Ecahandouts ThesisOutline
Ecahandouts ThesisOutline
Ecahandouts ThesisOutline
Types of research
Pure/basic or fundamental research
Aim to discover new truth, new facts, etc. which may not have an immediate practical
utility.
Applied research
Seeking new application to the solution of a problem (new device, new method, new
procedure) in order to solve the problem.
Action Research
Decision–oriented research designed to diagnose problems or weaknesses and
develop practical solutions to address the problem quickly and efficiently to improve
the existing practices.
Classification of research
Field research
Library research
Laboratory
Methods of Research
Experimental
Descriptive
Historical
Case and clinical studies
Research Proposal
A communication prepared at the beginning to convince funding agency, an adviser or
a committee.
A plan which is subject for review and approval.
A plan that shows the outline of work to be done throughout the project.
Research Title
a distinctive name given to a proposal in specific, clear and concise terms (15 words or
less)
should give the reader as much information in a few words as possible
can be written in a declarative statement or question
form
SMART (SPECIFIC, MEASURABLE, ACHIEVABLE, REALISTIC AND TIME-
BASED)
Introduction (composition)
Rationale
Objectives
Review of related literatures
Hypothesis
Significance of the study
Conceptual framework
Scope and limitations of the study
Introduction
Rationale (2 – 4 pages)
(first paragraph)- is the most important part of the introduction.
-renders an exposition of the situation that has made the study necessary.
(What has happened?)
- provides a narrative hook to the reader which causes the reader to pay attention
and to continue reading.
General objective
can be stated in a similar manner as the Title but not necessarily in the same words.
Specific objectives
related to the different stages of the project; should be expressed in verifiable
terms
i.e. using words like “determine, analyze, characterize, evaluate, compare, and identify”
rather than “study, survey, examine, quantify, and investigate”
Hypothesis Formulation
Hypothesis is an educated guess or prediction that provides an explanation for an
observed event (a measurable result or condition).
If it can’t be measured, you can’t form a hypothesis because you can’t confirm or reject
it.
It takes an IF – THEN statement.
What are you interested in?
What are you curious about?
Ex. Effect of noise during studying.
What is the effect of noise during studying?
Formulate the Hypothesis: (IF-THEN)
“ If the noise will increase during studying, then the students performance on their
test scores will decrease”
1. Who are to benefit the research results and how each will be benefitted?
2. In what specific way could the findings be used?
3. Will it have utility to the individual researcher?
4. Will it have an impact to the community, school, or any group of people or
institutions?
5. What is happening around that makes the researcher feel the problem should be
explored?
Expected Output
this refers to the products of the investigation which would contribute and increase the
stock of knowledge
if the research is successful, how will the results be used
who will use the results and how will the users be given access to them
Definition of terms
Relevant experience of the proponent
Working bibliography
Budgetary Requirement
Be realistic in your needs
Include salaries, equipment and supplies, travels, indirect cost, publication cost,
communication, personnel services, representation, etc. (external funding)
GAA (no capital outlay for equipment)
Problem definition
clearly stated
conform to the goals stated in the project announcement
other published work taken into account
valuable in its particular field of study
Research methodology
research plan optimal for the proposed objectives
will the data permit reasonable conclusion to be drawn?
are cost and time frame reasonable?
are the choice of equipment appropriate?
Institutional Capability
possess the necessary resource to complete the project
proponents technical capability
DISCUSSION. When discussing implications, deal with both the theoretical and the practical.
Present only interpretations of the findings, not opinion.
A. Brief overview.
B. Discussion of results of application of method. Implications.
C. Discussion of descriptive analysis. Implications.
D. Discussion of tests of hypothesis. Implications.
E. Post-hoc analysis. Implications.
APPENDICES. Bibliographic essay. Questionnaire and coding manual, if any. Raw data.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. Include all relevant sources examined, whether cited or not
References: