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    A Review On Energy From Biomass: (Non Conventional Energy Sources)

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    Juzer Shabbir
    The document discusses biomass and biogas as renewable and non-conventional sources of energy. It notes that biomass includes organic materials from plants, trees and crops, and that biogas is produced through the anaerobic digestion of biomass. The document outlines some of the key technologies used to convert biomass into useful energy forms like heat, electricity and liquid fuels. It also provides information on biogas composition and applications, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of biomass energy.

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    A Review On Energy From Biomass: (Non Conventional Energy Sources)

    Uploaded by

    Juzer Shabbir
    38 views19 pages
    The document discusses biomass and biogas as renewable and non-conventional sources of energy. It notes that biomass includes organic materials from plants, trees and crops, and that biogas is produced through the anaerobic digestion of biomass. The document outlines some of the key technologies used to convert biomass into useful energy forms like heat, electricity and liquid fuels. It also provides information on biogas composition and applications, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of biomass energy.

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    The document discusses biomass and biogas as renewable and non-conventional sources of energy. It notes that biomass includes organic materials from plants, trees and crops, and that biogas is produced through the anaerobic digestion of biomass. The document outlines some of the key technologies used to convert biomass into useful energy forms like heat, electricity and liquid fuels. It also provides information on biogas composition and applications, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of biomass energy.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    38 views19 pages

    A Review On Energy From Biomass: (Non Conventional Energy Sources)

    Uploaded by

    Juzer Shabbir
    The document discusses biomass and biogas as renewable and non-conventional sources of energy. It notes that biomass includes organic materials from plants, trees and crops, and that biogas is produced through the anaerobic digestion of biomass. The document outlines some of the key technologies used to convert biomass into useful energy forms like heat, electricity and liquid fuels. It also provides information on biogas composition and applications, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of biomass energy.

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    of 19

    A REVIEW ON ENERGY FROM

    BIOMASS
    (NON CONVENTIONAL ENERGY
    SOURCES)

    Sanjana:EEE
    Alekhya:EEE
    Importance of non-conventional
    sources of energy:
    1. The non-conventional sources of energy are abundant in
    nature. According to energy experts the non-conventional
    energy potential of India is estimated at about 95,000 MW.
    2. These are renewable resources. The non-conventional
    sources of energy can be renewed with minimum effort and
    money.
    3. Non-conventional sources of energy are pollution-free and
    eco-friendly
    Bio-Energy

    • Bioenergy is renewable energy made available from materials derived from


    biological sources.

    • Biomass is any organic material, may include wood, wood waste, straw,
    manure, sugar cane and many other byproducts from a variety of
    agricultural processes.
    Biomass

     Biomass is organic matter produced by plants – terrestrial and


    aquatic – and their derivatives. It includes
    1. Forest crops and residues
    2. Crops specially grown in ‘energy farms’ for their energy content
    3. Animal manure
    Biomass Energy
    • Biomass continues to account for an estimated 1/3rd of primary
    energy use, while in the poorest counties up to 90% of all energy is
    supplied by biomass

    • Biomass energy, or bio energy is the conversion of biomass (organic


    material originating from plants, trees, and crops and essentially
    the collection and storage of the sun’s energy through
    photosynthesis) into useful forms of energy such as heat, electricity,
    and liquid fuels
    Biomass Energy Conversion Technologies

    Biomass energy conversion technologies/applications include:

    • Combustion

    • Gasification

    • Anaerobic Digestion

    • Liquid Biofuels
    Deenabandhu Biogas Project Model
    Present State of Biomass Energy
    in India

    • 3,500 MW of power generation through biogases based co-


    generation in sugar mills.

    • 537 MW has so far been commissioned

    • 536 MW is under installation


    Anaerobic digestion & Regenerative Thermal Oxidiser component of Lubeck Mechanical
    Biological Treatment plant in Germany, 2007
    Biomass How It Will Work ??

    ** By Alternative Investor **
    Typical composition of biogas

    Matter %

    Methane, CH4 50-75

    Carbon dioxide, CO2 25-50

    Nitrogen, N2 0-10

    Hydrogen, H2 0-1

    Hydrogen sulfide, H2S 0-3

    Oxygen, O2 0-
    Stack
    Heat Recovery Steam Generator
    HRSG

    Dry duly treated biomass Removal of pollutants

    Thermal Output

    HRSG
    SHREDDER
    Pre-heated Electrical
    Superheated
    Feed water BOILER output Output
    Refuse derived
    AIR fuel
    CLASSIFIER
    FURNACE Condenser

    Aux fuel Pre-heated


    Metal Glass
    air
    Cooling
    Recycled Boiler Tower
    Ash to landfill Feed
    water
    MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE (MSW) TO ENERGY INCINERATION PLANT
    Main Advantages of Biomass Energy

    • Indigenous source
    • Economic development opportunities in rural areas
    • The pollutant emissions from combustion of biomass are usually lower
    than those from fossil fuels
    • Commercial use of biomass
    • Improve fertility of soil
    Environmental Advantages

    • Renewable resource
    • Reduces landfills
    • Protects clean water supplies
    • Reduces acid rain and smog
    • Reduces greenhouse gases
    • Carbon dioxide
    • Methane
    Disadvantages of Biomass Energy

    • It is dispersed and land intensive as a source

    • It is often of low energy density

    • It is labour intensive and the cost of collecting large quantities for


    commercial application is significant
    Fuel Properties of Biogas

    Calorific Value
    60% Methane : 22.350 to 24.22 MJ/m3.
    Without CO2 : 33.525 to 35.390 MJ/m3.
    Octane rating without CO2 : 130
    Octane rating with CO2 : 110
    Ignition temperature : 6500 C
    Air to methane ratio for complete
    Combustion (by volume) : 10 to 1
    Explosive limits to air (by volume) : 5 to 15
    Applications
    • Anaerobic digestion is used for effluent and sewage treatment.

    • Anaerobic digestion is a simple process that can greatly reduce the


    amount of organic matter which might otherwise be destined to be
    landfilled or burnt in an incinerator.

    • Almost any organic material can be processed with anaerobic digestion.


    This includes biodegradable waste materials such as waste paper, grass
    clippings, leftover food, sewage and animal waste.

    • Anaerobic digesters can also be fed with specially grown energy crops
    such as silage for dedicated biogas production.
    Thank You

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