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Bayesian Net Example

The document describes a Bayesian network with five nodes: A, B, C, D, and E. It provides the conditional probabilities between the nodes and works through several examples of computing probabilities in the network, such as the probability of D=T, the probability of D=F and C=T, and the probability of A=T given C=T and E=T.

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85 views

Bayesian Net Example

The document describes a Bayesian network with five nodes: A, B, C, D, and E. It provides the conditional probabilities between the nodes and works through several examples of computing probabilities in the network, such as the probability of D=T, the probability of D=F and C=T, and the probability of A=T given C=T and E=T.

Uploaded by

nour
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3/18/2018 Bayesian Net Example

Bayesian Net Example


Consider the following Bayesian network:

Thus, the independence expressed in this Bayesian net are that


A and B are (absolutely) independent.
C is independent of B given A.
D is independent of C given A and B.
E is independent of A, B, and D given C.

Suppose that the net further records the following probabilities:

Prob(A=T) = 0.3
Prob(B=T) = 0.6
Prob(C=T|A=T) = 0.8
Prob(C=T|A=F) = 0.4
Prob(D=T|A=T,B=T) = 0.7
Prob(D=T|A=T,B=F) = 0.8
Prob(D=T|A=F,B=T) = 0.1
Prob(D=T|A=F,B=F) = 0.2
Prob(E=T|C=T) = 0.7
Prob(E=T|C=F) = 0.2

Some sample computations:

Prob(D=T)

P(D=T) =

P(D=T,A=T,B=T) + P(D=T,A=T,B=F) + P(D=T,A=F,B=T) + P(D=T,A=F,B=F) =

https://cs.nyu.edu/faculty/davise/ai/bayesnet.html 1/4
3/18/2018 Bayesian Net Example

P(D=T|A=T,B=T) P(A=T,B=T) + P(D=T|A=T,B=F) P(A=T,B=F) +


P(D=T|A=F,B=T) P(A=F,B=T) + P(D=T|A=F,B=F) P(A=F,B=F) =
(since A and B are independent absolutely)

P(D=T|A=T,B=T) P(A=T) P(B=T) + P(D=T|A=T,B=F) P(A=T) P(B=F) +


P(D=T|A=F,B=T) P(A=F) P(B=T) + P(D=T|A=F,B=F) P(A=F) P(B=F) =

0.7*0.3*0.6 + 0.8*0.3*0.4 + 0.1*0.7*0.6 + 0.2*0.7*0.4 = 0.32

Prob(D=F,C=T)

P(D=F,C=T) =

P(D=F,C=T,A=T,B=T) + P(D=F,C=T,A=T,B=F) +
P(D=F,C=T,A=F,B=T) + P(D=F,C=T,A=F,B=F) =

P(D=F,C=T|A=T,B=T) P(A=T,B=T) + P(D=F,C=T|A=T,B=F) P(A=T,B=F) +


P(D=F,C=T|A=F,B=T) P(A=F,B=T) + P(D=F,C=T|A=F,B=F) P(A=F,B=F) =
(since C and D are independent given A and B)

P(D=F|A=T,B=T) P(C=T|A=T,B=T) P(A=T,B=T) + P(D=F|A=T,B=F) P(C=T|A=T,B=F)


P(A=T,B=F) +
P(D=F|A=F,B=T) P(C=T|A=F,B=T) P(A=F,B=T) + P(D=F|A=F,B=F) P(C=T|A=F,B=F)
P(A=F,B=F) =
(since C is independent of B given A and A and B are independent absolutely)

P(D=F|A=T,B=T) P(C=T|A=T) P(A=T) P(B=T) + P(D=F|A=T,B=F) P(C=T|A=T)


P(A=T) P(B=F) + P(D=F|A=F,B=T) P(C=T|A=F) P(A=F) P(B=T) + P(D=F|A=F,B=F)
P(C=T|A=F) P(A=F) P(B=F) =

0.3*0.8*0.3*0.6 + 0.2*0.8*0.3*0.4 + 0.9*0.4*0.7*0.6 + 0.8*0.4*0.7*0.4 = 0.3032

Prob(A=T|C=T)

P(A=T|C=T) = P(C=T|A=T)P(A=T) / P(C=T).

Now P(C=T) = P(C=T,A=T) + P(C=T,A=F) =


P(C=T|A=T)P(A=T) + P(C=T|A=F)P(A=F) =
0.8*0.3+ 0.4*0.7 = 0.52

So P(C=T|A=T)P(A=T) / P(C=T) = 0.8*0.3/0.52= 0.46.

Prob(A=T|D=F)
https://cs.nyu.edu/faculty/davise/ai/bayesnet.html 2/4
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P(A=T|D=F) =

P(D=F|A=T) P(A=T)/P(D=F).

Now P(D=F) = 1-P(D=T) = 0.68 from the first question above.

P(D=F|A=T) = P(D=T,B=T|A=T) + P(D=F,B=F|A=T) =

P(D=F|B=T,A=T) P(B=T|A=T) + P(D=F|B=F,A=T) P(B=F|A=T) =


(since B is independent of A)

P(D=F|B=T,A=T) P(B=T) + P(D=F|B=F,A=T) P(B=F) = 0.3*0.6 + 0.2*0.4 = 0.26.


So P(A=T|D=F) = P(D=F|A=T) P(A=T)/P(D=F) = 0.26 * 0.3 / 0.68 = 0.115

Prob(A=T,D=T|B=F).

P(A=T,D=T|B=F) =

P(D=T|A=T,B=F) P(A=T|B=F) =
(since A and B are independent)

P(D=T|A=T,B=F) P(A=T) = 0.8*0.3 = 0.24.

Prob(C=T | A=F, E=T)

Prob(C=T | A=F, E=T) = (By Bayes' law)

Prob(E=T|C=T,A=F) * Prob(C=T|A=F) / Prob(E=T|A=F) = (since E is independent of A


given C)

Prob(E=T|C=T) * Prob(C=T|A=F) / Prob(E=T|A=F).

Now Prob(E=T|A=F) = Prob(E=T,C=T|A=F) + Prob(E=T,C=F|A=F) =

Prob(E=T|C=T,A=F) Prob(C=T|A=F) + Prob(E=T|C=F,A=F) Prob(C=F|A=F) = (since E


is independent of A given C)

Prob(E=T|C=T) * Prob(C=T|A=F) + Prob(E=T|C=F) * Prob(C=F|A=F).

So we have
Prob(C=T | A=F, E=T) =
Prob(E=T|C=T) * Prob(C=T|A=F) / (Prob(E=T|C=T) * Prob(C=T|A=F) + Prob(E=T|C=F)
* Prob(C=F|A=F)) =
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0.7*0.4 / (0.7 * 0.4 + 0.2 * 0.6) = 0.7

https://cs.nyu.edu/faculty/davise/ai/bayesnet.html 4/4

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