 feet AGL >1000 feet AGL
Figure 2-32 TERRAIN Annunciator Field
Enabling TERRAIN: Lighted Potential

Obstacles Impact Points
1) Select the TERRAIN Page and press the MENU >1000 feet AGL
Key. ‘Enable Terrain?’ is selected by default.
2) Press the ENT Key. The TERRAIN system is Figure 2-33 TERRAIN Symbols
functional again.
NOTE: If an obstacle and the projected flight path
of the aircraft intersect, the display automatically
zooms in to the closest potential point of impact
on the TERRAIN Page.

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
2.6 TAWS Page • 120˚ View - View of terrain ahead of and 60˚ to
either side of the aircraft flight path
NOTE: GPS 500 units may* display either a
TERRAIN Page or a TAWS Page, (but not both) Red Terrain (Warning
- Terrain Above or Within GPS-derived
depending upon the installed hardware and 100’ Below Aircraft Altitude) MSL Altitude
configuration.
TAWS Page Black Terrain
* Some earlier units are not equipped to support the Indication (No Danger
TERRAIN and/or TAWS functionality, so therefore will not - Terrain More
than 1000’ below
have a TERRAIN or TAWS page available. Aircraft Altitude)
TAWS Page Yellow Terrain
(Caution - Terrain
To display the TAWS Page, select the NAV Page Group Between 100’
and turn the small right knob until the TAWS Page is and 1000’ Below
Display Aircraft Altitude)
displayed (Figure 2-34). The TAWS Page displays: Range
• GPS-derived MSL altitude in increments of 20
feet or 10 meters, depending on unit configura-
Current Page Group Number of Pages in Position of Current
tion. The ‘G’ to right of the MSL altitude display Current Page Group Page within Current
reminds the pilot that altitude is GPS-derived. Page Group
Figure 2-34 TAWS Page
• Aircraft ground track
• Terrain Range - Indicates the terrain elevation in Displaying a 120˚ view:
colors relative to the aircraft altitude 1) Select the TAWS Page and press the MENU
• Range marking rings - (1 nm, 2 nm, 5 nm, 10 nm, Key.
25 nm, 50 nm, and 100 nm) 2) Select ‘View 120˚?’ (Figure 2-35).
• Heading Indicator - The heading indication on the
TAWS Page always displays ‘TRK’ for Track-up,
unless there is no valid heading
• Obstacles
• Potential Impact Points Figure 2-35 TAWS Page Menu
NOTE: See Section 11 for a full description of 3) Press the ENT Key. To switch back to a 360˚
TAWS functions. view, repeat step 1, select ‘View 360˚?, and
press the ENT Key.
Selectable Display Settings
NOTE: The TAWS Page gives a ‘Track Up’ display
The TAWS Page has two selectable view settings: orientation, as indicated by the ‘TRK’ label
• 360˚ View - View from above aircraft depicting shown on the display. This is the only orientation
surrounding terrain on all sides (Figure 2-34) available on this page.

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
Seven display ranges are available, allowing for a Inhibit Mode

more complete view of the surrounding area. TAWS also has an inhibit mode that deactivates the
Changing the display range: FLTA/PDA aural and visual alerts. Pilots should use
Select the TAWS Page and press up or down discretion when inhibiting TAWS and always remember
on the RNG Key to select the desired range: to enable the system when appropriate. Only the FLTA
1 nm, 2 nm, 5 nm, 10 nm, 25 nm, 50 nm, and PDA alert types are disabled in the inhibit mode. For
100 nm (Figure 2-36). more information, see the section on TAWS alerts. See
Section 11.3 for more information on TAWS alerts.
Inhibiting TAWS:
1) Select the TAWS Page and press the MENU Key.
‘Inhibit Terrain?’ is selected by default (Figure
2-38).
Display Range Field Figure 2-38 TAWS Page Menu

Figure 2-36 TAWS Display Range
Aviation information such as airports, VORs, and other
is displayed in the TAWS annunciator field
NAVAIDs can be turned on or off from the TAWS Page.
when TAWS is inhibited (Figure 2-39).
Showing or hiding aviation data:
Annunciator Field
1) Select the TAWS Page and press the MENU
Key.
2) Select ‘Show (or Hide) Aviation Data’ (Figure
2-37) and press the ENT Key. Pressing the CLR
Figure 2-39 TAWS Annunciator Field
Key when the TAWS Page is displayed can also
be used to toggle aviation information on or
Enabling TAWS:
off.
2) Press the ENT Key. The TAWS system is
functional again.
Figure 2-37 TAWS Page Menu

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
TAWS Manual Test TAWS Symbols

Garmin TAWS provides a manual test capability which NOTE: See Section 11.2 for a complete
verifies the proper operation of the aural and visual description of TAWS symbology.
annunciations of the system prior to a flight.
Manually testing the TAWS system: The following symbols (Figure 2-41) are used to
represent obstacles and potential impact points on the
TAWS Page.
Key.
• Red Symbol - Terrain/Obstacle is above or within
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the ‘Test
Terrain?’ option (Figure 2-40).
• Yellow Symbol - Terrain/Obstacle is between 100
feet and 1000 feet below the aircraft altitude
• Black Symbol - Terrain/Obstacle is more than
Figure 2-40 TAWS Page Menu NOTE: Obstacle symbols are shown on display
zoom ranges up to 10 nm.
3) Press the ENT Key to confirm the selection.
‘TER TEST’ is annunciated in yellow on the TAWS Page.
One of the following aural messages is played giving the
Unlighted Lighted Unlighted
test results: Obstacles Obstacles
Obstacles
• “TAWS System Test, OK”, if the system passes the <1000 feet AGL <1000 feet AGL >1000 feet AGL
test.
• “TAWS System Failure” if the system fails the test.
NOTE: TAWS system testing is disabled when

ground speed exceeds 30 kts, so as not to impede Lighted Potential
TAWS alerting. Obstacles Impact Points
>1000 feet AGL
Figure 2-41 TAWS Symbols
NOTE: If an obstacle and the projected flight path

on the TAWS Page.

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
2.7 NAV/COM Page Selecting a frequency list for a departure,

enroute or arrival airport:
The NAV/COM (navigation communications) Page
(Figure 2-42) provides a list of the airport communication 1) Press the small right knob to activate the
and navigation frequencies at the departure, enroute, and cursor.
arrival airports. The NAV/COM Page makes display of 2) Turn the large right knob to place the cursor
the frequencies needed along the flight plan quick and on the airport identifier field (top line on the
convenient. If there is no active flight plan with a departure NAV/COM Page, see Figure 2-42).
airport, the NAV/COM Page displays the frequencies for 3) Turn the small right knob to select the desired
the airport nearest the departure position. airport (Figure 2-43) and press the ENT Key.
Departure, Enroute, Assigned Frequency and
or Arrival Airport Usage Information
(when applicable)
Frequency
Type
Figure 2-43 Airport Window
Position of
Current Page
within Current
Page Group
Current Number of Pages in
Page Group Current Page Group
NOTE: The NAV/COM Page may be the fourth or

fifth page in the NAV Page Group when the GPS
500 installation includes connection to traffic
and/or weather information sources. See the
400/500 Series Display Interfaces Pilot’s Guide
Document (190-00140-10) or Section 12 of this
manual for more information

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
Scrolling through the list of frequencies: If a listed frequency has sector or altitude restrictions,
1) Activate the cursor, if not already active, by the frequency is preceded by an ‘Info?’ designation.
pressing the small right knob. Viewing usage restrictions for a frequency:
2) Turn the large right knob to move the cursor 1) Turn the large right knob to place the cursor
through the list of frequencies. If there are on the ‘Info?’ designation directly in front of
more frequencies in the list that can be the desired frequency (Figure 2-45).
displayed on the screen, a scroll bar along the
right-hand side of the screen (Figure 2-44)
indicates which part of the list is currently being
displayed.
Scroll Bar
Figure 2-45 ‘Info’ Highlighted
Figure 2-44 Scroll Bar 2) Press the ENT Key to display the restriction
information (Figure 2-46).
Some listed frequencies may include designations for
limited usage, as follows:
• ‘TX’ - Transmit only
• ‘RX’ - Receive only
• ‘PT’ - Part time frequency
Figure 2-46 Restriction Information Page
3) To return to the NAV/COM Page, press the ENT

Key.

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
2.8 Satellite Status Page 1 2 3
The Satellite Status Page (the sixth NAV page) provides

a visual reference of GPS receiver functions, including
current satellite coverage, GPS receiver status, and position
accuracy. The Satellite Status Page (Figure 2-47) is helpful 7
4
in troubleshooting weak (or missing) signal levels due to
8
poor satellite coverage or installation problems. 5
As the GPS receiver locks onto satellites, a signal 9
strength bar appears for each satellite in view, with the

6
appropriate satellite number (01-32) underneath each
bar. The status of satellite reception is shown as follows: 10 11 12 13 14
• No signal strength bars - The receiver is looking Figure 2-47 Satellite Status Page
for the satellites indicated.
• Hollow signal strength bars - The receiver has 1 Sky View
found the satellite(s) and is collecting data. 2 GPS Receiver Status
• Solid signal strength bars - The receiver has 3 Estimated Position Error (EPE), Dilution of Precision
collected the necessary data and the satellite(s) is (DOP), and Horizontal Uncertainty Level (HUL)
ready for use. 4 Signal Strength Bars
• Checkered signal strength bars - Excluded 5 Satellite ID Numbers
satellites.
6 INTEG Annunciator (flagged when position not valid)
The sky view display (at top left corner of the page)
shows which satellites are currently in view, and where 7 Hollow Signal Strength Bar
they are. The outer circle of the sky view represents the 8 Excluded Satellite
horizon (with north at top of the page); the inner circle
45° above the horizon; and the center point directly over- 9 Current Time
head. 10 Present Position
Each satellite has a 30-second data transmission that
11 Current Page Group
must be collected (hollow signal strength bar) before the
satellite may be used for navigation (solid signal strength 12 Number of Pages in Current Page Group
bar). Once the GPS receiver has determined the present 13 Position of Current Page within Current Page Group
position, the GPS 500 indicates position, track, and
14 GPS-calculated Altitude
ground speed on the other navigation pages. The GPS
receiver status field also displays the messages listed in
Table 2-4 under the appropriate conditions:

SECTION 2
NAV PAGES
The Satellite Status Page also indicates the accuracy of the position fix, using Estimated Position Error (EPE), Dilution
of Precision (DOP), and Horizontal Uncertainty Level (HUL) figures. DOP measures satellite geometry quality (i.e.,
number of satellites received and where they are relative to each other) on a scale from one to ten. The lowest numbers
are the best accuracy and the highest numbers are the worst. EPE uses DOP and other factors to calculate a horizontal
position error, in feet or meters. HUL is explained in Section 13.
GPS Receiver Status Messages

Searching Sky The GPS receiver is searching the sky for ANY visible satellites. The
pilot is informed of this status with a ‘Searching the Sky’ message.
Acquiring Sat The GPS receiver is acquiring satellites for navigation. In this mode,
the receiver uses satellite orbital data (collected continuously from
the satellites) and last known position to determine which satellites
should be in view.
2D Navigation The GPS receiver is in 2D navigation mode. Altitude data is provided
by an altitude serializer.
3D Navigation The GPS receiver is in 3D navigation mode and computes altitude
using satellite data.
Poor Coverg The GPS receiver cannot acquire sufficient satellites for navigation.
Rcvr Not Usbl The GPS receiver is unusable due to incorrect initialization or
abnormal satellite conditions. Turn the unit off and on again.
AutoLocate The GPS receiver is looking for any available satellite. This process
can take up to five minutes to determine a position.
Table 2-4 GPS Receiver Status Messages

SECTION 3
DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION
SECTION 3: DIRECT-TO
NAVIGATION
3.1 Overview
The GPS 500’s direct-to function provides a quick
method of setting a course to a destination waypoint. Once
a direct-to is activated, the GPS 500 establishes a point-to-
point course line (great circle) from the present position to Figure 3-2 Waypoint Identifier Field Selected
the selected direct-to destination. Navigation data on the
various NAV pages provides steering guidance until the 3) Press the ENT Key to confirm the selected
direct-to is cancelled or replaced by a new destination. waypoint, and press the ENT Key again to
activate the direct-to function (Figure 3-3).
Selecting a direct-to destination:
1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Select Direct-to
Waypoint Page appears (Figure 3-1), with the
waypoint identifier field highlighted.
Figure 3-3 ‘Activate?’ Field Highlighted
When off course while navigating to a waypoint, the

direct-to function may also be used to re-center the CDI
(HSI) needle and proceed to the same waypoint.
Figure 3-1 Select Direct-to Waypoint Page
Re-centering the CDI (HSI) needle to the
2) Use the small and large right knobs to same destination waypoint:
enter the identifier of the desired destination Press the Direct-to Key, followed by the ENT
waypoint (Figure 3-2). Key twice.
NOTE: When navigating an approach with the

missed approach point (MAP) as the current
destination, re-centering the CDI (HSI) needle
with the Direct-to Key cancels the approach.

SECTION 3
Selecting a Destination by Facility Name or

City
In addition to selecting a destination by identifier, the
Select Direct-to Waypoint Page (Figure 3-4) also allows the
pilot to select airports, VORs and NDBs by facility name
or city location. If duplicate entries exist for the entered
facility name or city, additional entries may be viewed
by continuing to turn the small right knob during the
selection process. See Section 6.1, Duplicate Waypoints
Figure 3-5 Facility Name Highlighted
for more information.
3) Use the small and large right knobs to enter
Identifier, Symbol, the facility name or city location of the desired
and Region destination waypoint (Figure 3-6). When
Facility Name
and City spelling the facility name or city, the GPS 500’s
Flight Plan Nearest Airport Spell’N’Find™ feature selects the first entry
Field Field in the database based upon the characters
entered up to that point.
Figure 3-4 Select Direct-to Waypoint Page
Selecting a direct-to destination by facility

name or city:
1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Select Direct-to
Waypoint Page appears, with the waypoint
identifier field highlighted.
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the Figure 3-6 Facility Name Selected
facility name (second line) or the city (third
line) field (Figure 3-5). 4) Continue turning the small right knob to scroll
through any additional database listings for the
selected facility name or city. The pilot can also
scroll backwards with the small right knob if
the desired waypoint has been scrolled past .
5) Press the ENT Key to confirm the selected
waypoint, and press the ENT Key again to
activate the direct-to function.

SECTION 3
Selecting a Destination from the Active Flight

Plan
When navigating an active flight plan, any waypoint
contained in the flight plan may be selected as a direct-to
destination from the Select Direct-to Waypoint Page. See
Section 4, for more information on flight plans.
Selecting a direct-to destination from the
active flight plan:
1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Select Direct-to Figure 3-8 FPL (Flight Plan) Window
Waypoint Page appears, with the waypoint
4) Continue turning the small right knob to
identifier field highlighted.
scroll through the list and highlight the desired
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the flight waypoint.
plan (FPL) field (Figure 3-7).
waypoint, and press the ENT Key again to
activate the direct-to function.
Figure 3-7 Highlighted Flight Plan Field
3) Turn the small right knob to display a window

showing all waypoints in the active flight plan
(Figure 3-8).

SECTION 3
Selecting the Nearest Airport as a Direct-to Shortcuts

Destination Shortcuts are available when using the Direct-to Key,
The Select Direct-to Waypoint Page always displays the allowing the pilot to bypass the use of the small and large
nearest airports (from the present position) in the NRST right knobs to enter the destination waypoint’s identifier.
field. Navigating directly to a nearby airport is always just A direct-to can be performed from any page displaying
a few simple steps away. (Nearby airports may also be a single waypoint identifier (such as the WPT pages for
selected as direct-to destinations using the steps described airports and NAVAIDS). For pages that display a list of
in Section 7.1.) waypoints (e.g., the Nearest Airport Page), the desired
waypoint must be highlighted with the cursor before
Selecting a nearby airport as a direct-to
pressing the Direct-to Key.
destination:
1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Select Direct-to Selecting an on-screen waypoint as a
Waypoint Page appears, with the waypoint direct-to destination:
identifier field highlighted. 1) If a single airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint is
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the displayed on-screen (Figure 3-10):
nearest airport (NRST) field.
showing up to nine nearby airports (Figure 3-9).
Figure 3-10 Single Waypoint Displayed
a) Press the Direct-to Key

Figure 3-9 Nearest Window
b) Press the ENT Key twice.
4) Continue turning the small right knob to
scroll through the list and highlight the desired
airport.
airport, and press the ENT Key again to activate
the direct-to function.

SECTION 3
2) If a list of waypoints is displayed on-screen: Selecting a Direct-to destination from the Map
a) Press the small right knob to activate the Page
cursor. Direct-to destinations may also be selected from the
b) Turn the large right knob to highlight the Map Page. If no airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint
desired waypoint (Figure 3-11). exists at the desired location, a waypoint named ‘+MAP’
is automatically created at the location of the panning
pointer.
Selecting a direct-to destination from the
Map Page:
1) From the Map Page, press the small right knob
to display a panning pointer.
2) Turn the small and large right knobs to place
the panning pointer at the desired destination
location.
Figure 3-11 Nearest List 3) If the panning pointer is placed on an existing
airport, NAVAID or user waypoint, the waypoint
c) Press the Direct-to Key followed by the name is highlighted (Figure 3-12). Press the
ENT Key twice. Direct-to Key and the ENT Key twice to
navigate to the waypoint.
Figure 3-12 Panning Pointer Placed on Waypoint
4) If the panning pointer is placed on an open

location, press the Direct-to Key, then
press the ENT Key twice to create a ‘+MAP’
waypoint and navigate to it.

SECTION 3
Cancelling Direct-to Navigation 3) Press the ENT Key to confirm the selected
waypoint, then turn the large right knob
Once a direct-to is activated, the GPS 500 provides
to highlight the course (‘CRS’) field (Figure
navigation guidance to the selected destination until the
3-14).
direct-to is replaced with a new direct-to or flight plan,
cancelled, or the unit is turned off.
Cancelling a direct-to:
1) Press the Direct-to Key to display the Select
Direct-to Waypoint Page.
2) Press the MENU Key to display the Direct-to
Page Menu (Figure 3-13).
Figure 3-14 CRS (Course) Field Highlighted
4) Turn the small and large right knobs to select

the desired course (Figure 3-15) and press the
ENT Key.
Figure 3-13 Select Direct-to Page Menu
3) With ‘Cancel Direct-to NAV?’ highlighted, press

the ENT Key. If a flight plan is still active, the
GPS 500 resumes navigating the flight plan
along the closest leg.
Specifying a Course to a Waypoint
Figure 3-15 Course Field Selected
When performing a direct-to, the GPS 500 sets a direct
great circle course to the selected destination. The course 5) Press the ENT Key again to begin navigation
to the destination can also be manually defined using the using the selected destination and course.
‘CRS’ course field on the Select Direct-to Waypoint Page.
6) To re-select a direct course from present
Manually defining the direct-to course: position (or select a new manually-defined
1) Press the Direct-to Key. course), simply press the Direct-to Key,
2) Use the small and large right knobs to select followed by the ENT Key twice.
the destination waypoint.

SECTION 4
FLIGHT PLANS
SECTION 4: FLIGHT PLANS 4.1 Flight Plan Catalog Page

The Flight Plan Catalog Page allows the pilot to create,
The GPS 500 lets the pilot create up to 20 different
edit, activate, delete, and copy flight plans. Flight plans
flight plans, with up to 31 waypoints in each flight plan.
numbered from 1 through 19 are used to save flight plans
The Flight Plan Page Group consists of two pages (Active
for future use. ‘Flight plan 00’ is reserved exclusively
Flight Plan Page and Flight Plan Catalog Page; Figures 4-1
for the flight plan currently in use for navigation. When
and 4-2), accessed by pressing the FPL Key. The flight
a flight plan is activated, a copy of the flight plan is
plan pages allow the pilot to create, edit, and copy flight
automatically transferred to ‘flight plan 00’ and overwrites
plans.
any previously active flight plan.
Creating a new flight plan:
1) Press the FPL Key and turn the small right
knob to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page
(Figure 4-2).
Catalog Page Menu (Figure 4-3).
Indicates Current Page

Figure 4-1 Active Flight Plan Page
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Create

New Flight Plan?’ and press the ENT Key.
Indicates Current Page

Figure 4-2 Flight Plan Catalog Page

SECTION 4
FLIGHT PLANS
4) A blank Flight Plan Page appears for the first

empty storage location. Use the small and
large right knobs to enter the identifier of the
departure waypoint and press the ENT Key.
5) Repeat step 4 to enter the identifier for each
additional flight plan waypoint (Figure 4-4).
Figure 4-5 Flight Plan Page

the identifier of the new waypoint (Figure 4-6)
Figure 4-4 Flight Plan Page
6) Once all waypoints have been entered, press

the small right knob to return to the Flight
Plan Catalog Page.
Figure 4-6 Waypoint Identifier Field Selected
Flight Plan Editing
Adding a waypoint to an existing flight 6) Once all changes have been made, press the
plan: small right knob to return to the Flight Plan
Catalog Page (Figure 4-7).
1) Press the FPL Key and turn the small right
knob to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page.
cursor.
desired flight plan and press the ENT Key.
4) Turn the large right knob to select the point to
add the new waypoint. If an existing waypoint
is highlighted, the new waypoint is placed
directly in front of this waypoint (Figure 4-5).
Figure 4-7 Edited Flight Plan Page

SECTION 4
FLIGHT PLANS
Deleting a waypoint from an existing flight A one-line user comment may be added to any flight
plan: plan, which is displayed on the Flight Plan Catalog Page,
1) Press the FPL Key and turn the small right next to the flight plan’s number. By default, as the flight
knob to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page. plan is being created, the comment shows the first and last
waypoints in the flight plan.
cursor. Changing the comment line for an existing
flight plan:
desired flight plan and press the ENT Key. 1) From the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the
small right knob to activate the cursor.
4) Turn the large right knob to select the
waypoint to be deleted and press the CLR Key 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the
to display a ‘remove waypoint’ confirmation desired flight plan and press the ENT Key.
window (Figure 4-8). 3) Turn the large right knob to select the
comment line at the top of the screen.
the new comment (Figure 4-9). Press the ENT
Key when finished.
Figure 4-8 Remove Waypoint Window
5) With ‘Yes’ highlighted, press the ENT Key to

remove the waypoint.
6) Once all changes have been made, press the Figure 4-9 Comment Line Selected
small right knob to return to the Flight Plan
Catalog Page. 5) Once all changes have been made, press the
small right knob to return to the Flight Plan
Catalog Page.

SECTION 4
FLIGHT PLANS
Activating Flight Plans Inverting Flight Plans

Once a flight plan is defined through the Flight Plan After travelling along a flight plan, the pilot may wish
Catalog Page (using the steps outlined previously in this to reverse the route for navigation guidance back to the
section), it may be activated for navigation. Activating the original departure point.
flight plan places it into ‘flight plan 00’ and overwrites any Activating an existing flight plan in reverse
previous information at that location. order:
Activating an existing flight plan: 1) From the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the
1) From the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the small right knob to activate the cursor.
small right knob to activate the cursor. 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired flight plan and press the MENU Key to
desired flight plan and press the MENU Key to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu.
display the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu. 3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Invert &
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Activate Activate FPL?’ (Figure 4-11) and press the ENT
Flight Plan?’ and press the ENT Key (Figure Key. The original flight plan remains intact in
4-10). its flight plan catalog storage location.


SECTION 4
FLIGHT PLANS
Copying Flight Plans Deleting Flight Plans

To save a flight plan currently located in ‘flight plan When finished with a flight plan, it can easily be
00’, copy it to an open catalog location (1-19) before the deleted from the Flight Plan Catalog Page or the Active
flight plan is cancelled, overwritten, or erased. Flight Plan Page.
Copying a flight plan to another flight plan Deleting a flight plan:
catalog location: 1) From the Active Flight Plan Page, press the
1) From the Active Flight Plan Page, press the MENU Key to display the Active Flight Plan
MENU Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page Menu.
Page Menu. 2) From the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the
2) From the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the small right knob to activate the cursor, turn
small right knob to activate the cursor, turn the the large right knob to highlight the flight plan
large right knob to highlight the flight plan to to be deleted, then press the MENU Key to
be copied, then press the MENU Key to display display the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu.
the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu. 3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Delete
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Copy Flight Plan?’ (Figure 4-13) and press the ENT
Flight Plan?’ (Figure 4-12) and press the ENT Key.
Key.
4) With ‘Yes?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key to

delete the flight plan.
Figure 4-12 Active Flight Plan Page Menu
4) By default, the next empty catalog location is

offered. To select a different location, turn the
large right knob to select the flight plan number,
use the small and large right knobs to enter a
different number and press the ENT Key.
copy the flight plan.

SECTION 4
FLIGHT PLANS
Flight Plan Catalog Options 4) If ‘Manual’ is selected: Turn the large right
knob to select the ‘Transfer’ field, then turn
The following options (some covered on the preceding
the small right knob to select the type of
pages) are available for the Flight Plan Catalog Page:
information to transfer between units (active
• ‘Activate Flight Plan?’ - Allows the pilot to flight plan, flight plan, all user waypoints or
select the flight plan for navigation guidance, as a single user waypoint). When ‘Flight Plan’
described previously in this section. or ‘User Waypoint’ is selected, a second field
• ‘Invert & Activate FPL?’ - Allows the pilot to appears to the immediate right of the ‘Transfer’
reverse the highlighted flight plan and select it for field. Use the small and large right knobs to
navigation guidance, as described previously in enter the number of the flight plan or the name
this section. of the user waypoint to be transferred.
• ‘Create New Flight Plan?’ - Allows the pilot to 5) The ‘Cross-Side’ field allows the pilot to
create a new flight plan, as described previously in designate the sending and receiving units
this section. in a crossfill operation. Turn the large right
knob to select the ‘Cross-side’ field, then turn
• ‘Crossfill?’ - Allows the pilot to transfer a Direct-to
the small right knob to select ‘To’ or ‘From’
destination, the active flight plan, any stored flight
(Figure 4-14). Press the ENT Key to confirm
plan or user waypoints to a second 400-Series or
the selection.
500-Series Garmin unit. Some crossfill operations
can be done automatically. If both units are set 6) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Initiate
to ‘auto’, a change in the direct-to destination or Transfer?’ (Figure 4-14) and press the ENT
active flight plan on one unit is seen on the other. Key. Once ‘Initiate Transfer?’ is selected,
For additional information, see Section 8.2, Flight a progress bar at the bottom of the page
Planning Page: Crossfill. indicates the status of the crossfill transfer until
completed.
Crossfilling flight plans between two 400-
or 500-Series Garmin units:
1) Select the ‘Crossfill?’ option from the Flight
Plan Catalog Page Menu (Figure 4-12) and
press the ENT Key.
2) Turn the large right knob to select the
‘Method’ field (Figure 4-13).
3) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Auto’
or ‘Manual’ and press the ENT Key. ‘Auto’
automatically transfers the active flight plan
or Direct-to selection to another 400- or 500- Figure 4-14 Crossfill Page
series Garmin unit, without user intervention.

SECTION 4
FLIGHT PLANS
• ‘Copy Flight Plan?’ - Allows the pilot to copy the • ‘Sort List By Number?’/’Sort List by Comment?’
selected flight plan to a new flight plan location, - Allows the pilot to select between a flight plan
as described previously in this section. The copy catalog sorted numerically by the flight plan
function is useful for duplicating an existing flight number or sorted alphanumerically based upon
plan before making changes. the comment assigned to each flight plan. When
• ‘Delete Flight Plan?’ - Allows the pilot to remove either option is selected, the other option appears
the selected flight plan from memory, as described on the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu.
previously in this section. Deleting a flight Sorting the catalog listing by number or
plan does not delete the individual waypoints comment:
contained in the flight plan from the database or 1) Select the ‘Sort List By Number?’ or ‘Sort List
user waypoint memory. By Comment?’ option (whichever is currently
• ‘Delete All Flight Plans?’ - Allows the pilot to displayed) from the Flight Plan Catalog Page
remove all flight plans from memory. Menu (Figure 4-17) and press the ENT Key.
Deleting all flight plans:
1) Select the ‘Delete All Flight Plans?’ option from
the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu (Figure
4-15) and press the ENT Key.
2) A confirmation window appears (Figure 4-16).

With ‘Yes?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key.
Figure 4-16 Delete All Flight Plans Window

SECTION 4
FLIGHT PLANS
4.2 Active Flight Plan Page

The Active Flight Plan Page provides information
and editing functions for ‘flight plan 00’, the flight plan
currently in use for navigation. When a direct-to or flight
plan has been activated, the Active Flight Plan Page shows
each waypoint for the flight plan (or a single waypoint
for a direct-to, Figure 4-18), along with the desired track
(DTK) and distance (DIS) for each leg.
Active Flight Plan Options

The options shown in Table 4-1 are available for the
Active Flight Plan Page.
Accessing the Active Flight Plan Menu Page:
1) Press the FPL Key to view the Active Flight Plan
Page.
2) Press the MENU Key (Figure 4-19).

SECTION 4
FLIGHT PLANS
Active Flight Plan Page Menu Options

Activates/reactivates the flight plan and selects the highlighted leg as the ‘active leg’ (the leg
Activate Leg
which is currently used for navigation guidance).
Allows the pilot to transfer the active flight plan between two 400- or 500-series Garmin units
Crossfill in a dual unit installation. See Section 8.2, Flight Planning: Crossfill for additional information
on this feature.
Copies the active flight plan to a flight plan catalog location, as described previously in this
Copy Flight Plan
section. The copy function is useful for duplicating the active flight plan before making changes.
Reverses the active flight plan. See Section 4.1, Activating Flight Plans and Inverting Flight
Invert Flight Plan
Plans.
Allows the pilot to remove all waypoints from the selected flight plan, as described previously
Delete Flight Plan in this section. Deleting a flight plan does not delete the waypoints contained in the flight plan
from the database or user waypoint memory.
Allows the pilot to select a published instrument approach for the destination airport, or replace
Select Approach the current approach with a new selection. (In many cases, it is convenient to select approaches
using the PROC Key as described in Section 5.1.)
Allows the pilot to select a published standard terminal arrival route (STAR) for the destination
Select Arrival airport or replace the current arrival with a new selection (Section 5.1 for information on
selecting arrivals using the PROC Key).
Allows the pilot to select a published standard instrument departure (SID) for the departure
airport or replace the current departure with a new selection. When using a direct-to, the GPS
Select Departure
500 uses the nearest airport as a reference when displaying available departures. See Section
5.1 for information on selecting departures using the PROC Key.
Remove Approach Deletes the currently selected approach from the active flight plan.
Remove Arrival Deletes the current STAR from the active flight plan.
Remove Departure Deletes the current SID from the active flight plan.
Calculates the bearing and closest distance that a flight plan passes from a reference waypoint.
Closest Point of FPL May also be used to create a new user waypoint along the flight plan at the location closest to
the reference waypoint.
Allows the pilot to select the desired data items to display on the Active Flight Plan Page, as
Change Fields
described in this Section.
Restore Defaults Returns the data items to factory defaults, as described in this Section.
Table 4-1 Active Flight Plan Page Menu Options

SECTION 4
FLIGHT PLANS
The data fields for DTK and DIS are user-selectable and Restoring factory default settings for data
may be changed to display cumulative distance (CUM) to fields on the Active Flight Plan Page:
each waypoint, estimated time of arrival (ETA), estimated 1) With the Active Flight Plan Page displayed,
time enroute (ETE), or enroute safe altitude (ESA). press the MENU Key to display the Active Flight
Changing a data field on the Active Flight Plan Page Menu.
Plan Page: 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Restore
1) With the Active Flight Plan Page displayed, Defaults?’ and press the ENT Key.
press the MENU Key to display the Active Flight Activating a flight plan along a specific leg:
Plan Page Menu.
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Change cursor and turn the large right knob to
Fields?’ (Figure 4-20) and press the ENT Key. highlight the desired destination waypoint.
2) Press the MENU Key, and select the ‘Activate
Leg?’ option from the Active Flight Plan Page
Menu (Figure 4-22) and press the ENT Key.
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the field

to be changed.
data item (Figure 4-21) and press the ENT
3) A confirmation window appears. With
Key.
‘Activate?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key.
Figure 4-21 Select Field Type Window

cursor.

SECTION 4
FLIGHT PLANS
Selecting an approach for a direct-to or

flight plan destination airport:
1) Choose the ‘Select Approach?’ option from the
Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 4-23) and Figure 4-25 Transitions Window
press the ENT Key.
4) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Load?’
or ‘Activate?’ and press the ENT Key. ‘Load?’
adds the approach to the flight plan without
immediately using the approach for navigation
guidance. This allows the pilot to continue
navigating the original flight plan until cleared
for the approach but keeps the approach
available for quick activation when needed.
5) For precision approaches, a reminder window
appears indicating that GPS guidance on such
Figure 4-23 Active Flight Plan Page Menu approaches is strictly for monitoring only. To
confirm this reminder, highlight ‘Yes?’ and
2) A window appears listing the available press the ENT Key.
approaches (Figure 4-24) for the destination
airport. Turn the small right knob to highlight
the desired approach and press the ENT Key.
3) A second window appears listing available

transitions (Figure 4-25) for the approach. Turn
the small right knob to highlight the desired
transition waypoint and press the ENT Key.
(The ‘Vectors’ option assumes the pilot will
receive vectors to the final course segment
of the approach and will provide navigation
guidance to intercept this final course.)

SECTION 4
FLIGHT PLANS
Selecting an arrival for a direct-to or flight

plan destination airport:
1) Select the ‘Select Arrival?’ option from the
Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 4-26)
Figure 4-28 Transitions Window
4) With ‘Load?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key.

Selecting a departure for the departure
airport:
1) Select the ‘Select Departure?’ option from the
Active Flight Plan Page Menu and press the
ENT Key.
2) A window appears listing the available
departures for the departure airport. Turn
Figure 4-26 Active Flight Plan Page Menu the small right knob to select the desired
departure and press the ENT Key.
2) A window appears listing the available arrivals 3) A second window appears listing available
(Figure 4-27) for the destination airport. Turn transitions for the departure. Turn the small
the small right knob to select the desired right knob to highlight the desired transition
arrival and press the ENT Key. waypoint and press the ENT Key.
4) With ‘Load?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key.
Figure 4-27 Arrivals Window
3) A second window appears listing available

transitions (Figure 4-28) for the arrival. Turn
transition waypoint and press the ENT Key.

SECTION 4
FLIGHT PLANS
Removing an approach, arrival, or

departure from the active flight plan:
1) Select the ‘Remove Approach?’, ‘Remove
Arrival?’, or ‘Remove Departure?’ option from
the Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 4-29)
2) A window appears with the reference waypoint

field highlighted. Use the small and large
right knobs to enter the identifier of the
reference waypoint and press the ENT Key.
3) A confirmation window appears for the
selected reference waypoint (Figure 4-31).
2) A confirmation window appears listing Press the ENT Key to accept the waypoint.
the procedure to be removed. With ‘Yes?’
highlighted, press the ENT Key.
Determining the closest point, along the
active flight plan, to a selected waypoint:
1) Select the ‘Closest Point of FPL?’ option from
the Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 4-30) Figure 4-31 Closest Point of Flight Plan Window
4) The GPS 500 displays the bearing (BRG) and
distance (DIST) to the closest point along the
flight plan, from the selected reference waypoint.
To create a user waypoint at this location and
add it to the flight plan, highlight ‘Load?’ and
press the ENT Key. The name for the new user
waypoint is derived from the identifier of the
reference waypoint.

SECTION 4
FLIGHT PLANS
Shortcuts
A number of shortcuts are available to save time when
using the Active Flight Plan Page. These shortcuts speed
the process of removing approaches, departures and
arrivals, and aid in selecting a specific flight plan leg for Figure 4-33 Remove Approach Window
navigation guidance.
On the preceding page, options to remove approaches,
remove the selected procedure.
departures, and arrivals were introduced. This process
may also be completed using the CLR Key, described as This same process may also be used to remove
follows. individual waypoints from the active flight plan.
Removing an approach, departure or arrival Removing a waypoint using the CLR Key:
using the CLR Key: 1) With the Active Flight Plan Page displayed,
1) With the Active Flight Plan Page displayed, press the small right knob to activate the
press the small right knob to activate the cursor.
cursor. 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the title identifier for the waypoint to be deleted.
for the approach (Figure 4-32), departure, or Identifiers appear in green text.
arrival to be deleted. Titles appear in light blue 3) Press the CLR Key to display a confirmation
directly above the procedure’s waypoints. window (Figure 4-34).
Figure 4-32 Highlight Item To Be Deleted Figure 4-34 Remove Waypoint Window
3) Press the CLR Key to display a confirmation 4) With ‘Yes?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key to
window (Figure 4-33). remove the selected procedure.

SECTION 4
FLIGHT PLANS
The ‘Activate Leg?’ option is discussed previously in When using instrument procedures, this feature can be
this section, which allows the pilot to specify which leg of used not only to activate a specific point-to-point leg, but
the flight plan is used for navigation guidance. A shortcut to also activate the procedure turn portion of an approach,
also exists for this operation, using the Direct-to Key. follow a DME arc, or activate a holding pattern.
Activating a specific leg of the active flight Any approach, departure, or arrival can be reviewed on
plan: the appropriate airport page in the Waypoint Page Group
(Section 6.1).
cursor and turn the large right knob to Reviewing a procedure while viewing a
highlight the desired destination waypoint. flight plan page:
2) Press the Direct-to Key twice to display an 1) With a flight plan page displayed, press the
‘Activate Leg’ confirmation window (Figure small right knob to activate the cursor.
4-35). 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the
procedure header (Figure 4-36).
Figure 4-35 Activate Leg Window

Figure 4-36 Procedure Header Highlighted
3) With ‘Activate?’ highlighted, press the ENT
Key. 3) Press the ENT Key to select the WPT Page
Group.

SECTION 4
FLIGHT PLANS
Blank Page

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
SECTION 5: PROCEDURES 3) A window appears listing the available

procedures (Figure 5-2). Turn the large right
knob to highlight the desired procedure
5.1 Approaches, Departures, and and press the ENT Key. (When a direct-to
Arrivals destination is selected, departures are offered
for the nearest airport.)
The GPS 500 allows the pilot to fly non-precision and
precision approaches to airports with published instrument
approach procedures. All available approaches are stored
on the Jeppesen NavData card, and are automatically
updated when the new card is inserted into the GPS 500.
Subscription information for NavData cards is included in Figure 5-2 Approach Window
the GPS 500 package.
The Procedures Page (Figure 5-1) is displayed by 4) A second window appears listing the available
pressing the PROC Key. The Procedures Page provides transitions (Figure 5-3). Turn the large right
direct access to approaches, departures, and arrivals, knob to highlight the desired transition waypoint
based on the active flight plan or direct-to destination. In and press the ENT Key. (The approach ‘Vectors’
either case, the departure and destination airports must option assumes the pilot will receive vectors
have published procedures associated with them. to the final course segment of the approach
Selecting an approach, departure, or and will provide navigation guidance relative
arrival: to the final approach course.)
1) Press the PROC Key to display the Procedures
Page.
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Select
Approach?’, ‘Select Departure?’ or ‘Select Figure 5-3 Transitions Window
Arrival?’ (Figure 5-1) and press the ENT Key.
Figure 5-1 Procedures Page

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
5) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Load?’ Once an approach is selected, it may be activated
or ‘Activate?’ (approaches only) and press the for navigation from the Procedures Page. Activating the
ENT Key. (‘Load?’ adds the procedure to the approach overrides the ‘enroute’ portion of the active
flight plan without immediately using it for flight plan, proceeding directly to the ‘approach’ portion
navigation guidance. This allows the pilot to (for a full approach, directly to the initial approach fix).
continue navigating the original flight plan, but Activating the approach also initiates automatic CDI
keeps the procedure available on the Active scaling transition as the approach progresses.
Flight Plan Page for quick activation when Activating an approach:
needed.)
1) Press the PROC Key to display the Procedures
6) For precision approaches and some non- Page (Figure 5-5).
precision approaches, a reminder window
appears indicating that GPS guidance on such 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Activate
approaches is strictly for monitoring only; use Approach?’ (Figure 5-5) and press the ENT
the external VLOC receivers and CDI (or HSI) for Key.
primary navigation. To confirm this reminder,
highlight ‘Yes?’ and press the ENT Key.
Not all approaches in the database are approved for
GPS use. When selecting an approach, a ‘GPS’ designation
to the right of the procedure name (Figure 5-4) indicates
the procedure can be flown using the GPS receiver. Some
procedures do not have this designation, meaning the
GPS receiver may be used for supplemental navigation
guidance only.
Figure 5-4 ‘GPS’ Designations

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
Another Procedures Page option allows the pilot to 5.2 Non-Precision Approach
activate the final course segment of the approach. This Operations
option assumes the pilot will receive vectors to the final
approach fix (FAF) and provides guidance to intercept the The GPS 500 provides non-precision approach guidance
final course, before reaching the FAF. using its built-in GPS receiver. The GPS receiver can also
be used as a supplemental aid for precision approaches
Activating the approach, with vectors to
(and for non-precision localizer-based approaches), but
final:
localizer and glideslope receivers must be used for primary
1) Press the PROC Key to display the Procedures approach course guidance.
Page. Approaches designed specifically for GPS are often
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Activate very simple and don’t require overflying a VOR or NDB.
Vector-To-Final?’ (Figure 5-6) and press the Many non-precision approaches have ‘GPS overlays’ to
ENT Key. let the pilot fly an existing procedure (VOR, VOR/DME,
NDB, RNAV, etc.) more accurately using GPS.
Many overlay approaches are complex (in comparison
to GPS-only approaches). The GPS 500 displays and
provides guidance through each leg of the approach,
automatically sequencing through each of these legs, up
to the missed approach point (MAP). Approaches may
be flown ‘as published’ with the full transition using any
published feeder route or initial approach fix (IAF), or
may be flown with a vectors-to-final transition.
NOTE: The following approach examples are

Figure 5-6 Procedures Page intended for instructional use only and are not
to be used for navigation.
3) A confirmation window will appear with ‘Yes?’
highlighted, press the ENT Key.
In many cases, it may be easiest to ‘Load’ the full
approach while still some distance away, enroute to the
destination airport. Later, if vectored to final, use the
steps above to select ‘Activate Vector-To-Final’—which
makes the inbound course to the FAF waypoint active.
Otherwise, activate the full approach using the ‘Activate
Approach?’ option.

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
Select Destination 4) ‘Activate’ the full approach or vectors-to-final,

as appropriate. In some scenarios, it may be
more convenient to immediately activate the
‘Select’ and ‘Load’ the
approach approach and skip the ‘Load’ process outlined
in the preceding step 3. The GPS 500 provides
both options.
Approaches with Procedure Turns
‘Activate’ the
approach The procedure turn portion of an approach is stored
as one of the legs of the approach. For this reason, the
GPS 500 requires no special operations from the pilot
(other than flying the procedure turn itself) beyond what
DO NOT USE FOR
NAVIGATION is required for any other type of approach.

Lynchburg (VA) Regional
VOR or GPS Rwy 03 

Figure 5-7 Sample Approach

4
Approach operations on the GPS 500 typically begin

with the same basic steps (refer to Figure 5-7 for the
following steps):
1) Select the destination airport using the Direct- DO NOT USE FOR
to Key, or as the last waypoint in the active NAVIGATION
flight plan.
2) Choose the ‘Select Approach?’ option from
the Procedures Page (Section 5.1) or from the
Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Section 4.2,
Active Flight Plan Options).
Figure 5-8 Sample Approach with Procedure Turn
3) ‘Load’ the approach (often while enroute) in
anticipation of its future use. This places the This example uses the VOR Runway 04 approach for
approach in the active flight plan, but retains Lynchburg (Virginia) Regional Airport, KLYH, and assumes
course guidance in the enroute section until a departure from Frederick (Maryland) Municipal Airport,
the approach is ‘activated’. KFDK.

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
The steps required to set up and fly the approach 4) From the Transitions Window (Figure 5-11),
are detailed below (refer to Figure 5-8 for the following select LYH VOR (the IAF). Also, select ‘Load?’
steps): to load, but not activate, the approach.
1) Prior to departing KFDK, the destination (KLYH)
is selected using the Direct-to Key or by
creating a flight plan terminating at Lynchburg
Regional.
2) While enroute to KLYH, view the ATIS frequency
Figure 5-11 Approach and Transitions Windows
from the list on the NAV/COM Page (Section
2.6 and Figure 5-9).
5) Press the PROC Key, select ‘Activate Approach?’
and press the ENT Key to activate the
approach.
3) Press the PROC Key (Figure 5-10) and select

the ‘VOR 04’ approach using the steps outlined
in Section 5.1.

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
Flying the Procedure Turn 2) Several miles prior to reaching the IAF (LYH),
the pilot may wish to review the approach
sequence. Press the FPL Key to display the
Active Flight Plan Page. Press the small right
knob, and then turn the large right knob to
 review each segment of the approach (Figure
5-14). When finished, press the FPL Key again
 to return to the previous page.
4


DO NOT USE FOR

NAVIGATION Figure 5-14 Active Flight Plan Page
Figure 5-12 Sample Approach with Procedure Turn 3) When approaching the IAF (LYH), a waypoint
alert (‘NEXT DTK 205°’) appears along the
Refer to Figure 5-12 for the following steps: bottom of the screen (Figure 5-15). As the
1) Within 30 nm of the destination airport, the distance (DIS) to the IAF approaches zero, the
GPS 500 switches from ‘enroute’ mode to alert is replaced by a turn advisory (‘TURN TO
‘terminal’ mode (as indicated in the lower 205°’). Dial the outbound course of 205° into
left corner of the screen, Figure 5-13). The the CDI (or HSI) using the OBS knob.
switch to terminal mode is accompanied by
a gradual Course Deviation Indicator (CDI)
scale transition from 5.0 to 1.0 nm, full scale
deflection.
Figure 5-13 Terminal Annunciator
Figure 5-15 Waypoint Alert

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
4) Fly the outbound course. Refer to Figure 5-17 for the following steps:
5) Approximately one minute after passing the 6) Course guidance is provided relative to the
FAF (LYH), the alert message ‘START PROC outbound leg from the FAF. No guidance
TRN’ appears along the bottom of the screen through the procedure turn itself is given. (The
(Figure 5-16). Initiate the procedure turn at procedure turn is displayed on the Map Page
any time after receiving this alert message. and indicated as the active leg on the Default
NAV Page and the Active Flight Plan Page.) The
CDI needle starts moving to the right.
7) When turning to intercept the inbound course,
the GPS 500 sequences to the inbound leg to
the FAF, the CDI needle swings to the opposite
side to provide proper sensing along the final
course segment and ‘NEXT DTK 025°’ appears
along the bottom of the screen (Figure 5-18).
DO NOT USE FOR

NAVIGATION
4
Figure 5-18 Sequence to Inbound Leg


8) Turn to the final approach course.
 9) Within 2.0 nm of the FAF (LYH), the GPS 500
 switches from terminal mode to ‘approach’
mode (Figure 5-19). CDI scaling is tightened
from 1.0 to 0.3 nm, full scale deflection.


Figure 5-19 Approach Annunciator
Figure 5-17 Terminal Mode

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
10) When approaching the FAF, a waypoint alert course continues. If a missed approach is
(‘NEXT DTK 026°’) appears in the lower required, use the OBS Key to initiate the missed
right corner. Make any course adjustments approach sequence, as outlined, beginning on
necessary for the final course segment (FAF to the following page.
MAP).
11) After crossing the FAF, the destination
sequences to the MAP (‘RW04’, the runway
threshold, see Figure 5-20). Fly toward the
MAP.
Figure 5-21 ‘SUSP’ Annunciation
Flying the Missed Approach

After passing the MAP, if the runway isn’t in sight the
Figure 5-20 Sequence to MAP
pilot must execute a missed approach. The GPS 500
continues to give guidance along an extension of the final
NOTE: When viewing the Map Page, note that course segment (FAF to MAP) until the pilot manually
the final course segment is displayed in magenta initiates the missed approach procedure (as mentioned
(the active leg of the flight plan always appears previously in reference to the ‘SUSP’ advisory).
in magenta) and a dashed line extends the course
beyond the MAP. The dashed line is provided for 
situational awareness only and should NOT be
used for navigation. Follow the published missed 
approach procedures.

12) When approaching the MAP, a waypoint alert
(‘APPRCHING WPT’) appears in the lower right
corner.
RW04 
13) After crossing the MAP, ‘SUSP’ appears above
the OBS Key (Figure 5-21), indicating that
automatic sequencing of approach waypoints DO NOT USE FOR
is suspended at the MAP. A ‘from’ indication NAVIGATION
is displayed on the CDI and Default NAV Page,
but course guidance along the final approach Figure 5-22 Sequence to MAP

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
The OBS Key is used to initiate the missed approach,

as follows (refer to Figure 5-22 for the following steps):
1) Press the OBS Key. The missed approach
holding point (MAHP; in this case ‘SWARM’
intersection) is automatically offered as the
destination waypoint.
NOTE: In some cases, an additional hold
waypoint is added to the missed approach
sequence. This additional waypoint is used
as an aid in establishing the holding pattern,
especially where the MAP and MAHP are the Figure 5-23 ‘Hold Teardrop’ Annunciation
same waypoint.
4) The GPS 500 provides course guidance only
2) Follow the missed approach procedures, as on the inbound side of the holding pattern.
published on the approach plate, for proper When leaving the holding pattern to re-fly
climb and heading instructions. The GPS 500 the approach (or another approach) press the
guides the pilot to the holding pattern, along PROC Key to ‘Select Approach?’ or ‘Activate
the 053° radial from LYH VOR. Approach?’ as previously described. (Or,
3) An alert message in the lower right-hand corner use the Direct-to Key to select another
of the screen recommends entry procedures for destination.)
the holding pattern (i.e., ‘HOLD DIRECT’, ‘HOLD
PARALLEL’, or ‘HOLD TEARDROP’, see Figure
5-23). When flying the holding pattern, a timer
appears on the Default NAV Page. The timer
automatically resets on the outbound side of
the hold when the aircraft is abeam the hold
waypoint. The timer again resets as the aircraft
turns inbound (within approximately 30° of the
inbound course). This allows the pilot to use
standard timing (typically one minute) to fly
the inbound and outbound legs of the hold.

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
Flying an Approach with a Hold 5) From the Transitions Window, select BODRY
intersection as the IAF (Figure 5-25). Also,
Starting where the previous example left off, assume
select ‘Activate?’ to load and activate the
weather conditions resulted in a missed approach at
approach.
Lynchburg Regional. The pilot has decided to divert to
Farmville Regional (KFVX) instead (refer to Figure 5-24
for the following steps).
   
Figure 5-25 TRANS ‘Transitions’ Window
DO NOT USE FOR 6) Once the approach has been activated, the
NAVIGATION
Active Flight Plan Page appears (Figure 5-26).
The pilot may review the approach sequence
by pressing the small right knob and turning
the large right knob. Press the FPL Key to
return to the navigation pages.
Figure 5-24 Approach with Hold
1) Press the Direct-to Key.

the destination airport’s identifier (KFVX).
3) Press the ENT Key twice.
This time, the pilot selects the GPS runway 21
approach into Farmville Regional. The GPS runway 21
approach begins with a holding pattern at the IAF, BODRY
intersection.
4) Press the PROC Key and select the ‘GPS
21’ approach. (Section 5.1 for additional
instructions.)

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
 

DO NOT USE FOR

NAVIGATION Figure 5-28 Default NAV Page
10) When crossing the IAF, ‘SUSP’ appears above

the OBS Key, indicating that automatic
sequencing of approach waypoints is
temporarily suspended. As the aircraft turns
inbound, ‘SUSP’ is cancelled and the GPS 500
returns to automatic sequencing.
Refer to Figure 5-27 for the following steps. NOTE: If the pilot needs to lose extra altitude
or speed by going around the holding pattern
7) As in the last example, within 30 nm of the again, press the OBS Key to manually suspend
airport, the GPS 500 switches from enroute to waypoint sequencing BEFORE crossing the
terminal mode, and the CDI scale transitions holding waypoint the second time. If this
from 5.0 to 1.0 nm, full scale deflection. waypoint has already been passed, re-activate
8) Just prior to crossing BODRY intersection, a the holding pattern using the steps described in
’HOLD TEARDROP’ alert appears along the Section 5.2.
bottom of the screen to suggest the proper
holding pattern entry. (‘HOLD DIRECT’ or
‘HOLD PARALLEL’ may be offered on other
similar approaches.)
9) As mentioned in the missed approach example,
the Default NAV Page displays a timer during
the holding pattern (Figure 5-28). The timer
can be used to fly the one minute outbound
portion of the holding pattern. (The holding
pattern is displayed on the Map Page and
indicated as the active leg on the Default NAV
Page and the Active Flight Plan Page.)
SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
Figure 5-30 Final Approach
DO NOT USE FOR 14) After crossing the FAF, the destination sequences
NAVIGATION to the MAP (‘RW21’, the runway threshold).
With the needle centered, fly toward the MAP,
observing the altitude minimums dictated by
the approach plate. When viewing the Map
Page, note that the final course segment is
displayed in magenta, (the active leg of the
Figure 5-29 Approach Mode flight plan always appears in magenta) and
a dashed line extends the course beyond the
Refer to Figure 5-29 for the following steps.
MAP. Do not follow this extended course.
11) When approaching BODRY intersection, a Instead, follow published missed approach
waypoint alert (’NEXT DTK 209°’) appears procedures.
along the bottom of the screen.
12) At 2.0 nm from the FAF (DEPOY intersection), (‘APPRCHING WPT’) appears in the lower right
the GPS 500 switches from terminal mode to corner (Figure 5-31).
approach mode. CDI scaling is tightened from
1.0 to 0.3 nm, full scale deflection.
13) When approaching the FAF, a waypoint alert
(‘NEXT DTK 209°’) appears in the lower
right corner (Figure 5-30). Make any course
adjustments necessary for the final course
segment (FAF to MAP).

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
Flying a DME Arc Approach

The GPS overlay for a DME arc approach uses
additional Jeppesen-provided waypoints to define the arc.
These waypoints are indicated by ‘D’ as the first letter in
the waypoint name. This is followed by three numbers
which indicate the radial the waypoint lies on. The last
letter indicates the radius of the arc.
Either of the following may be done to intercept the arc
for a DME arc approach:
Figure 5-31 Final Approach • Follow a specified radial inbound to intercept the
IAF.
16) After crossing the MAP, ‘SUSP’ appears • Follow ATC vectors which allow the pilot to
above the OBS Key, indicating that auto- intercept the arc at any point along the arc.
matic sequencing of approach waypoints is
NOTE: As this manual was being written, the
suspended at the MAP. A ‘from’ indication is letter/number DME arc names were being
displayed on the CDI and Default NAV Page, replaced with standard five-letter intersection
but course guidance along the final approach names. Either naming convention may be used
course continues. If a missed approach is for an approach.
required, use the OBS Key to initiate the
missed approach sequence, as outlined in this
section.

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
2) Press the PROC Key and select the ‘VOR

22’ approach (Figure 5-34) using the steps
outlined in Section 5.1. From the Transitions
Window, select ‘D258G’ as the IAF. Also, select
‘Load?’ (or ‘Activate?’, if already cleared for the
approach).
 
DO NOT USE FOR

NAVIGATION

Figure 5-32 Enroute Mode
This example is based upon a flight from Hutchinson DO NOT USE FOR
NAVIGATION
(Kansas) Municipal (KHUT) to Billard Municipal (KTOP)
in Topeka, Kansas. The VOR/DME runway 22 approach 
is selected, along with ‘D258G’ as the IAF (refer to Figure
5-32 for the following steps).
1) Select Billard Municipal (KTOP) as the  
destination via the Direct-to Key or as the
last waypoint in a flight plan (Figure 5-33).


Billard Muni (Topeka, KS)

Figure 5-33 Select Waypoint Page VOR or GPS Rwy 22

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
Refer to Figure 5-35 for the following steps. 6) Follow the arc, when the course select setting
3) Within 30 nm of KTOP, the GPS 500 switches and desired track differ by more than 10°, a
from enroute mode to terminal mode and the ‘Set course to ###°’ message appears on the
CDI scale transitions from 5.0 to 1.0 nm, full Message Page (Figure 5-37).
scale deflection.
4) If the approach has not yet been activated
(in step 2 above), do so when cleared for the
approach (Figure 5-36).
Figure 5-37 Message Window
7) The next point in the approach is an intermediate

fix, labeled ‘D025G’. When approaching this
intermediate fix, a waypoint alert (‘NEXT DTK
205°’) appears along the bottom of the screen.
As the distance to this fix approaches zero, the
alert is replaced by a turn advisory (‘TURN TO
5) When approaching the IAF (D258G), a waypoint
205°’). Dial this course into the CDI (or HSI)
using the OBS knob.
bottom of the screen. As the distance (DIS) to
the IAF approaches zero, the alert is replaced 8) At 2.0 nm from the FAF (TOP VOR), the GPS
by a turn advisory (‘TURN TO 353°’). 500 switches from terminal mode to approach
mode. CDI scaling is tightened from 1.0 to 0.3
nm, full scale deflection.

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
Refer to Figure 5-38 for the following steps. 10) After crossing the FAF, the destination
sequences to the MAP (‘RW22’, the runway
threshold). With the needle centered, fly
toward the MAP, observing the altitude
minimums dictated by the approach plate.
 When viewing the Map Page, note that the final
DO NOT USE FOR course segment is displayed in magenta (the
NAVIGATION  active leg of the flight plan always appears in
magenta) and a dashed line extends the course
beyond the MAP.
(‘APPRCHING WPT’) appears in the lower right
corner (Figure 5-40).
Figure 5-38 Approach Mode
9) When approaching the FAF, ‘NEXT DTK 214°’

appears along the bottom of the screen (Figure
5-39). Select this course on the CDI (or HSI)
using the OBS knob. Figure 5-40 Waypoint Alert
12) After crossing the MAP, ‘SUSP’ appears

above the OBS Key, indicating that automatic
sequencing of approach waypoints is suspended
at the MAP. A ‘from’ indication is displayed on
the CDI and Default NAV Page, but course
guidance along the final approach course
continues. Do not follow this extended course.
Follow published missed approach procedures
using the OBS Key to initiate the missed
approach sequence, as outlined in ‘Flying the
Figure 5-39 Final Approach Fix Missed Approach’ in this section.

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
Vectors to Final Selecting ‘VECTORS’ from the Transitions

Window:
Take a second look at the ‘VOR 22’ approach into
Billard Municipal. Instead of following the DME arc, ATC 1) Select Billard Municipal (KTOP) as the
tells the pilot to expect vectors onto the final approach destination, using the Direct-to Key, or as the
course. There are several ways to select ‘vectors to final’ last waypoint in a flight plan.
with the GPS 500. The first two options below normally 2) Press the PROC Key and select the ‘VOR 22’
require the least workload to accomplish: approach using the steps outlined in Section
• When the approach is first selected, choose 5.1.
‘VECTORS’ from the Transitions Window. 3) From the Transitions Window, select ‘VECTORS’
• Load a full approach (including the IAF from the (Figure 5-41).
Transitions Window) as described in Section 5.1.
When cleared, press the PROC Key and select
‘Activate Vectors-To-Final?’.
• Load the full approach as described in Section
5.1. Use the Direct-to Key (by pressing it twice)
from the Active Flight Plan Page to select the
desired leg of the approach.
4) Select ‘Load?’ (or ‘Activate?’, if already cleared

for the approach).
Activating vectors-to-final from the
Procedures Page:
1) Select Billard Municipal (KTOP) as the
destination, using the Direct-to Key or as the
last waypoint in a flight plan.
2) Press the PROC Key and select the ‘VOR 22’
approach using the steps outlined in Section
5.1.

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
3) From the Transitions Window, select ‘D258G’ DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION
as the IAF. Also, select ‘Load?’.
4) When cleared, press the PROC Key and select 
‘Activate Vector-To-Final?’ (Figure 5-42).


Flying the Vectors Approach

With ‘vectors to final’ selected, the CDI needle remains
off center until the aircraft is established on the final
approach course. With the approach activated, the Map
Page displays an extension of the final approach course in
magenta (magenta is used to depict the active leg of the
flight plan) and ‘VTF’ appears as part of the active leg on
the Default NAV Page (as a reminder that the approach
was activated with vectors-to-final). In this example, assume ATC vectors result in a
rectangular course to intercept final, as follows (refer to
Figure 5-43 for the following steps):
1) Within 30 nm of KTOP, the GPS 500 switches
from enroute mode to terminal mode and the
CDI scale transitions from 5.0 to 1.0 nm, full
scale deflection.
2) If the approach has not already been activated,
activate the approach (with vectors-to-final,
Figure 5-44). This allows the GPS 500 to
provide guidance to the final approach
course.

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES





3) ATC instructs the pilot to turn left to a heading
of 025°. This places the aircraft parallel to the  DO NOT USE FOR
final approach course in the opposite direction. NAVIGATION
CDI needle deflection is to the left.
4) ATC instructs the pilot to turn right to a heading
of 115°. Refer to Figure 5-46 for the following steps.
5) ATC instructs the pilot to turn right to a heading 6) At 2.0 nm from the FAF (TOP VOR), the GPS
of 175° to intercept the final approach course. 500 switches from terminal mode to approach
When converging with the final approach course mode (Figure 5-47). CDI scaling is tightened
the needle moves toward the center. (In Figure from 1.0 to 0.3 nm, full scale deflection.
5-45, the needle has not yet returned to the
on-screen CDI, since the current position is still
1.7 nm right of the final approach course.)
7) When approaching the FAF, a waypoint alert

Figure 5-45 CDI Moves Toward Center (‘NEXT DTK 214°’) appears in the lower right
corner.

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
8) When crossing the FAF, the destination Course From Fix Flight Plan Legs
sequences to the MAP (‘RW22’).
Certain approach, departure, and arrival procedures
9) When approaching the MAP, a waypoint alert in the Jeppesen database contain course from fix flight
(‘APPRCHING WPT’) appears in the lower right plan legs. The GPS 500 is able to load these legs into the
corner. flight plan along with the rest of the procedure data, and
10) After crossing the MAP, ‘SUSP’ appears above provide navigation along these legs.
the OBS Key (Figure 5-48), indicating that There are three different types of course from fix legs:
automatic sequencing of approach waypoints • Course from fix to distance, or Course from fix to
is suspended at the MAP. A ‘from’ indication DME distance
is displayed on the CDI and Default NAV Page,
• Course from fix to altitude
but course guidance along the final approach
course continues. Do not follow this extended • Course from fix to manual sequence
course. Follow published missed approach Course from fix to distance legs appear in the flight
procedures using the OBS Key to initiate the plan like normal waypoints, but the destination name al-
missed approach sequence, as outlined in this ways begins with a ‘D’, followed by a distance in nm from
section. the waypoint fix.
Palmdale (CA) AF Plant 42
VOR/DME or GPS Rwy 25

 
 
 

DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION
Figure 5-49 KPMD Approach

Figure 5-48 ‘SUSP’ Annunciator
This example uses the VOR/DME RWY 25 approach into
Palmdale, California (KPMD) and includes a teardrop course
reversal (refer to Figure 5-49 for the following steps).
1) At the initial approach fix (PMD), a waypoint
bottom of the screen. As the distance to the
IAF approaches zero, the alert is replaced by a
turn advisory (‘TURN TO 070°’, Figure 5-50).
Dial the outbound course into the CDI (or HSI)
using the OBS knob.

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
4) When approaching the intermediate fix (CF25),

a waypoint alert (‘NEXT DTK 265°’) appears.
5) Within 2.0 nm of the FAF (THERO), the GPS
500 switches from terminal mode to approach
mode. (‘APR’ appears in the lower left corner
of the screen—replacing ‘TERM’.) CDI scaling
is tightened from 1.0 to 0.3 nm, full scale
deflection.
6) When approaching the FAF, ‘NEXT DTK 265°’
appears along the bottom of the screen.
Figure 5-50 Waypoint Alert, Default NAV Page
7) After crossing the FAF, the destination
2) Fly the ‘course from fix to distance’ leg, as sequences to the MAP (MA25).
shown on the Active Flight Plan Page and the 8) When approaching the MAP, a waypoint alert
Default NAV Page. Note the magenta line in (‘APPRCHING WPT’) appears along the bottom
Figure 5-51, which represents the currently of the screen.
active leg of the approach. The distance (DIS) 9) After crossing the MAP, ‘SUSP’ appears above
displayed on the above screens is TO the the OBS Key (Figure 5-52), indicating that
‘D13.0’ point. The flight plan automatically automatic sequencing of approach waypoints
sequences to the next leg upon reaching is suspended at the MAP. If a missed approach
‘D13.0’. is required, use the OBS Key to initiate the
3) At 13.0 nm from the FAF, a waypoint alert missed approach sequence, as outlined
(‘NEXT DTK 265°’) appears along the bottom below.
of the screen (Figure 5-51). Turn to intercept
the final approach course and watch for the
CDI needle to begin to center.
Figure 5-52 ‘SUSP” Annunciation
Figure 5-51 Waypoint Alert, Map Page

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
Course from fix to altitude legs show the specific 1) After crossing the MAP, press the OBS Key.
target altitude on the Active Flight Plan Page and the The missed approach sequence is automatically
Default NAV Page. The missed approach sequence for the offered, starting with the course from fix
Palmdale VOR/DME RWY 25 approach includes a course to altitude leg. The ‘NEXT DTK 282°’ alert
from fix to altitude leg. appears along the bottom of the screen.
2) Note that within a few seconds of pressing the
MISSED APPROACH:
 Palmdale (CA) AF Plant 42 OBS Key to release suspend mode and start the
VOR/DME or GPS Rwy 25 approach sequence, ‘SUSP’ re-appears above
the OBS Key as the GPS 500 returns to suspend

mode (Figure 5-54). This is normal when flying
 a course from fix to altitude leg and indicates
that automatic leg sequencing is suspended.

DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION
MISSED APPROACH
Climb to 5000’
outbound via PMD VOR
R-282, then climbing
RIGHT turn to 7000’ direct
PMD VOR and hold.
Figure 5-53 Palmdale Missed Approach Figure 5-54 ‘SUSP’ Annunciation
In this instance, the leg corresponds to the initial phase 3) Fly the outbound course. The Map Page depicts
of the missed approach, which reads ‘Climb to 5000’ the flight path extending indefinitely from PMD
outbound via PMD VOR R-282’. Refer to Figure 5-53 for VOR. The distance (DIS) on the Default NAV
the following steps. Page, the Map Page, and the Active Flight Plan
Page increases, indicating the distance back to
PMD VOR.
4) Upon reaching the desired altitude (5000’),
press the OBS Key to return to automatic leg
sequencing. Confirm that ‘SUSP’ no longer
appears directly above the OBS Key.

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
5) An alert (‘NEXT DTK 119°’) appears, providing 7) Note that the GPS 500 again displays ‘SUSP’
guidance to the inbound course (Figure 5-55) above the OBS Key. Automatic waypoint
The actual desired track (DTK) depends on sequencing is suspended at the missed
ground speed and distance from PMD VOR. approach holding point. A waypoint alert
Intercept and fly the inbound course. (‘APPRCHING WPT’) appears along the bottom
of the screen each time the aircraft approaches
PMD VOR in the holding pattern.
8) When leaving the holding pattern, press the
PROC Key to reactivate the approach, or select
a different approach, or press the Direct-to
Key to select another destination.
6) When approaching PMD VOR (the missed

approach holding point), an alert message in
the lower right-hand corner (Figure 5-56) of
the screen recommends the holding pattern
entry procedure (‘HOLD PARALLEL’). When
flying the holding pattern, a timer appears on
the Default NAV Page. The timer automatically
resets on each outbound and inbound portion
of the holding pattern.

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
Course from fix to manual sequence legs appear on the Refer to Figure 5-57 for the following steps.
Active Flight Plan Page and the Map Page with ‘man seq’
in place of a waypoint identifier. An example of this type 1) Select the departure (CSTL1) from the
of course leg appears in the COASTAL ONE DEPARTURE Procedures Page, then select the departure
from Westfield, Massachusetts (Barnes Muni). The runway, (RW02 in this example) and transition
example leg corresponds to the departure leg from Barnes (GEDIC). Refer to Section 5.1 for instructions
Municipal and appears (as in Figure 5-68) on the Active on selecting departures.
Flight Plan Page and the Default NAV Page: 2) When departing the airfield, ‘NEXT DTK 026°’
appears along the bottom of the screen and
‘SUSP’ appears directly above the OBS Key,
COASTAL ONE DEPARTURE
(CSTL1.CCC)   which indicates the aircraft is now on the
DEPARTING BARNES MUNI,
  ‘course from fix to manual sequence’ leg. The
Fly assigned heading and altitude
for radar vectors to HFD distance displayed on the Active Flight Plan
VOR. Expect clearance to
requested flight level 10
Page, the Default NAV Page (Figure 5-58), and
minutes after departure. From the Map Page is FROM the waypoint fix (the
over HFD VOR, proceed via the HFD R-143 to
Thumb Int,
departure runway in this example).
then via the HTO R-010 to
Yoder Int, then via the CCC
R-057 to CCC VOR.
Then via transition
or assigned
route.

DO NOT USE
FOR NAVIGATION 3) Fly the outbound course. When cleared to
sequence to the next leg, press the OBS Key.
Confirm that ‘SUSP’ no longer appears directly
Figure 4-57 Coastal One Departure above the OBS Key. An alert (‘NEXT DTK
185°’) appears along the bottom of the screen
(Figure 5-59) to provide guidance to the next
waypoint (HFD VOR). The actual desired track
(DTK) depends on ground speed and distance
from HFD VOR.

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
5.3 Points to Remember for All

Approaches
• The GPS 500 is designed to complement printed
approach plates and vastly improve situational
awareness throughout the approach. However,
the pilot must always fly an approach as it appears
on the approach plate.
• The active leg (or the portion of the approach
currently in use) is depicted in magenta on the
Map Page. When flying the approach, the GPS
500 automatically sequences through each leg
4) When the OBS Key is pressed, the GPS 500
of the approach unless ‘SUSP’ appears above
automatically sequences to each waypoint
the OBS Key. ‘SUSP’ indicates that automatic
along the remainder of the departure route,
sequencing of approach waypoints is suspended
including the selected transition.
on the current leg and normally appears at
holding patterns and upon crossing the missed
approach point (MAP).

SECTION 5
PROCEDURES
Blank Page

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
SECTION 6: WPT PAGES Quickly selecting a WPT page:

1) From any page, press and hold the CLR Key to
select the Default NAV Page (this step may be
6.1 WPT Page Group skipped if the unit is already displaying any of
Section 2.1 introduced the GPS 500’s main page groups the main pages.)
(Table 6-1)—NAV, WPT, AUX, NRST—and described 2) Turn the large right knob to select the WPT
each page in the NAV group. This second page group Page Group. ‘WPT’ appears along the bottom
(WPT) provides information for the thousands of airports, of the screen.
VORs, NDBs, intersections, runways, frequencies, and 3) Turn the small right knob to select the desired
procedures stored on the Jeppesen NavData card. A WPT WPT page.
page is also provided to display information for up to
1,000 user-created waypoints. NOTE: The GPS 500 uses International Civil
Aviation Organization (ICAO) identifiers for all
Page Groups airports. All U.S. airport identifiers which contain
only letters use the prefix ‘K’. For example, Los
NAV Group WPT Group AUX Group NRST Group Angeles International is KLAX under the ICAO
see Section 2 10 WPT Pages see Section 8 see Section 7 standard. Other airports, such as Otten Memorial
(3VS), that contain numbers in the identifier, do
Table 6-1 Page Groups not require the ‘K’ prefix. Many foreign countries
use two letter prefixes.
The WPT Page Group includes ten pages (Figure

6-1). While viewing any WPT page, turn the small right
knob to select a different WPT page. The first six pages
provide detailed information for the selected airport:
Airport Location Airport Runway Airport Frequency Airport Approach location, runways, frequencies, approaches, arrivals, and
departures. The last four pages provide information for
intersections, NDBs, VORs, and user-created waypoints.
After a WPT page is selected, information for a waypoint
may be viewed by entering the identifier (or name) of the
Airport Arrival Airport Departure Intersection NDB desired waypoint. Airports, NDBs, and VORs may be
selected by identifier, facility name, or location (city).
VOR User Waypoint

Figure 6-1 WPT Pages

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
Entering a waypoint identifier: Entering a waypoint facility name or city

1) Select the desired WPT page and press the location:
small right knob to activate the cursor. 1) Select the Airport Location Page, NDB Page
2) Turn the small right knob to select the first or VOR Page from the WPT Page Group (as
character of the waypoint’s identifier. described on the preceding page).
3) Turn the large right knob to select the next 2) Press the small right knob to activate the
character field. cursor.
4) Turn the small right knob to select the desired 3) Turn the large right knob to select the facility
character (Figure 7-2). name or location (city) field.
character (Figure 6-3).
Figure 6-2 Waypoint Identifier Selected
5) Repeat steps 3 and 4 until the identifier is Figure 6-3 Facility Location Field Selected
selected, then press the ENT Key.
6) To remove the flashing cursor, press the small 5) Turn the large right knob to select the next
right knob. character field.
6) Repeat steps 4 and 5 until the facility name or
location is selected, then press the ENT Key .
7) To remove the flashing cursor, press the small
right knob.

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
Duplicate Waypoints 3) Continue turning the small right knob to

scroll through any additional database listings
Once the identifier, facility name, or location is
(Figure 6-6) for the selected facility name or
entered, all six airport pages display information for the
location. Scroll backwards with the small right
selected airport. When entering an identifier, facility
knob if the desired facility name or location
name, or location, the GPS 500’s Spell’N’Find feature
has been scrolled past.
scrolls through the database, displaying those waypoints
matching the characters that have been entered to that
point. If duplicate entries exist for the entered facility
name or location, additional entries may be viewed
by continuing to turn the small right knob during the
selection process. If duplicate entries exist for an entered
identifier, a Duplicate Waypoint Window appears when
the identifier is selected (by pressing the ENT Key).
Selecting a facility name or location where
duplicate entries exist:
1) Select the desired facility name or location,
Figure 6-5 Last Facility for Charlotte
following the preceding steps under ‘To enter
a waypoint facility name or city location’. 4) Press the ENT Key to select the desired facility
2) When spelling the facility name or location, name or location.
using the small and large right knobs, the GPS 5) To remove the flashing cursor, press the small
500’s Spell’N’Find feature selects the first entry right knob.
(Figure 6-4) in the database based upon the
characters entered up to that point.
Figure 6-4 First Facility for Charlotte

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
Selecting a waypoint identifier from a list 6.2 Airport Location Page

of duplicates:
The Airport Location Page (Figure 6-7) displays the
1) Select the desired airport or NAVAID identifier latitude, longitude, and elevation of the selected airport.
following the preceding steps under ‘To enter The Airport Location Page also displays facility name and
a waypoint facility name or city location’. location, as well as fuel availability, available approaches,
2) A Duplicate Waypoints Window appears (Figure radar coverage, and airspace type.
6-6). Turn the large right knob to select the To view location information for a particular airport
desired waypoint and press the ENT Key. on the Airport Location Page, enter the airport’s identifier
per Section 6.1.
5
2
6
1
7
Figure 6-6 Duplicate Waypoints Window
8 9
right knob. Figure 6-7 Airport Location Page
1 Best Available Approach

2 Position (Latitude/Longitude)
3 Facility Name and Location (City)
4 Airport Identifier, Symbol, and Type
5 Field Elevation and Available Fuels
6 Radar Coverage and Airspace Type
7 Position of Current Page within Current Page
Group
8 Current Page Group
9 Number of Pages in Current Page Group

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
The following descriptions and abbreviations are Selecting an Airport Location Page Menu
used: Option:
• Type - Usage type: Public, Heliport, Military, or 1) With a Flight Plan active, select the Airport
Private Location Page.
• Position - Latitude/Longitude (degrees/minutes or 2) Press the MENU Key to display the Airport
degrees/minutes/seconds), MGRS, or UTM/UPS Location Page Menu.
• Elevation - In feet or meters 3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Select
Next FPL Apt?’ or ‘Select Destination Apt?’ and
• Fuel - For public-use airports, the available fuel
press the ENT Key (Figure 6-8).
type(s) are: Avgas (80-87/100LL/100-130/Mogas),
Jet, or None
• Approach - Best available approach: ILS, MLS,
LOC, LDA, SDF, GPS, VOR, RNAV (‘RNV’),
LORAN (‘LOR’), NDB, TACAN (‘TCN’),
Helicopter (‘HEL’), or VFR
• Radar - Radar coverage: Yes or No
• Airspace - Control environment: Class B, Class C,
Class D, CTA, TMA, TRSA, or none
NOTE: Upon active navigation changes, the Figure 6-8 Airport Location Page Menu
active destination airport is used as the default
airport on the WPT pages. Manual selection of 4) The Airport Location Page displays information
the destination airport is available from the page regarding the next Flight Plan or Destination
menu. Airport.
Airport Location Page Options

The following options are available for the Airport
Location Page, by pressing the MENU Key:
• Select Next FPL Apt? - This option is only
available when a Flight Plan is active. Allows the
pilot to view the location information for the next
airport in the active flight plan
• Select Destination Apt? - This option is only
available when a Flight Plan is active. Allows
the pilot to view the location information for the
active flight plan destination airport.

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
6.3 Airport Runway Page 3) Turn the small right knob to display a window
listing all runways for the selected airport
The Airport Runway Page (Figure 6-9) displays runway (Figure 6-10).
designations, length, surface type, and lighting for the
selected airport. A map image of the runway layout and
surrounding area is also displayed on the Airport Runway
Page. The map image range appears in the lower left
corner and is adjustable using the RNG Key. For airports
with multiple runways, information for each runway is
available.
To view runway information for a particular airport on
the Airport Runway Page, enter the airport’s identifier per
Section 6.1.
Airport Identifier,
Symbol, and Type Figure 6-10 Runway Window
4) Continue turning the small right knob to select

Runway the desired runway.
Designations
Map Image Runway 5) Press the ENT Key to display information for
Length and the selected runway on the Airport Runway
Width
Page (Figure 6-11).
Runway
Surface
Runway
Current Lighting
Page Group
Position of Current Page Number of Pages in

within Current Page Group Current Page Group
Figure 6-9 Airport Runway Page
Displaying information for each additional

runway:
1) Press the small right knob to activate the Figure 6-11 Airport Runway Page
cursor.
2) Turn the large right knob to place the cursor right knob.
on the runway designation field.

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
Adjusting the range of the map image: Selecting an Airport Runway Page Menu
1) Press the down arrow of the RNG Key to Option:
display a smaller map area. 1) With a Flight Plan Active, select the Airport
2) Press the up arrow of the RNG Key to display Runway Page.
a larger map area. 2) Press the MENU Key to display the Airport
Runway Page Menu.
The following descriptions and abbreviations are used 3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Select
on the Airport Runway Page: Next FPL Apt?’ or ‘Select Destination Apt?’ and
• Type - Usage type: Public, Heliport, Military, or press the ENT Key (Figure 6-12).
Private
• Surface - Runway surface types include: Hard,
Turf, Sealed, Gravel, Dirt, Soft, Unknown, or
Water Figure 6-12 Airport Runway Page Menu
• Lighting - Runway lighting types include: No 4) The Airport Runway Page displays information
Lights, Part Time, Full Time, Unknown, or regarding the next Flight Plan or Destination
Frequency (for pilot-controlled lighting) Airport.
Airport Runway Page Options
Runway Page, by pressing the MENU Key:
pilot to view the runway information for the next
pilot to view the runway information for the active
flight plan destination airport.

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
6.4 Airport Frequency Page

The Airport Frequency Page displays radio frequencies
and frequency types for the selected airport, as well as
sector and altitude restrictions (where applicable). If
the selected airport has a localizer-based approach,
the localizer frequency(ies) is also listed on the Airport
Frequency Page (Figure 6-13).
To view frequency information for a particular airport
on the Airport Frequency Page, enter the Airport’s
Identifier per Section 6.1. Figure 6-14 111.55 Highlighted
Frequency Airport Identifier, Frequency Some listed frequencies may include designations for
Type Symbol, and Type
limited usage, as follows:
• ‘TX’ - Transmit only
• ‘RX’ - Receive only
Scroll • ‘PT’ - Part time frequency
Bar
Usage
Restrictions
Information
Position of
Current Page
within Current
Page Group
Figure 6-13 Airport Frequency Page
Scrolling through the frequency list:

cursor.
2) Turn the large right knob to scroll through the
list (Figure 6-14). If there are more frequencies
in the list than can be displayed on the screen,
a scroll bar (Figure 6-13) along the right-hand
side of the screen indicates the cursor’s position
within the list.

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
If a listed frequency has sector or altitude restrictions, The following descriptions and abbreviations are used
the frequency is preceded by an ‘Info?’ designation (Figure on the Airport Frequency Page:
6-15). • Type - Usage type: Public, Heliport, Military, or
Viewing usage restrictions for a frequency: Private
1) Turn the large right knob to place the cursor • Frequency - Communication frequencies which
on the ‘Info?’ designation directly to the left may include restrictions:
of the desired frequency (Figure 6-15).
Approach Arrival Class B
Class C CTA Departure
TMA Terminal TRSA
Communication frequencies without restrictions:
ATIS ASOS AWOS
Center Clearance Gate
Control Ground Helicopter
Multicom Pre-taxi Radar
Ramp Other Tower
Unicom
Figure 6-15 ‘Info?’ Highlighted Navigation frequencies:
ILS LOC
2) Press the ENT Key to display the restriction
information (Figure 6-16).
Figure 6-16 Restriction Information Page
3) To return to the Airport Frequency Page, press

the ENT Key.

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
Airport Frequency Page Options 6.5 Airport Approach Page

The following options are available for the Airport The Airport Approach Page (Figure 6-18) shows the
Frequency Page, by pressing the MENU Key: available approach procedures for the selected airport.
• Select Next FPL Apt? - This option is only Where multiple initial approach fixes (IAFs) and feeder
available when a Flight Plan is active. Allows the routes are available, that information may also be
pilot to view the frequency information for the displayed. A map image provides a layout diagram for
next airport in the active flight plan each approach and transition.
• Select Destination Apt? - This option is only To view approach information for a particular airport
available when a Flight Plan is active. Allows the on the Airport Approach Page, enter the airport’s identifier
pilot to view the frequency information for the per Section 6.1.
active flight plan destination airport. Airport Identifier,
Map Image Symbol, and Type
Selecting an Airport Frequency Page Menu
Option: Approach
1) With a Flight Plan Active, select the Airport Procedure
Name
Runway Page.
Transitions:
2) Press the MENU Key to display the Airport IAF’s, Feeder
Runway Page Menu. Routes, and
Vectors-to-Final
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Select
Next FPL Apt?’ or ‘Select Destination Apt?’ and Position of
press the ENT Key (Figure 6-17). Current Page
within Current
Page Group
Figure 6-18 Airport Approach Page
Figure 6-17 Airport Runway Page Menu
Scrolling through the available approaches
4) The Airport Frequency Page displays information
and transitions:
regarding the next Flight Plan or Destination
Airport. 1) Press the small right knob to activate the
cursor.
2) Turn the large right knob to place the cursor
on the approach (APR) procedure name field.
of available approaches for the selected airport
(Figure 6-19). Continue turning the small right
knob to select the desired approach.

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
Airport Approach Page Options

Approach Page, by pressing the MENU Key:
• Load into Active FPL? - Allows the pilot to load
the selected approach into the active flight plan
without activating it. This performs the same
Figure 6-19 Approach Window operation as selecting ‘Load?’ from the Procedures
Page ‘Select Approach?’ option. See Section 5.1.
4) Press the ENT Key. The cursor moves to the
transitions (TRANS) field. • Load and Activate? - Allows the pilot to load the
selected approach into the active flight plan and
activate navigation guidance to the approach
of available transitions (Figure 6-20). Continue
transition (Section 5.1).
turning the small right knob to select the
desired transition or select ‘VECTORS’ for • Select Next FPL Apt? - This option is only
guidance only along the final course segment available when a Flight Plan is active. Allows the
of the approach. pilot to view the available approaches for the next
available when a Flight Plan is active. Allows
Figure 6-20 Transitions Window the pilot to view the available approaches for the
active flight plan destination airport.
6) Press the ENT Key. To remove the flashing
cursor, press the small right knob.
NOTE: Not all approaches in the database

are approved for GPS use. When selecting an
approach, a ‘GPS’ designation to the right of the
procedure name indicates the procedure can be
flown using the GPS receiver. Some procedures
do not have this designation, meaning the
GPS receiver may be used for supplemental
navigation guidance only.

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
Loading an approach from the Airport 6.6 Airport Arrival Page

Approach Page:
The Airport Arrival Page (Figure 6-22) shows the
1) Select the desired approach and transition available Airport Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR)
using the steps outlined in Section 5.1. procedures for the selected airport. Where multiple
2) Press the MENU Key to display the Airport transitions or runways are associated with the arrival
Approach Page Menu. procedure, that information may also be displayed. A
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Load map image provides a layout diagram for each arrival,
into Active FPL?’ and press the ENT Key (Figure transition, and runway.
6-21). To view arrival information for a particular airport on
the Airport Arrival Page, enter the airport’s identifier per
Section 6.1.
Map Airport Identifier,
Image Symbol, and Type
Arrival
Procedure
Name
Transitions
Runway
associated
Figure 6-21 Airport Approach Page Menu with arrival
Position of
4) The Active Flight Plan Page appears. Press Current Page
the FPL Key to return to the Airport Approach within Current
Page Group
Page. Current Number of Pages in
To select any of the other options from the Airport Page Group Current Page Group
Approach Page Menu, follow the preceding steps, but Figure 6-22 Airport Arrival Page
select the desired option in step 3.
Scrolling through the available arrivals:
cursor.
on the ‘ARRIVAL’ procedure name field.
of available arrivals for the selected airport
knob to select the desired arrival.

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
NOTE: (‘ALL’ may appear in the runway field,

indicating the arrival procedure applies to all
runways. For airports with parallel runways, ‘B’
may appear at the end of the runway designation
to indicate the arrival procedure applies to both
runways.)
Figure 6-23 Arrivals Window

transitions (TRANS) field.
of available transitions (Figure 6-24). Continue
desired transition. Figure 6-25 Runway Window
8) Press the ENT Key. To remove the flashing

cursor, press the small right knob.

runway field.
of available runways (Figure 6-25). Continue
desired runway.

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
Airport Arrival Page Options 6.7 Airport Departure Page

The following options are available for the Airport The Airport Departure Page (Figure 6-27) shows the
Arrival Page, by pressing the MENU Key: available Airport Standard Instrument Departure (SID)
• Load into Active FPL? - Allows the pilot to load procedures for the selected airport. Where multiple
the selected arrival into the active flight plan. runways or transitions are associated with the departure
This is identical to loading an arrival procedure procedure, that information may also be displayed. A
from the Procedures Page, as described in Section map image provides a layout diagram for each departure,
5.1. runway, and transition.
• Select Next FPL Apt? - This option is only To view departure information for a particular airport
available when a Flight Plan is active. Allows the on the Airport Departure Page, enter the airport’s identifier
pilot to view the available arrivals for the next per Section 6.1.
airport in the active flight plan Map Airport Identifier,
Image Symbol, and Type
available when a Flight Plan is active. Allows the Departure
pilot to view the available arrivals for the active Procedure
flight plan destination airport. Name
Runway
Loading an arrival procedure from the Associated with
Departure
Airport Arrival Page:
Transitions
1) Select the desired arrival, transition, and
runway using the steps above. Position of
2) Press the MENU Key to display the Airport Current Page
within Current
Arrival Page Menu. Page Group
3) Press the ENT Key to select the ‘Load into Page Group Current Page Group
Active FPL?’ option (Figure 6-26).
Figure 6-27 Airport Departure Page
Scrolling through the available departures:

cursor.
Figure 6-26 Airport Arrival Page Menu
4) The Active Flight Plan Page appears. Press the on the departure (DEP) procedure name field
FPL Key to return to the Airport Arrival Page. (Figure 6-27).
To select any of the other options from the Airport
Arrival Page Menu, follow the preceding steps, but select
the desired option in step 3.

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
3) Turn the small right knob to display a window Airport Departure Page Options
of available departures for the selected airport
The following option is available for the Airport
Departure Page, by pressing the MENU Key:
knob to select the desired departure.
• Load into Active FPL? - Allows the pilot to load
the selected departure into the active flight plan.
This is identical to loading a departure procedure
from the Procedures Page, as described in Section
5.1.
Figure 6-28 Departure Window pilot to view the available departures for the next
4) Press the ENT Key. The cursor moves to the airport in the active flight plan
runway field. • Select Destination Apt? - This option is only
5) Turn the small right knob to display a window available when a Flight Plan is active. Allows the
of available runways (Figure 6-29). Continue pilot to view the available departures for the active
turning the small right knob to select the flight plan destination airport.
desired runway. (‘ALL’ may appear in the Loading a departure procedure from the
runway field, indicating the departure procedure Airport Departure Page:
applies to all runways. For airports with parallel 1) Select the desired departure, runway, and
runways, ‘B’ may appear at the end of the transition using the preceding steps.
runway designation to indicate the departure
procedure applies to both runways.) 2) Press the MENU Key to display the Airport
Departure Page Menu.
3) Press the ENT Key to select the ‘Load into
Active FPL?’ option (Figure 6-30).
Figure 6-29 Runway Window

transitions (TRANS) field. Figure 6-30 Airport Departure Page Menu
7) Turn the small right knob to display a window 4) The Active Flight Plan Page appears. Press
of available transitions. Continue turning the FPL Key to return to the Airport Departure
the small right knob to select the desired Page.
transition. To select any of the other options from the Airport
8) Press the ENT Key. To remove the flashing Arrival Page Menu, follow the preceding steps, but select
cursor, press the small right knob. the desired option in step 3.

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
6.8 Intersection Page 6.9 NDB Page

The Intersection Page (Figure 6-31) displays the The NDB Page displays the facility name, city, region/
latitude, longitude, region, and country for the selected country, latitude, and longitude for the selected NDB
intersection. The Intersection Page also displays the (Figure 6-32). The NDB Page also displays the frequency
identifier, radial, and distance from the nearest VOR, and a weather broadcast indication (if applicable). As
VORTAC, or VOR/DME. Intersections may only be mentioned in Section 6.1, NDBs may be selected by
selected by identifier, as described in Section 6.1. identifier, facility name, or location (city).
Intersection Identifier Nearest Radial and
and Symbol VOR and Distance NDB Identifier Frequency and Weather
Symbol from Nearest and Symbol Broadcast Indication
VOR
Facility
Name, City,
Region/ and Region/
Country Country
Latitude/
Longitude Latitude/
Position Longitude
Position
Position of
Position of Current Page
Current Page within Current
within Current Page Group
Page Group
Current Number of Pages in Page Group Current Page Group
Figure 6-32 NDB Page
Figure 6-31 Intersection Page
The following descriptions and abbreviations are The following descriptions and abbreviations are
used: used:
• Position - Latitude/Longitude (degrees/minutes or • Symbol - See Section 2.4 for a graphic illustration
degrees/minutes/seconds), MGRS, or UTM/UPS of available NDB symbols
• RAD - Radial from nearest VOR in degrees • Position - Latitude/Longitude (degrees/minutes or

magnetic or degrees true (depending upon unit degrees/minutes/seconds), MGRS, or UTM/UPS
configuration) • FREQ - Frequency in kilohertz (kHz)
• DIS - Distance from nearest VOR, in nautical • Wx Brdcst - Weather information is broadcast on
miles/statute miles/kilometers (depending upon the selected facility’s frequency
unit configuration)
NOTE: The VOR displayed on the Intersection
Page is the nearest VOR, not necessarily the VOR
used to define the intersection.

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
6.10 VOR Page 6.11 User Waypoint Page

The VOR Page (Figure 6-33) displays the facility In addition to the airport, VOR, NDB, and intersection
name, city, region/country, magnetic variation, latitude, information contained in the Jeppesen NavData card,
and longitude for the selected VOR. The VOR Page also the GPS 500 allows the pilot to store up to 1,000 user-
displays the frequency and a weather broadcast indication defined waypoints. The User Waypoint Page (Figure
(if applicable). 6-34) displays the waypoint name (up to five characters
As mentioned in Section 6.1, VORs may be selected by long), identifier, radial from two reference waypoints, and
identifier, facility name, or location (city). distance from one reference waypoint, along with the user
waypoint’s latitude/longitude position.
VOR Identifier Frequency and Weather
and Symbol Broadcast Indication User Waypoint Reference Waypoint
Name Information
Facility
Name, City,
and Region/
Country
Magnetic
Variation
Latitude/
Longitude Latitude/ Create/
Position Longitude Modify
Position Action
Position of Field
Current Page Position of
within Current Current Page
Page Group within Current
Current Number of Pages in Page Group
Page Group Current Page Group Current Number of Pages in
Figure 6-33 VOR Page
Figure 6-34 User Waypoint Page
The following descriptions and abbreviations are
used: The following descriptions and abbreviations appear
on the User Waypoint Page:
• Symbol - See Section 2.4 for a graphic illustration
of available VOR symbols • REF WPT - Reference waypoint identifier (name)
• VAR - Magnetic variation in degrees • RAD - Radial from reference waypoint, in degrees
magnetic or degrees true (depending upon unit
• Position - Latitude/Longitude (degrees/minutes or configuration)
degrees/minutes/seconds), MGRS, or UTM/UPS
• DIS - Distance from reference waypoint, in
• FREQ - Frequency in megahertz (MHz) nautical miles/statute miles/kilometers (depending
• Wx Brdcst - Weather information is broadcast on upon unit configuration)
the selected facility’s frequency • Position - Latitude/Longitude (degrees/minutes or
degrees/minutes/seconds), MGRS, or UTM/UPS

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
User waypoints may only be selected by name 4) Use the small and large right knobs to enter
(identifier), as described in Section 6.1. the position coordinates for the new waypoint
(Figure 6-36).
Creating User Waypoints
User waypoints may be created from the User
Waypoint Page or the Map Page. To create a new user
waypoint, simply enter its name (identifier) and position,
or reference another waypoint by radial and distance.
Creating a new user waypoint by entering
its latitude/longitude position:
1) With the User Waypoint Page displayed, press
the small right knob to activate the cursor.
2) Use the small and large right knobs to enter a
name for the new waypoint (Figure 6-35) and Figure 6-36 Present Position Field Selected
press the ENT Key. The present position appears
in the position field at the bottom of the page. 5) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected
To create a waypoint at the present position, position.
turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Create?’ 6) The cursor moves to ‘Create?’. Press the ENT
and skip to step 6. Key to add the new waypoint to memory.
flashing cursor.
Creating a new user waypoint by
referencing an existing waypoint:
1) With the User Waypoint Page displayed, press
the small right knob to activate the cursor.
a name for the new waypoint and press the
ENT Key.
Figure 6-35 User Waypoint Name Field Selected 3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the first
reference waypoint (REF WPT) field (Figure 6-
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the 37).
position field at the bottom of the page.

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
6) The cursor moves to the distance (DIS) field.

Use the small and large right knobs to enter
the distance from the reference waypoint to
the new user waypoint. Press the ENT Key to
accept the selected distance.
7) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Create?’
flashing cursor.
Figure 6-37 Reference Waypoint Field Highlighted NOTE: The GPS 500 allows the pilot to create
a new user waypoint at a defined radial and
4) Use the small and large right knobs to enter distance from the present position. To reference
the identifier of the reference waypoint. The the present position, follow the preceding steps,
reference waypoint can be an airport, VOR, but press the CLR Key in Step 4. ‘P.POS’ appears
NDB, intersection, or another user waypoint. in the reference waypoint (REF WPT) field to
Press the ENT Key to accept the selected indicate that radial and distance information
identifier. references the present position. The second
reference waypoint field (REF WPT) is a temporary
5) The cursor moves to the radial (RAD) field reference only, not a reference that is stored with
(Figure 6-38). Use the small and large right the user waypoint. By default, this field displays
knobs to enter the radial from the reference a radial from the nearest VOR. However, the pilot
waypoint to the new user waypoint. Press the can select any waypoint by identifier to use as
ENT Key to accept the selected radial. a reference in this field. The GPS 500 can store
user-defined waypoints which are generated
from other equipment in the panel. For example,
an EFIS equipped with joystick inputs can be used
to create user waypoints which (if the installation
supports this) automatically transfer to the GPS
500.
Figure 6-38 Radial Field Selected

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
Creating User Waypoints from the Map Page Modifying User Waypoints
The Map Page and panning target pointer (Section 2.4, To modify an existing waypoint, select that waypoint
Map Panning) provide a quick means of saving the present on the User Waypoint Page and enter the new position
position as a user-defined waypoint. information directly over the old information.
Capturing and saving the present position Modifying a user waypoint by changing its
as a user waypoint: latitude/longitude position:
1) With the Map Page displayed, press the small 1) With the User Waypoint Page displayed, press
right knob to activate the panning function. the small right knob to activate the cursor.
The target pointer appears at the present 2) Use the small and large right knobs to enter
position (Figure 6-39). the name of the desired waypoint and press
the ENT Key.
position field at the bottom of the page.
the new position coordinates (Figure 6-40)
and press the ENT Key to accept the selected
position.
Figure 6-39 Activate Panning Function
2) Press the ENT Key to capture the position and

display the User Waypoint Page
3) A four-digit name is automatically assigned to
the waypoint. To change this name, turn the
large right knob to highlight the name field,
then use the small and large right knobs to
Figure 6-40 Position Field Selected
select a new name. Press the ENT Key to
accept the selected name. 5) The cursor moves to the ‘Modify?’ action field.
4) The cursor moves to the ‘Create?’ action field. Press the ENT Key to modify the waypoint.
Press the ENT Key to save the new waypoint. 6) Press the small right knob to remove the
flashing cursor.

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
Modifying a user waypoint by changing 6) The cursor moves to the distance (DIS) field.
reference waypoint information: Use the small and large right knobs to change
1) With the User Waypoint Page displayed, press the distance from the reference waypoint to the
the small right knob to activate the cursor. new user waypoint, if desired. Press the ENT
Key to accept the selected distance.
the name of the desired waypoint and press 7) The cursor moves to the ‘Modify?’ action field.
the ENT Key. Press the ENT Key to modify the waypoint.
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the first 8) Press the small right knob to remove the
reference waypoint (REF WPT) field, to change flashing cursor.
the reference waypoint. Otherwise, continue
NOTE: If the pilot attempts to modify or delete a
turning the large right knob to highlight waypoint which is currently a direct-to waypoint
the radial (RAD) or distance (DIS) field, as or the current ‘from’ or ‘to’ waypoint in the active
desired. flight plan, the GPS 500 alerts the pilot with the
4) Use the small and large right knobs to change ‘Can’t change an active waypoint’ or ‘Waypoint
the identifier (if desired) of the reference is active and can’t be deleted’ message. The
waypoint (Figure 6-41). The reference waypoint pilot must first cancel the direct-to or remove
the waypoint(s) from the active flight plan before
can be an airport, VOR, NDB, intersection or
modifying or deleting the waypoint(s).
another user waypoint. Press the ENT Key to
accept the selected identifier.
Figure 6-41 Ref Waypoint Field Selected
5) The cursor moves to the radial (RAD) field. Use

the small and large right knobs to change the
radial from the reference waypoint, if desired.
Press the ENT Key to accept the selected
radial.

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
User Waypoint Page Options 4) Press the small right knob to return to the
User Waypoint Page.
The following User Waypoint Page options are available
by pressing the MENU Key: Deleting a user waypoint:
• View User Waypoint List? - displays a list of all 1) Select the desired waypoint on the User
user waypoints currently stored in memory. Waypoint Page and press the MENU Key to
display the User Waypoint Page Menu.
• Delete User Waypoint? - Allows the pilot to delete
the selected waypoint from memory. 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Delete
User Waypoint?’ (Figure 6-43) and press the
• Crossfill? - Allows the pilot to transfer a user
ENT Key.
waypoint to another 400/500 series unit (if
installed). Please refer to Sections 5.1 and 10.1
for detailed information on crossfill.
Viewing a list of all user waypoints:
1) From the User Waypoint Page, press the MENU
Key to display the User Waypoint Page Menu.
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘View
User Waypoint List?’ (Figure 6-42) and press
the ENT Key.
Figure 6-43 User Waypoint Page Menu
3) Press the CLR Key to display a ‘delete waypoint’

confirmation window.
delete the selected user waypoint.
Figure 6-42 User Waypoint Page Menu
3) The top of the User Waypoint List indicates the

total number of user waypoints currently used
and available memory. If more user waypoints
are stored than can be displayed on a single
screen, turn the large right knob to scroll
through the User Waypoint List.

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
User Waypoint List Renaming a user waypoint from the User

Waypoint List:
The User Waypoint List (Figure 6-46) allows the
pilot to review, modify, rename, or delete a selected user 1) Select the User Waypoint List, as described in
waypoint, or to delete all user waypoints currently stored this section.
in memory. The top of the page shows the number of 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the
waypoints used and available memory. desired user waypoint.
Reviewing and/or modifying a user 3) Use the small and large right knobs to change
waypoint from the User Waypoint List: the name of the user waypoint (Figure 6-45).
1) Select the User Waypoint List, as described in (Enter the new name directly over the old
this section. name.) Press the ENT Key to accept the new
name.
desired user waypoint (Figure 6-44).
Figure 6-45 User Waypoint Name Selected
Figure 6-44 User Waypoint List Page 4) A ‘rename waypoint’ confirmation window
is displayed (Figure 6-46). With ‘Yes?’
3) Press the ENT Key to display the User Waypoint
highlighted, press the ENT Key to rename the
Page for the selected waypoint. From this page
selected user waypoint.
the pilot may review all information defining
the waypoint and its position.
4) To modify the waypoint’s position or reference
waypoint information, follow the preceding
steps described in this section. Figure 6-46 Rename Waypoint Window
5) To exit the User Waypoint Page, turn the large
right knob to highlight ‘Done?’ and press the
ENT Key.

SECTION 6
WPT PAGES
Deleting a user waypoint from the User Deleting all user waypoints from memory:
Waypoint List: 1) Select the User Waypoint List, as described in
1) Select the User Waypoint List, as described in this section.
this section. 2) Press the MENU Key to display a menu for the
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the User Waypoint List (Figure 6-48).
desired user waypoint.
3) Press the CLR Key to display a ‘delete waypoint’
confirmation window (Figure 6-47).
Figure 6-47 Delete Waypoint Window
4) With ‘Yes?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key to Figure 6-48 User Waypoint List Page Menu
delete the selected user waypoint.
3) With ‘Delete All User Waypoints’ highlighted,
press the ENT Key.
4) A ‘delete all waypoints’ confirmation window
is displayed (Figure 6-49). With ‘Yes?’
highlighted, press the ENT Key to delete all
user waypoints from memory.
Figure 6-49 Delete All Waypoints Window

SECTION 7
NRST PAGES
SECTION 7: NRST PAGES Quickly selecting a NRST page:

1) From any page, press the NRST Key, ‘NRST’
appears along the bottom of the screen (see
7.1 NRST Page Group Figure 7-2).
Section 2.1 introduced the 500 Series’ main page
groups (Table 7-1)—NAV, WPT, AUX, NRST—and de-
scribed each page in the NAV group. This fourth page
group (NRST) provides detailed information for the nine
nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections, and user
waypoints within 200 nm of the current position. In
addition, the NRST pages (Figure 7-1) include the five
nearest Flight Service Station (FSS) and center (ARTCC/
FIR) points of communication, plus alerts the pilot to any
nearby Special Use (SUA) or Controlled Airspaces.
Page Groups
NAV Group WPT Group AUX Group NRST Group 2) Turn the small right knob to select the desired
see Section 2 see Section 6 see Section 8 8 NRST pages NRST page.
Table 7-1 Page Groups
NRST Airport NRST Intersection NRST NDB NRST VOR
NRST User NRST ARTCC NRST Flight Service NRST Airspace

Figure 7-1 NRST Pages

SECTION 7
NRST PAGES
Not all nine nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections, The Nearest ARTCC Page and the Nearest FSS Page
or user waypoints can be displayed on the corresponding present detailed information for up to five nearby facilities,
NRST page at one time. The Nearest Airport Page displays displaying only one facility at a time. Again, the additional
detailed information for three nearest airports, with a scroll information is viewed using the flashing cursor and large
bar along the right-hand side of the page indicating which right knob to scroll through the list.
part of the list is currently being viewed. The Nearest Scrolling through the list of nearest
Airspace Page displays detailed information for up to flight service station or center points of
three special use or controlled airspace alerts. The NRST communication:
pages for VORs, NDBs, intersections, and user waypoints
displays five waypoints at a time. The flashing cursor and 1) Select the desired NRST page, using the steps
large right knob are used to scroll and view the rest of the outlined on the preceding page.
waypoints or airspaces in the list. 2) Press the small right knob to activate the
cursor.
Scrolling through the list of nearest
airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections, user 3) Turn the small right knob to scroll through the
waypoints, or SUAs: list (Figure 7-4).
1) Select the desired NRST page, using the steps
outlined on the preceding page.
cursor.
list. The scroll bar along the right-hand side
of the page indicates which part of the list is
currently being viewed (Figure 7-3).
Figure 7-4 Nearest ARTCC Page

Scroll flashing cursor.
Bar

flashing cursor.

SECTION 7
NRST PAGES
Navigating to a Nearby Waypoint 7.2 Nearest Airport Page

The NRST pages can be used in conjunction with the The Nearest Airport Page displays the identifier, symbol,
500 Series direct-to function to quickly set a course to a bearing, and distance to the nine nearest airports (within
nearby facility, and can provide navigation to the nearest 200 nm of the present position). For each airport listed,
airport in case of an in-flight emergency. the Nearest Airport Page also indicates the best available
Selecting a nearby airport, VOR, NDB, approach, common traffic advisory frequency (CTAF),
intersection, or user waypoint as a direct-to and the length of the longest runway (Figure 7-6).
destination: Best Available
1) Use the flashing cursor to scroll through a NRST Approach
page list (Figure 7-5) and highlight the desired
nearest waypoint, as outlined in Section 7.1. Airport Identifier
Symbol, Bearing
To, and Distance To
Scroll
Tower or CTAF Bar
Frequency and
Longest Runway
Position of
Current Page
within Current
Page Group
The Nearest Airport Page can be configured to exclude
2) Press the Direct-to Key to display the select shorter runways or undesirable runway surface types,
Direct-to Waypoint Page. so that the corresponding airports do not appear on the
3) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected list. The pilot may wish to use this feature to exclude
waypoint’s identifier and press the ENT Key seaplane bases or runway lengths which would be difficult
a second time with ‘Activate?’ highlighted to or impossible to land upon. See Section 8.5, Setup Page:
begin navigating to the selected waypoint. Nearest Airport Criteria for additional details.

SECTION 7
NRST PAGES
Additional communication frequencies, runway 5) To view additional WPT pages for the selected
information, and more are available from the Nearest airport (including the Airport Runway Page and
Airport Page by highlighting the identifier of the desired the Airport Frequency Page) press the small
airport and pressing the ENT Key. right knob to remove the flashing cursor. Turn
Viewing additional information for a the small right knob to display the additional
nearby airport: WPT pages (Figure 7-8). When finished, press
the small right knob to return the flashing
1) Select the Nearest Airport Page, using the steps cursor to the screen.
outlined in Section 7.1.
cursor.
list, highlighting the identifier of the desired
airport (Figure 7-7).
Figure 7-8 Additional WPT Page
6) To return to the Nearest Airport Page, verify

that ‘Done?’ is highlighted by the flashing
cursor and press the ENT Key (or press the
CLR Key).
Figure 7-7 Desired Airport Highlighted
4) Press the ENT Key to display the Airport

Location Page for the selected airport.

SECTION 7
NRST PAGES
7.3 Nearest Intersection Page 7.4 Nearest NDB Page

The Nearest Intersection Page (Figure 7-9) displays the The Nearest NDB Page (Figure 7-10) displays the
identifier, symbol, bearing, and distance to the nine nearest identifier, symbol, bearing, distance, and frequency to
intersections (within 200 nm of the present position). the nine nearest NDBs (within 200 nm of the present
To view additional information for a nearby intersection, position).
start from the Nearest Intersection Page and follow the To view additional information for a nearby NDB, start
preceding steps 2 through 4. from the nearest NDB Page and follow the preceding steps
2 through 4.
Intersection Identifier Bearing To and
and Symbol Distance To Intersection Identifier Bearing To and NDB
and Symbol Distance To Frequency
Scroll
Bar Scroll
Bar
Position of
Current Page Position of
within Current Current Page
Page Group within Current
Current Number of Pages in Page Group
Page Group Current Page Group Current Number of Pages in
Figure 7-9 Nearest Intersection Page Page Group Current Page Group
Figure 7-10 Nearest NDB Page

SECTION 7
NRST PAGES
7.5 Nearest VOR Page Viewing additional information for a

nearby VOR:
The Nearest VOR Page (Figure 7-11) displays the
identifier, symbol, bearing, and distance to the nine 1) Select the Nearest VOR Page, using the steps
nearest VORs (within 200 nm of the present position). outlined in Section 7.1.
For each VOR listed, the nearest VOR Page also indicates 2) Press the small right knob to activate the
the VOR frequency. cursor.
VOR Identifier Bearing To and VOR
and Symbol Distance To Frequency list, highlighting the identifier of the desired
VOR (Figure 7-12).
4) Press the ENT Key to display the VOR Page for
the selected VOR.
Scroll
Bar
Position of
Current Page
within Current
Page Group
Figure 7-11 Nearest VOR Page
Figure 7-12 VOR Page
5) To return to the Nearest VOR Page, verify that

‘Done?’ is highlighted by the flashing cursor
and press the ENT Key (or press the CLR
Key).
flashing cursor.

SECTION 7
NRST PAGES
7.6 Nearest User Waypoint Page 7.7 Nearest Center (ARTCC) Page
The Nearest User Waypoint Page (Figure 7-13) displays The Nearest Center Page (Figure 7-14) displays the
the name, bearing, and distance to the nine nearest user facility name, bearing to, and distance to the five nearest
waypoints (within 200 nm of the present position). ARTCC points of communication (within 200 nm of the
present position). For each ARTCC listed, the Nearest
Waypoint Identifier Bearing To and
and Symbol Distance To Center Page also indicates the applicable frequency(ies).
Bearing To and
Distance To
Cursor on
ARTCC Name
Frequency(ies)
Position of
Current Page
within Current
Page Group Position of
Current Number of Pages in Current Page
Page Group Current Page Group within Current
Page Group
Figure 7-13 Nearest User Waypoint Page Current Number of Pages in
Figure 7-14 Nearest ARTCC Page
To quickly display an ARTCC’s frequency

from the Nearest Center Page:
1) Select the Nearest Center Page, using the steps
outlined in Section 7.1.
cursor (Figure 7-14).
3) Turn the small right knob to scroll through the
list.
flashing cursor.

SECTION 7
NRST PAGES
7.8 Nearest Flight Service Station 7.9 Nearest Airspace Page

(FSS) Page The last page in the NRST group, the Nearest Airspace
The Nearest Flight Service Station Page (Figure Page (Figure 7-16) alerts the pilot to as many as nine
7-15) displays the facility name, bearing to, and distance controlled or special use airspaces near or in the flight
to the five nearest FSS points of communication (within path. Alerts are provided according to the following
200 nm of the present position). For each FSS listed, the conditions:
Nearest Flight Service Station Page also indicates one or • If the projected course will take the aircraft inside
more frequencies. an airspace within the next ten minutes, the alert
For duplex operations, ‘RX’ and ‘TX’ indications message ‘Airspace ahead -- less than 10 minutes’
appears beside the listed frequencies, indicating ‘receive appears. The Nearest Airspace Page shows the
only’ or ‘transmit only’ frequencies. The associated VOR airspace as ‘Ahead’.
is also provided for reference.
• If the aircraft is within two nautical miles of
Bearing To and
Distance To an airspace and the current course will take
the aircraft inside, the message ‘Airspace near
and ahead’ appears (Figure 7-22). The Nearest
Cursor on
FSS Name Airspace Page shows ‘Within 2nm of airspace’.
Frequency(ies)
VOR Identifier (For

Duplex Operation)
Position of
Current Page
within Current
Page Group
Page Group Current Page Group Figure 7-16 Airspace Message
Figure 7-15 Nearest FSS Page
• If the aircraft is within two nautical miles of an
To quickly display an FSS’s frequency from airspace and the current course will not take the
the Nearest Flight Service Station Page: aircraft inside, the message ‘Near airspace less
1) Select the Nearest Flight Service Station Page, than 2nm’ appears (Figure 7-17). The Nearest
using the steps outlined in Section 7.1. Airspace Page shows the airspace as ‘Ahead <
2) Press the small right knob to activate the 2nm’.
cursor (Figure 7-15)
3) Turn the small right knob to scroll through the
list, selecting the desired FSS.

SECTION 7
NRST PAGES
Once an airspace alert message appears, detailed

information concerning the specific airspace is provided
on the Nearest Airspace Page (Figure 7-18). The Nearest
Airspace Page displays the airspace name, status (‘Ahead’,
‘Ahead < 2nm’, etc., as described on the preceding
page), and a time to entry (if applicable). By selecting
any airspace name listed on the Nearest Airspace Page,
additional details are provided—including controlling
Figure 7-17 Airspace Message agency, communication frequencies, and floor/ceiling
limits.
• If the aircraft has entered an airspace, the message
‘Inside Airspace’ appears. The Nearest Airspace Airspace
Name
Page shows ‘Inside of airspace’.
Note that the airspace alerts are based on three- Status and
dimensional data (latitude, longitude, and altitude) to Time to Entry
avoid nuisance alerts. The alert boundaries for controlled
airspace are also sectorized to provide complete
information on any nearby airspace. Once one of the
described conditions exists, the message annunciator Position of
flashes, alerting the pilot of an airspace message. Current Page
Message within Current
Viewing an airspace alert message: Annunciator Page Group
1) When the message annunciator above the Page Group Current Page Group
MSG Key flashes, press the MSG Key. Figure 7-18 Nearest Airspace Page
2) Press the MSG Key again to return to the
previous page. Viewing additional details for an airspace
listed on the Nearest Airspace Page:
1) Select the Nearest Airspace Page, using the
steps outlined in Section 7.1.
cursor.
list, highlighting the desired airspace.

SECTION 7
NRST PAGES
4) Press the ENT Key to display the Airspace To view the frequency for a controlling
Page for the selected nearby airspace (Figure agency:
7-19). 1) Follow the preceding steps 1 through 4 to
Airspace Name Floor/Ceiling display the Airspace Page for the desired
and Type Limits controlled or special use airspace.
‘Done?’ Field
(Return to 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘View
Previous Page) Frequencies?’ and press the ENT Key. (Figure
7-20)
Controlling
Agency
Status and
Time to Entry
Position of
Current Page
within Current
Page Group
Figure 7-19 Airspace Page
5) To return to the Nearest Airspace Page, verify Figure 7-20 Airport Frequency Page
that ‘Done?’ is highlighted by the flashing
cursor and press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the large right knob to scroll through the
list.
flashing cursor. 4) To return to the Airspace Page, turn the large
right knob to highlight ‘Done?’ and press the
ENT Key (or press the CLR Key).
5) To return to the Nearest Airspace Page, turn
the large right knob to highlight ‘Done?’ and
press the ENT Key (or press the CLR Key).
flashing cursor.

SECTION 7
NRST PAGES
The Airspace Page (Figure 7-21) displays (and airspace The bottom right-hand corner of the Airspace Page
alert messages are provided for) the following airspace displays the floor and ceiling limits of the airspace. The
types: following are examples of what may appear as vertical
• Alert • Caution limits for an airspace:
• Class B • Class C • 5000 ft msl (5000 feet mean sea level)
• Class D • CTA • 5000 ft agl (5000 feet above ground level)
• Danger • MOA • MSL (at mean sea level)
• Prohibited • Restricted • Notam (Notice to Airmen)
• TMA • Training • Unknown • Unlimited
• TRSA • Unspecified • See Chart • Surface
• Warning All airspace alert messages, except for prohibited areas,
may be turned on or off from the Airspace Alarms Page.
An altitude buffer is also provided on the Airspace Alarms
Page to provide an extra margin of safety above/below the
published limits (Section 8.4, Setup Page: Airspace Alarms
for additional details).
Figure 7-21 Airspace Page for MOA

SECTION 7
NRST PAGES
Blank Page

SECTION 8
AUX PAGES
SECTION 8: AUX PAGES Quickly selecting an AUX page:

1) From any page, press and hold the CLR Key to
select the Default NAV Page (Figure 8-2). If
8.1 AUX Page Group any of the main pages are already displayed,
Section 2.1 introduced the GPS 500’s main page this step may be skipped.
groups (Table 8-1)—NAV, WPT, AUX, NRST—and
described each page in the NAV group. The third page
group (AUX) allows the pilot to change unit settings. The
AUX pages (Figure 8-1) also provide trip planning, fuel
planning, density altitude, true airspeed, and winds aloft
calculations.
Page Groups
NAV Group WPT Group AUX Group NRST Group
see Section 2 see Section 6 8 AUX pages see Section 7
Table 8-1 Page Groups
2) Turn the large right knob to select the AUX
Page Group (Figure 8-3). ‘AUX’ appears along
the bottom of the screen.
Flight Planning Utility Setup

Figure 8-1 AUX Pages
NOTE: The AUX Page Group may have four AUX

pages available when the GPS 500 installation
includes connection to a weather information
source. See Section 8 of this manual for more
information.
Figure 8-3 Flight Planning Page

AUX page.

SECTION 8
AUX PAGES
8.2 Flight Planning Page 3) Press the ENT Key (Figure 8-5) to display the
desired page.
The Flight Planning Page (Figure 8-4) provides access
(via ‘menu options’) to E6B functions for fuel planning,
trip planning, density altitude/true airspeed/winds aloft
calculations, and a ‘Crossfill’ function to transfer flight
plans/user waypoints to a second 400/500-series Garmin
unit. When a menu option is selected, the corresponding
page appears providing additional information and
features.
Menu Options (to Select,
Highlight with Cursor and
Press the ENT Key)
Figure 8-5 Density Alt/TAS/Winds Page
The following menu options are available:

• Fuel Planning - When equipped with fuel flow
(FF) and/or fuel on board (FOB) sensors, this
option displays current fuel conditions along
the active direct-to or flight plan. The pilot may
Position of also manually enter fuel flow, ground speed (GS)
Current Page
within Current and (in some instances) fuel on board figures for
Page Group planning purposes. Fuel planning figures can be
displayed not only for the currently active flight
Current Page Group Number of Pages in
Current Page Group plan or direct-to, but also point-to-point between
Figure 8-4 Flight Planning Page
two specified waypoints and for any programmed
flight plan.
Selecting a menu option from the Flight Fuel planning figures can be entered and
Planning Page: displayed based upon one of three possible
1) Press the small right knob momentarily, to configurations:
activate the flashing cursor (Figure 8-4). ♦ No fuel sensors connected - In this instance
2) Turn the large right knob to select the desired fuel flow is manually entered and is used
menu option. to calculate fuel on board. When fuel flow
or fuel on board is manually entered, the
figures are retained the next time the page is
displayed (with fuel on board continuously
recalculated).

SECTION 8
AUX PAGES
♦ Fuel flow sensor installed, but no fuel on • Density Alt/TAS/Winds - Indicates the
board sensor - Fuel on board is manually theoretical altitude at which the aircraft can
entered. Fuel flow is automatically provided perform depending upon several environmental
by sensor. If fuel flow is manually entered conditions, including indicated altitude (IND
(to override the sensor), it does not affect the ALT), barometric pressure (BARO), and total air
FOB figure and is not retained the next time temperature (TAT; the temperature, including the
the page is displayed. heating effect of speed, read on a standard outside
♦ Fuel flow and fuel on board sensors installed temperature gauge). This menu option computes
- Fuel flow and fuel on board are automati- true airspeed (TAS), based upon the factors
cally provided by sensors. Fuel on board can above and the calibrated airspeed (CAS). Also,
NOT be entered manually. Fuel flow can be this menu option determines winds aloft (the
entered manually, but does not affect the FOB wind direction and speed) and a head wind/tail
figure and is not retained the next time the wind component, based upon the calculated
page is displayed. density altitude (DEN ALT), true airspeed, aircraft
• Trip Planning - Allows the pilot to view desired heading (HDG), and ground speed.
track (DTK), distance (DIS), estimated time • Scheduler - Displays reminder messages (such as
enroute (ETE), enroute safe altitude (ESA), and ‘Change oil’, ‘Switch fuel tanks’, ‘Overhaul’, etc.).
estimated time of arrival (ETA) information for a One-time, periodic, and event-based messages
direct-to, point-to-point between two specified are allowed. One-time messages appear once
waypoints, or for any programmed flight plan. the timer expires and reappear each time the
This option also displays the sunrise/sunset times GPS 500 is powered on, until the message is
for your destination waypoint (for the selected deleted. Periodic messages automatically reset
departure date). to the original timer value, once the message is
displayed. Event-based messages do not use a
NOTE: Point-to-point waypoints, flight plans, timer, but rather a specific date and time.
and/or ground speed (default is current GPS-
calculated ground speed) entered on the Fuel • Crossfill - Allows the pilot to transfer the active
Planning Page automatically transfers to the Trip flight plan, any stored flight plan, a user waypoint,
Planning Page, and vice versa. or all user waypoints between two 400/500-series
Garmin units in a dual-unit installation. See
Section 4.1, Flight Plan Catalog Options and
information following in this section for details.

SECTION 8
AUX PAGES
Flight Planning Page: Fuel Planning

Performing fuel planning operations:
1) Select ‘Fuel Planning’ from the Flight Planning
Page, using the steps described in Section
8.2.
2) The current fuel planning ‘mode’ is displayed at
the top of the page: ‘POINT TO POINT’ or ‘FPL’
(for a flight plan). To change the mode, press
the MENU Key to display the Fuel Planning
Page Menu for the other mode, then press the Figure 8-6 Fuel Planning Page, Point-to-Point
ENT Key to accept the other mode.
4) For flight plan fuel planning (Figure 8-7), turn
NOTE: The ‘Change Fields?’ option above is only the small right knob to select the desired flight
available on GPS 500 installations which include plan by number (already stored in memory;
a Shadin fuel computer. In these installations, use 00 is the active flight plan). Turn the large
the ‘Change Fields?’ option to review separate right knob to highlight the ‘LEG’ field and
fuel information for left and right engines. turn the small right knob to select the desired
leg of the flight plan, or select ‘Cum’ to apply
3) For point-to-point fuel planning (Figure 8-6), fuel planning calculations to the entire flight
turn the small and large right knobs to enter plan.
the identifier of the ‘from’ waypoint. Once
the waypoint’s identifier is entered, press the
ENT Key to accept the waypoint. The flashing
cursor moves to the ‘to’ waypoint. Again, turn
the small and large right knobs to enter the
identifier of the ‘to’ waypoint and press the
ENT Key to accept the waypoint. OR,
Figure 8-7 Fuel Planning Page, Flight Plan
5) If the fuel management system does not enter

the data automatically, turn the large right
knob to highlight the fuel on board (FOB)
field.

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6) Use the small and large right knobs to enter Flight Planning Page: Trip Planning
the amount of fuel on board. Press the ENT Performing trip planning operations:
Key when finished.
1) Select ‘Trip Planning’ from the Flight Planning
7) The flashing cursor moves to the fuel flow (FF) Page, using the steps described in this
field. Use the small and large right knobs to section.
enter the fuel flow rate. Press the ENT Key
when finished. Note that if a fuel system is 2) The current trip planning ‘leg mode’ is displayed
providing current fuel flow, the fuel flow field at the top of the page: ‘POINT TO POINT’ or
defaults to this value. ‘FPL LEG’ (for a flight plan leg). To change the
leg mode, press the MENU Key to display the
8) The flashing cursor moves to the ground speed Flight Planning Page Menu for the other leg
(GS) field. Use the small and large right knobs mode, then press the ENT Key to accept the
to enter the ground speed. Press the ENT Key other leg mode.
when finished.
3) For point-to-point trip planning, turn the small
9) With all variables entered, the following and large right knobs to enter the identifier
information is provided: of the ‘from’ waypoint. Once the waypoint’s
• REQ - Quantity of fuel required identifier is entered, press the ENT Key to
• LFOB - Left-over fuel on board accept the waypoint. The flashing cursor moves
• LRES - Left-over fuel reserve time to the ‘to’ waypoint (Figure 8-14). Again, turn
the small and large right knobs to enter the
• EFF - Efficiency, expressed in distance per fuel identifier of the ‘to’ waypoint and press the
units (e.g., nautical miles per gallon) ENT Key to accept the waypoint. OR,
• RNG - Range (distance) 4) For ‘flight plan leg’ trip planning, turn the small
• ENDUR - Flight endurance, or total available right knob to select the desired flight plan
flight time (already stored in memory), by number. Turn
10) To reconfigure the data fields press the MENU the large right knob to highlight the ‘LEG’ field
Key to display the options window (Figure (Figure 8-15) and turn the small right knob
8-13). Turn the small right knob to highlight to select the desired leg of the flight plan, or
the ‘change fields?’ option. Press the ENT Key select ‘Cum’ to apply trip planning calculations
to reconfigure the data fields. Turn the large to the entire flight plan.
right knob to select the desired field. Turn
data. Press the ENT Key to select the data
configuration.

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5) Turn the large right knob to highlight the Flight Planning Page: Density Alt/TAS/Winds
departure time (DEP TIME) field (Figure
8-8). Calculating density altitude, true airspeed,
and winds aloft:
1) Select ‘Density Alt/TAS/Winds’ from the Flight
Planning Page, using the steps described at the
beginning of this section.
2) The flashing cursor highlights the indicated
altitude (IND ALT) field. Use the small and large
right knobs to enter the altitude indicated on
the altimeter (Figure 8-9). Press the ENT Key
when finished.
Figure 8-8 Departure Time Field Highlighted

the departure time. Press the ENT Key when
finished. Departure time may be entered in local
or UTC time, depending upon unit settings, see
Section 8.4, Setup Page: Date/Time.
7) The flashing cursor moves to the ground speed
(GS) field. Use the small and large right knobs
to enter the ground speed. Press the ENT Key Figure 8-9 Indicated Altitude Selected
when finished.
3) The flashing cursor moves to the calibrated
8) With all variables entered, the following airspeed (CAS) field. Use the small and large
information is provided: right knobs to enter the airspeed from the
• DTK - Desired track, or desired course airspeed indicator. Press the ENT Key when
• DIS - Distance finished.
• ETE - Estimated time enroute 4) The flashing cursor moves to the barometric
• ESA - Enroute safe altitude pressure (BARO) field. Use the small and large
right knobs to enter the barometric pressure
• ETA - Estimated time of arrival (altimeter setting). Press the ENT Key when
finished.

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5) The flashing cursor moves to the total air Flight Planning Page: Scheduler
temperature (TAT) field. Use the small and
large right knobs to enter the temperature Entering a scheduled message:
(Figure 8-10). Press the ENT Key when 1) Select ‘Scheduler’ from the Flight Planning Page,
finished. using the steps described in this section.
2) The flashing cursor highlights the first message
field. If necessary, turn the large right knob
to highlight the first blank message field.
the message text. Press the ENT Key when
finished. (The GPS 500 stores up to nine
scheduled messages holding 20 characters
each.)
4) The flashing cursor moves to the type field
under the new message. Turn the small right
Figure 8-10 TAT Selected
knob to display a window of available options
6) The flashing cursor moves to the aircraft (Figure 8-11): Event, One Time, Periodic. Press
heading (HDG) field. Use the small and large the ENT Key to select.
right knobs to enter the aircraft heading from
the directional gyro or compass. Press the ENT
Key when finished.
7) With all variables entered, the following
information is provided:
• DEN ALT - Density altitude
• TAS - True airspeed
• WIND - Wind direction and speed
• HEAD/TAIL WIND - Magnitude of head wind
or tail wind component Figure 8-11 Type Field Highlighted
NOTE: If the installation includes components

(such as an airdata sensor) to provide any of the
variables above, the Density Alt/TAS/Winds Page
data defaults to the values provided by these
components.

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5) The flashing cursor moves to the time/date field. Deleting a scheduled message:
Use the small and large right knobs to set the 1) Select ‘Scheduler’ from the Flight Planning Page,
time or date (Figure 8-12) required before using the steps described in this section.
the message is displayed. Time is entered as
hours/minutes/seconds (hhh:mm:ss). Event-
field. Turn the large right knob to highlight
based messages expire at a specific date and
the desired message field.
time. Press the ENT Key when finished.
3) Press the CLR Key to delete the message
text, followed by the ENT Key to confirm the
deletion.
Flight Planning Page: Crossfill
Select ‘Crossfill?’ from the Flight Planning Page, the
Default NAV Page, or Active Flight Plan Page by pressing
the MENU Key, and then scrolling down to ‘Crossfill’ and
pressing the ENT key.
The crossfill method options are Auto or Manual:
• Automatic Operation: If both units are set to
Figure 8-12 Date Field Selected
automatic, a change in the active flight plan of
Editing a scheduled message: one unit is also be seen in the other. Initiating a
direct-to to a waypoint on one unit also initiates a
1) Select ‘Scheduler’ from the Flight Planning Page,
direct-to to the same waypoint on the other unit.
using the steps described at the beginning of
this section. If one unit is set for automatic crossfill and the
other is set for manual crossfill, then only the
auto unit automatically sends data to the manual
field.
unit. In this configuration, the auto unit could be
3) To edit the message text, turn the large right thought of as the master unit.
knob to highlight the desired message field.
• Manual Operation: If manual operation is
Use the small and large right knobs to edit the
desired, the pilot must invoke all transfers
message text—entering the new text directly
from that unit. When a unit is configured for
over the old message. Press the ENT Key when
automatic transfer, a manual transfer can also
finished.
be done on command. If either of the messages
4) To edit the time field, turn the large right ‘data transfer error’ or ‘data transfer cancelled’ are
knob to highlight the field. Use the small and received during an automatic or manual transfer,
large right knobs to edit the new date or the pilot must force another transfer.
time—entering the new value directly over the
old figure. Press the ENT Key when finished.

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Transferring flight plans or user waypoints 3) The flashing cursor highlights the transfer data
to/from a second 400/500-series unit: option (TRANSFER) field. Turn the small right
1) Select ‘Crossfill’ from the Flight Planning Page, knob to display a window of available data
using the steps described at the beginning of options (Figure 8-14).
this section.
2) The flashing cursor highlights the method field.
Turn the small right knob to select ‘Auto’ or
‘Manual’ (Figure 8-13). ‘Auto’ automatically
transfers any selection of (or any change to) a
direct-to destination or active flight plan to a
second 400/500-series Garmin unit.
Figure 8-14 Transfer Window
• Active Flight Plan - Transfer the active flight plan

to/from a second 400/500-series Garmin unit in
a dual unit installation. This option is the default
when selecting ‘Crossfill’ from the Active Flight
Plan Page.
• Flight Plan - Transfer any stored flight plan
Figure 8-13 Crossfill Method Window
to/from a second 400/500-series unit, by selecting
NOTE: Crossfill requires both 400/500-series the flight plan by number. This option is the
units to have the same Jeppesen NavData default when selecting ‘Crossfill’ from the Flight
database cycle number. Plan Catalog Page. See also Section 4.1, Flight
Plan Catalog Page Options.
• User Waypoints (all) - Transfer all stored user
waypoints to/from a second 400/500-series unit.
• User Waypoint - Transfer the specified user
waypoint to a second 400/500-series unit.

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4) Continue turning the small right knob to select 8.3 Utility Page
the desired data option. Press the ENT Key
when finished. The Utility Page (Figure 8-15) provides access (via menu
options) to checklists, a count down/up timer, trip timers,
5) For a stored flight plan (‘Flight Plan’ data trip statistics, RAIM (Receiver Autonomous Integrity
option), the flight plan number field is Monitoring) prediction, software versions, database
highlighted. Turn the small right knob to versions, and terrain database version information. When
select the desired flight plan and press the a menu option is selected, the corresponding page appears
ENT Key. providing additional information and features.
6) For a specified user waypoint (‘User Waypoint’
data option), the waypoint identifier field is NOTE: Scroll down to view the last 3 items
highlighted. Use the small and large right (Software Versions, Database Versions, and
knobs to enter the identifier of the desired user Terrain Database Versions) listed on the Utility
waypoint. Press the ENT Key when finished. Page.
7) The flashing cursor moves to the ‘CROSS-SIDE’ Menu Options (to Select,
field. Turn the small right knob to select ‘To’ Highlight with Cursor and
Press the ENT Key)
or ‘From’ and press the ENT Key.
8) The flashing cursor moves to the ‘Initiate
Transfer?’ confirmation field. Press the ENT
Key to transfer the selected data.
Position of
Current Page
within Current
Page Group

Current Page Group
Figure 8-15 Utility Page

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Selecting a menu option from the Utility • RAIM Prediction - Predicts if GPS coverage is
Page: available for the current location or at a specified
1) Press the small right knob momentarily, to waypoint at any time and date. Receiver
activate the flashing cursor (Figure 8-15). Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM)
performs checks to ensure that the GPS 500
will have adequate satellite geometry during
menu option
the flight. RAIM availability is near 100% in
3) Press the ENT Key to view the selected page Oceanic, Enroute, and Terminal phases of flight.
(Figure 8-16). Because FAA TSO requirements for non-precision
approaches specify significantly better satellite
coverage than other flight phases, RAIM may not
be available when flying some approaches. The
GPS 500 automatically monitors RAIM during
approach operations and warn the pilot if RAIM is
not available. In such cases, use an external LOC
receiver instead for many of the non-precision
and precision approaches stored on the Jeppesen
NavData Card. RAIM prediction helps the pilot
plan for a pending flight to confirm GPS operation
Figure 8-16 Trip Statistics Page during an approach.
The following menu options are available: An ‘INTEG’ annunciation at the bottom left corner
of the screen (Figure 8-17) indicates that satellite
• Checklists - Provides up to nine different user- coverage is insufficient to pass built-in RAIM tests.
defined checklists containing up to 30 items each. When this occurs, the GPS receiver continues to
• Flight Timers - Provides count up/down timers, provide navigation information, but should not
plus automatic recording of departure time and be used for primary navigation guidance. Use an
total trip time. Departure and total trip time alternate navigation source.
recording can be configured to run either any time
GPS 500 power is on, or only when ground speed
exceeds 30 knots.
• Trip Statistics - Provides readouts for trip
odometers, average speed, and maximum speed.
Figure 8-17 ‘INTEG’ Annunciation
These readouts are resettable (individually or all
at once) by pressing the MENU Key to display the
Trip Statistics Page Menu.

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If a ‘WARN’ annunciation appears at the bottom Utility Page: Checklists

left corner, GPS satellite coverage may be
sufficient, but the GPS 500 has detected a position Creating a checklist:
error which exceeds protection limits. In this 1) Select ‘Checklist’ from the Utility Page using
condition, all GPS navigation data on the GPS 500 the steps described at the beginning of this
is disabled. Use an alternate navigation source. section (8.3). Press the ENT Key to display a
• Software Versions - Provides software version list of checklists.
information for the operating software within the 2) Press the MENU Key to display the Checklist
GPS receiver, and main processor board. Page Menu (Figure 8-18). Turn the large right
• Database Versions - Displays the current Jeppesen knob to select ‘Create New Checklist?’ and
database type and expiration date, along with the press the ENT Key.
version and type of built-in land database.
• Terrain Database Versions - Displays the current
version and area of coverage of each terrain and
obstacle database. If a database is found to be
missing and/or deficient, the TAWS system fails
the self-test and issues a failure message.
Figure 8-18 Checklist Page Menu

the name of a checklist. Press the ENT Key
when finished. (Up to nine different checklists
can be created and stored in the GPS 500.)
each checklist item, followed each time by the
ENT Key. Each checklist may contain up to 30
line items of as much as 16 characters long.

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Executing a checklist: Inserting a checklist step into an existing

1) With the Checklists Page displayed, turn the checklist:
large right knob to select the desired checklist 1) With the Checklists Page displayed, turn the
and press the ENT Key. large right knob to select the desired checklist
2) As each checklist item is completed, press the and press the ENT Key.
ENT Key to move to the next item on the list. 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the
Editing a checklist: existing checklist entry which immediately
follows the new checklist step.
1) With the Checklists Page displayed, turn the
large right knob to select the desired checklist 3) Turn the small and large right knobs to enter
and press the ENT Key. the new checklist step. Press the ENT Key
when finished.
2) Press the MENU Key to display an options
menu. Select ‘Edit Item?’ and press the ENT Deleting a checklist or all checklists:
Key, then use the small and large right knobs 1) With the Checklists Page displayed, press the
to edit each checklist item. Press the ENT Key MENU Key to display an options menu.
when finished. 2) Turn the large right knob to select ‘delete
checklist’ or ‘delete all checklists’ and press
the ENT Key.
3) With ‘Yes?’ highlighted on the confirmation
window (figure 8-19), press the ENT Key to
remove the checklist or all checklists from
memory.
Figure 8-19 Delete Checklist Confirmation Window

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Copying a checklist: Utility Page: Flight Timers

1) With the Checklists Page displayed and the
Viewing, using, or resetting the generic
desired checklist selected, press the MENU
timer:
Key.
1) Select ‘Flight Timers’ from the Utility Page,
2) Turn the large right knob to select ‘Copy
Checklist? and press the ENT Key to copy
this section (8.3).
the checklist to an empty checklist memory
location. 2) The flashing cursor highlights ‘Start?’. To start
the generic timer, press the ENT Key. Count up
Sorting the checklists by name or entry:
timers typically begin with this step; however,
1) With the Checklists Page displayed, press the for count down timers, to enter a count
MENU Key to display an options menu. direction and time before starting the timer,
2) Turn the large right knob to select ‘Sort List see the following steps.
By Entry?’ or ‘Sort List By Name?’ and press 3) To change the count direction, turn the large
the ENT Key. right knob to highlight the count direction
field (Figure 8-20): ‘Down’ or ‘Up’. Turn the
small right knob to select the desired count
direction. Press the ENT Key when finished.
Figure 8-20 Count Window
4) For a count down timer, turn the large right

knob to highlight the time field. Use the small
and large right knobs to enter the count down
time—in hours, minutes, and seconds. Press
the ENT Key when finished.

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5) To stop the generic timer, turn the large right Viewing, using, or resetting total trip time:
knob to highlight ‘Stop? and press the ENT 1) Select ‘Flight Timers’ from the Utility Page,
Key. using the steps described at the beginning of
6) To reset the generic timer, turn the large right this section.
knob to highlight the time field. Press the CLR 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the reset
Key, followed by the ENT Key. mode field, under ‘Total Trip Time’ (Figure 8-
Recording or resetting the departure time: 22). The reset mode field indicates ‘Pwr-on’ or
1) Select ‘Flight Timers’ from the Utility Page, ‘GS>30kt’.
this section (8.3).
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the reset
mode field, under ‘Departure Time’. The reset
mode field indicates ‘Pwr-on’ or ‘GS>30kt’.
reset mode (Figure 8-21). ‘Pwr-on’ records a
departure time when the GPS 500 is turned
on. ‘GS>30kt’ records a departure time once
the GPS-computed ground speed exceeds 30
Figure 8-22 Total Trip Reset Mode Window
knots.
reset mode. ‘Pwr-on’ records trip time, in
hours/minutes/seconds, any time the GPS 500
is turned on. ‘GS>30kt’ records trip time any
time the GPS-computed ground speed exceeds
30 knots.
4) Press the ENT Key when finished.
5) To reset the total trip time, turn the large right
knob to highlight ‘Reset?’ and press the ENT
Key.
Figure 8-21 Departure Reset Mode Window
4) Press the ENT Key when finished.

5) To reset the departure time, turn the large right
knob to highlight ‘Reset?’ and press the ENT
Key.

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Utility Page: Trip Statistics Utility Page: RAIM Prediction

Resetting trip statistics readouts: Predicting RAIM availability:
1) Select ‘Trip Statistics’ from the Utility Page , 1) Select ‘RAIM Prediction’ from the Utility Page,
using the steps described at the beginning of using the steps described at the beginning of
this section. this section.
2) Press the MENU Key to display the Trip 2) The flashing cursor highlights the waypoint
Statistics Page Menu with several reset options field. Use the small and large right knobs
(Figure 8-23): to enter the identifier of the waypoint at
• Reset Trip? - Resets trip odometer and average which the pilot wants to determine RAIM
ground speed readouts availability. Press the ENT Key when finished.
(To determine RAIM availability for the present
• Reset Max Speed? - Resets maximum speed
position, press the CLR Key, followed by the
readout only
ENT Key.)
• Reset Odometer? - Resets odometer readout
3) The flashing cursor moves to the arrival date
only
field. Use the small and large right knobs to
• Reset All? - Resets all trip statistics readouts enter the date for which the pilot wants to
determine RAIM availability. Press the ENT
Key when finished.
4) The flashing cursor moves to the arrival time
field. Use the small and large right knobs to
enter the time for which the pilot wants to
determine RAIM availability. Press the ENT
Key when finished.
Figure 8-23 Trip Statistics Page Menu

reset option and press the ENT Key.

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5) The flashing cursor moves to ‘Compute Utility Page: Software Versions

RAIM?’ (Figure 8-24). Press the ENT Key to
The Software Versions Page (Figure 8-25) displays
begin RAIM prediction. Once calculations are
software version information for each of the various
complete, the GPS 500 displays one of the
subsystems contained within the GPS 500. This page
following in the RAIM status field:
is for information purposes only—no user functions are
available from this page.
Figure 8-24 ‘Compute RAIM?’ Highlighted
• RAIM Not Available - Satellite coverage is Figure 8-25 Software Versions Page
predicted to NOT be sufficient for reliable
operation during non-precision approaches Utility Page: Database Versions
• RAIM Available - Satellite coverage is predicted The Database Versions Page (Figure 8-26) displays
to be sufficient for reliable operation during the navigation database type and version information as
all flight phases, including non-precision well as the land database type and version. This page
approaches is for information purposes only—no user functions are
available from this page.
NOTE: RAIM computations predict satellite
coverage within ±15 minutes of the specified
arrival date and time. Refer to Section 8.4 for
specific information regarding RAIM protection
limits, also refer to Section 13 for FDE (Fault
Detection and Exclusion) information.
Figure 8-26 Database Versions Page

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Utility Page: Terrain Database Versions 8.4 Setup Page

The Terrain Database Versions Page (Figure 8-27) The Setup Page (Figure 8-28) provides access (via menu
displays the current version and area of coverage of each options) to airspace alarms, CDI scale adjustment, an
terrain and obstacle database. This page is for information arrival alarm, units of measure settings, position formats,
purposes only—no user functions are available from this map datums, and settings for local or UTC time display.
page. When a menu option is selected, the corresponding page
appears providing access to the various unit settings.
Menu Options (to Select,
Highlight with Cursor and
Press the ENT Key)
Figure 8-27 Terrain Database Versions Page

Position of
Current Page
within Current
Page Group

Current Page Group
Figure 8-28 Setup Page

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Selecting a menu option from the Setup During approach operations the CDI scale
Page: gradually ramps down even further, to 0.3 nm.
1) Press the small right knob momentarily, to This transition normally occurs within 2.0 nm of
activate the flashing cursor. the final approach fix (FAF). If a lower CDI scale
setting is selected (i.e., 1.0 nm or 0.3 nm) the
higher scale settings are not selected during any
menu option, and press the ENT Key (Figure
phase of flight. For example, if 1.0 nm is selected,
8-29).
the GPS 500 uses this for the enroute and
terminal phase and ramp down to 0.3 nm during
an approach. Note that the Receiver Autonomous
Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) protection limits
listed in Table 8-2 follow the selected CDI scale
and corresponding modes:
CDI Scales and Corresponding Flight Phases
Oceanic
Figure 8-29 Units/Position Page
The following menu options are available:
• ‘CDI/Alarms’ - Allows the pilot to define the scale
for the GPS 500’s on-screen course deviation Enroute
indicator. The scale values represent full scale
deflection for the CDI to either side (Figure
8-30). The default setting is ‘Auto’. At this
setting, the CDI scale is set to 5 nm during the Terminal
enroute/oceanic phase of flight. Within 30 nm
of the destination airport the CDI scale gradually
ramps down to 1.0 nm (terminal area). Likewise
when leaving the departure airport the CDI scale Approach
is set to 1.0 nm and gradually ramps UP to 5 nm (for each scale/phase to be available,
beyond 30 nm (from the departure airport). ‘Selected CDI’ must be set to ‘5.00nm’)
Figure 8-30 CDI Scales

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CDI Scale/Flight Phase: RAIM Protection: • ‘Units/Position’ - Allows the pilot to configure
the displayed data to standard or metric units of
Auto (oceanic) 4.0 nm
measure. This setting applies to distance, speed,
±5.0 nm or Auto (enroute) 2.0 nm altitude, fuel, pressure, and temperature. Also
±1.0 nm or Auto (terminal) 1.0 nm provides three magnetic variation (heading)
±0.3 nm or Auto (approach) 0.3 nm options: True, Auto, or User-defined. If ‘Auto’ is
selected, all track, course and heading information
Table 8-2 CDI Scales is corrected to the magnetic variation computed
by the GPS receiver. The ‘True’ setting references
An arrival alarm, provided on the CDI/Alarms all information to true north, and the ‘User’ setting
Page, may be set to notify the pilot with a message corrects information to an user-entered value.
when the aircraft has reached a user-defined Configuration settings for position format are
distance to the final destination (the direct-to also provided, and the map datum setting is
waypoint or the last waypoint in a flight plan). shown. The map datum used in the GPS 500
Once the aircraft has reached the set distance (up is WGS 84. Note that a map datum that does
to 99.9 units), an ‘Arrival at [waypoint]’ message not match the charts can result in significant
is displayed. differences in position information. When using
The Airspace Alarms fields allow the pilot to the paper charts for reference only, the GPS 500
turn the controlled/special-use airspace message still provides correct navigation guidance to the
alerts on or off. This does not affect the alerts waypoints contained in the database, regardless of
listed on the Nearest Airspace Page or the the datum differences.
airspace boundaries depicted on the Map Page. It
• ‘Date/Time’ - Provides settings for time format
simply turns on/off the warning provided when
(local or UTC; 10- or 24-hour) and time offset.
approaching or near an airspace.
The time offset is used to define current local
An altitude buffer is also provided which ‘expands’
time. UTC (also called GMT or Zulu) date
the vertical range above or below an airspace.
and time are calculated directly from the GPS
For example, if the buffer is set at 500 feet, and
satellites’ signals and cannot be changed. To use
the aircraft is more than 500 feet above or below
local time, simply designate the offset by adding
an airspace, the pilot is not notified with an alert
or subtracting the correct number of hours.
message; if the aircraft is less than 500 feet above
or below an airspace and projected to enter it, the • ‘Display Backlight’ - Allows the pilot to adjust the
pilot is notified with an alert message. The default display for optimum viewing in any condition.
is 200 feet. Automatic backlighting is available which uses
a built-in photocell (at the top left corner of
the display bezel) to make the proper display
adjustments without any user intervention. The
pilot may also select manual control of the display
contrast and backlighting of the GPS 500’s display.

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• ‘Nearest Airport Criteria’ - Defines the minimum Setup Page: CDI/Alarms

runway length and surface type used when
determining the nine nearest airports to display Setting the airspace warning messages or
on the Nearest Airport Page. A minimum runway changing the altitude buffer:
length and/or surface type may be entered to 1) Select ‘CDI/Alarms’ from the Setup Page, using
prevent airports with small runways, or runways the steps described at the beginning of this
that are not of appropriate surface, from being section.
displayed. The default settings are ‘0 feet (or 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the
meters)’ for runway length and ‘any’ for runway ‘On’/’Off’ field next to the desired airspace
surface type. type. ‘MOAs & Other Airspace’ includes military
• ‘Data Field Configuration’ - Allows the pilot to operation, alert, caution, danger, training, and
select what type of data is displayed in the data warning areas.
fields along the left-hand side of the display. 3) Turn the small right knob to select ‘On’ or
Available data options are a configurable data ‘Off’, as desired (Figure 8-31). Press the ENT
field (to display information such as ground Key to accept the selection.
speed, track, or distance to destination), or if the
GPS 500 is interfaced with a traffic information
device (see Section 12), thumbnail traffic can be
configured for display in the data field.
Figure 8-31 Class B Alarm Window

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4) To change the altitude buffer, turn the large Setup Page: CDI Scale/Alarms
right knob to highlight the ‘Altitude Buffers’
field (Figure 8-32). Use the small and large Changing the maximum CDI scale:
right knobs to enter the desired buffer 1) Select ‘CDI/Alarms’ from the Setup Page, using
distance. Press the ENT Key when finished. the steps described at the beginning of this
section.
2) The flashing cursor highlights the ‘Selected CDI’
field (Figure 8-33). Turn the small right knob
to select the desired CDI scale. The selected
scale and any lower scale settings are used
during the various phases of flight as described
at the beginning of this section.
Figure 8-32 Buffer Distance Field Selected
NOTE: When an approach has been loaded into

the active flight plan, airspace alert messages
are disabled within 30nm of the destination
airport.
Figure 8-33 Selected CDI Field Highlighted

scale. The ‘System CDI’ field displays the CDI
scale currently in use. The ‘System CDI’ setting
may differ from the ‘Selected CDI’ depending
upon the current phase of flight (as described
previously in this section).

SECTION 8
AUX PAGES
Setting the arrival alarm and alarm Setup Page: Units/Position

distance:
Setting the magnetic variation:
1) Select ‘CDI/Alarms’ from the Setup Page, using
the steps described at the beginning of this 1) Select ‘Units/Position’ from the Setup Page,
section. using the steps described at the beginning of
this section.
‘On’/’Off’ field (directly below ‘Arrival Alarm’). 2) The flashing cursor highlights the heading
mode field. Turn the small right knob to select
3) Turn the small right knob to select ‘On’ or
the desired heading mode: Auto, True, or User
‘Off’, as desired. Press the ENT Key to accept
(Figure 8-35). Press the ENT Key to accept the
the selection.
selection. (The heading modes are described
4) The flashing cursor moves to the alarm distance at the beginning of this section.)
field (to the immediate right of ‘On’ or ‘Off’).
To enter an arrival alarm distance, use the small
and large right knobs to enter the desired
alarm distance. Press the ENT Key when
finished.
NOTE: The CDI scale is always measured in

nautical miles, regardless of the current distance
units of measure selected on the Units/Position
Page.
Figure 8-35 Heading Mode Window
3) If ‘User’ is selected, the flashing cursor moves

to the user value field (to the immediate right of
‘User’). Use the small and large right knobs to
enter the desired magnetic variation direction
and value. Press the ENT Key when finished.

SECTION 8
AUX PAGES
Changing the units of measure: Changing the position format:

1) Select ‘Units/Position’ from the Setup Page, 1) Select ‘Units/Position’ from the Setup Page,
using the steps described at the beginning of using the steps described at the beginning of
this section. this section.
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the
units of measure category (Figure 8-36). ‘Position Format’ field (Figure 8-37).
Figure 8-36 Temp Units Window Figure 8-37 Position Format Window
The following categories, and corresponding units of 3) Turn the small right knob to select the desired
measure, are available: position format.
• DIS, SPD - Distance and speed in Nautical
The following position formats are available:
(nautical miles/knots), Statute (miles/miles
per hour), or Metric (kilometers/kilometers • hddd°mm.mmm’ - Latitude and longitude in
per hour) terms degrees and decimal minutes
• ALT, VS - Altitude and vertical speed in Feet/ • hddd°mm’ss.s’ - Latitude and longitude in
feet per minute, Meters/meters per minute, or degrees, minutes, and decimal seconds
Meters/meters per second • MGRS - Military Grid Reference System
• PRESSURE - Barometric pressure in Inches or • UTM/UPS - Universal Transverse Mercator/
Millibars Universal Polar Stereographic grids
• TEMP - Temperature in degrees Celsius or 3) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected
Fahrenheit format.
• FUEL - Fuel units in Gallons, Imperial Gallons,
Kilograms, Liters, or Pounds
units of measure for the selected category.
Press the ENT Key to accept the selection.

SECTION 8
AUX PAGES
Displaying the map datum: Setup Page: Date/Time

1) Select ‘Units/Position’ from the Setup Page,
Displaying local time or UTC:
this section. 1) Select ‘Date/Time’ from the Setup Page, using
the steps described at the beginning of this
2) The WGS 84 map datum is displayed (Figure
section.
10-38), this field cannot be changed.
2) The flashing cursor highlights the time format
field. Turn the small right knob to display a
window of available time formats: Local 12hr,
Local 24hr, or UTC (Figure 8-39).
Figure 10-38 Units/Position Page
Figure 8-39 Time Format Window
3) Continue turning the small right knob to select

the desired time format.
4) Press the ENT Key to accept the selection.

SECTION 8
AUX PAGES
Setting the local time: Setup Page: Display Backlight

1) Select ‘Date/Time’ from the Setup Page, using
Changing the backlighting intensity:
the steps described at the beginning of this
section. 1) Select ‘Display Backlight’ from the Setup Page,
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the time
this section.
offset field (Figure 8-40).
2) The flashing cursor highlights the backlight
mode field. Turn the small right knob to
select the desired mode: Auto or Manual
(Figure 8-41). Press the ENT Key to accept
the selection.
Figure 8-40 Time Offset Field Selected

the desired offset, beginning by entering a
minus (-) or plus (+) sign to indicate whether
the offset is behind UTC or ahead of UTC. In Figure 8-41 Backlight Mode Window
the United States, all local time offsets use
minus, or behind UTC. 3) If ‘Manual’ is selected, the flashing cursor
moves to the backlight level field. Turn the
small right knob to select the desired level.
offset.
Press the ENT Key to accept the selection.
NOTE: When a local time offset is entered, only
‘Local 12 hour’ or ‘Local 24 hour’ can be selected.
The ‘UTC’ time format setting ignores any time
offset entry.

SECTION 8
AUX PAGES
Setup Page: Nearest Airport Criteria Setup Page: Data Field Configuration
Setting the minimum runway length and Configuring the Auxiliary Data Field:
runway surface: 1) Select ‘Data Field Configuration’ from the
1) Select ‘Nearest Airport Criteria’ from the Setup Page, using the steps described at the
Setup Page, using the steps described at the beginning of this section..
beginning of this section. 2) Turn the small right knob to select an option
2) The flashing cursor highlights the runway from the Auxiliary Configuration Window
surface field (Figure 8-42). Turn the small (Figure 8-43). The following options are avail-
right knob to select the desired surface. The able:
following options are available: • Configurable Data Fields - Displays a user-select-
• Any surface able data field of navigation data (see Table 8-3 for
• Hard surfaces only available options).
• Hard or Soft surfaces • Traffic Watch - If the GPS 500 is connected to
• Water landings only other equipment providing traffic alert informa-
tion, a window is provided to display traffic
information. This allows traffic monitoring from
any page to quickly identify traffic hazards.
Figure 8-42 Surface Type Window
3) Press the ENT Key to accept the runway surface

selection. Figure 8-43 AUX Configuration Window
4) The flashing cursor moves to the minimum
runway length field. To enter a different
minimum runway length, use the small and
large right knobs to enter the desired length.
Press the ENT Key when finished.

SECTION 8
AUX PAGES
NOTE: The ‘Traffic’ selection in the Auxiliary Restoring Factory Settings

Configuration Field is only available if the GPS When making changes to any Setup Page option, a
500 is configured for interface with a traffic ‘Restore Defaults?’ menu selection allows the pilot to
information device (see Section 12). restore the original factory settings (for the selected option
3) Press the ENT Key to accept the data type. only). For example, with the CDI/Alarms Page displayed,
the ‘Restore Defaults?’ option restores all airspace alarms
4) If ‘Configurable Data Fields’ is selected, a
and CDI settings to the original factory values.
second selection field appears. Turn the large
right knob to highlight this second field, then Restoring a Setup Page option to the
turn the small right knob to display a list of original factory settings:
available navigation data types (Table 8-3). 1) Select the desired menu option from the
Continue turning the small right knob to Setup Page, using the steps described at the
select the desired data type and press the ENT beginning of this section.
Key to confirm the selection.
2) Press the MENU Key to display the CDI/Alarms
Page Menu (Figure 8-44).
Abbreviation Data Type
BRG Bearing
CTS Course To Steer
DIS Distance
DTK Desired Track
ESA Enroute Safe Altitude
ETA Estimated Time of Arrival
FLOW Total Fuel Flow
GS Ground Speed
MSA Minimum Safe Altitude
Figure 8-44 CDI/Alarms Page Menu
TKE Track Angle Error
TRK Track 3) With ‘Restore Defaults?’ highlighted, press the
VSR Vertical Speed Required ENT Key.
WPT Active Waypoint
XTK Cross Track Error
Table 8-3
5) Press the small right knob to remove the cursor

and return to the Setup Page.

SECTION 9
VERTICAL NAVIGATION
SECTION 9: VERTICAL Displaying the Vertical Navigation Page:

Press the VNAV key.
NAVIGATION (VNAV)
Target Altitude and Altitude
The GPS 500’s Vertical Navigation Page (Figure 9-2) Reference (AGL or MSL)
allows you to create a three-dimensional profile (Figure
9-1) which guides you from your present position and
altitude to a final (target) altitude at a specified location. Target Distance
This is helpful when you’d like to descend to a certain (from reference)
altitude near an airport or climb to an altitude before Vertical
Vertical Speed Speed
reaching a route or direct-to waypoint. Once the profile is Desired Required
defined, message alerts and additional data on the Default
NAV and Map Pages keep you informed of your progress.
NOTE: To use the vertical navigation features,

the ground speed must be greater than 35 knots Current Page
and direct-to navigation or a flight plan must be Figure 9-2 VNAV Page
activated.
VE
RT
I
CA
L
NA
VI
G
AT
TIME AND DISTANCE

IO
TO PROFILE
N
PR
O
FI
VER
LE
CURRENT ALTITUDE TIC

AND POSITION AL
SPE
ED
RE
QUIR
ED
TARGET ALTITUDE
AND POSITION
DISTANCE TO TARGET
AIRPORT
Figure 9-1 VNAV Profile

SECTION 9
VERTICAL NAVIGATION
Creating a vertical navigation profile: 6) Turn the small right knob to select “Before” or
1) Press the VNAV Key to display the Vertical “After” (Figure 9-4), and press the ENT Key.
Navigation Page. This setting designates whether the offset
distance defines a point before you reach the
target reference waypoint or after you reach
cursor.
the waypoint.
3) With the TARGET ALTITUDE field highlighted
(Figure 9-3), turn the small and large right
knobs to select the target altitude, and press
the ENT Key.
Figure 9-4 Position Window
7) When using a flight plan, the target reference

waypoint itself can be specified from the
Figure 9-3 Target Altitude Selected waypoints contained in the flight plan. By
default, the last waypoint in the flight plan is
4) Turn the small right knob to select “Above selected. To select a different waypoint, turn
Wpt” (AGL) or “MSL” and press the ENT Key. the small right knob to select the desired
“Above Wpt” uses the altitude of a destination waypoint and press the ENT Key.
airport as stored on the Jeppesen NavData 8) The default profile utilizes a 400 foot-per-
card. “MSL” lets you set a specific target minute descent rate. To change the rate, turn
altitude for any waypoint category: airport, the large right knob to highlight the “VS
VOR, NDB, intersection or user waypoint. Profile” field and use the small and large right
5) Turn the small and large right knobs to select knobs to enter a new rate. Press the ENT Key
a distance from the target reference waypoint when finished.
and press the ENT Key. If the target altitude
should occur at the target reference waypoint,
enter a distance of zero.

SECTION 9
VERTICAL NAVIGATION
With the profile set, the vertical speed required (VSR) • At 500 feet above (or below, for a climb) the
is displayed on the Vertical Navigation Page. Expect the target altitude, an “Approaching Target Altitude”
following to occur when using the vertical navigation message is provided (Figure 9-6). The VSR
feature: readout on the Default NAV and Map Pages is
• At one minute prior to reaching the initial descent blanked out, at this point.
point, a message “Approaching VNAV Profile”
(Figure 9-5) occurs. The descent (or climb) angle
also locks to prevent changes in speed from alter-
ing the profile.
Figure 9-6 Target Altitude Message
Figure 9-5 VNAV Profile Message
• If selected, the vertical speed required (VSR)

readout on the default NAV and map pages shows
the desired vertical speed to maintain the proper
descent (or climb) angle.

SECTION 9
VERTICAL NAVIGATION
Vertical navigation messages can be turned on or off. Restoring the factory default VNAV
(By default the messages are off.) Turning the messages settings:
off allows you to keep the profile settings you’ve entered 1) Press the MENU Key to display the Verti-
previously, without having them generate messages when cal Navigation Page Options menu (Figure
the feature isn’t needed. 9-8).
Disabling/enabling the vertical navigation
(VNAV) messages:
1) Press the MENU Key to display the Vertical
Navigation Page Options menu (Figure
9-7).
Figure 9-8 VNAV Page Options Menu
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight “Restore

Defaults?” and press the ENT Key.
Figure 9-7 VNAV Page Options Menu
2) With “VNAV Messages On?” highlighted, press

the ENT Key. Or, if the messages are already
on and you wish to turn them off, make sure
‘VNAV Messages Off?’ is highlighted and press
the ENT Key.

SECTION 10
TERRAIN
SECTION 10: TERRAIN Limitations

NOTE: The data contained in the TERRAIN
NOTE: GPS 500 units may* display either a databases comes from government agencies.
TERRAIN Page or a TAWS Page, (but not both) Garmin accurately processes and cross-validates
depending upon the installed hardware and the data but cannot guarantee the accuracy and
configuration. completeness of the data.
* Some earlier units are not equipped to support the TERRAIN displays terrain and obstructions relative
TERRAIN and/or TAWS functionality, so therefore will not to the altitude of the aircraft. The displayed alerts are
have a TERRAIN or TAWS page available. advisory in nature only. Individual obstructions may
be shown if available in the database. However, all
10.1 INTRODUCTION obstructions may not be available in the database and
data may be inaccurate. Never use this information for
Garmin TERRAIN is a non-TSO-C151b-certified navigation or to maneuver to avoid obstacles.
terrain awareness system incorporated into GPS 500 Terrain information is based on terrain elevation
units to increase situational awareness and aid in information in a database that may contain inaccuracies.
reducing controlled flight into terrain (CFIT). TERRAIN Terrain information should be used as an aid to situational
functionality is a standard feature found in GPS 500 units awareness. Never use it for navigation or to maneuver to
with main software version 6.01 or above, along with avoid terrain.
appropriate hardware upgrades. TERRAIN uses terrain and obstacle information
Operating Criteria supplied by government sources. The data undergoes
verification by Garmin to confirm accuracy of the content,
TERRAIN requires the following to operate properly: per TSO-C151b. However, the displayed information
• The system must have a valid 3-D GPS position should never be understood as being all-inclusive.
solution.
• The system must have a valid terrain/obstacle/
airport terrain database.

SECTION 10
TERRAIN
TERRAIN Alerting Baro-Corrected Altitude

TERRAIN uses information provided from the GPS Baro-corrected altitude (or indicated altitude) is derived
receiver to provide a horizontal position and altitude. by adjusting the altimeter setting for local atmospheric
GPS altitude is derived from satellite measurements. GPS conditions. The most accurate baro-corrected altitude
altitude is converted to a mean sea level (MSL)-based can be achieved by frequently updating the altimeter
altitude (GPS-MSL altitude) and is used to determine setting to the nearest reporting station along the flight
TERRAIN alerts. GPS-MSL altitude accuracy is affected path. However, because actual atmosphere conditions
by factors such as satellite geometry, but it is not subject seldom match the standard conditions defined by the
to variations in pressure and temperature that normally International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) model (where
affect pressure altitude devices. GPS-MSL altitude does pressure, temperature, and lapse rates have fixed values),
not require local altimeter settings to determine MSL it is common for the baro-corrected altitude (as read from
altitude. Therefore, GPS altitude provides a highly the altimeter) to differ from the GPS-MSL altitude. This
accurate and reliable MSL altitude source to calculate variation results in the aircraft’s true altitude differing from
terrain and obstacle alerts. the baro-corrected altitude.
TERRAIN utilizes terrain and obstacle databases that
are referenced to mean sea level (MSL). Using the GPS Using TERRAIN
position and GPS-MSL altitude, TERRAIN displays a 2-D During power-up, the terrain/obstacle database
picture of the surrounding terrain and obstacles relative versions are displayed along with a disclaimer to the pilot.
to the position and altitude of the aircraft. Furthermore, At the same time, TERRAIN self-test begins. A test failure
the GPS position and GPS-MSL altitude are used to is annunciated for TERRAIN as shown in Table 10-4.
calculate and “predict” the aircraft’s flight path in relation
to the surrounding terrain and obstacles. In this manner,
TERRAIN can provide advanced alerts of predicted
dangerous terrain conditions. Detailed alert modes are
described later in this section.

SECTION 10
TERRAIN
10.2 TERRAIN Page NOTE: If an obstacle and the projected flight path
See Section 2.5 for a complete description of the
TERRAIN Page and its operation.
on the TERRAIN Page.
TERRAIN Symbols
The symbols and colors in Figure 10-1 and Table
10-1 are used to represent obstacles and potential
impact points on the TERRAIN Page. TERRAIN
uses yellow (caution) and red (warning) to depict
terrain information relative to aircraft altitude.
Each color is associated with an alert severity level.
Terrain graphics and visual annunciations also use
these color assignments.
Potential Impact Point
Projected Flight Path Terrain above or

within 100 ft
100 ft Threshold below the aircraft
Unlighted Obstacle altitude (Red)
1000 ft
Terrain between 100 ft and 1000 ft below the

aircraft altitude (Yellow)
Terrain more than 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude (Black)
Figure 10-1 Terrain Altitude/Color Correlation
Unlighted Obstacle Lighted Obstacle Potential

Impact
< 1000’ > 1000’ < 1000’ > 1000’ Obstacle Location Alert Level
Points
AGL AGL AGL AGL
Obstacle above or within
Obstacle Symbol
WARNING
100’ below current aircraft
(Red)
altitude
Obstacle between 100’ and
CAUTION
(Yellow)
altitude
Table 10-1 Terrain/Obstacle Colors and Symbology

SECTION 10
TERRAIN
10.3 TERRAIN Alerts Pop-up terrain alerts (Figures 10-3 & 10-4) can also
appear during an alert, but only when the TERRAIN Page
TERRAIN Alerts are issued when flight conditions is not displayed.
meet parameters that are set within TERRAIN software There are two options when an alert is displayed:
algorithms. TERRAIN alerts typically employ either an
ADVISORY or a CAUTION alert severity level, or both. • Press the CLR Key. This acknowledges the
When an alert is issued, visual annunciations are pop-up alert and returns to the currently
displayed. viewed page.
Annunciations appear in a dedicated field in the lower • Press the ENT Key. This acknowledges the
left corner of the display (Figure 10-2). Annunciations pop-up alert and accesses the TERRAIN Page.
are color-coded according to Table 10-2.
TERRAIN Annunciation Field
Figure 10-3 TERRAIN Advisory Pop-up
Figure 10-2 TERRAIN Annunciation Field
NOTE: TERRAIN Advisory Alerts are displayed

as constant black text on a yellow background;
TERRAIN Caution Alerts are displayed as flashing
black text on a yellow background.
Figure 10-4 TERRAIN Caution Pop-up (Flashing)

SECTION 10
TERRAIN
Table 10-2 shows the possible TERRAIN alert types with corresponding annunciations.
Alert Type Annunciation Pop-Up Alert
TERRAIN Failure None
TERRAIN Inhibited None
TERRAIN Not Available None
Required Terrain Clearance (RTC) Advisory
Required Terrain Clearance (RTC) Caution

(FLASHING) (FLASHING)
Imminent Terrain Impact (ITI) Advisory
Imminent Terrain Impact (ITI) Caution

Required Obstacle Clearance (ROC) Advisory
Required Obstacle Clearance (ROC) Caution

Imminent Obstacle Impact (IOI) Advisory
Imminent Obstacle Impact (IOI) Caution

Premature Descent Alert (PDA)
Table 10-2 TERRAIN Alert Summary

SECTION 10
TERRAIN
Table 10-3 shows system status annunciations that may also be issued:
TERRAIN Page
Alert Type Pop-Up Alert
Annunciation
TERRAIN System Test Fail None
TERRAIN Alerting is disabled None
No GPS position or excessively degraded None
GPS signal
System Test in progress None
System Test pass None None
Table 10-3 Additional System Annunciations
Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance

The Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance (FLTA) alert is used by TERRAIN and is composed of:
• Reduced Required Terrain Clearance (RTC) and Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance (ROC) -These alerts are
issued when the aircraft flight path is above terrain, yet is projected to come within the minimum clearance
values in Table 10-4. When an RTC or ROC alert is issued, a potential impact point is displayed on the
TERRAIN Page.
• Imminent Terrain Impact (ITI) and Imminent Obstacle Impact (IOI) - These alerts are issued when the
aircraft is below the elevation of a terrain or obstacle cell in the aircraft’s projected path. ITI and IOI alerts are
accompanied by a potential impact point displayed on the TERRAIN Page. The alert is annunciated when the
projected vertical flight path is calculated to come within minimum clearance altitudes in Table 10-4.
During the final approach phase of flight, FLTA alerts are automatically inhibited when the aircraft is below 200
feet AGL while within 0.5 nm of the approach runway or below 125 feet AGL while within 1.0 nm of the runway
threshold.
Phase of Flight Minimum Clearance Minimum Clearance

Altitude Level Flight (ft) Altitude Descending (ft)
Enroute 700 500
Terminal 350 300
Approach 150 100
Departure 100 100
Table 10-4 Minimum Terrain and Obstacle Clearance Values for FLTA Alerts

SECTION 10
TERRAIN
Premature Descent Alerting TERRAIN Inhibit

A Premature Descent Alert (PDA) is issued when the TERRAIN also has an inhibit mode that deactivates the
system detects that the aircraft is significantly below the FLTA/PDA visual alerts. Pilots should use discretion when
normal approach path to a runway (Figure 10-5). inhibiting TERRAIN and always remember to enable the
PDA alerting begins when the aircraft is within 15 nm system when appropriate.
of the destination airport. PDA alerting ends when the Inhibiting TERRAIN:
aircraft is either:
• 0.5 nm from the runway threshold Key. ‘Inhibit Terrain?’ is selected by default
OR (Figure 10-6).
• at an altitude of 125 feet AGL while within 1.0
nm of the threshold.
700
Height Above Terrain (Feet)
600
500
400
is displayed in the TERRAIN annunciator field
300
when TERRAIN is inhibited (Figure 10-7).
Annunciator Field
200 “Too Low Terrain”
100
Runway 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Threshold
Distance From Destination Airport (nm) Figure 10-7 Annunciator Field
Figure 10-5 PDA Alerting Threshold Enabling TERRAIN:

2) Press the ENT Key. The TERRAIN system is
functional again.

SECTION 10
TERRAIN
TERRAIN Not Available Alert TERRAIN Failure Alert

TERRAIN requires a 3-D GPS navigation solution TERRAIN continually monitors several system-critical
along with specific vertical accuracy minimums. Should items such as database validity, hardware status, and GPS
the navigation solution become degraded or if the aircraft status. If the terrain/obstacle database is not available,
is out of the database coverage area, the annunciation ‘TER FAIL’ is generated in the annunciation window, and
‘TER N/A’ is generated in the annunciation window and ‘TERRAIN FAILED’ is generated on the TERRAIN Page
‘TERRAIN NOT AVAILABLE’ is generated on the TERRAIN (Figure 10-9).
Page (Figure 10-8). When the GPS signal is re-established
and the aircraft is within the database coverage area, the
‘TER N/A’ visual annunciation is removed.
Figure 10-9: TERRAIN FAILED Display
Figure 10-8: TERRAIN NOT AVAILABLE Display

SECTION 10
TERRAIN
10.4 Database Information for Database Versions

TERRAIN The version and area of coverage of each terrain/obstacle
database is shown on the Terrain Database Versions Page,
General Database Information located in the AUX Page Group (Figures 10-10 and 10-
11, also Section 8.3). Databases are checked for integrity
Garmin TERRAIN uses terrain and obstacle
at power-up. If a database is found to be missing and/
information supplied by government sources. The data
or deficient, the TERRAIN system fails the self-test and
undergoes verification by Garmin to confirm accuracy of
displays the TERRAIN system failure message (see Table
the content, per TSO-C151b. However, the displayed
10-3).
information should never be understood as being all-
inclusive. Pilots must familiarize themselves with
the appropriate sectional charts for safe flight.
NOTE: The data contained in the terrain and

obstacle databases comes from government
agencies. Garmin accurately processes and
cross-validates the data, but cannot guarantee
the accuracy and completeness of the data.
The terrain/obstacle databases are contained on a

datacard which is inserted in the right-most slot of the
GPS 500 units (Appendix A). Figure 10-10 Utility Page
NOTE: Obstacles 200’ and higher are included

in the Obstacle Database. It is very important
to note that not all obstacles are necessarily
charted and therefore may not be contained in
the Obstacle Database.

SECTION 10
TERRAIN
Database Updates Terrain/Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage

Terrain/obstacle databases are updated periodically Table 10-5 lists the area of coverage available in each
with the latest terrain and obstacle data. Visit the Garmin database. Regional definitions may change without
website to check for newer versions of terrain/obstacle da- notice.
tabases (compare database cycle numbers to determine if
a newer version is available). Updated terrain data cards Database Coverage Area
may be obtained by calling Garmin at one of the numbers Latitudes: N75 to S60
Worldwide (WW)
listed in the front of this document. Longitudes: W180 to E180
Updating terrain/obstacle databases: Limited to the United States plus
United States (US) some areas of Canada, Mexico,
1) Acquire a new terrain data card from
Caribbean, and the Pacific.
Garmin.
Alaska, Austria, Belgium, Canada*,
2) Turn off the power to the GPS 500.
Caribbean*, Czech Republic,
3) Remove the old terrain data card from and Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
insert the new card into the right-most slot of Germany, Greece, Hawaii, Iceland,
the 500 Series unit. US/Europe Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
4) Turn on the GPS 500 and verify that the Mexico*, Netherlands, Norway,
TERRAIN system passes self-test. Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, United
Kingdom, United States
* Indicates partial coverage
Table 10-5 Database Coverage Areas

SECTION 11
TAWS
SECTION 11: TAWS Limitations

NOTE: The data contained in the TAWS databases
NOTE: GPS 500 units may* display either a comes from government agencies. Garmin
TERRAIN Page or a TAWS Page, (but not both) accurately processes and cross-validates the
depending upon the installed hardware and data but cannot guarantee the accuracy and
configuration. completeness of the data.
* Some earlier units are not equipped to support the TAWS displays terrain and obstructions relative to the
TERRAIN and/or TAWS functionality, so therefore will not altitude of the aircraft. The displayed caution and warning
have a TERRAIN or TAWS page available. alerts are advisory in nature only. Individual obstructions
may be shown if available in the database. However, all
11.1 INTRODUCTION obstructions may not be available in the database and
data may be inaccurate. Never use this information for
TAWS (Terrain Awareness and Warning System) is navigation or to maneuver to avoid obstacles.
a feature to increase situational awareness and aid in Terrain information is based on terrain elevation
reducing controlled flight into terrain (CFIT). TAWS information in a database that may contain inaccuracies.
satisfies TSO-C151b Class B requirements for certification. Terrain information should be used as an aid to situational
Class B TAWS is required for all Part 91 aircraft operations awareness. Never use it for navigation or to maneuver to
with six or more passenger seats and for Part 135 turbine avoid terrain.
aircraft operations with six to nine passenger seats (FAR TAWS uses terrain and obstacle information supplied
Parts 91.223, 135.154). by government sources. The data undergoes verification
TAWS functionality is an available feature found in by Garmin to confirm accuracy of the content, per TSO-
GPS 500 TAWS units with main software version 6.01 or C151b. However, the displayed information should never
above, along with appropriate hardware upgrades. TAWS be understood as being all-inclusive.
provides visual and aural annunciations when terrain and
obstacles are within the given altitude threshold from the TAWS Alerting
aircraft. TAWS uses information provided from the GPS receiver
Operating Criteria to provide a horizontal position and altitude. GPS altitude
is derived from satellite measurements. GPS altitude is
TAWS requires the following to operate properly: converted to a mean sea level (MSL)-based altitude (GPS-
• The system must have a valid 3-D GPS position MSL altitude) and is used to determine TAWS alerts.
solution. GPS-MSL altitude accuracy is affected by factors such
• The system must have a valid terrain/obstacle/ as satellite geometry, but it is not subject to variations in
airport terrain database. pressure and temperature that normally affect pressure
altitude devices. GPS-MSL altitude does not require local
altimeter settings to determine MSL altitude. Therefore,
GPS altitude provides a highly accurate and reliable MSL
altitude source to calculate terrain and obstacle alerts.

SECTION 11
TAWS
TAWS utilizes terrain and obstacle databases that Using TAWS

are referenced to mean sea level (MSL). Using the GPS
During power-up, the terrain/obstacle database versions
position and GPS-MSL altitude, TAWS displays a 2-D
are displayed along with a disclaimer to the pilot. At the
picture of the surrounding terrain and obstacles relative to
same time, TAWS self-test begins. One of the following
the position and altitude of the aircraft. Furthermore, the
aural messages is generated:
GPS position and GPS-MSL altitude are used to calculate
and “predict” the aircraft’s flight path in relation to the • “TAWS System Test OK”
surrounding terrain and obstacles. In this manner, TAWS • “TAWS System Failure”
can provide advanced alerts of predicted dangerous terrain A test failure is also annunciated for TAWS as shown
conditions. Detailed alert modes are described later in in Table 11-4.
this section.
Baro-Corrected Altitude
Baro-corrected altitude (or indicated altitude) is derived
by adjusting the altimeter setting for local atmospheric
conditions. The most accurate baro-corrected altitude
can be achieved by frequently updating the altimeter
setting to the nearest reporting station along the flight
path. However, because actual atmosphere conditions
seldom match the standard conditions defined by the
International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) model (where
pressure, temperature, and lapse rates have fixed values),
it is common for the baro-corrected altitude (as read from
the altimeter) to differ from the GPS-MSL altitude. This
variation results in the aircraft’s true altitude differing from
the baro-corrected altitude.

SECTION 11
TAWS
11.2 TAWS Page NOTE: If an obstacle and the projected flight path
See Section 2.6 for a complete description of the TAWS
Page and its operation.
on the TAWS Page.
TAWS Symbols
The symbols and colors in Figure 11-1 and
Table 11-1 are used to represent obstacles and
potential impact points on the TAWS Page. TAWS
uses yellow (caution) and red (warning) to depict
terrain information relative to aircraft altitude.
Each color is associated with an alert severity level.
Terrain graphics and visual annunciations also use
these color assignments.
Potential Impact Point
Projected Flight Path Terrain above or

within 100 ft
100 ft Threshold below the aircraft
Unlighted Obstacle altitude (Red)
1000 ft
Terrain between 100 ft and 1000 ft below the

aircraft altitude (Yellow)
Terrain more than 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude (Black)
Figure 11-1 Terrain Altitude/Color Correlation for TAWS
Unlighted Obstacle Lighted Obstacle Potential

Impact
< 1000’ > 1000’ < 1000’ > 1000’ Obstacle Location Alert Level
Points
AGL AGL AGL AGL
Obstacle above or within
Obstacle Symbol
WARNING
(Red)
altitude
Obstacle between 100’ and
CAUTION
(Yellow)
altitude
Table 11-1 TAWS Terrain/Obstacle Colors and Symbology

SECTION 11
TAWS
11.3 TAWS Alerts

TAWS Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet
parameters that are set within TAWS software algorithms.
TAWS alerts typically employ either a CAUTION or a
WARNING alert severity level, or both.
When an alert is issued, visual annunciations are
displayed. Aural alerts are simultaneously issued.
Annunciations appear in a dedicated field in the lower
left corner of the display (Figure 11-2). Annunciations
are color-coded according to Table 11-2. Figure 11-3 Caution Alert Pop-up
TAWS Annunciation Field
Figure 11-2 TAWS Annunciation Field Figure 11-4 Warning Alert Pop-up
Pop-up terrain alerts (Figures 11-3 & 11-4) can also

NOTE: Alerts with multiple messages (see Table
appear during an alert, but only when the TAWS Page is
11-2) are configurable at installation and are
not displayed.
installation-dependent.
There are two options when an alert is displayed:
• Press the CLR Key. This acknowledges the NOTE: TAWS Caution Alerts are displayed as
pop-up alert and returns to the currently constant black text on a yellow background;
TAWS Warning Alerts are displayed as constant
viewed page.
white text on a red background.
• Press the ENT Key. This acknowledges the
pop-up alert and accesses the TAWS Page.
NOTE: To further capture the attention of the

pilot, TAWS issues aural (voice) messages that
accompany visual annunciations and pop-up
alerts.

SECTION 11
TAWS
Table 11-2 shows the possible TAWS alert types with corresponding annunciations and aural messages.
TAWS Page
Alert Type Pop-Up Alert Aural Message
Annunciation
Excessive Descent Rate (EDR) Warning “Pull Up”
Reduced Required Terrain Clearance * “Terrain, Terrain; Pull Up, Pull Up”*
(RTC) Warning or or
“Terrain Ahead, Pull Up; Terrain Ahead, Pull Up”
Imminent Terrain Impact (ITI) Warning * Terrain Ahead, Pull Up; Terrain Ahead, Pull Up’*
or or
“Terrain, Terrain; Pull Up, Pull Up”
Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance * “Obstacle, Obstacle; Pull Up, Pull Up”*
(ROC) Warning or or
“Obstacle Ahead, Pull Up; Obstacle Ahead, Pull Up”
Imminent Obstacle Impact (IOI) * “Obstacle Ahead, Pull Up; Obstacle Ahead, Pull Up”*
Warning or or
“Obstacle, Obstacle; Pull Up, Pull Up”
Reduced Required Terrain Clearance * “Caution, Terrain; Caution, Terrain”*
(RTC) Caution or or
“Terrain Ahead; Terrain Ahead”
Imminent Terrain Impact (ITI) Caution * “Terrain Ahead; Terrain Ahead”*
or or
“Caution, Terrain; Caution, Terrain”
Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance * “Caution, Obstacle; Caution, Obstacle”*
(ROC) Caution or or
“Obstacle Ahead; Obstacle Ahead”
Imminent Obstacle Impact (IOI) Caution * “Obstacle Ahead; Obstacle Ahead”*
or or
“Caution, Obstacle; Caution, Obstacle”
Premature Descent Alert (PDA) Caution “Too Low, Terrain”
Altitude Callout “500” None None “Five-Hundred”
Excessive Descent Rate (EDR) Caution “Sink Rate”
Negative Climb Rate (NCR) Caution * “Don’t Sink”*
or or
“Too Low, Terrain”
Table 11-2 TAWS Alerts Summary
* Indicates the default configuration

SECTION 11
TAWS
Table 11-3 shows system status annunciations that may also be issued:
TAWS Page
Alert Type Pop-Up Alert Aural Message
Annunciation
TAWS System Test Fail None “TAWS System Failure”
TAWS Alerting is disabled None None
No GPS position or excessively degraded None “TAWS Not Available”
GPS signal “TAWS Available” is generated when sufficient
GPS signal is re-established.
System Test in progress None None
System Test pass None None “TAWS System Test OK”
Table 11-3 Additional System Annunciations
Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance

The Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance (FLTA) alert is used by TAWS and is composed of:
• Reduced Required Terrain Clearance (RTC) and Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance (ROC) -These alerts are
issued when the aircraft flight path is above terrain, yet is projected to come within the minimum clearance
values in Table 11-4. When an RTC or ROC alert is issued, a potential impact point is displayed on the TAWS
Page.
• Imminent Terrain Impact (ITI) and Imminent Obstacle Impact (IOI) - These alerts are issued when the
aircraft is below the elevation of a terrain or obstacle cell in the aircraft’s projected path. ITI and IOI alerts are
accompanied by a potential impact point displayed on the TAWS Page. The alert is annunciated when the
projected vertical flight path is calculated to come within minimum clearance altitudes in Table 11-4.
Phase of Flight Minimum Clearance Minimum Clearance

Altitude Level Flight (ft) Altitude Descending (ft)
Enroute 700 500
Terminal 350 300
Approach 150 100
Departure 100 100
Table 11-4 Minimum Terrain and Obstacle Clearance Values for FLTA Alerts
During the final approach phase of flight, FLTA alerts are automatically inhibited when the aircraft is below 200
feet AGL while within 0.5 nm of the approach runway or below 125 feet AGL while within 1.0 nm of the runway
threshold.

SECTION 11
TAWS
Premature Descent Alerting TAWS Inhibit

A Premature Descent Alert (PDA) is issued when the TAWS also has an inhibit mode that deactivates the
system detects that the aircraft is significantly below the FLTA/PDA aural and visual alerts. Pilots should use
normal approach path to a runway (Figure 11-5). discretion when inhibiting TAWS and always remember
PDA alerting begins when the aircraft is within 15 nm to enable the system when appropriate. Only the FLTA
of the destination airport. PDA alerting ends when the air- and PDA alerts are disabled in the inhibit mode.
craft is either: Inhibiting TAWS:
• 0.5 nm from the runway threshold 1) Select the TAWS Page and press the MENU Key.
OR ‘Inhibit Terrain?’ is selected by default (Figure
• at an altitude of 125 feet AGL while within 1.0 11-6).
nm of the threshold.
700
600
500 Figure 11-6 TAWS Page Menu

400
300 is displayed in the TAWS annunciator field
when TAWS is inhibited (Figure 11-7).
200 “Too Low Terrain”
Annunciator Field
100
Runway 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Threshold
Distance From Destination Airport (nm)
Figure 11-7 Annunciator Field
Figure 11-5 PDA Alerting Threshold
Enabling TAWS:
2) Press the ENT Key. The TAWS system is
functional again.

SECTION 11
TAWS
Excessive Descent Rate Alert

The purpose of the Excessive Descent Rate (EDR) alert is to provide suitable notification when the aircraft is deter-
mined to be closing (descending) upon terrain at an excessive speed. Figure 11-8 shows the parameters for the alert as
defined by TSO-C151b.
6000
5500
5000
4500
"
TE
4000
K RA
IN
3500 "S
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000 "PULL UP"

500
0
2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000
Descent Rate (FPM)
Figure 11-8 Excessive Descent Rate Alert Criteria

SECTION 11
TAWS
Negative Climb Rate After Takeoff Alert (NCR)

The purpose of the Negative Climb Rate (NCR) After Takeoff alert (also referred to as “Altitude Loss After Takeoff”) is
to provide suitable alerts to the pilot when the system determines that the aircraft is losing altitude (closing upon terrain)
after takeoff. The aural message “Don’t Sink” is given for NCR alerts, accompanied by an annunciation and a pop-up
terrain alert on the display. NCR alerting is only active when departing from an airport and when the following condi-
tions are met:
• The height above the terrain is less than 700 feet.
• The distance from the departure airport is 2 nm or less.
• The heading change from the heading at the time of departure is less than 110 degrees.
Figure 11-9 shows two figures which illustrate the NCR alerting parameters as defined by TSO-C151b. The NCR alert
is issued when the altitude loss and height are within the range in the first figure, or when the sink rate (negative vertical
speed) and height are within the range in the second figure.
1000
800
600
400
“DON’T SINK”
200
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Altitude Loss (Feet)

1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300 “DON’T SINK”
200
100
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000
Sink Rate (Feet Per Minute)
Figure 11-9 Negative Climb Rate (NCR) Alert Criteria

SECTION 11
TAWS
‘Five-Hundred’ Aural Alert TAWS Failure Alert

The purpose of the aural alert message “Five-Hundred” TAWS continually monitors several system-critical
is to provide an advisory alert to the pilot that the air- items such as database validity, hardware status, and GPS
craft is 500 feet above terrain. When the aircraft descends status. If the terrain/obstacle database is not available,
within 500 feet of terrain, the aural message “Five-Hun- the aural message “TAWS System Failure” is generated
dred” is generated. There are no display annunciations or along with ‘TER FAIL’ in the annunciation window, and
pop-up alerts that accompany the aural message. ‘TERRAIN FAILED’ on the TAWS Page (Figure 11-11).
TAWS Not Available Alert

TAWS requires a 3-D GPS navigation solution along
with specific vertical accuracy minimums. Should the
navigation solution become degraded or if the aircraft is out
of the database coverage area, the annunciation ‘TER N/A’
is generated in the annunciation window and ‘TERRAIN
NOT AVAILABLE’ is generated on the TAWS Page (Figure
11-10). The aural message “TERRAIN Not Available” is
generated. When the GPS signal is re-established and
the aircraft is within the database coverage area, the
Figure 11-11: TAWS FAILED Display
‘TER N/A’ visual annunciation is removed (there is no
associated aural message).
Figure 11-10: TAWS NOT AVAILABLE Display

SECTION 11
TAWS
11.4 Database Information for TAWS Database Versions

The version and area of coverage of each terrain/obstacle
General Database Information database is shown on the Terrain Database Versions Page,
Garmin TAWS uses terrain and obstacle information located in the AUX Page Group (Figures 11-12 and 11-
supplied by government sources. The data undergoes 13, also Section 8.3). Databases are checked for integrity
verification by Garmin to confirm accuracy of the content, at power-up. If a database is found to be missing and/or
per TSO-C151b. However, the displayed information deficient, the TAWS system fails the self-test and displays
should never be understood as being all-inclusive. the TAWS system failure message (see Table 11-3).
Pilots must familiarize themselves with the
appropriate sectional charts for safe flight.
NOTE: The data contained in the terrain and

obstacle databases comes from government
agencies. Garmin accurately processes and
cross-validates the data, but cannot guarantee
the accuracy and completeness of the data.
The terrain/obstacle databases are contained on a

datacard which is inserted in the right-most slot of the
GPS 500 units (Appendix A). Figure 11-12 Utility Page
NOTE: Obstacles 200’ and higher are included

in the Obstacle Database. It is very important
to note that not all obstacles are necessarily
charted and therefore may not be contained in
the Obstacle Database.

SECTION 11
TAWS
Database Updates Terrain/Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage

Terrain/obstacle databases are updated periodically Table 11-5 lists the area of coverage available in each
with the latest terrain and obstacle data. Visit the Garmin database. Regional definitions may change without
website to check for newer versions of terrain/obstacle da- notice.
tabases (compare database cycle numbers to determine if
a newer version is available). Updated terrain data cards Database Coverage Area
may be obtained by calling Garmin at one of the numbers Latitudes: N75 to S60
Worldwide (WW)
listed in the front of this document. Longitudes: W180 to E180
Updating terrain/obstacle databases: Limited to the United States plus
United States (US) some areas of Canada, Mexico,
1) Acquire a new terrain data card from
Caribbean, and the Pacific.
Garmin.
Alaska, Austria, Belgium, Canada*,
2) Turn off the power to the GPS 500.
Caribbean*, Czech Republic,
3) Remove the old terrain data card from and Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
insert the new card into the right-most slot of Germany, Greece, Hawaii, Iceland,
the 500 Series unit. US/Europe Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
4) Turn on the GPS 500 and verify that the TAWS Mexico*, Netherlands, Norway,
system passes self-test. Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, United
Kingdom, United States
* Indicates partial coverage
Table 11-5 Database Coverage Areas

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
SECTION 12: ADDITIONAL NOTE: Proximity Advisories and Other Traffic

symbols normally displayed in white may be
FEATURES displayed in cyan if configured for alternate traffic
color (see the 500 series installation manual).
CAUTION: The Weather Data Link and TIS
information contained in this section is not 12.1 Traffic Information Service (TIS)
intended to replace the documentation that is
supplied with the GDL 49, the GDL 69(A) Data
Interface
Link, and the GTX 330 Transponder. This section is written for:
• Garmin GPS 500 Series Main System Software
CAUTION: TIS is not intended to be used as a
Version 6.01 and later
collision avoidance system and does not relieve
pilot responsibility to ‘see and avoid’ other • GTX 330/330D Main Software Version 4.01 and
aircraft. TIS should not be used for avoidance later
maneuvers during Instrument Meteorological
Some differences in operation may be observed when
Conditions (IMC) or other times when there is
no visual contact with the intruder aircraft. TIS
comparing the information in this manual to earlier or
is intended only to assist in visual acquisition later software versions.
of other aircraft in Visual Meteorological
Conditions (VMC). Avoidance maneuvers are NOTE: This section is written exclusively for 500
not recommended, nor authorized, as a direct Series units that are configured with the GTX
result of a TIS intruder display or TIS alert. 330 Mode S Transponder. Refer to the 400/500
Series Display Interfaces Pilot’s Guide Addendum
NOTE: Garmin is not responsible for Mode S (190-00140-10) when interfacing with non-
geographical coverage. Operation of the ground Garmin products.
stations is the responsibility of the FAA. Refer
to the Aeronautical Information Manual for a TIS Operation
Terminal Mode S Radar Site Map covering the
The Traffic Information Service (TIS) provides a
U.S.
graphic display of traffic advisory information in the
NOTE: This Section assumes the user has cockpit for non-TCAS equipped aircraft. TIS is a ground-
experience operating the 500 Series unit and based service providing relative location of aircraft tracked
the Garmin GTX 330 Transponder. by ATC radar within a specified service volume. The TIS
ground sensor uses real-time track reports to generate
NOTE: TIS and Weather Data Link displays
traffic notification. TIS Traffic display is available to aircraft
are available only when 500 Series units are
configured with the GTX 330 Mode S Transponder
equipped with a Mode S Data Link, such as the Garmin
and a GDL 49 or GDL 69(A) Data Link Satellite GTX 330 Transponder. TIS traffic information from a
Receiver. GTX 330 Transponder can then be displayed on a 500
Series unit. Surveillance data includes aircraft tracked by
ATC radar within the coverage volume. Aircraft without
an operating transponder are invisible to TIS.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
TIS displays up to eight traffic targets within 7 nautical TIS Limitations

miles horizontally from 3000 feet below to 3500 feet
above the requesting aircraft (Figure 12-1). NOTE: This section on TIS Limitations is not
comprehensive. Garmin recommends the
user review the TIS Limitations section of the
3,500 ft Aeronautical Information Manual, Section
1-3-5.
7.0 nm TIS is not intended to be used as a collision avoidance

system and does not relieve the pilot responsibility to
‘see and avoid’ other aircraft. TIS should not be used for
avoidance maneuvers during IMC or other times when
3,000 ft there is no visual contact with the intruder aircraft. TIS
is intended only to assist in visual acquisition of other
Not to Scale aircraft in VMC. No recommended avoidance maneuvers
are provided for, nor authorized, as a direct result of a TIS
Figure 12-1 TIS Coverage Volume intruder display or TIS advisory.
TIS Operational Procedures NOTE: The main difference between TIS and TCAS
is the source of surveillance data. TCAS uses an
TIS warns the user with voice and visual traffic airborne interrogator with a half-second update
advisories when it predicts an intruder to be a threat. rate, while TIS uses the terminal Mode S ground
The user should not start evasive maneuvers using interrogator and its Data Link to provide about
information from the GPS 500 display or on a traffic a 4-second update rate. The range accuracy of
advisory only. The display and advisories are intended TIS and TCAS is similar.
only for assistance in visually locating the traffic, due to
the lack in resolution and coordination ability. The flight While TIS is a useful aid to visual traffic avoidance, it
crew should attempt to visually acquire the intruder has some system limitations that must be fully understood
aircraft and maintain a safe separation in accordance with to ensure proper use. Many of these limitations are
regulatory requirements and good operating practice. If inherent in secondary radar surveillance. In other words,
the flight crew cannot visually acquire the aircraft, they the information provided by TIS is no better than that
should contact ATC to obtain any information that may provided to ATC. TIS only displays aircraft with operating
assist concerning the intruder aircraft. Based on the above transponders installed.
procedures, minor adjustment to the vertical flight path TIS relies on surveillance of the Mode S radar, which
consistent with air traffic requirements are not considered is a ‘secondary surveillance’ radar similar to the ATCRBS.
evasive maneuvers. TIS operation may be intermittent during turns or other
maneuvering. TIS is dependent on two-way, ‘line-of-
sight’ communications between the aircraft and the
Mode S radar. When the structure of the client aircraft

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
comes between the transponder antenna (usually located The preceding errors are relatively rare occurrences
on the underside of the aircraft) and the ground-based and are corrected in a few radar scans once the course has
radar antenna, the signal may be temporarily interrupted. stabilized.
Other limitations and anomalies associated with TIS are Users of TIS can render valuable assistance in the
described in the AIM, Section 1-3-5. correction of malfunctions by reporting their observations
of undesirable performance.
TIS is unavailable at low altitudes in many areas Reporters should identify:
of the U.S., particularly in mountainous regions.
Also, when flying near the ‘floor’ of radar cov-
• Time of observation
erage in a particular area, intruders below the • Location, type, and identity of aircraft
client aircraft may not be detected by TIS.
• Condition observed
TIS information is collected one radar scan prior to • Type of transponder, processor, and software in
the scan during which the uplink occurs. Therefore, the use
surveillance information is approximately 5 seconds old.
Since TIS performance is monitored by maintenance
In order to present the intruders in a ‘real time’ position,
personnel rather than ATC, it is suggested that malfunctions
the TIS ground station uses a predictive algorithm in
be reported in the following ways:
its tracking software. This algorithm uses track history
data to extrapolate intruders to their expected positions • By telephone to the nearest Flight Service Station
consistent with the time of display in the cockpit. (FSS) facility.
Occasionally, aircraft maneuvering causes this algorithm • By FAA Form 8000-7, Safety Improvement
to induce errors in the 500 Series display. These errors Report, a postage-paid card designed for this
primarily affect relative bearing information and traffic purpose. These cards may be obtained at FAA
target track vector (it lags); intruder distance and altitude FSS’s, General Aviation District Offices, Flight
remain relatively accurate and may be used to assist in Standards District Offices, and General Aviation
“see and avoid”. Some of the more common examples of Fixed Based Operations.
these errors follow:
• When client or intruder aircraft maneuvers
excessively or abruptly, the tracking algorithm
may report incorrect horizontal position until the
maneuvering aircraft stabilizes.
• When a rapidly closing intruder is on a course
that crosses the client aircraft course at a shallow
angle (either overtaking or head on) and either
aircraft abruptly changes course within .25 nm,
TIS may display the intruder on the wrong side of
the client.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
TIS Audio Alerting Altitude trend is displayed as an up arrow (> +500

The TIS audio alert is generated when the number of fpm), down arrow (< -500 fpm), or no symbol if less than
Traffic Advisories (TA) on the 500 Series display increases 500 fpm rate in either direction.
from one scan to the next. Limiting TAs only reduces The traffic ground track vector protrudes from each
‘nuisance’ alerting due to proximate aircraft. For example, symbol in the direction of travel.
when the first TAs appears on the TIS display, the user is Traffic Type Symbol
alerted audibly. As long as a single aircraft remains on Traffic Advisory
the TIS display, no further audio alert is generated. If a
Out-of-Range Traffic Advisory
second (or more) TAs appears on the display, a new audio
alert is sounded. Other Traffic
If the number of TAs on the TIS display decreases
and then increases, a new audio alert is sounded. A TIS Table 12-1 TIS Symbology
audio alert is also generated when TIS service becomes
‘Other’ (Intruder) Traffic Ground
unavailable. The volume, pitch, and duration of the audio Traffic Symbol Track Vector
alert (including the choice between a male or female voice)
is configured during installation.
Traffic Advisory
The following TIS audio alerts are available: (TA) Symbol
• ‘Traffic’ - TIS traffic alert is received. ‘Own’ (Client)
• ‘Traffic Not Available’ - TIS service is not available Aircraft Symbol
or out of range.
TIS Symbology
TIS traffic is displayed on the 500 Series unit according
to TCAS symbology on a dedicated Traffic page, and on
Figure 12-2 Traffic Page
the moving Map Page. The symbology is shown in Table
12-1, and Figures 12-2, 12-3, and 12-4. The symbology
Out-of-Range
is described in Table 12-2. A Traffic Advisory (TA) symbol Traffic Advisory
appears as a solid yellow circle (or half circle on the outer (TA) Symbol
range ring if the traffic is outside the range of the dedicated
Traffic Page). Other Traffic is displayed as hollow white
(may be configured as cyan) diamonds.
Altitude deviation from own (client) aircraft altitude is
displayed (in hundreds of feet) for each target symbol. If
traffic is above own aircraft altitude the deviation is shown
above the target next to a ‘+’ symbol. If traffic is below
own aircraft altitude the deviation is shown below the
target next to a ‘-’ symbol. Figure 12-3 Out-of Range TA Symbol

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Altitude Traffic Page

Deviation
TIS Traffic data is displayed on the Traffic Page (Figure
12-5) and the Map Page. Unlike other forms of traffic, TIS
Altitude traffic does not require heading data to be valid on the map.
Trend
The only difference between TIS and other traffic data
occurs on the Traffic Page. If heading is available, then the
traffic data is compensated and displayed as heading-up. If
it is not available, the Traffic Page is a track-up display. It is
Figure 12-4 Altitude Trend and Deviation labeled on the upper portion of the Traffic Page.
Heading or Track
Up Indicator
Traffic Type Description Mode
Selection
Traffic This symbol (solid yellow circle) is generated Field
Advisory (TA) when an intruder aircraft approaches on a
course that projects to intercept (defined by
a 0.5 nm horizontal radius and a relative
altitude of ± 500 ft) the pilot’s current
course within 34 seconds.
Out-of- This solid yellow half circle appears under
Range Traffic the same conditions and has the same
Advisory urgency as a TA. Its appearance differs from
the TA only to signify that the intruder is Figure 12-5 Traffic Page
outside of the current range of the Traffic
Page.
Other Traffic This symbol (hollow white diamond)
Symbol represents traffic detected within the
selected display range that does not meet
the criteria for a TA. (May be configured as
cyan).
Traffic The target track vector is a short line
Ground Track displayed in 45° increments. The vector
protrudes from each target symbol in the
approximate direction of travel.
Table 12-2 TIS Options

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
TIS Traffic Display Status and Pilot Response • FAILED - ‘FAILED’ is displayed when the GTX
330 has indicated it has failed (Figure 12-8). The
• AGE - If traffic data is not refreshed within 6 pilot should see the installer for corrective action.
seconds, an age indicator (e.g., ‘AGE 00:12’) is
displayed in the lower right corner of the display
(when displaying traffic). See Figure 12-6. After
another 6 seconds, if data is still not received,
the traffic is removed from the display. The pilot
should be aware that the quality of displayed
traffic is reduced in this condition.
Figure 12-8 ‘Failed’ Message
• NO DATA - ‘NO DATA’ is displayed when no data

Traffic is being received from the GTX 330 (Figure 12-9).
Coasting
Banner The pilot should be aware that this status may be
and Age
Indicator a normal mode of operation in a dual transponder
installation where the GTX 330 with TIS is not the
Figure 12-6 Traffic Age Indicator and Coasting Banner selected transponder.
• DATA FAIL - ‘DATA FAIL’ is displayed when data

is being received from GTX 330 (Figure 12-7),
but there was a failure detected in the data stream.
The pilot should see the installer for corrective
action.
Figure 12-9 ‘No Data’ Message

• OPER - When the Traffic Page displays OPER in
the upper right hand corner of the display (Figure
12-11), the TIS system is in operational mode and
available to display traffic on the Traffic or Map
Page.
Figure 12-7 ‘Data Fail’ Message

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
• STANDBY - When the Traffic Page displays • UNAVAIL - When a 60 second period elapses with
STANDBY (Figure 12-10), the TIS system is in no data, TIS is considered to be unavailable. This
standby mode and cannot display traffic data. state is indicated by the text ‘UNAVAIL’ (Figure
12-12). The pilot should be aware that ‘UNAVAIL’
could indicate a TIS coverage limitation due to a
line-of-sight situation, a low altitude condition,
or a result of flying directly over the radar site
providing coverage (cone of silence).
Figure 12-10 ‘Standby’ Message

• TRFC CST - The ‘TRFC CST’ (traffic coasting)
banner (located above the ‘AGE’ indicator in
Figure 12-6) indicates that displayed traffic is held
even though the data is stale. The pilot should
be aware that the quality of displayed traffic is Figure 12-12 ‘UNAVAIL’ Message
reduced in this condition.
Traffic Warning Window
• TRFC RMVD - The ‘TRFC RMVD’ banner (Figure
When the unit is on any page (other than the NAV
12-11) indicates that traffic has been removed
Traffic Page) and a traffic threat is imminent, the Traffic
from the display due to the age of the data being
Warning Window is displayed (Figure 12-13). The Traffic
too old to ‘coast’ (for the time period of 10-60
Warning Window shows a small thumbnail map which
seconds from the last receipt of a TIS message).
can take the user to the Traffic Page by pressing the ENT
The pilot should be aware that traffic may be
Key, or go back to the previous page by pressing the CLR
present but not shown.
Key.
Traffic
Removed
Banner
and Age Figure 12-13 Traffic Warning Window
Indicator
NOTE: The Traffic Warning Window is disabled
Figure 12-11 Traffic Removed Banner when the aircraft ground speed is less than 30
knots or when an approach is active.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Non-Bearing Traffic Advisory (TA) Banner Map Page

Traffic is only displayed graphically if aircraft heading TIS traffic is displayed on the Map Page (Figure 12-15)
data is available. When heading is not available, Traffic in addition to the Traffic Page. When a Traffic Advisory
Advisories are displayed as non-bearing banners. The is active, the Traffic Banner is displayed in the lower right
banner shown in Figure 12-14 consists of (left to right): corner of the Map Page.
Non-
Bearing Traffic
Traffic Advisory
Advisory Banner
Banner
Figure 12-14 Non-Bearing TA Banner Figure 12-15 Map Page Displaying Traffic
• The ‘TA’ annunciation.
• The distance in miles ‘1.5’, from the client
aircraft’s present position to the intruder aircraft.
• A ‘+’ or ‘-’ symbol indicating whether the intruder
aircraft is above (+) or below (-) the client aircraft.
• The difference in altitude ‘04’ (shown in hundreds
of feet) between the intruder aircraft and the client
aircraft.
• An up or down arrow indicating that the intruder
aircraft is climbing or descending at a rate greater
than 500 fpm.
Traffic Page Display Range
Various display ranges can be selected for optimal
display of TIS traffic information.
Changing the display range on the Traffic
Page:
Press the RNG Key to zoom through the range
selections which are: 12/6 nm, 6/2 nm, and 2
nm.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Configuring TIS traffic on the Map Page: Thumbnail Traffic on Map Page
1) Turn the small right knob to select the Map The Map Page can display traffic in a thumbnail format
Page. in any of the top three data fields on the right side of the
2) Press the MENU key. Turn the small right Map Page.
knob to select ‘Setup Map’? and press the ENT Displaying Thumbnail Traffic on the Map
Key. Page:
3) The flashing cursor highlights the GROUP field. 1) Turn the small right knob to select the Map
Turn the small right knob to select ‘Traffic’ Page.
(Figure 12-16) and press the ENT Key.
2) Press the MENU Key to display the Page
Menu.
3) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Change
Fields?’ and press the ENT Key.
4) Select one of the top three configurable fields.
Select ‘TRFC’ from the Select Field Type List and
Figure 12-16 Map Setup Window press the ENT Key. Note that the thumbnail
4) Turn the large right knob to select the desired range defaults to 6 nm and cannot be changed
Traffic Mode option. Turn the small right knob (Figure 12-17).
to select the desired option and press the ENT
Key. Repeat the step for Traffic Symbol and
Traffic Label.
5) Press the CLR Key to return the Map Page.
The traffic mode selection menu allows the user to
choose from the following:
• All trfc - All traffic is displayed on the Map Page.
• TA/PA - Only traffic and proximity advisories are
displayed on the Map Page (proximity advisories Figure 12-17 Thumbnail Traffic on Map Page
are not applicable to TIS configuration).
• TA only - Only traffic advisories are displayed on
the Map Page.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Highlighting TIS Traffic Using Map Page Power-Up Test

Panning The TIS interface performs an automatic test during
Another Map Page feature is panning, which allows the power-up.
pilot to move the map beyond its current limits without
adjusting the map scale. Press the small right knob to • If the system passes the power-up test, the
select the panning function, a target pointer flashes on the Standby Screen appears on the Traffic Page.
map display. A window appears at the top of the map • If the system passes the power-up test and the
display showing the latitude/longitude position of the aircraft is airborne (as determined by system
pointer, plus the bearing and distance to the pointer from configuration at the time of installation, see the
the present position. installer for detailed criteria information), traffic is
displayable on the Traffic Page in operating mode.
Activating the panning feature and panning
the map display: • If the system fails the power-up test, one of the
1) Press the small right knob to activate the messages listed in Table 12-3 will be displayed .
panning target pointer. See the installer for corrective action if the ‘DATA
FAIL’, or ‘FAILED’ message is displayed.
2) Turn the small right knob to move up (turn
clockwise) or down (counterclockwise). Message Description
3) Turn the large right knob to move right (turn FAILED GTX 330 has failed
clockwise) or left (counterclockwise).
Data is being received from the GTX 330,
4) To cancel the panning function and return to DATA FAIL
but a failure was detected in the data stream
the present position, press the small right
NO DATA Data is not being received from the GTX 330
knob.
Table 12-3 Power-up Messages
When the target pointer is placed on traffic, the traffic
range and altitude separation are displayed (Figure 12-18). NOTE: ‘NO DATA’ may be a normal mode of
operation in a dual transponder installation
Traffic Range
and Altitude where the GTX 330 with TIS is not the selected
Separation transponder.
Target
Pointer
Figure 12-18 Traffic Range and Altitude Separation

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Manual Override Flight Procedures

The user can manually switch between standby (STBY) Once the aircraft is airborne (determined by system
and operating (OPER) mode of operation to manually configuration at the time of installation) the system
override automatic operation. switches from standby mode to operating mode. The 500
Placing the display into operating mode Series unit displays OPER in the upper right hand corner
from the standby mode (to display TIS of the display and begins to display traffic on the Traffic
traffic): or Map Page.
The TIS Traffic Advisory (TA) should alert the crew to
1) Press the small right knob to activate the use additional vigilance to identify the intruding aircraft.
cursor, and highlight ‘STBY’. Any time the traffic symbol becomes a yellow circle or
2) Turn the small right knob to select ‘OPER?’. a voice warning is announced, conduct a visual search
3) Press the ENT Key to confirm. for the intruder. If successful, maintain visual contact
to ensure safe operation. See TIS Traffic Display Status
Placing the display into standby mode from
and Pilot Response, in this section for a list of TIS display
operating mode (to stop displaying TIS
messages and respective pilot responses.
traffic):
1) Press the small right knob to activate the After Landing
cursor, and highlight ‘OPER’. Once the aircraft is on ground (determined by system
2) Turn the small right knob to select ‘STBY?’. configuration at the time of installation) the system
3) Press the ENT Key to confirm. switches from operating mode to standby mode. The
500 Series unit displays ‘STBY’. As described previously,
both the standby and operating modes can be manually
overridden by the display controls.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
12.2 GTS 8XX Traffic Systems System Description

Introduction The GPS 500 provides an optional display interface for
All information in this section pertains to the display and the GTS 8XX Traffic Advisory (TAS) and Traffic Collision
control of the Garmin GPS 500/GTS 8XX interface, refer to Avoidance (TCAS I) Systems. The GTS 800 and GTS
the 400/500 Series Display Interfaces Pilot’s Guide Addendum 820 are TAS systems, the GTS 850 is a TSO-Certified
(190-00140-10) when interfacing with non-Garmin products TCAS I system. The GTS 8XX uses active interrogations of
Mode A/C/S (GTS 820 and GTS 850 only) and Mode A/C
WARNING: The GTS 8XX interface is intended transponders to provide Traffic Advisories to the GPS 500.
for advisory use only to aid the pilot in visually The GTS 8XX is an active traffic advisory system that
acquiring traffic. No avoidance maneuvers
operates as an aircraft-to-aircraft interrogation device. The
should be based solely upon TAS or TCAS I traffic
information. It is the responsibility of the pilot in GTS 8XX monitors the airspace surrounding an aircraft,
command to see and manuever to avoid traffic. and advises the flight crew where to look for transponder-
equipped aircraft that may pose a collision threat. When
NOTE: This section assumes the user has the GTS 8XX receives replies to its interrrogations, it
experience operating the GPS 500 and the computes the responding aircraft’s range, bearing, relative
GTS 8XX. altitude, and closure rate. The GTS 8XX then determines
NOTE: References to the GTS 8XX throughout the advisory status of the target and sends the location
this document refer equally to the GTS 800, GTS information and alert status to the GPS 500 for display.
820, and GTS 850 unless otherwise noted. The GTS 800 is capable of tracking up to 45 Mode
A/C/S intruders. The GTS 820/850 is capable of tracking
NOTE: TIS is disabled when a GTS 8XX unit is up to 45 Mode A/C plus 30 Mode S intruders. Up to 30
installed. of the most threatening targets are displayed.
Symbol Traffic Type Description
A TA (Traffic Advisory) is generated when the GTS 8XX predicts that an intruder aircraft may
Traffic pose a collision threat. A solid yellow circle represents an intruder aircraft that meets the TA
Advisory (TA) criteria as described in the TA Alerting Conditions section. A TA consists of the traffic symbol
and an aural alert (e.g., “traffic, 12 o’clock, high, 3 miles”).
Out-of- This solid yellow half circle appears (on the outer range ring) under the same conditions and
Range Traffic has the same urgency as a TA. Its appearance differs from the TA only to signify that the
Advisory intruder is outside of the current range of the Traffic Page.
Proximity Advisories (PA) are displayed as solid white (may be configured as cyan) diamonds.
Proximity
PAs are defined as traffic within the 6.0-nm range, within ±1200 ft. of altitude separation, and
Advisory (PA)
are not a traffic advisory (TA).
The hollow white (may be configured as cyan) diamond represents traffic detected within the
Other Traffic
selected display range that does not meet the criteria for a TA or a PA and does not pose an
Symbol
immediate collision threat.
Table 12-4 TAS/TCAS Symbology

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Pilots should be aware of TAS/TCAS system In all other conditions, Level B (greater sensitivity) TA
limitations. If an intruder transponder does not respond sensitivity is used to assess TA threats.
to interrogations due to antenna shading or marginal
Traffic Symbology
transponder performance, it will not be displayed, or
Traffic information from the GTS 8XX is displayed on
display may be intermittent. Pilots should remain vigilant
the GPS 500 unit using TAS/TCAS symbology (Table 12-4)
for traffic at all times when using TAS/TCAS systems for
on a dedicated Traffic page, and on the moving Map Page.
non-transponder equipped airplanes or unresponsive
The displayed traffic information generally includes the
airplanes.
relative range, bearing, and altitude of intruder aircraft.
TCAS I Surveillance Volume The GTS 8XX also generates aural announcements heard
Top and bottom mounted antennas allow an active on the cockpit audio system.
surveillance range of up to 12 nm (GTS 800) or 40 nm Target altitude relative to own aircraft altitude (relative
(GTS 820/850) in the forward direction, and somewhat altitude) is displayed (in hundreds of feet) for each target
reduced ranges to the sides and aft of own aircraft due symbol (Figure 12-19). If traffic is above own aircraft altitude
to the directional interrogation patterns. Interference the relative altitude is shown above the target next to a ‘+’
limiting in GTS 820/850 units may automatically reduce symbol. If traffic is below own aircraft altitude the relative
range in high density traffic areas. altitude is shown below the target next to a ‘-’ symbol.
Altitude trend (Figure 12-19) is displayed as an up
TA Alerting Conditions arrow (≥ +500 fpm), down arrow (≤ -500 fpm), or no
The GTS 8XX automatically adjusts its TA sensitivity level symbol if less than 500 fpm rate in either direction.
(Table 12-5) to reduce the likelihood of nuisance TA alerting Relative
during flight phases likely to be near airports. Sensitivity Altitude
Level A (less sensitivity) TA is used when the aircraft’s radar Traffic Altitude
Type Trend
altimeter (if equipped) indicates own altitude is less than
2000 feet AGL. If no radar altimeter is present, Sensitivity
Level A is active when the landing gear is extended. Level A
is also active when groundspeed is less than 120 knots with
no radar altimeter present in a fixed gear aircraft. Figure 12-19 Traffic Symbol Components
Sensitivity Intruder
Level Altitude TA Alerting Conditions
Available
Intruder closing rate provides less than 20 seconds of vertical and horizontal separation.
A Yes Or:
Intruder range is within 0.2 nm and vertical separation is within 600 feet.
A No Intruder closing rate is less than 15 seconds.
Intruder closing rate provides less than 30 seconds of vertical and horizontal separation.
B Yes Or:
Intruder range is within 0.55 nm and vertical separation is within 800 feet.
B No Intruder closing rate is less than 20 seconds.
Table 12-5 TA Sensitivity Level and TA Alerting Criteria

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Aural Alerts
A TA consists of a displayed traffic symbol (solid yellow
circle) and an aural alert. The aural alert announces
“traffic”, followed by the intruder aircraft’s position,
altitude relative to own aircraft (“high”, “low”, or “same
altitude”), and distance from own aircraft; e.g. “traffic, 12
o’clock, high, 3 miles”.
Self-Test Figure 12-20 Standby Mode
The GTS 8XX automatically performs a self-test upon User-initiated Test
power up. The self-test checks internal parameters and In addition to the power-up test, the GTS 8XX performs
calibrates components of the GTS 8XX. The self-test can self-tests during normal operation. A self-test is performed
also be initiated by the user during normal operation. once per minute to verify that the antenna is connected.
Check for the following test criteria on the Traffic Page Also, a calibration is performed at varying intervals based on
during power-up: time and temperature. A user-initiated test of the GTS 8XX
• If the GTS 8XX passes the power-up test; and interface can also be performed. The test criteria are identi-
the aircraft both has a squat switch and is on the cal to the power up self-test, although the user-initiated test
ground, the Standby Screen is displayed (Figure is concluded by an aural pass/fail message.
12-20).
• If the GTS 8XX passes the power-up test and the NOTE: A user-initiated test can only be performed
when in standby or failed mode.
aircraft both has a squat switch and is airborne,
the Traffic Page is displayed on the 6-nm display Performing a user-initiated test:
range and in the normal altitude display mode. 1) Turn the small right knob to select the Traffic
• If the GTS 8XX passes the power-up test and the Page.
aircraft does not have a squat switch, the Standby 2) From the Traffic Page, press the MENU Key to
Screen is displayed (Figure 12-20). display the Page Menu.
• If the GTS 8XX fails the power-up test (as 3) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Self Test?’.
indicated by a FAILED screen), the GTS 8XX is 4) Press the ENT Key.
inoperable, see the GTS 8XX Installation Manual Test-Mode
Indication
for detailed information on Failure Response.
NOTE: The FAILED message is displayed when
the system detects an error that prohibits further
traffic display operation.
NOTE: When the system is in standby, the
GTS 8XX does not transmit, interrogate, or track
intruder aircraft.
Figure 12-21 Self-Test Mode

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Switching Between Standby and Operating Traffic Page

Modes Traffic can be displayed both on the Map Page (only
The unit must be in operating mode for traffic to be if heading is available) and on the Traffic Page (Figure
displayed. The ability to switch out of standby into operating 12-22). The orientation source shown at the top of the
mode on the ground is especially useful for scanning the display first uses heading (‘HDG’), then GPS Track (‘TRK’)
airspace around the airport before takeoff. Operating Mode if no heading is available, to orient the display.
is confirmed by the display of ‘OPER’ in the upper right- If the GTS 8XX does not have bearing information for
hand corner of the Traffic Page (Figure 12-22). an active TA, ‘TA’ followed by range, relative altitude, and
Switching to Operating Mode from Standby altitude trend is displayed in the lower right corner. The
Mode: Traffic Banner is displayed if more than one TA with no
bearing info is active, while the TA of most immediate
threat is displayed in text below the banner.
cursor and highlight ‘STBY’.
2) Turn the small right knob to select ‘OPER?’. Traffic Orientation Source Operating Mode
3) Press the ENT Key to confirm and place the

GTS 8XX in operating mode, the GTS 8XX
switches out of standby into the 6-nm display
range.
NOTE: The GTS 8XX will automatically switch out Traffic Banner
of standby 8 to 10 seconds after takeoff, which
is determined by ground speed or by a transition Display
Range Traffic Advisory
of the aircraft squat switch (if connected).
(with no bearing
information)
Switching to Standby Mode from the Traffic Figure 12-22 Traffic Page
Page:
1) Press the small right knob to activate the Traffic Page Display Range
cursor and highlight ‘OPER’. The display range on the Traffic Page can be changed
2) Turn the small right knob to select ‘STBY?’. at any time.
3) Press the ENT Key to confirm and place the Changing the display range on the Traffic
GTS 8XX in standby mode. Page:
Press the RNG Key to step through the
NOTE: The GTS 8XX goes into standby mode 24 following range options:
seconds after landing, which is determined by • 2 nm
ground speed or by a transiton of the aircraft • 2 and 6 nm
squat switch (if connected). This delay allows • 6 and 12 nm
the GTS 8XX to remain out of standby during a • 12 and 24 nm (GTS 820/850 only)
touch-and-go maneuver.
• 24 and 40 nm (GTS 820/850 only)

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Altitude Display Mode

Note: Confirmation is not required, the mode is
The GTS 8XX has four altitude display modes changed immediately when using the small right
(Figure 12-23); Normal (±2,700 ft), Above (-2,700 ft to knob.
+9,000 ft), Below (-9,000 ft to +2,700 ft), and Unrestricted
(±9,900 ft). The GTS 8XX continues to display up to 30 Altitude Display Mode
intruder aircraft within its maximum surveillance range,
regardless of the altitude display mode selected.
The selected altitude display mode (Figure 12-24)
is displayed in the upper left-hand corner of the Traffic
Page.
Changing the Altitude Display Mode:
1) From the Traffic Page, press the small right
knob to activate the cursor and highlight the
current mode (Figure 12-24).
2) Turn the small right knob to cycle through Figure 12-24 “UNR” Selected
the options. The screen changes to display
the traffic detected within the selected 3) Press the small right knob to turn the cursor
altitude display range. Refer to Figure 12-23 off after the selection is made.
for information regarding altitude display
ranges.
+9,900 ft
+9,000 ft
+2,700 ft +2,700 ft
Unrestricted (UNR)
Normal (NRM)
Above (ABV)
Below (BLW)
0 ft 0 ft
Drawing Not to Scale

-2,700 ft
-9,000 ft
-9,900 ft
Figure 12-23 Altitude Display Modes

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Traffic Warning Window Configuring Traffic Data on the Map Page

When the unit is not on the traffic page and the GTS Traffic is only displayed on the Map Page if aircraft
issues a Traffic Advisory, the Traffic Warning Window heading data is available.
(Figure 12-25) is displayed, which shows a small The Traffic Mode setting allows the operator to
thumbnail map. When the Traffic Warning Window is choose which traffic type is displayed (all traffic, traffic
displayed, press the ENT Key to display the Traffic Page, and proximity advisories, or traffic advisories only). The
or press the CLR Key to return to the previous page. Traffic Symbol and Traffic Label settings determine the
maximum ranges at which these items are displayed.
NOTE: The Traffic Warning Window is disabled Configuring traffic on the Map Page:
when the aircraft ground speed is less than 30
knots or when an approach is active. 1) Turn the small right knob to select the Map
Page.
2) Press the MENU Key to display the Page
Menu.
3) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Setup
Map?’.
4) Press the ENT Key. The flashing cursor
highlights the GROUP field.
Figure 12-25 Traffic Warning Window 5) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Traffic’.
6) Press the ENT Key (Figure 12-27).
Map Page Traffic Banner
When a Traffic Advisory is active, the ‘Traffic’ banner

is displayed in the lower right corner of the Map Page
(Figure 12-26)
Figure 12-27 Traffic Setup Menu

Traffic
Display Advisory 7) Turn the large right knob to select the desired
Range Banner Traffic Mode option.
option
Figure 12-26 Traffic Banner
9) Press the ENT Key. Repeat steps 7-9 for Traffic
Symbol and Traffic Label.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
10) Return to the Map Page by pressing the CLR Highlighting Traffic Data Using Map Panning
Key. Another map page function is panning, which allows
changing the map beyond its current limits without
Thumbnail Traffic on Map Page adjusting the map scale. Select the panning function by
Traffic in a thumbnail format can be displayed in any pressing the small right knob, a target pointer flashes on
of the three data fields on the right side of the Map Page the map display (Figure 12-29). Also a window appears at
(Figure 12-28). the top of the map display showing the latitude/longitude
Displaying Thumbnail Traffic on the Map position of the pointer, and the bearing and distance to
Page the pointer from the present position.
1) Turn the small right knob to select the Map Selecting the panning function and panning
Page. the map display:
2) Press the MENU Key to display the Page 1) Press the small right knob to activate the
Menu. panning target pointer (Figure 12-29).
3) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Change
Fields?’.
4) Press the ENT Key.
5) Turn the large right knob to select one of the
three fields.
6) Turn the small right knob to select ‘TRFC’ from
the Select Field Type List.
7) Press the ENT Key. (Figure 12-28)
Figure 12-29 Panning the Map Display
2) Turn the small right knob clockwise to move

up, or counterclockwise to move down.
3) Turn the large right knob clockwise to move
right, or counterclockwise to move left.
4) To cancel the panning function and return to
Figure 12-28 Thumbnail Traffic on Map Page the present position, press the small right
knob.
Note: The thumbnail range defaults to 6 nm and When the target pointer is placed on traffic, the traffic
cannot be changed. range and altitude deviation are displayed (Figure 12-29).
The traffic is identified as:
• TA: Traffic Advisory • TRFC: Other Traffic
• PA: Proximity Advisory

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
12.3 Weather Data Link Interface around for delivery to ORBCOMM in less than
five seconds (ORBCOMM is a provider of global
This section is written for:
messaging services using a constellation of 26
• Garmin 500 Series Main System Software Version
low-Earth orbiting satellites). The message is
6.01 and later
relayed from the satellites to the GDL 49 aboard
• GDL 49 Main Software Version 2.03 and later the aircraft. Once the GDL 49 receives the
• GDL 69/69A Main Software Version 2.14 and later message, it is displayed on the 500 Series unit.
Some differences in operation may be observed when • GDL 69/69A - NEXRAD and METAR data
comparing the information in this manual to earlier or is collected by the National Weather Service
later software versions. and disseminated to WxWorks™, a weather
information provider. This data is then delivered
NOTE: This section is written exclusively for 500 to XM Satellite for rebroadcast. Data from two
Series units that are configured with the GDL
XM satellites is then made immediately available
49 or GDL 69(A) Data Link Satellite Receiver.
to XM customers. The GDL 69/69A receives
Refer to the 400/500 Series Display Interfaces
Pilot’s Guide Addendum (190-00140-10) when streaming weather data, processes the data, then
interfacing with non-Garmin products. sends it to the 500 Series unit for display.
Functions provided by the Weather Data Link system
Introduction include:
GPS 500 units can interface with the GDL 49 or the • Request for and display of NEXRAD radar
GDL 69/69A. The GPS 500 unit provides the display and imagery.
control interface for the textual and graphical weather
data link. • Request for and display of text-based METAR
Satellite up-linked textual and graphical weather data.
data is received the GDL 49 on a request/reply basis. • Request for and display of a compressed form of
Transmissions are made using bursts of compressed METAR data that allows icon representations at
data at a rate of 4800 bps. Weather data transmissions reporting stations on a moving map indicating
are streamed directly to the GDL 69/69A from the XM visibility, ceiling, etc.
Satellite Radio network. • Position tracking services are provided through
The following operational differences are noted periodic position report transmissions from the
between the GDL 69/69A and the GDL 49. 500 Series unit (available with GDL 49 only).
• GDL 49 - NEXRAD and METAR data is collected
by the National Weather Service and disseminated
to Meteorlogix™, a weather information provider.
This data is then delivered to a weather server
in the Echo Flight Message System. With
the weather data on the system, an incoming
customer request is filled, logged, and turned

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Weather Products NEXRAD Limitations

The following weather products are available for CAUTION: NEXRAD weather data is to be used
display on the 500 Series unit via the Weather Data Link for long-range planning purposes only. Due to
interface: inherent delays and relative age of the data
• NEXRAD Data that can be experienced, NEXRAD weather data
cannot be used for short-range avoidance of
• Graphical METAR Data weather.
• Text-based METAR Data
Certain limitations exist regarding the NEXRAD
• Graphical Temperature/Dewpoint Data
radar displays. Some, but not all, are listed for the user’s
• Graphical Wind Data awareness:
NEXRAD Description • NEXRAD base reflectivity does not provide
sufficient information to determine cloud layers or
WSR-88D weather surveillance radar or NEXRAD
precipitation characteristics (hail vs. rain, etc).
(NEXt generation RADar) is a Doppler radar system that
has greatly improved the detection of meteorological • NEXRAD base reflectivity is sampled at the
events such as thunderstorms, tornadoes, and hurricanes. minimum antenna elevation angle. An individual
An extensive network of NEXRAD stations provides NEXRAD site cannot depict high altitude storms
almost complete radar coverage of the continental United at close ranges, and has no information about
States, Alaska, and Hawaii. The range of each NEXRAD storms directly over the site.
station is 124 nautical miles. • NEXRAD resolution varies, depending on the
amount and complexity of the weather data being
NEXRAD Abnormalities
received. The displayed NEXRAD data will reflect
There are possible abnormalities regarding displayed the highest intensity level sampled within a 2 x 2
NEXRAD images. Some, but not all, of those include: km (4 sq km) unit of area (depending on available
• Ground clutter system memory).
• Spurious radar data
• Sun strobes, when the radar antenna points
directly at the sun
• Military aircraft deploy metallic dust (chaff) which
can cause alterations in radar scans
• Interference from buildings or mountains, which
may cause shadows

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
NEXRAD Intensity
Colors are used to identify the different NEXRAD echo intensities (reflectivity) measured in dBZ (decibels of Z).
Reflectivity (designated by the letter Z) is the amount of transmitted power returned to the radar receiver. The dBZ values
increase as returned signal strength increases. Precipitation intensity is displayed on the 500 Series units using colors
represented by the dBZ values listed in Table 12-6.
Display dBZ Rain Snow Source of NEXRAD Echo
GDL 49 GDL 69 (inches/hour) (inches/hour) Atmos Cloud Rain Snow Sleet Hail
<-10 .00 .00 √
-10 .00 .00 √ √
-5 .00 trace √ √
0 .00 trace - .05 √ √ Very Light
5 .00 trace - .10 √ √ Light
10 0 – trace .10 √ √ Light Light
15 .01 .1-.2 Light Light
20 .02 .2-.3 Light Light
25 .05 .3-.5 Light Light – Medium
30 .09 .4-.7 Light – Moderate Moderate
35 .24 .6-1.0 Moderate Heavy √
40 .48 >1 or sleet Heavy Heavy √
45 1.25 >1 or sleet Heavy Heavy √
50 2.5 sleet Intense √ √
55 5.7 sleet Extreme √ √
60 12.7 Extreme √
65 Extreme √
70 Large
75 Large
Table 12-6 NEXRAD Intensity Colors

NOTE: The information presented in this Pilot’s Guide regarding NEXRAD is not meant to be comprehensive.
The NOAA website (www.noaa.gov) contains complete and detailed information regarding NEXRAD weather
radar operation and theory.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Requesting NEXRAD Data The NEXRAD Request Page has the following user-
selectable fields:
NEXRAD data can be requested from the Data Link
Page or the Map Page. • Center - This field allows the pilot to specify
reference points for the request. The following
Requesting NEXRAD data from the Data
five options are available for the ‘Center’ field:
Link Page:
1) Select the Data Link Page from the AUX Page ♦ Current Position - Request NEXRAD data from
Group. the aircraft’s current position.
2) Press the small right knob to activate the ♦ Look Ahead - Request NEXRAD data ahead of
cursor. ‘NexRad Request’ is highlighted (Figure (along) the current route.
12-30). ♦ From ID - Request NEXRAD data from a
specific waypoint identifier. If ‘From ID’ is
selected as the reference point for the request,
the ‘WPT’ field is displayed (in place of
‘Position’). The ‘WPT’ field is used to enter a
waypoint identifier as the reference point for
the request.
♦ From Lat/Lon - Request NEXRAD data from
a specific latitude and longitude. This is only
selectable when requesting from the map. The
Figure 12-30 Data Link Page (GDL 49) ‘Position’ field displays the position of the map
cursor and cannot be edited.
3) Press the ENT Key. The NEXRAD Request Page ♦ From Flight Plan - Request NEXRAD data from
(see Figure 12-31) is displayed. one of the waypoints in the active flight plan.
This is only selectable when an active Flight
Plan has been selected. The ‘Flight Plan’ field
(displayed in place of ‘Position’) is used to select
which waypoint in the active flight plan to use
as the reference point for the request.
• Radius - This field selects a request radius from 50
to 250 nautical miles from the selected position.
• Position (also WPT or Flight Plan) - ‘Current
Posn’-Position is current, ‘Look Ahead’-Position is
Figure 12-31 NEXRAD Request Page (GDL 49) look ahead position. ‘From ID’-Position is from
the ID entered into the WPT field. ‘Flight Plan’ is
the ID selected from the active flight plan.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
• Auto Request (GDL 49 Only) - This field is Requesting NEXRAD data from the Map
used to set the time interval for the GDL 49 to Page:
automatically send a NEXRAD data request. The 1) Select the Map Page.
time options are OFF, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 30
2) Press the MENU Key. The Map Page Options
min, 45 min, and 1 hour. When an auto request
Menu is displayed.
time is selected, the first request is sent after the
specified time has elapsed from when the field 3) Select ‘Request NEXRAD?’ (Figure 12-32) and
was set (as opposed to immediately sending a press the ENT Key.
request).
NOTE: It is recommended that the pilot turn

the Auto Request function ‘on’ by setting it to
‘10 min’ updates. This setting provides best
performance for the GDL 49.
• The ‘Manual Send?’(GDL 49) or ‘Update Request?’

(GDL 69) field is used to request NEXRAD Data.
4) Use the small and large right knobs to select Figure 12-32 Map Page Options Menu
the desired data (listed on preceding page)
and the ENT Key to enter the data into the 4) Follow the preceding steps 4 - 6.
appropriate fields on the NEXRAD Request
Page. NOTE: The pilot may also use the map panning
function to request NEXRAD data at a specific
5) Select ‘Manual Send?’ or ‘Update Request?’ map position. After panning and selecting a
and press the ENT Key. The request has been position on the map, the pilot can press the
sent. Note that selecting ‘Auto Request’ MENU Key and request the NEXRAD data.
and pressing the ENT Key does not send the
request until after the auto time period. Data Received Message (GDL 49 Only)
6) To exit from the NEXRAD Request Page, press When the request has been answered, the message
the small right knob. The Data Link Page is annunciator (MSG) flashes to alert the pilot to one of
displayed. the following messages depending on the type of data
received:
• New NEXRAD Received
• New Graphic METAR Received
• New Text METAR Received

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Displaying NEXRAD Data on the Weather Page Customizing NEXRAD Data on the Weather
Page
To display NEXRAD Data on the Weather
Page: The pilot can customize the NEXRAD data on the
Weather Page from the Page Options Menu.
1) Select the NAV Weather Page (Figure 12-33)
using the small and large right knobs. When Customizing the NEXRAD data on the
the 500 Series unit is configured with the Data Weather Page:
Link interface, the Weather Page is the third 1) From the Weather Page, press the MENU Key
page in the NAV Page Group (it is the fourth to display the NAV Weather Page Options
page if a traffic sensor is also configured). Menu.
2) Select from the following options to customize
the NEXRAD data:
• View 120°? / View 360°? - There are two
viewing options available, each shown relative
to the position of the aircraft. When the MENU
Key is pressed, the alternate selection is shown.
Use this option to switch between a radar-like,
120° display of the data, and the default 360°
display.
Figure 12-33 NEXRAD Data on Weather Page • Request NEXRAD?/Request METAR? - This
option is a link to either the NEXRAD or METAR
2) Press the small right knob. The upper left hand Request Pages, depending on which is currently
corner field flashes. displayed on the Weather Page.
3) Turn small right knob and select ‘NEXRAD’. • Display Legend? - This option is a link to the
4) Press the small right knob. Weather Legend Page. See the Weather Legend
Page paragraph following in this section.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Displaying NEXRAD Data on the Map Page The density values are LOW-MED-HIGH. Press
the ENT Key to make the selection then press
When NEXRAD data is received, it is displayed on the
the CLR Key to go back to the Map Page.
Map Page, in addition to the Weather Page and the Default
NAV Page. Precipitation Pattern Color
Customizing NEXRAD Data on the Map Page Intensity – Map
Configuration
The pilot can customize NEXRAD data on the Map
Page by using the Page Menu. Light Precipitation –
Green
Customizing the Map Page: Low
(sparse dotted area fill)
1) Go to the Map Page in the NAV Page Group.
Light Precipitation –
2) Press the MENU Key and select ‘Setup Map?’ Green
Medium Density
from the page menu. (dense dotted area fill)
3) Select ‘Weather’ from the GROUP field in the Light Precipitation –
Map Setup window (Figure 12-34). Green
High Density
(solid area fill)
Moderate Precipitation
– Low & Medium Yellow
Density (dense dotted area fill)
Moderate Precipitation
Yellow
– High Density
(solid area fill)
Heavy Precipitation –
Red
Low & Medium Density
Figure 12-34 Map Setup Window (dense dotted area fill)
4) Highlight the NEXRAD Symbol field, and use Heavy Precipitation –
the small right knob to set the desired map Red
High Density
range at which to overlay NEXRAD data. The (solid area fill)
range values are ‘Off’ to 2000 nm miles. Press Table 12-7 NEXRAD Density Patterns
the ENT Key for the desired range selection.
Press the CLR Key to go back to the Map NOTE: If the pilot changes the NEXRAD Density
Page. and/or NEXRAD Symbol fields, these settings
changes also affect the Weather Page. For
5) Highlight the NEXRAD Density field, use the example, if the pilot selects ‘Low’ NEXRAD
small right knob to set the density desired Density, both the Weather Page and the Map
(i.e., the transparency, see Table 12-7) of the Page display the NEXRAD graphics in the ‘Low’
NEXRAD cells. mode.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
The pilot may use the ‘NEXRAD Off?’ and ‘NEXRAD Once the Airport Location Page is displayed, enter the
On?’ fields in the Page Menu (Figure 12-35) to turn off the identifier for the desired airport. Press the MENU Key. The
display of NEXRAD data from the Map Page. options menu appears (Figure 12-36) listing the following
three options:
• Request NEXRAD?
• Request METAR?
• View Text METAR? (if available)
Figure 12-35 Map Page Options Menu
NOTE: If the 500 Series unit is configured for

Weather Data Link Interface with a GDL 49 or
GDL 69, pressing the CLR Key while viewing
the Map Page reduces the NEXRAD density one Figure 12-36 Airport Location Page Options Menu
incremental step. All NEXRAD data is removed
if the CLR Key is pressed while density is set to Highlight the desired option and press the ENT Key.
low. ‘Request NEXRAD?’ and ‘Request METAR?’ options select
the NEXRAD and METAR Request Pages, respectively.
Request Shortcuts ‘View Text METAR?’ selects the Textual METAR Page for
The pilot can quickly select the NEXRAD, METAR, or the desired airport, if textual METAR is available for that
Textual METAR Page for a specific airport from the Airport airport.
Location Page.
Three methods of selecting the Airport
Location Page:
• Use the small and large right knobs to select
the Airport Location Page from the WPT Group
of pages.
• On the Map Page, move the target pointer to
highlight an on-screen airport. Press the ENT
Key.
• On any page that displays an airport identifier,
use the cursor and highlight the desired airport
identifier. Press the ENT Key.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Data Link Request Log Page (GDL 49 Only) Sending Position Reports (GDL 49 Only)
The Data Link Request Log Page (Figure 12-38) is used The Data Link allows for accurate location tracking of
to display the data that was requested. When a request is the aircraft by sending the aircraft’s position manually or
received, a check mark is placed in the box. automatically to the EchoFlight website (www.EchoFlight.
Viewing the Data Link Request Log Page: com) for use by third-party EchoFlight customers.
1) Use the small and large right knobs and select Sending the Present Position:
the Data Link Page from the AUX Group of 1) Select the Data Link Page (see preceding step
pages. 1).
2) Highlight ‘Data Link Log’ (Figure 12-37) and 2) Highlight ‘Position Report’ (Figure 12-39) and
press the ENT Key. press the ENT Key.
Figure 12-37 Data Link Page Figure 12-39 Data Link Page
3) The ‘Position Report’ Page is displayed with the
3) The Data Link Request Log Page is displayed following six fields:
(Figure 12-38).
• Nearest VOR - Nearest VOR identifier.
• Distance - The distance from the nearest
VOR.
• Radial - The radial from the nearest VOR.
• Position - Displays the aircraft’s current position
expressed in Latitude and Longitude.
Figure 12-38 Data Link Request Log Page

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
• Auto Request - This field is used to set the Requesting Graphical METARS
time interval for the system to automatically
Graphical METAR data can be requested from the Data
send the position. The time options are OFF,
Link Page, Map Page, or Airport Page.
10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 30 min, 45 min, and
1 hr. When an auto request time is selected, Requesting graphical METARS from the
the first report is sent after the specified Data Link Page:
time has elapsed from when the field was 1) Select the Data Link Page from the AUX Page
set (as opposed to immediately sending a Group.
report). Note that in order to take advantage 2) Press the small right knob to activate the
of EchoFlight’s Automatic Weather Delivery cursor. Turn the small right knob and highlight
(AWD) service, the time interval must be set ‘Metar Request’ (Figure 12-41).
to 15 minutes.
• Manual Send? - This field is used to send out a
current single position report (Figure 12-40).
Figure 12-41 Data Link Page
3) Press the ENT Key. The ‘METAR REQUEST’

Figure 12-40 Position Report Page Page is displayed (Figure 12-42).
Figure 12-42 Metar Request Page

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
The METAR Request Page has the following user- • Radius (Graphical requests only) - This field
selectable fields: selects a request radius from 50 to 250 nautical
• Format - This field is used to select between miles from the selected position.
requesting the raw METAR text (Textual) or • Position (also WPT or Flight Plan) - ‘Current
requesting a graphical summary (Graphic) of Posn’-Position is current, ‘Look Ahead’-Position is
several METARS. look ahead position. ‘From ID’-Position is from
the ID entered into the WPT field. ‘Flight Plan’ is
NOTE: Textual METARS can only be requested the ID selected from the active flight plan.
by identifier or by flight plan (if the flight plan
• Auto Request (GDL 49 Only) - This field is
contains a METAR station identifier).
used to set the time interval for the GDL 49 to
• Center - This field allows the pilot to specify automatically send a NEXRAD data request. The
reference points for the request. The following time options are OFF, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 30
five options are available for the ‘Center’ field: min, 45 min, and 1 hour. When an auto request
time is selected, the first request is sent after the
♦ Current Position - Request METAR data from
specified time has elapsed from when the field
the aircraft’s current position.
was set (as opposed to immediately sending a
♦ Look Ahead - Request METAR data ahead of request).
(along) the current route.
NOTE: It is recommended that the pilot turn the
♦ From ID - Request NEXRAD data from a Auto Request function ‘on’ by setting it to ‘10 min’
specific waypoint identifier. If ‘From ID’ is updates. This setting provides best performance
selected as the reference point for the request, for the GDL 49.
the ‘WPT’ field is displayed (in place of
‘Position’). The ‘WPT’ field is used to enter a • The ‘Manual Send?’(GDL 49) or ‘Update Request?’
waypoint identifier as the reference point for (GDL 69) field is used to request METAR Data.
the request. 4) Use the small and large right knobs to select
the desired data and the ENT Key to enter the
♦ From Lat/Lon - Request NEXRAD data from
data into the appropriate fields on the METAR
a specific latitude and longitude. This is only
Request Page.
selectable when requesting from the map. The
‘Position’ field displays the position of the map 5) Select ‘Manual Send?’ or ‘Update Request?’
cursor and cannot be edited. and press the ENT Key. The request has been
sent. Note that selecting ‘Auto Request’
♦ From Flight Plan - Request METAR data from
one of the waypoints in the active flight plan.
request until after the auto time period.
This is only selectable when an active Flight
Plan has been selected. The ‘Flight Plan’ field 6) To exit from the NEXRAD Request Page, press
(displayed in place of ‘Position’) is used to select the small right knob. The Data Link Page is
which waypoint in the active flight plan to use displayed.
as the reference point for the request.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Requesting graphical or textual METARS Displaying graphical METARS on the NAV

from the Map Page: Weather Page
1) Select the Map Page. Once received, graphical METAR data is displayed on
2) Press the MENU Key. The Map Page Options the NAV Weather Page.
Menu is displayed (Figure 12-43). Displaying graphical METARS on the NAV
Weather Page:
1) Select the NAV Weather Page.
2) Press the small right knob. The upper left hand
corner field flashes.
3) Turn small right knob and select ‘METAR’.
4) Press the small right knob.
Viewing graphical METAR Data for a
specific airport from the Map Page:
Figure 12-43 Map Page Menu 1) Select the Map Page.
3) Select ‘Request METAR’ and press the ENT 2) Move the target pointer to highlight a desired
Key. The METAR Request Page is displayed. airport. Graphical METAR data is displayed for
There are four user-selectable parameter that airport in a thumbnail image.
fields: Format, Center, Radius, and Position
(see preceding pages for detailed information). NOTE: For the GDL 69/69A, METAR data is
automatically updated every twelve minutes
Change the request parameters as desired.
from the time of initial request.
4) Enter the type of desired METAR Data and the
desired radius (graphical requests only).
5) Select ‘Manual Send?’ or ‘Update Request?’
and press the ENT Key. The request has
been sent. Note that selecting ‘Auto Request’
request until after the auto time period.
6) To exit from the METAR Request Page, press
the small right knob. The Map Page is
displayed.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Weather Legend Page The following symbology is shown for the various
types of data:
The symbology unique to Graphical METAR, Winds,
For METAR Data:
and Temperature/Dewpoint data is displayed on the
Weather Legend Page. The Weather Legend is accessed • Age of Data in Minutes
from the Weather Page. • Ceiling, Visibility, and Precipitation
NOTE: All METAR, Wind, and Temp-Dewpoint • Ceiling, Visual Flight Rules
symbols are depicted at the end of this section. • Precipitation
Displaying the Weather Legend: For Wind Data:

1) Select the Weather Page and activate the • Age of Data in Minutes
cursor. This selects the weather selection field • Winds
in the upper left corner of page.
• Wind Gust
2) Use the small right knob to select METAR,
WINDS, or TEMP/DP. For Temperature/Dewpoint Data:
3) Press the MENU Key. The Weather Page Menu • Age of Data in Minutes
is displayed. • Temperature/Dewpoint
4) Turn the small right knob, highlight ‘Display
Displaying Textual METARS
Legend’, and press the ENT Key. The Weather
Legend is displayed (Figure 12-44) for the Once received, textual METARS are displayed on the
type of data that was selected. Use the small METARS Text Page.
right knob and scroll through the various
descriptions for the symbols that are shown.
Press the small right knob to return to the
Weather Page.
Figure 12-44 Weather Legend Page for METAR Data

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Selecting the METARS Text Page: Displaying Wind Data

1) Select the Data Link Page.
Displaying wind data on the NAV Weather
2) Select ‘Textual Metar’. Page:
3) Press the ENT Key. The Textual METAR Page 1) Select the NAV Weather Page.
(Figure 12-45) is displayed for the airport
selected. The pilot can enter a different
corner field flashes.
identifier on the Textual METAR Page.
3) Turn the small right knob and select
‘WINDS’.
4) Press the small right knob. The wind icons are
displayed on the NAV Weather Page.
Displaying Temperature/Dewpoints
Temperature/Dewpoints are displayed on the NAV
Weather Page.
Displaying Temperature/Dewpoints on the
Figure 12-45 Textual METAR Page NAV Weather Page:
1) Select the NAV Weather Page.
Entering an identifier:
1) Select the Data Link Page. Highlight ‘TEXTUAL corner data field flashes.
METAR’ and press the ENT Key.
3) Turn the small right knob and select ‘TEMP/
2) Turn the small right knob and scroll through DP’.
the list of four letter identifiers.
4) Press the small right knob. The Temperature/
3) Highlight the desired identifier and press the Dewpoints are displayed on the NAV Weather
ENT Key. Page.
4) The text box displays the METAR data for the
selected identifier. NOTE: See a complete description of all METAR,
Wind, and Temp-Dewpoint symbols at the end
5) To request an updated graphic or textual
of this section.
METAR for this airport, press the MENU key
to access the page menu and select ‘Request
METAR?’.
6) The METAR Request Page is displayed. The
request option is displayed on the Textual
METAR Page.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Troubleshooting Monitoring the Data Link

Although it is the responsibility of the facility that The Data Link Status Page provides an indication of
installed the GDL 49 or GDL 69/69A to correct any the integrity of the Data Link. The Data Link Page allows
hardware problems, the pilot can perform some quick the pilot to monitor the system and determine the possible
troubleshooting steps to find the possible cause of a cause of a failure.
failure. View the Data Link Status Page:
First, ensure that the owner/operator of the aircraft
in which the GDL 49 or GDL 69/69A is installed has 1) From the AUX Page Group, select the Data Link
subscribed to Echo Flight or XM Satellite Radio for a Page.
Service Plan, and verify that it has been activated. Perform 2) Highlight ‘Data Link Status’ and press the ENT
a quick check of the circuit breakers to ensure the GDL 49 Key.
or GDL 69/69A has power applied. If a failure still exists, 3) The Data Link Status Page (Figure 12-46) is
continue to the Data Link Status Page. displayed.
The fields on the Data Link Status Page may provide
insight to a possible failure. Information displayed at this
page should be noted and provided to the repair station.
The Connectivity Message table should also provide a
clear indication of any potential internal failures. If no
indications exist, check the circuit breakers and electrical
connections to the GDL 49 or GDL 69/69A, and ensure
the unit has power applied. Repair stations are equipped
to repair the system, should a hardware failure exist.
Figure 12-46 Data Link Status Page

The GDL 49 Datalink Status Page shows the following
fields:
• TX Queue - Shows the number of requests in the
GDL 49’s transmit queue waiting to be sent to the
satellite.
• RX Queue - Shows the number of responses in the
GDL 49’s receive queue waiting to be sent to the
500 Series unit.
• Sat ID/Connectivity - Shows the current satellite
in view and also indicates the status of the current
satellite connection. See Table 12-8.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
The GDL 69 Datalink Status Page shows the following

SAT ID/CONNECTIVITY FIELD fields:
MESSAGE DESCRIPTION
• Sat ID/Connectivity - This field shows the current
‘_ _ _’ RS-232 communication with the GDL activation status and signal strength of the XM
49 has been lost. Satellite Radio weather service. Table 12-10 lists
‘Data Link has There is a disconnect inside the GDL the messages that may be shown in the Sat ID
failed’ 49. field.
‘Linked to sat’ Can exchange data with the satellite.
‘Satellite in view’ Found satellite but have not yet SAT ID FIELD
identified it. MESSAGE DESCRIPTION
‘Searching...’ No satellite is currently in view. ‘--’ GDL 69/69A - 500 Series unit interface
Table 12-8 Sat ID/Connectivity Field communications not yet established.
‘-0’, ‘-1’, ‘-’ = Satellite radio service is not activated.
• SATCOM Operation - This field indicates the
‘-2’, or ‘-3’ Satellite signal quality is indicated by the
current activity being performed by the satellite
numbers 0, 1, 2, or 3; where 0=none,
communicator within the GDL 49. Table 12-9
1=poor, 2=good, and 3=excellent.
lists the messages that can be displayed, including
interpretations of the most common ones: ‘XM’ GDL 69/69A not yet communicating with
internal satellite radio hardware (normal
SATCOM OPERATION FIELD during power-up).
MESSAGE DESCRIPTION ‘X0’, ‘X1’, ‘X’ = Satellite radio service activated.
‘_ _ _’ Unknown task is being performed, ‘X2’, or Satellite signal quality is indicated by the
or RS-232 communication with the ‘X3’ numbers 0, 1, 2, or 3; where 0=none,
GDL 49 has been lost. 1=poor, 2=good, and 3=excellent.
Table 12-10 Sat ID Field
‘Idle’ Waiting to perform the next task.
‘Receiving Receiving a response from the
message’ satellite.
‘Sending message’ Transmitting a message.
‘Sending request’ Transmitting a request to the
satellite.
Table 12-9 SATCOM Operation Field
• SATCOM SER NUM - This field shows the serial
number assigned to the GDL 49’s internal satellite
communicator.
• GDL SW - This field shows the currently installed
software version for the GDL 49.
SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Table 12-11 lists the messages that may be shown in Standard Aviation Forecast Abbreviations
the Sat Connectivity field.
The standard aviation forecast abbreviations are listed
in Table 12-12.
CONNECTIVITY FIELD
MESSAGE DESCRIPTION STANDARD AVIATION FORECAST ABBREVIATIONS
‘Satellite in Indicates a signal quality between 1 ‘+’ – (Heavy) ‘-’ – (Light)
view’ and 3. ‘/’ – (Missing or separator) Axxxx – Altimeter setting
‘Searching...’ No satellite is currently in view, signal (xxxx are numbers)
quality is ‘0’. AFT – After BKN – Broken clouds
Table 12-11 Connectivity Field
BLO – Below BR – Light fog
• SATCOM Operation - This field always indicates CIG – Ceiling CLR – Sky clear
‘Idle’ for the GDL 69/69A. DZ – Drizzle FEW – Few clouds
• SATCOM SER NUM - The first eight characters of FG – Thick fog FM – From
this field indicate the satellite radio ID number. FZ – Freezing G – Gusts
A dash separates the satellite radio ID from the
KT – Knots OBSCD – Obscured
currently installed METAR database version in the
GDL 69/69A. OVC – Overcast clouds Pxxxx – Hourly Precipitation
(xxxx are numbers)
• GDL SW - This field shows the currently installed
PRESFR – Pressure falling PRESRR – Pressure rising
software version for the GDL 69/69A.
rapidly rapidly
RA – Rain RMK – Remarks
SCT – Scattered clouds SLP – Sea Level Pressure
SM – Statue Miles SN – Snow
TEMPO – Occasionally Trrn – Terrain
TS – Thunderstorm VV – Vertical Visibility
Table 12-12 Forecast Abbreviations

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
METAR Graphics Ceiling and Visibility - Flight Rules

The age symbols listed in Table 12-13 are common to
METARs, Winds, and Temperature/Dewpoint graphics:
METAR, Winds, and Temperature/Dewpoints Age VFR Marginal IFR Low IFR
Graphics VFR
Table 12-15 Ceiling and Visibility Graphics
The symbol in Figure 12-47 indicates the ceiling at

0 - 10 11 - 20 21 - 30 31 - 60 61+ Unknown KMWM is marginal VFR, with heavy snow and low IFR
minutes minutes minutes minutes minutes (Yellow) visibility. The data age is 31-60 minutes old.
(Green) (Green) (Green) (Green) (Yellow)
Ceiling Precipitation
Table 12-13 Weather Age Graphics
METARs
Precipitation Graphics Data Age Visibility
Light Moderate Heavy
Station Identifier
(Green) (Green) (Yellow)
No Figure 12-47 METAR Symbol
Precipitation
Rain
Snow
Unknown
Table 12-14 Precipitation Graphics

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Winds To interpret wind speed, add the values of each of the

wind speed barbs. In Figure 12-48, there are two long
Wind Vector - The wind vector indicates the barbs (10 knots each) and one short barb (5 knots each).
direction of the surface wind to the nearest 30˚ Thus, the total wind speed is 25 knots. Adding the gust
increment (e.g. 30˚, 60˚, 90˚, 120˚, etc.). offset to this figure gives winds gusting to 36 knots. Thus,
Wind Speed - In general, the sum of the wind barbs the symbol in Figure 12-48 indicates the surface wind at
(see Table 12-16) is the sustained surface wind KFRM is coming from a direction of 300° at a speed of
speed. 25 knots, gusting to 36 knots or greater. The data age is
11-20 minutes old.
Wind Speed
Gust Offset Wind Speed
(Blank) Unknown
Short Barb 5 kts
Long Barb 10 kts
≥ 37 kts
Wind Vector
Data Age
Table 12-16 Wind Speed Graphics
Gust Offset
(Blank) Gusts are unknown or < 5 kts above Figure 12-48 Wind Symbol
sustained wind speed.
G10 Wind is gusting 5 - 10 kts more than
(Green) sustained speed.
G11+ Wind is gusting 11 kts or more above its
(Yellow) sustained speed.
Table 12-17 Gust Offset Graphics

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Temperature - Dewpoints
The Temperature-Dewpoint Range symbols (Table
12-18) display the difference between the reported
temperature and dewpoint. Differences are shown in
degrees Fahrenheit.
Temp - Dewpoint Display Ranges

(Blank) Unknown
11°+
(Green)
7° - 10°
(Green)
0° - 6°
(Yellow)
Table 12-18 Temp-Dewpoint Ranges
This symbol in Figure 12-49 displays the difference

between the reported temperature and dewpoint as 6-10
degrees Fahrenheit at KSPW.
Temperature Dewpoint
Figure 12-49 Temp-Dewpoint Symbol

SECTION 13 – FAULT DETECTION
AND EXCLUSION
SECTION 13: FAULT DETECTION Figure 13-1 shows satellite number 9 exclusion during
oceanic phase of flight. No message notifying the user
and EXCLUSION of exclusion appears. In addition to the EPE and DOP
fields, there is the Horizontal Uncertainty Level (HUL)
NOTE: This section is intended for pilots
field which displays a 99% confidence level that the
experienced with the operation of the GPS 500
aircraft position is within a circle with a radius of the value
and are familiar with RAIM. For more information
regarding RAIM, see sections 8.3 and 8.4 of this displayed in the HUL field.
manual. Excluded Satellite Horizontal Uncertainty
(Checkered Pattern) Level
FDE is an acronym that stands for Fault Detection and
Exclusion. FDE was incorporated in the Garmin GPS
500 Main and GPS Software version 3.00 and higher.
FDE algorithms, provide a basis for approval per the
requirements for ‘GPS as a Primary Means of Navigation for
Oceanic/Remote Operations’ per FAA Notice N8110.60.
The oceanic flight phase is used by the GPS 500 when the
aircraft is more than 200 nm from the nearest airport. FDE
requires no pilot interaction during flight, but predicting Oceanic
Mode
the capability of the GPS constellation to provide service
during a flight is done by the pilot prior to departure.
Figure 13-1 Satellite Status Page
13.1 Detection and Exclusion
FDE consists of two distinct parts, fault detection
and fault exclusion. The detection function refers to
the capability to detect a satellite failure which can affect
navigation. Upon detection, the exclusion function
excludes one or more failed satellites and prevent them
from being used during navigation. This allows the GPS to
return to normal performance without interruption. The
process is entirely automated and does not require pilot
interaction during flight. On the Satellite Status Page,
the pilot can view information related to FDE operation.
To enhance safety, FDE functionality is provided for
other phases of flight (non-precision approach, terminal,
enroute). The FDE functionality for non-oceanic flight
phases adheres to the same missed alert probability, false
alert probability, and failed exclusion probability specified
by N8110.60.

SECTION 13 – FAULT DETECTION
AND EXCLUSION
13.2 Pre-Departure Verification of FDE

Since FDE is based upon the exclusion of ‘bad’ satellites,
it is necessary to ensure there will be an adequate number
of satellites in the GPS constellation that are still able to
provide a navigation solution. An FDE prediction must be
performed prior to departure for a flight involving:
• Oceanic/Remote operation where GPS is to be the
sole source of navigation per FAA Notice 8110.60
• U.S. Area Navigation (RNAV) routes, Standard
Instrument Departures (SIDs), or Standard
Terminal Arrival Routes (STARs) if a NOTAM
indicates a GPS satellite (or satellites) is scheduled
to be out-of-service, per FAA AC 90-100 ‘U.S.
Terminal and En Route Area Navigation (RNAV)
Operations’
Prior to departure, the operator must use the FDE
Prediction Program supplied with the 500 Series Trainer
Software (Figure 13-2) to demonstrate that there are no
outages in the capability to navigate on the specified
route of flight (the FDE Prediction Program determines
whether the GPS constellation is robust enough to provide Figure 13-2 Garmin 500 Series Trainer Software
a navigation solution for the specified route of flight). The
trainer software and the document ‘400/500 Series FDE
Prediction Instructions’ (190-00643-00) are available on
Garmin’s website (www.garmin.com) for free download.

SECTION 14 – MESSAGES,
ABBREVIATIONS, & NAV TERMS
SECTION 14: MESSAGES, Altitude input failure - The GPS 500 is

configured to receive altitude serializer data
ABBREVIATIONS, and NAV TERMS (Icarus, Rosetta, or Shadin) and it is not being
received. Or, the data was being received, but has
been interrupted. If a grey code altitude input
14.1 Messages is available, it is used instead. If the problem
The GPS 500 uses a flashing ‘MSG’ annunciator at the persists, contact a Garmin dealer and check the
bottom of the screen (directly above the MSG Key) to installation and installation settings. When this
alert the pilot of any important information or warnings. message occurs, no pilot action is required if
While most messages are advisory in nature, warning enough satellites are available for a 3D position
messages may require pilot intervention. fix (provided no RAIM warnings are present).
When the ‘MSG’ annunciator flashes, press the MSG However, if only a 2D position fix is possible, the
Key to display the message. Press the MSG Key again to pilot should maintain the GPS altitude within
return to the previous page. 1,000 feet of pressure altitude by entering the
The following is a list of available messages and their altitude on the Position Page.
meanings: Approach is not active - The approach could
Airspace ahead -- less than 10 minutes - The not transition to ‘active’, at 2 nm or closer to
GPS-calculated course is projected to enter a the FAF. Verify that ‘SUSP’ DOES NOT appear
special use airspace within 10 minutes. This directly above the OBS Key, indicating the auto
message is automatically disabled within 30 nm of waypoint sequencing is suspended. This message
an arrival airport, when an approach is loaded. also appears if Receiver Autonomous Integrity
Monitoring (RAIM) has determined that sufficient
Airspace near and ahead - The GPS-calculated
GPS satellite coverage DOES NOT exist for the
position is within 2 nm of the boundary of a
current phase of flight (along with a ‘RAIM not
special use airspace and the course is projected
available from FAF to MAP’ message).
to enter the airspace within 10 minutes. This
message is automatically disabled within 30 nm of Approaching target altitude - The current GPS-
an arrival airport, when an approach is loaded. computed altitude is within 500 feet of the final
Vertical Navigation target altitude.
All data referenced to True North - The GPS
500 has not detected a NavData card in the left Approaching VNAV profile - The aircraft is
data card slot. within one minute of reaching the initial Vertical
Navigation descent, or climb, point.
Arrival at waypoint [waypoint name] - The
aircraft is within the arrival alarm circle for the
indicated waypoint. The size of the arrival alarm
circle is defined from the ‘CDI/Alarms’ menu
option on the Setup Page.

Cannot navigate locked FPL - The pilot has Data transfer cancelled (data invalid) - An
attempted to navigate a flight plan (FPL) with attempt to transfer a single user waypoint during a
one or more locked waypoints. A waypoint can unit-to-unit crossfill was cancelled. No waypoint
be ‘locked’ when the NavData card is replaced was specified on the Crossfill Page. Select a user
and the waypoint(s) does not exist in the new waypoint and attempt the transfer again.
database. Data transfer cancelled (version mismatch)
Can’t change an active waypoint - An attempt - An attempt to transfer data during a unit-to-unit
has been made to modify the position of the active crossfill was cancelled. The database versions
‘to’ or ‘from’ waypoint. The GPS 500 does not of the two 500 Series units are not identical. If
allow modifications to user waypoints currently necessary, update the database(s) so they match.
being utilized for navigation guidance. Contact Jeppesen or your Garmin dealer for
Can’t delete an active or FPL waypoint - An assistance.
attempt has been made to delete the active ‘to’ or Data transfer error, please re-transmit - An
‘from’ waypoint. The GPS 500 will not allow the error was detected during unit-to-unit crossfill
deletion of user waypoints currently being utilized of user data (user waypoints and/or flight plans).
for navigation guidance. The data transfer should be attempted again.
CDI key stuck - The CDI Key is stuck in the Data transfer is complete - The unit-to-unit
enabled (or pressed) state. Try pressing the CDI crossfill of user waypoint data has finished.
Key again to cycle its operation. If the message Database changed, validate user modified
persists, contact a Garmin dealer for assistance. procedures - One or more approaches,
Check unit cooling - The GPS 500 has detected departures, or arrivals have been modified from
excessive display backlighting temperature. The their original published form. When the NavData
backlighting has been automatically dimmed card is replaced (database update), the changes in
to reduce the temperature. Check for adequate the new database must be manually verified. This
ventilation or check cooling air flow. Contact a message occurs each time a flight plan containing
Garmin dealer for assistance. a modified procedure (generated from a prior
Data card failure - The GPS 500 has detected database version) is activated. To eliminate the
a problem with the NavData card. The data is message, re-create the flight plan from the new
not usable and the card should be returned to database, then make the desired modifications.
Jeppesen or a Garmin dealer. Degraded accuracy - GPS position accuracy has
Data transfer cancelled (crossfill is busy) been degraded and RAIM is not available. Poor
- An attempt to transfer flight plan data during a satellite geometry (or coverage) has resulted in
unit-to-unit crossfill was cancelled. The host unit a horizontal DOP greater than 4.0. Additional
is busy or unable to communicate. Wait until any cross-checking using another navigation source
previous crossfill operation is complete before is required to verify the integrity of the GPS
attempting the transfer again. position.

Display backlight failure - The 500 Series unit FPL waypoint was deleted - At least one flight
has detected a failure in the display backlighting. plan (FPL) waypoint is no longer available when
The unit should be taken to your Garmin dealer a new NavData card was installed (database
for service. change).
Do not use for navigation - The 500 Series unit GPS is not responding - Internal system-
is in Demo Mode and must not be used for actual to-system communication between the main
navigation. processor and the GPS receiver has failed.
FPL has been truncated - The flight plan (FPL) Operational status of the GPS receiver is unknown
was truncated because not enough room existed and the unit should be returned to a Garmin
to insert an approach, departure, or arrival. This dealer for service.
message also appears when an approach has GPS needs service - The GPS 500 has detected a
been deleted from a stored flight plan because an failure in its GPS receiver. The GPS receiver may
approach could not be found. These conditions still be usable, but the unit should be returned (at
may occur upon power up when a database the earliest convenience) to a Garmin dealer for
change increases the number of waypoints in, service.
or removes an approach from, an instrument GPS stored data was lost - Satellite almanac,
procedure. ephemeris and time data have been lost due to
FPL is full - remove unnecessary waypoints a memory battery failure, system reset, or data
- An attempt has been made to add more than 31 expiration (data over six months old).
waypoints to a flight plan (FPL). The 500 Series Heading input failure - The heading selection
unit does not allow more than 31 waypoints per on the external HSI’s (or CDI’s) OBS course
flight plan. selector cannot be read properly. A Garmin dealer
FPL leg will not be smoothed - The upcoming may need to check the installation.
flight plan (FPL) leg is too short for smooth Inside airspace - A GPS-calculated position lies
waypoint transitions. Expect a rapid change in within the boundaries of a special use airspace.
the CDI. This message is automatically disabled within
FPL waypoint is locked - At least one flight plan 30 nm of an arrival airport, when an approach is
(FPL) waypoint is locked because the waypoint loaded.
has been removed from the current NavData card Invalid closest pt of FPL - A closest point
(database change), the data card is missing, or the cannot be created from the waypoint entered on
data card has failed. the ‘Closest point of flight plan’ window. This
FPL waypoint moved - The position data for occurs when the selected waypoint is beyond the
one or more flight plan (FPL) waypoints moved at limits of all legs in the flight plan, too far away,
least 0.33 arc minutes in the current NavData card or when a unique waypoint name for the closest
(database change). point cannot be created.

Invalid FPL modification - An attempt was No altitude input is being received - No

made to modify the final course segment (FAF to altitude data is being received from RS-232
MAP) of an instrument approach. The GPS 500 (Serializer: Icarus, Rosetta or Shadin) or grey code
does not allow the modifications. inputs. If the problem persists, contact a Garmin
Invalid waypoint ident - An attempt was made dealer and check the installation and installation
to create a user waypoint with an invalid name. settings. When this message occurs, no pilot
The GPS 500 does not allow spaces between action is required if enough satellites are available
characters in the waypoint name. for a 3D position fix (provided no RAIM warnings
are present). However, if only a 2D position fix
MAIN processor requires service - The GPS is possible, the pilot should maintain the GPS
500 has detected a failure in the main system altitude within 1,000 feet of pressure altitude by
processor. The GPS 500 is not usable and should entering the altitude on the Position Page.
be taken to a Garmin dealer for service.
No basemap data available - The GPS 500 has
Memory battery low - The internal battery detected a failure in the built-in basemap (land
that sustains user memory is low and should be data) memory. Land data does not appear on
replaced by a Garmin dealer as soon as possible. the Map Page. Other unit functions continue to
Failure to do so may result in loss of stored work normally, however the GPS 500 should be
data, including flight plans, user waypoints, unit taken to a Garmin dealer for service at the earliest
settings, and satellite data. convenience.
Near airspace -- less than 2 nm - The GPS- Not receiving input data on 429 Channel 1
calculated position is within 2 nm of a special - No data has been received on the ARINC 429
use airspace boundary, but the aircraft is not channel 1 connection for a period exceeding five
projected to enter the airspace. This message is seconds. If the problem persists, the installation
automatically disabled within 30 nm of an arrival should be checked by a Garmin dealer.
airport, when an approach is loaded.
Not receiving input data on 429 Channel 2
Need altitude - display position page - The - No data has been received on the ARINC 429
GPS receiver needs altitude input in order to channel 2 connection for a period exceeding five
start and/or continue 2D navigation. Select the seconds. If the problem persists, the installation
Position Page and verify the altitude reading. If should be checked by a Garmin dealer.
the altitude is in error by more than 500 feet,
enter the current altitude as accurately as possible. Not receiving input data on 232 Channel 1 -
An inaccurate altitude directly translate into No data has been received on the RS-232 channel
inaccurate position information. 1 connection for a period exceeding ten seconds.
If the problem persists, the installation should be
checked by a Garmin dealer.

OBS key stuck - The OBS Key is stuck in the RAIM position warning - Although sufficient
enabled (or pressed) state. Try pressing the OBS GPS satellite coverage may exist, Receiver
Key again to cycle its operation. If the message Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) has
persists, contact a Garmin dealer for assistance. determined the information from one or more
Poor GPS coverage - The GPS receiver cannot GPS satellites may be in error. The resulting
acquire a sufficient number of satellites to GPS position may be in error beyond the limits
compute a position and provide navigation. allowed for the current phase of flight. Cross-
check the position with an alternate navigation
Power down and re-initialize - The GPS 500 source. If the warning occurs during a final
cannot calculate a position due to abnormal approach segment (FAF to MAP), execute the
satellite conditions. The unit is unusable published missed approach.
until power has been cycled off and back on.
Abnormal satellite conditions may exist and Scheduler message - [user entered text] - The
the pilot may need to use an alternate means of user-entered scheduler message time has expired,
navigation. and the scheduler message is displayed.
RAIM is not available - Receiver Autonomous Searching the sky - The GPS 500 is searching
Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) has determined that the sky for GPS satellite almanac data or the GPS
sufficient GPS satellite coverage does not exist for receiver is in AutoLocate Mode. Allow the unit
the current phase of flight. (The CDI/HSI NAV to complete data collection (approximately five
flag also appears.) Select an alternate source for minutes) before turning it off.
navigation guidance. Select auto sequence mode - The OBS Key was
RAIM not available from FAF to MAP pressed, disabling auto sequencing of waypoints
waypoints - When performing an instrument (in a flight plan or instrument procedure). The
approach, Receiver Autonomous Integrity OBS Key should be pressed again to enable auto
Monitoring (RAIM) has determined that sufficient sequencing, because 1) no destination waypoint
GPS satellite coverage does not exist to meet the has been selected or 2) the GPS receiver cannot
required protection limits. Select an alternate currently determine its position.
source for navigation guidance.

Set course to [###]° - The course select for Traffic device needs service - Either the TCAD
the external CDI (or HSI) should be set to the battery or the TCAD interrogation device has
specified course. The message only occurs when failed. If the message persists, contact a Garmin
the current selected course is greater than 10° dealer for assistance.
different from the desired track. Unit configuration has changed - The GPS
Steep turn ahead - This message appears 500 has detected a failure (during initial power
approximately one minute prior to a turn in one up) in its system configuration. Some system
of the following three conditions: 1) the turn components may be unusable. Try cycling power
requires a bank angle in excess of 25° in order off and back on. If the message persists, contact a
to stay on course, 2) the turn requires a course Garmin dealer for assistance.
change greater than 175°, or 3) during a DME arc User card format unknown - A data card has
approach the turn anticipation distance exceeds been inserted, but the format of the card is not
90 seconds. recognized.
Stored data was lost - All user waypoints, flight Waypoint already exists - The name just
plans, and system settings have been lost due to a entered for a user waypoint already exists in
memory battery failure or system reset. memory.
Terrain - See Section 10.3 & 11.3 for complete Waypoint(s) have been replaced - One or more
list of TAWS and TERRAIN related Alerts and user waypoints were updated during a unit-to-
Annunciations. unit crossfill operation.
Terrain configuration conflict - The hardware Waypoint memory is full - The pilot has used
configuration does not match the terrain software all 1000 user waypoint locations in the GPS 500’s
configuration. The operational status of the memory. Delete unwanted waypoint to make
terrain components is unknown and the unit room for new entries.
should be returned to a Garmin dealer for service.
Terrain configuration has changed - The
software has detected a change in the terrain
configuration.
Terrain has failed - The terrain functionality
self-test has failed. The operational status of
the terrain components is unknown and the unit
should be returned to a Garmin dealer for service.
Timer has expired - The count down timer has
reached zero.

14.2 Abbreviations DB Database

The following is a list of abbreviations used on the GPS DEN Density
500 and their meanings: DEP Departure
ACTV Active DIS Distance
ALT Altitude DME Distance Measuring Equipment
APPRCHING Approaching DOP Dilution of Precision
APR Approach DTK Desired Track
APT Airport
ARSPC Airspace EFF Efficiency
ARTCC Air Route Traffic Control Center ELEV Elevation
ARVL Arrival ENDUR Endurance
AUX Auxiliary ENR Enroute
AVGAS Aviation Grade Gasoline ENT Enter
AVTN Aviation EPE Estimated Position Error
ESA Enroute Safe Altitude
BARO Barometric Pressure ETA Estimated Time of Arrival
BRG Bearing To ETE Estimated Time Enroute
°C Degree Celsius °F Degrees Fahrenheit

CAS Calibrated Airspeed FDE Fault Detection and Exclusion
CDI Course Deviation Indicator FF Fuel Flow
CLR Clear FLOW Total Fuel Flow
COM Communications Transceiver FOB Fuel On Board
CRSR Cursor FPL Flight Plan
CTA ICAO Control Area fpm Feet Per Minute
CTAF Common Traffic Advisory Frequency FREQ Frequency
CTR Center (ARTCC) FSS Flight Service Station
CTS Course To Steer ft Feet
CUM Cumulative

G/S Glideslope Lrg Large

gl Gallons lt Liters
GPS Global Positioning System
GS Ground Speed °M Degrees Magnetic
m Meters
HDG Heading mb Millibars of Pressure
hg Inches of Mercury Med Medium
HUL Horizontal Uncertainty Level MHz Megahertz
HWY Highway mi Statute Miles
MOA Military Operations Area
ID Identifier mph Statute Miles Per Hour
ig Imperial Gallons mpm Meters Per Minute
ILS Instrument Landing System mps Meters Per Second
IND Indicated MSA Minimum Safe Altitude
INT Intersection MSG Message
INTEG Integrity MSL Mean Sea Level
mul Multicom
kg Kilograms
kHz Kilohertz NATNL National
km Kilometers NAV Navigation
kph Kilometers Per Hour NAVAID Navigational Aid
kt Knots NDB Non-Directional Radio Beacon
nm Nautical Miles
LAT/LON Latitude/Longitude NRST Nearest
lb Pounds NUM Number
LCL Local
LFOB Left-over Fuel On Board OBS Omnibearing Selector
LOC Localizer OCN Oceanic
LRES Left-over Fuel Reserve Time

P.POS Present Position TMA ICAO Terminal Control Area

PROC Procedure(s) TRANS Transition
PROV Province TRFC Traffic
PWR Power TRK Track (also Ground Track)
TRSA Terminal Radar Service Area
RAD Radial twr Tower
RAIM Receiver Autonomous Integrity TX Transmit
Monitoring
REF Reference uni Unicom
REQ Required/Requirements UTC Coordinated Universal Time
RESTRICTD Restricted (also GMT or ‘zulu’)
RNG Range
RX Receive VAR Variation
VER Version
SID Standard Instrument Departure VFR Visual Flight Rules
Sml Small VLOC VOR/Localizer Receiver
SPD Speed VNAV Vertical Navigation
SQ Squelch VOL Volume
SRFC Surface VOR VHF (Very High Frequency)
STAR Standard Terminal Arrival Route Omnidirectional Radio Range
SUA Special Use Airspace VS Vertical Speed
VSR Vertical Speed Required
°T Degree True
TACAN Tactical Air Navigation WPT Waypoint
TAS True Airspeed WX Weather
TAT Total Air Temperature
TEMP Temperature XTK Crosstrack Error
TERM Terminal
TKE Track Angle Error

14.3 Navigation Terms ALT (altitude) - Height above mean sea level

(MSL).
The following navigation terms are used on the GPS
500 and in this Pilot’s Guide. Refer to Figures 14-1 and BRG (bearing) - The compass direction from the
14-2 for graphic representation of navigation terms. present position to a destination waypoint.
WPT 2
CAS (calibrated airspeed) - Indicated airspeed
NORTH corrected for instrument errors.
CTS (course to steer) - The recommended
DTK direction to steer in order to reduce course error
or stay on course. Provides the most efficient
DIS
BRG
heading to get back to the desired course and
TRK
proceed along the flight plan.
XT
K CUM (cumulative) - The total of all legs in a
flight plan (such as ‘cumulative distance’).
E
AN
AI
RPL DIS (distance) - The ‘great circle’ distance from
S
G
the present position to a destination waypoint.
WPT 1 DOP (dilution of precision) - A measure of
Figure 14-1 Illustrated NAV Terms satellite geometry quality on a scale of one to ten
(lowest numbers are best, highest numbers are
worst).
Vertical DTK (desired track) - The desired course
Navigation
VE
between the active ‘from’ and ‘to’ waypoints.

RT
IC
A
L
NA
EFF (efficiency) - A measure of fuel

VI
G
AT
TIME AND DISTANCE

IO
TO PROFILE
N
consumption, expressed in distance per fuel units

PR
O
FI
VER
LE
CURRENT ALTITUDE
AND POSITION
TIC
AL
SPE
ED
(e.g., nautical miles per gallon).
RE
QUIR
ED
ENDUR (endurance) - Flight endurance, or total
TARGET ALTITUDE
AND POSITION available flight time based upon available fuel.
DISTANCE TO TARGET
EPE (estimated position error) - A measure of
AIRPORT
satellite geometry quality and additional factors,
Figure 14-2 Illustrated Vertical NAV Terms expressed as a horizontal position error in feet or
meters.
ESA (enroute safe altitude) - The
recommended minimum altitude within ten miles,
left or right, of the desired course on an active
flight plan or direct-to.

ETA (estimated time of arrival) - The MSA (minimum safe altitude) - Uses Grid

estimated time at which the aircraft will reach the Minimum Off-route Altitudes (Grid MORAs) to
destination waypoint, based upon current speed determine a safe altitude within ten miles of the
and track. present position. Grid MORAs are one degree
ETE (estimated time enroute) - The time it latitude by one degree longitude in size and clear
will take to reach the destination waypoint, from all reference points within the grid by 1000 feet in
present position, based upon current ground areas where the highest reference point is 5000
speed. feet MSL or lower. If the highest reference point
is above 5000 feet, the Grid MORA will clear the
FF (fuel flow) - The fuel flow rate, expressed in highest reference point by 2000 feet.
fuel units per time (e.g., gallons per hour).
TKE (track angle error) - The angle difference
FOB (fuel on board) - The total amount of between the desired track and the current track.
usable fuel on board the aircraft. An arrow indicates the proper direction to turn to
GS (ground speed) - The velocity the aircraft is reduce TKE to zero.
travelling relative to a ground position. TRK (track) - The direction of movement relative
HDG (heading) - The direction an aircraft is to a ground position. Also referred to as ‘ground
pointed, based upon indications from a magnetic track’.
compass or a properly set directional gyro. VSR (vertical speed required) - The vertical
IND (indicated) - Information provided by speed necessary to descend/climb from current
properly calibrated and set instrumentation in the position and altitude to a defined target position
aircraft panel (e.g., ‘indicated altitude’). and altitude, based upon the current ground
LFOB (left-over fuel onboard) - The amount of speed.
fuel remaining on board after the completion of a XTK (crosstrack error) - The distance the
one or more legs of a flight plan (or a direct-to). aircraft is off a desired course in either direction,
LRES (left-over fuel reserve) - The amount of left or right.
fuel remaining on board after the completion of a
one or more legs of a flight plan (or a direct-to),
expressed in time and based upon a known fuel
consumption (flow) rate.

Blank Page

APPENDIX A
DATA CARD USE
Appendix A: Data Card Use NOTE: There are two data card slots on the
face of the GPS 500 (Figure A-1). The Jeppesen
The Jeppesen NavData card, and the Terrain Data NavData card should be inserted in the left-hand
Card (if applicable) supplied with the GPS 500 can be slot. The right-hand slot is provided for the
installed or removed when the GPS 500 is on or off. If the Terrain Data Card.
NavData card is not present when the unit is turned on, a
‘No Jeppesen Aviation Database - Limited to user defined To insert the NavData or Terrain Data card
waypoints’ message appears on the Database Confirmation (Figure A-2):
Page. If the NavData card is removed during operation, 1) Place the card into the appropriate card slot,
a ‘Data card removed - Unit will restart in 30 seconds’ with the label facing up and the swing arm
warning is displayed. A counter begins to count down handle on the left.
and, if the card is not replaced within 30 seconds, the 2) Press the data card into place until it seats on
GPS 500 automatically re-initializes. Pressing the ENT the internal connector and the front of the card
Key will manually re-initialize the unit. is flush with the face of the GPS 500 unit.
3) If the swing arm handle is extended, gently
lower the handle and push it into place—flush
with the face of the GPS 500 unit.
NavData Terrain Data

Card Slot Card Slot
(left-hand slot) (right-hand slot)
Figure A-1 Data Card Slot Locations
Figure A-2 Data Card Insertion/Removal Detail
190-00181-60 Rev. G GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference A-1

APPENDIX A
DATA CARD USE
To remove the NavData or Terrain data card

(Figure A-2):
1) Gently press on the tab—using a slight
rightward motion—at the front center of the
data card. This partially deploys the swing arm
handle.
Press here to
deploy handle
Figure A-3 Swing Arm Handle Operation
2) Rotate the swing arm handle outward until it

locks into place, perpendicular to the face of
the GPS 500 unit.
3) Grasp the top and bottom surfaces of the
swing arm handle between your thumb and
forefinger, and pull directly away from the face
of the GPS 500 unit to remove the data card.
A-2 GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

APPENDIX B
SPECIFICATIONS
Appendix B: Specifications INTERFACES

ARINC 429
PHYSICAL Aviation RS-232
CDI/HSI
Unit Size: 6.25’W x 11.00’D x 4.60’H RMI (digital:clock/data)
(159 mm x 279 mm x 117 mm) Superflag Out
Unit Weight: 8.5 pounds installed (3.9 kg) Altitude (serial: Icarus, Shadin, Rosetta, or
encoded: Gillham/Greycode)
POWER*
Fuel Sensor
Input: 28 Vdc (early GPS 500 units) Fuel/Air Data
14/28 Vdc (later GPS 500 units)
ENVIRONMENTAL
* Earlier versions of the 500 were designed to be used
Temperature: -20°C to +55°C (operating range) with 28 Vdc power only. For questions on a particular
(-4°F to +131°F) installation, please refer to a Garmin authorized
Humidity: 95% non-condensing service center.
Altitude: -1,500 ft to 50,000 ft
(-457 m to 15,240 m)
GPS PERFORMANCE
Receiver: 12 parallel channel PhaseTrac12™
Acquisition Time: 12 seconds (warm)
45 seconds (cold)
Update Rate: Once per second, continuous
Accuracy: Position - 15 meters (49 ft) RMS
Velocity - 0.1 knot RMS steady state
Dynamics: 999 kts maximum velocity
6g maximum acceleration
190-00181-60 Rev. G GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference B-1

APPENDIX B
SPECIFICATIONS
Blank Page
B-2 GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

APPENDIX C
TROUBLESHOOTING
Appendix C: Troubleshooting NOTE: If RAIM is not predicted to be available for

the final approach course, the approach does not
Q&A become active—as indicated by an ‘Approach is
not active’ message, a ‘RAIM not available from
This section is designed to answer some of the FAF to MAP’ message and INTEG annunciator.
common questions regarding the GPS 500’s capabilities
and operation. If there is a problem operating the unit, Why aren’t there any approaches available for
read through this appendix and refer to the reference my flight plan?
section noted. If the answer to a particular question is
not covered here, use the index to find the appropriate Approaches are available for the final destination
section elsewhere in this manual. If, after reading through airport in a flight plan or as a direct-to (keep in mind
the appropriate reference section, the answer cannot be that some VOR/VORTAC identifiers are similar to airport
found , please see an authorized dealer or contact Garmin identifiers). If a destination airport does not have a
directly at the address or phone numbers listed on page GPS approach, the GPS 500 indicates ‘NONE’ for the
ii. Garmin is dedicated to supporting its products and available procedures—as listed on the Airport Approach
customers. Page (Figure C-1). For more information on selecting an
approach, see Section 5.1.
What is RAIM, and how does it affect approach
operations?
RAIM is an acronym for Receiver Autonomous Integrity
Monitoring, a GPS receiver function that performs a
consistency check on all tracked satellites. RAIM ensures
that the available satellite geometry allows the receiver
to calculate a position within a specified protection limit
(4 nm for oceanic, 2 nm for enroute, 1 nm for terminal
and 0.3 nm for non-precision approaches).
During oceanic, enroute and terminal phases of flight,
RAIM is available nearly 100% of the time. Because of Figure C-1 Airport Approach Page
the tighter protection limit on approaches, there may
be times when RAIM is not available. The GPS 500
automatically monitors RAIM and warns the pilot with an
alert message (Section 13) when it is not available, and
the INTEG annunciator appears at the bottom left corner
of the screen. If RAIM is not available when crossing the
FAF, the pilot must fly the missed approach procedure.
The GPS 500’s RAIM prediction function (Section 13) also
allows the pilot to see whether RAIM is available for a
specified date and time.
190-00181-60 Rev. G GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference C-1

APPENDIX C
TROUBLESHOOTING
What happens when I select an approach? Can I file slant Golf (‘/G’) using my GPS?
Can I store a flight plan with an approach, Yes, the pilot may file a flight plan as /G if the GPS
departure, or arrival? 500 is a certified A1 or A2 installation. If flying enroute,
When loading an approach, departure, or arrival into the pilot may file /G with an expired database only after
the active flight plan, a set of approach, departure, or having verified all route waypoints. Non-precision
arrival waypoints is inserted into the flight plan—along approaches may not be flown with an expired database.
with a header line describing the selected instrument See an approved Airplane Flight Manual Supplement for
procedure (Figure C-2). The original enroute portion of more information.
the flight plan remains active, unless the pilot ‘activates’
What does the OBS key do and when do I use
the instrument procedure; which may be done when the
it?
procedure is loaded or at a later time.
The OBS Key is used to select manual (OBS mode)
or automatic sequencing of waypoints. Activating OBS
mode (as indicated by an OBS annunciation directly
above the OBS Key) holds the current ‘active to’ waypoint
as the navigation reference and prevents the GPS from
sequencing to the next waypoint. When OBS mode is
cancelled, automatic waypoint sequencing is selected, and
the GPS 500 automatically selects the next waypoint in
the flight plan once the aircraft has crossed the present
active-to waypoint.
Figure C-2 Active Flight Plan Page
Flight plans can also be stored with an approach,
departure, or arrival. Keep in mind that the active flight
plan is erased when the unit is turned off and overwritten
when another flight plan is activated. When storing flight
plans with an approach, departure, or arrival, the GPS 500
uses the waypoint information from the current database to
define the waypoints. If the database is changed or updated,
the GPS 500 automatically updates the information if
the procedure has not been modified. If an approach,
departure or arrival procedure is no longer available, the
flight plan becomes locked until the procedure is deleted
from the flight plan or the correct database is installed. For
information on loading an approach, departure, or arrival,
see Section 5.1. See Section 4.1 for instructions on saving
and copying flight plans.
C-2 GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

APPENDIX C
TROUBLESHOOTING
NORMAL (no ‘OBS’ OBS One application for the OBS Key is holding patterns.
annunciator) The OBS Key is used to suspend waypoint sequencing
and select the desired course along the waypoint side of
Automatic sequencing of Manual sequencing- ‘holds’
the hold. For many approach operations, setting and
waypoints on selected waypoint
resetting of waypoint sequencing is automatic. Holding
Change in HSI does not Manually select course to patterns that are part of an approach automatically
affect CDI deflection next waypoint from HSI disable waypoint sequencing, then re-enable waypoint
Always navigates ‘TO’ the Indicates ‘TO’ or ‘FROM’ sequencing after one time around the holding pattern.
active waypoint waypoint A ‘SUSP’ annunciation appears directly above the OBS
Must be in this mode for Cannot be set for final Key (Figure C-3) to indicate that automatic waypoint
final approach course approach course or sequencing is temporarily suspended and course selection
published holding patterns is not available. If more than one trip around the holding
pattern is desired, press the OBS Key to again suspend
When OBS mode is active, the GPS 500 allows the waypoint sequencing. An example of this operation is
pilot to select the desired course to/from a waypoint using an approach which begins with a holding pattern at the
the HSI (much like a VOR) and display a to/from flag for initial approach fix (IAF). See Section 5.2, Flying an
the active-to waypoint. If an external course input is not Approach with a Hold for more information on the ‘SUSP’
available, the pilot may select the OBS course on-screen, annunciation and approaches with holding patterns.
via a ‘Select OBS Course’ pop-up window. With OBS
mode cancelled, the CDI always displays a ‘TO’ indication
for the next waypoint once the aircraft has crossed the
active waypoint (provided the active waypoint is not the
last waypoint). Refer to Section 5.2 for an example using
the OBS Key.
Figure C-3 ‘SUSP’ Annunciation

APPENDIX C
TROUBLESHOOTING
When should I use the OBS key to return to How do I skip a waypoint in an approach,
auto sequencing, and what happens when I do? departure or arrival?
The most common application for using the OBS Key The GPS 500 allows the pilot to manually select any
is the missed approach. The GPS 500 suspends automatic approach, departure, or arrival leg as the active leg of the
waypoint sequencing (indicated by a ‘SUSP’ annunciation flight plan. This procedure is performed from the Active
directly above the OBS Key; see Figure C-4) when the Flight Plan Page by highlighting the desired waypoint and
aircraft crosses the missed approach point (MAP). This pressing the Direct-to Key twice, then press the ENT
prevents the GPS 500 from automatically sequencing Key to approve the selection (Figure C-5). The GPS then
to the missed approach holding point (MAHP). If a provides navigation along the selected flight plan leg, so
missed approach is required, press the OBS Key to return be sure to have clearance to that position. See Section 4.2,
to automatic waypoint sequencing and sequence the Shortcuts for more information.
approach to the MAHP. See Section 5.2, Flying the Missed
Approach for more information on missed approaches.
Figure C-5 Activate Leg Window
Figure C-4 ‘SUSP’ Annunciation How do I fly the GPS with an autopilot and DG
heading bug?
Why won’t my unit automatically sequence to If the installation does not have an HSI, the pilot
the next waypoint? should make the course selections on the external CDI’s
The GPS 500 only sequences flight plan waypoints OBS knob and the DG heading bug.
when automatic sequencing is enabled (i.e., no ‘OBS’ or
‘SUSP’ annunciation directly above the OBS Key). For
automatic sequencing to occur, the aircraft must also cross
the ‘bisector’ of the turn being navigated. The bisector is
a perpendicular line between two flight plan legs which
crosses through the waypoint common to both legs.

APPENDIX C
TROUBLESHOOTING
When does turn anticipation begin, and what When does the CDI scale change, and what
bank angle is expected? does it change to?
The GPS 500 smooths adjacent leg transitions based The GPS 500 begins a smooth CDI scale transition
upon a nominal 15º bank angle (with the ability to roll up from the 5.0 nm (enroute/oceanic mode) to the 1.0 nm
to 25º) and provide three pilot cues for turn anticipation: (terminal mode) scale 30 nm from the destination airport
1) A waypoint alert (‘NEXT DTK ###°’) flashes in the (Figure C-7). The CDI scale further transitions to 0.3
lower right corner of the screen 10 seconds before nm (approach mode) at 2 nm prior to the FAF during
the turn point (Figure C-6). an active approach. If the pilot is in a missed approach
situation, and would like to return the CDI to the 1 nm
scale, activate the missed approach sequence by pressing
the OBS Key, as described in Section 5.2, Flying the
Missed Approach. The CDI scale is also 1.0 nm (terminal
mode) within 30 nm of the departure airport.
MAP
Approach
Figure C-6 Waypoint Alert 0.3 nm
FAF
2) A flashing turn advisory (‘TURN TO ###°’) 2 nm
appears along the bottom of the screen when the 1 nm
aircraft is to begin the turn. Set the HSI to the

next DTK value and begin the turn.
3) The To/From indicator on the HSI (or CDI) Terminal
flips momentarily to indicate that the aircraft
has crossed the midpoint of the turn. For
more information on waypoint alerts and turn 1 nm
advisories, see Sections 5.2 and 5.3.

1 minute
30 nm
5 nm
Enroute/Oceanic
Figure C-7 CDI Scale Transition

APPENDIX C
TROUBLESHOOTING
Why does my CDI not respond like a VOR when How do I re-select the same approach or
OBS mode is active? activate a new approach after a missed
Unlike a VOR, the CDI scale used on GPS equipment approach?
is based on the cross-track distance to the desired course, After flying all missed approach procedures, the pilot
not an angular relationship to the destination (Figure may reactivate the same approach for another attempt from
C-8). Therefore, the CDI deflection on the GPS is the Procedures Page. Once given clearance for another
constant regardless of the distance to the destination, and attempt, activate the approach from the Procedures Page
does not become less sensitive when further away from by highlighting ‘Activate Approach?’ and then pressing the
the destination. For more information on the CDI scale, ENT Key. The GPS 500 provides navigation along the
see Section 8.4. desired course to the waypoint and rejoin the approach
in sequence from that point on. See Section 4.2, Active
Flight Plan Options for information on activating a specific
flight plan leg.
To activate a new approach for the same airport, select
2 2
the new procedure from the Procedures Page. To view
nm nm
the Procedures Page, press the PROC Key and turn the
large right knob to highlight ‘Select Approach?’. Press
the ENT Key and turn the large right knob to highlight
the new desired approach. Press the ENT Key to select
5 nm 5 nm 5 nm 5 nm
the approach, then select the desired transition. Finally,
GPS VOR highlight ‘Activate?’ at the bottom right corner of the screen
and press the ENT Key to activate the new approach.
Figure C-8 CDI Comparison
To activate a new approach to a different airport, press
the Direct-to Key and select the desired airport using
What is the correct missed approach the small and large right knobs. Press the ENT Key to
procedure? How do I select the missed accept the selected airport, then follow the steps in the
approach holding point? preceding paragraph to select an approach for the new
To comply with TSO specifications, the GPS 500 does not airport. See Section 5.1 for more information on selecting
automatically sequence past the MAP. The active-to waypoint and activating approaches.
sequences to the first waypoint in the missed approach
procedure when the OBS Key is pressed after crossing the
MAP. All published missed approach procedures must be
followed, as indicated on the approach plate.
To execute the missed approach procedure prior to the
MAP (not recommended), select the Active Flight Plan
Page, highlight the MAHP, press the Direct-to Key, and
then press the ENT Key twice.

INDEX
A Closest point of flight plan 14-3

CLR Key 1-3
Abbreviations 6-5, 6-7, 6-9, 6-16, 6-17, 6-18, 14-7 Contrast 8-20
Accessories 1-1 Copying flight plans C-2
Activate Leg 4-10, 4-15, C-4 Course from fix flight plan 5-20
Activate the approach 5-4, 5-10, 5-18, C-6 Creating a flight plan 5-5
Activating Flight Plans 4-4 Creating User Waypoints 6-20
Active Flight Plan Options 4-8, 4-10–4-13 Crossfill 2-5, 4-6, 8-2, 8-3, 8-8, 8-9
Active leg 1-11, 2-3, 4-9, 5-7, 5-8, 5-11, 5-12, 5-16, 5-18,
5-21, 5-25, C-4 D
Airport Approach Page 6-5, 6-7, 6-10, 6-11, 6-12, C-1
Airport Location Page 6-2, 6-4, 7-4 Database confirmation page 1-5, A-1
Airport Runway Page 6-6 Database subscriptions 1-5
Airport Type 6-5, 6-7–6-10, 6-12, 6-14 Data fields 1-11, 2-5, 2-7, 2-13, 2-14, 4-10, 8-5
Airspace alert messages 1-16, 7-11, 8-22 Data Link Request Log Page 12-27
Airspace information 1-16 Data Link Status Page 12-33
Altitude 2-24, 14-1, 14-7 Date and time 8-3, 8-8, 8-17, 8-20, C-1
Altitude buffer 7-11, 8-20, 8-21, 8-22 Declutter 1-10, 2-7
Annunciator 1-7, 1-16, 2-17, 2-19, 7-9, 10-7, 11-7, 14-1, Default NAV page 1-9
C-1, C-3 Delete user waypoints 14-2
Approach, best available 6-5 Deleting Flight Plans 4-5
Approach procedures 5-1, 5-8, 5-9, 5-12, 5-16, 5-20, 6-10, Density altitude 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-6
C-6 Departures 1-3, 1-13, 4-9, 4-12, 4-14, 5-1, 5-24, 6-1, 6-14,
Arrivals 1-3, 1-13, 4-9, 4-12, 4-14, 5-1, 6-1, 6-12, 14-2 6-15, 14-2
Arrival alarm 8-18, 8-20, 8-23, 14-1 Departure time 8-6, 8-11, 8-15
Automatic sequencing C-3 Desired track 1-9, 1-11, 2-4, 2-7, 4-8, 5-15, 5-23, 5-24, 8-3,
Automatic zoom 2-10, 2-11 14-6, 14-10, 14-11
Auto Request 12-23, 12-28–12-30 Direct-to Key 1-3
AUX Page Group 8-1 Direct-To Navigation 3-6
Aviation data 2-12, 2-16, 2-19 Display backlighting 14-2, 14-3
Display contrast 8-20
B DIS (distance) 1-9, 1-11, 2-4, 2-7, 4-8, 4-10, 5-6, 5-15, 5-21,
5-22, 6-16, 6-18, 6-20, 6-21, 6-22, 8-3, 8-6, 8-24,
Backlighting 8-20, 8-27,14-2, 14-3 14-7, 14-10
Bearing 1-6,1-9, 2-4, 2-8, 2-13, 2-14, 4-9, 4-13, 7-3, DME Arc 2-3, 5-13
7-5–7-8, 14-7, 14-10 DOP 2-23, 2-24, 13-1, 14-2, 14-7, 14-10
Duplex operations 7-8
C Duplicate waypoints 6-4
CAUTIONS v
CDI key 1-3, 14-2
CDI Scale 2-2, 5-11, 5-15, 5-18, 8-18, 8-19, 8-22, 8-23, C-5,
C-6
Ceiling and Visibility Graphics 12-36
Checklists 1-6, 1-7, 8-10–8-14
190-00181-60 Rev. G GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference I-1

INDEX
E I
ENT Key 1-3 IFR Procedures 1-13
EPE 2-23, 2-24, 13-1, 14-7, 14-10 Insert the NavData card A-1
ETA (estimated time of arrival) 2-4, 4-10, 8-3, 8-6, 14-7, Instrument Panel Self-Test Page 1-6
14-11 INTEG annunciator C-1
ETE (estimated time enroute) 1-11, 2-4, 4-10, 8-3, 8-6 14-7, Intersections 1-9, 1-14, 6-1, 7-1, 7-2, 7-5
14-11 Inverting Flight Plans 4-4
IOI (imminent obstacle impact) 10-5, 11-5
F ITI (imminent terrain impact) 10-5
FDE 1-8, 13-1, 13-2, 14-7 K
Field Elevation 1-3–6, 6-4
Flight phases 8-11, 8-17, 13-1 Keys and Knobs 1-2, 1-3
Flight Planning Page 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-5, 8-6, 8-8, 9-1–9-4 Key and Knob Functions 1-2
Flight plans 1-3, 1-4, 1-17, 3-3, 4-1, 4-6, 4-7, 8-2, 8-3, 8-9,
14-2, 14-4, 14-6, C-2 L
Flight plan catalog 1-17, 1-18, 4-1–4-9, 5-4 Land data 1-5, 2-10, 2-12, 14-4
Flight timers 8-14, 8-15 Land data page 1-5
Forecast Abbreviations 12-35 Large right knob 1-3
FPL Key 1-3 Left-hand Keys and Knobs 1-3
Frequency fields 1-12, 1-14, 1-15, 1-16, 2-10, 2-21, 2-22, Loading an approach C-2
5-2, 5-5, 6-8, 6-9, 6-11, 6-16, 6-17, 7-6, 7-8, 7-10, Local time 8-20, 8-26
14-5 Locked waypoints 14-2
Fuel planning 8-1–8-4
Full Screen Map 2-13 M
G Magnetic variation 6-17, 8-20, 8-24
Main page groups 7-1, 8-1
GDL 49 12-19 Manual sequence 5-20, 5-24
GDL 69/69A 12-19 MAP 3-1, 5-3
Generic timer 8-14, 8-15 Map datums 8-18
GPS iv Map Direct-To 2-8
GPS receiver status 2-23 Map orientation 2-10, 2-11
Ground speed 1-9, 1-11, 2-4, 2-7, 2-14, 2-23, 5-23, 5-24, Map Page 1-9, 1-10, 2-6, 2-7, 2-8, 2-10, 2-14, 3-5, 5-7, 5-8,
8-2, 8-3, 8-5, 8-6, 8-11, 8-15, 8-16, 14-11 5-12, 5-16, 5-18, 5-22, 6-18, 6-20, 8-20, 14-4
Ground track 1-9, 2-4, 14-11 Map page options 2-10
Gust Offset Graphics 12-37 Map Panning 2-8
H Map range 1-2, 1-3, 1-10, 2-6, 2-7, 2-8, 2-11
Map setup 2-7
HOLD 5-9, 5-11, 5-23 Max speed 8-16
Hold, in an approach 5-9, 5-22, C-3 Measurement Units 1-4
Holding pattern 4-15, 5-9, 5-10, 5-11, 5-23, C-3 Measurement units 8-18, 8-20, 8-23, 8-24
MENU Key 1-3
I-2 GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

INDEX
Messages 1-3, 1-16, 2-23, 7-11, 8-3, 8-7, 8-8, 8-21, 8-22, P
14-1
Message Page 1-8, 1-16 Packing List 1-1
METAR 12-19, 12-36 Page groups 1-3, 2-1, 7-1, 8-1
Missed approach 3-1, 5-3, 5-8–5-13, 5-16, 5-20–5-25, 14-5, PDA (premature descent alert) 10-5
C-1, C-4, C-5, C-6 Pointer, panning 2-8, 2-9, 2-13, 3-5, 6-20
Mode S 12-1 Position format 1-4, 8-25
MSA (minimum safe altitude) 2-4, 14-8, 14-11 Position page 14-1, 14-4
MSG Key 1-3 Powering up the GPS 500 1-3, 1-5
Precipitation Graphics 12-36
N Procedures page 1-13, 5-1–5-4, 5-17, 6-14, 6-15, C-6
Procedure turn 4-15, 5-4, 5-7
NAVAID iv, 2-10, 14-8 PROC key 1-3, 1-13, 4-9, 5-1, 5-2, 5-3, 5-5, 5-9, 5-10, 5-14,
NAV/COM page 1-9, 1-12, 1-14, 2-21, 2-22, 5-5 5-17, 5-18, 5-23, C-6
NavData Card 1-5, 1-13, A-1, A-2
Navigation terms 1-9, 1-11, 2-14, 14-10 R
NAV page group 1-4, 2-2
NDB 1-10, 1-14, 2-6, 5-3, 6-2, 6-5, 6-16–6-19, 6-21, 7-3, Radar coverage 6-5
7-5, 14-8 RAIM prediction 8-16
Nearest (NRST) Pages 1-14 RAIM protection limits 8-17
Nearest airport criteria 8-21, 8-27, 8-28 Reference waypoint 4-9, 4-13, 6-18–6-23
Nearest Airport Page 1-14, 1-15, 7-2, 7-3, 7-4, 8-21 Remove the NavData card A-2
Nearest airspace 1-14 Removing approaches 4-14
Nearest Airspace Page 7-9 Requesting Graphical METARS 12-28
Nearest ARTCC 1-14, 7-8 Request METAR 12-26
Nearest ARTCC Page 7-8 Request NEXRAD 12-26
Nearest FSS 1-14, 7-2, 7-8 RNG key 1-3, 2-6, 2-16, 2-19, 6-6, 6-7
Nearest FSS Page 7-8 Roads 2-8, 2-12
Nearest Intersection Page 1-14, 7-5 ROC 11-5
Nearest NDB Page 1-14, 7-5 RTC (required terrain clearance) 10-5
Nearest User Waypoint Page 1-14, 7-7 Runway information 1-14, 7-4
Nearest VOR Page 1-14, 7-6
NEXRAD 12-19
S
NEXRAD Intensity 12-21 Satellite Status Page 1-7, 2-23, 13-1
NEXRAD Request Page 12-22 Scheduler message 14-5
NOAA 12-21 Scroll Bar 1-4, 2-22, 7-3, 7-5, 7-6
Non-Bearing Traffic Advisory 12-8 Select Approach 1-13, 4-11, 5-1, 5-4, 5-9, 6-11, C-6
NRST Page Group 1-14, 7-1 Select Arrival 1-13, 4-12, 5-1
Select Departure 1-13, 4-12, 5-1
O Self test 1-5
OBS key 1-3, 5-8, 5-9, 5-11, 5-13, 5-16, 5-20–5-25, 14-1, Setup 1 Page 8-18, 8-24, 8-26
14-5, C-2–C-6 Setup 2 Page 8-21, 8-28
Odometer 8-16 Shortcuts 3-4, 4-14
Overzoom 2-7 SIDs 1-13, 13-2
190-00181-60 Rev. G GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference I-3

INDEX
Signal strength 1-7, 2-23 U

Sky view 2-23
Small right knob 1-3 Units of measure 1-4, 8-18, 8-20, 8-23, 8-24
Software/database version 8-10 User Waypoint List 6-22, 6-23, 6-25
Sort List 4-7, 8-14 User Waypoint Page 6-18, 6-19, 6-20, 6-21, 6-22, 6-23, 7-7
Specifications B-1 Utility Page 8-10–8-14, 8-16, 8-17, 8-18
Squelch 14-9
STARs 1-13, 13-2
V
SUSP 5-8, 5-11, 5-13, 5-16, 5-20–5-25, 14-1, C-3, C-4 Vectors-To-Final 2-3, 5-17
Symbols 2-3, 2-6, 2-17, 2-20, 6-16, 6-17 Vertical Navigation 14-1, 14-9
Volume 1-5
T VORs 1-9, 1-14, 2-10, 2-16, 2-19, 3-2, 6-1, 6-17, 7-1, 7-2,
Target pointer 2-8, 2-9, 6-20 7-6
TAS (Traffic Advisory Systems) 12-12 VSR 2-4, 14-9, 14-11
TAWS 10-6, 11-5
TAWS Page 2-15
W
TCAS 12-1, 12-12 Warranty v, vi
Temp-Dew Point Ranges 12-38 Waypoint alerts C-5
TERMS 14-1 Waypoint List 6-22, 6-23, 6-25
TERRAIN 1-9, 2-15–2-20, 10-1, 10-5, 10-7, 11-1, 11-7 Waypoint sequencing 2-3, 5-11, 5-23, 14-1, C-2, C-3, C-4
TERRAIN Page 1-9, 2-15–2-19, 10-7, 11-7 Weather Age Graphic 12-36
Terrain separation iv Weather broadcast 6-16, 6-17
Thumbnail Traffic 12-9 Weather Data Link 12-1, 12-19
Timers 8-10, 8-11, 8-14 Weather Legend Page 12-31
TIS (Traffic Information Service) 12-1 Winds aloft 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-6
Track (TRK) 1-6, 1-9, 1-11, 2-4, 2-7, 2-11, 2-12, 2-14, 2-23, Wind Speed Graphics 12-37
4-8, 5-15, 5-23, 5-24, 8-3, 8-6, 8-20, 14-6, 14-10, WPT page group 4-15, 6-1, 6-2, 6-17
14-11, C-6
Traffic Advisory 12-4
Traffic coasting 12-7
Traffic Ground Track 12-5
Traffic Page 12-5
Traffic Warning Window 12-7
Transitions 4-11, 4-12, 5-1, 5-5, 5-10, 5-17, 6-10–6-15,
14-3, C-5
Trip planning 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-5
Trip statistics 8-10, 8-16
Turn advisories C-5
Turn anticipation 14-6, C-5
I-4 GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

Garmin International, Inc.
1200 East 151st Street
Olathe, KS 66062, U.S.A.
p: 913.397.8200 f: 913.397.8282
Garmin AT, Inc.

2345 Turner Road SE
Salem, OR 97302, U.S.A.
p: 503.391.3411 f: 503.364.2138
Garmin (Europe) Ltd.

Liberty House, Bulls Copse Road
Hounsdown Business Park
Southampton, SO40 9RB, U.K.
p: +44/ (0) 870.8501241 f: +44/ (0) 870.8501251
Garmin Corporation
No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road
Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan
p: 886/2.2642.9199 f: 886/2.2642.9099
www.garmin.com
© 2009 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries 190-00181-60 Rev. G

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GPS 500

Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Revision Date of Revision Description

190-00181-60 Rev. G GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference i

Copyright © 2009 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved.

December 2009 190-00181-60 Rev. G Printed in the U.S.A.

ii GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION. .......................................... 1-1 7.5 Nearest VOR Page..................................................... 7-6

190-00181-60 Rev. G GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference iii

iv GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

190-00181-60 Rev. G GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference v

AVIATION LIMITED WARRANTY

vi GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION The Garmin dealer performs the installation and

190-00181-60 Rev. G GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 1-1

1 Power 6 ENT (enter) 11 MSG (message)

1-2 GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

Left-hand Keys and Knobs Bottom Row Keys

1-4 GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

Figure 1-4 Unit Type Page

190-00181-60 Rev. G GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 1-5

1-6 GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

Viewing the Checklists Page:

Figure 1-7 Fuel Flow Selected

The Instrument Panel Self-test Page includes selections

NOTE: The GPS 500 can hold up to nine checklists

2) Press the ENT Key and verify that fuel on board

190-00181-60 Rev. G GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 1-7

Figure 1-11 Message Page

1-8 GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

Page Groups NAV Pages

Current Page Group Number of Pages in Position of

190-00181-60 Rev. G GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 1-9

1-10 GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

Figure 1-14 Direct-to Waypoint Page

5) Press the ENT Key to confirm the identifier. The

Figure 1-16 Default NAV Page

The Default NAV Page (Figure 1-18) displays a graphic

190-00181-60 Rev. G GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 1-11

Changing the data fields: NAV/COM Page

Figure 1-17 Default NAV Page Menu

2) Turn the large right knob to select the data

1-12 GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

Displaying frequencies for a different IFR Procedures

Figure 1-20 Airport Window

190-00181-60 Rev. G GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 1-13

4) For approaches, a window appears (Figure Nearest (NRST) Pages

1-14 GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

Displaying the NRST pages:

Figure 1-23 Nearest Airport Page

2) To scroll through the list, press the small right

4) To display runway and frequency information,

190-00181-60 Rev. G GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 1-15

Figure 1-27 Nearest Airspace Page

Figure 1-26 Direct-To Waypoint Page

1-16 GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00181-60 Rev. G

Figure 1-28 Messages Page