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TOPIK 10 : PERIMETER DAN LUAS
(a) Mengenal pasti perimeter kawasan
identify the perimeter of a region
(b) Mencari perimeter bagi satu kawasan tertutup oleh garis lurus
find the perimeter of a region enclosed by straight lines
Perimeter  jumlah ukuran panjang bagi garis luaran bagi sesuatu bentuk tertutup
the total length of the outline of a closed figure

f
c
a c a e
a h g
b c
b b d
Perimeter = a + b+ c Perimeter =2a+2b Perimeter =

(1) Rajah menunjukkan sebuah poligon. (2) Rajah menunjukkan sebuah poligon.

4 cm
15 cm
5 cm
4 cm
7 cm
3.5 cm
12 cm
3 cm
Cari perimeter, dalam cm, bagi rajah.
Cari perimeter, dalam cm, bagi rajah.
4 =,44,

(c) solve problems involving perimeter

 c =
c
a PYTHAGORAS NUMBERS  a =
 b =
b

a b c a b c a b c a b c a b c
3 4 5 12 7 24 8 15 9 40
8 10 24 26 48 50 30 34
9 15
16 20 20 21
`

(1) Dalam rajah, PQRV ialah sebuah rombus dan (2) Dalam rajah, PQRS ialah sebuah segitiga. PQR
STUV adalah segiempat sama. RST dan PVS adalah garis lurus.
adalah garis lurus. S
P
25 cm
24 cm
Q
3 cm
V U P Q R
39 cm
R
4 cm S T Cari perimeter, dalam cm, bagi seluruh rajah.
Perimeter, dalam cm, bagi seluruh rajah ialah
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(3) In the diagram, TUVW is a square and PQRS is (4) In the diagram, PQRS and SVUT are
a rectangle. RSTW is a straight line and rectangles. M, N, T and V are midpoints of
ST = TW. PQ, QR, RS and SP respectively.

P M Q
Q P
10 cm 12 cm V U N
T W
R S
12 cm S T R
28 cm
U V 16 cm

Calculate the perimeter, in cm, of the shaded

Calculate the perimeter, in cm, of the whole region.
diagram.

(5) In the diagram, PQRS is a rectangle and PES is (6) In the diagram, RSTU is a square with sides of
an equilateral triangle. F is the midpoint of PQ. 5 cm.

P F Q R S
4 cm
5 cm 4 cm
P Q
S 24 cm R

Calculate the perimeter, in cm, of the shaded

Find the perimeter, in cm, of the shaded region. region.

(7) In the diagram, PQRS is a square and PVST is a (8) In the diagram, PQRS is a square and PQUT is a
rectangle. PUS and TUV are straight line. parallelogram.

Q U
10 cm T V
Q
R
P V
P 13 cm
5 cm
U S R
T 8 cm S
Given PT = QV, calculate the perimeter, in cm,
Find the perimeter, in cm, of the shaded region. of the whole diagram.
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(c) menganggar luas bagi sesuatu bentuk
estimate the area of a shape

(1) The diagram is drawn on a square grid of sides (2) The diagram is drawn on a square grid of sides
1 unit. 1 unit.

Find the area, in unit2, of the shaded region. Find the area, in unit2, of the shaded region.

(e) find the area of a rectangle

(f) identify the heights of triangles, parallelograms and trapeziums
(g) find the areas of triangles, parallelograms and trapeziums
NOTE :
Rectangle = Square = Parallelogram =

b b
a a a
area = a  b area = a  b
area area area = a  a area area
a = @ b = a = @ b =
b a b a

Triangle = Trapezium =
a
a
b b b b
h a h
a a a
b h b

area = 1
2
ab area = 1
2
 (a + b)  h

area  2 area  2 area  2 area  2

a = @ b= h = @ a+ b =
b a ab h

f) Cari nilai bagi luas gambarajah berikut.

(1) The diagram shows a rectangle. (2) The diagram shows a square.
8 cm
5 cm
4 cm

Find the area, in cm2, of the rectangle. Find the area, in cm2, of the square.
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(3) The diagram shows a parallelogram. (4) The diagram shows a triangle.

7 cm 6 cm

12 cm 9 cm
Find the area, in cm2, of the parallelogram. Find the area, in cm2, of the triangle

(5) The diagram shows a triangle. (6) The diagram shows a triangle.

4 cm 8 cm

5 cm 7 cm
Find the area, in cm2, of the triangle. Find the area, in cm2, of the triangle.

(7) The diagram shows a trapezium. (8) The diagram shows a trapezium.
8 cm 10 cm
6 cm 15 cm

15 cm 18 cm
Find the area, in cm2, of the trapezium. Find the area, in cm2, of the trapezium.

(9) The diagram shows a rectangle. (10) The diagram shows a square.

7 cm

h cm

If the area of the rectangle is 63 cm2, find the If the area of the square is 144 cm2, find the
value of h. length, in cm, of its side.

(11) The diagram shows a parallelogram. (12) The diagram shows a triangle.

h cm y cm

18 cm 6 cm

If the area of the parallelogram is 216 cm2, find If the area of the triangle is 63 cm2, find the
the value of h. value of h.
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(13) The diagram shows a triangle. (14) The diagram shows a triangle.

8 cm h cm

x cm 12 cm

If the area of the triangle is 24 cm2, find the If the area of the triangle is 48 cm2, find the
value of x. value of h.
. A. 6 . A. 8
B. 8 B. 12
C. 10 C. 16
D. 12 D. 20

(15) The diagram shows a trapezium. (16) The diagram shows a trapezium.

9 cm 6 cm
h cm 8 cm

15 cm x cm
If the area of the trapezium is 72 cm2, find the If the area of the trapezium is 68 cm2, find the
value of h. value of x.
A. 4 A. 9
B. 6 B. 10
C. 8 C. 11
D. 10 D. 12

(h) solve problems involving areas of rectangle

(1) The diagram shows a polygon. (2) The diagram shows a rectangular photo frame with
a border of 2 cm all around.
18 cm
2 cm
4 cm
8 cm

10 cm
10 cm
2 cm

10 cm
Find the area, in cm2, of the border.
Calculate the area, in cm2, of the diagram.
A. 72
A. 132
B. 88
B. 142
C. 112
C. 152
D. 216
D. 162

(i) find the areas of figures made up of triangles, rectangles, parallelograms and trapeziums
(j) solve problems involving the areas of triangles, rectangles, parallelograms and trapeziums
(1) The diagram shows a trapezium. (2) In the diagram, QRST is a parallelogram and
PQR is a straight line.
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13 cm P 6 cm Q R

8 cm
10 cm
12 cm T S

Given TS = 2 PQ, calculate the area, in cm2, of

Calculate the area, in cm2, of the trapezium. the whole diagram.
A. 126 A. 48
B. 138 B. 96

C. 150 C. 120
D. 144
D. 162

(3) The diagram shows a rectangle and two isosceles (4) In the diagram, JKLM is a trapezium.
triangles.
J 7 cm K
17 cm
5 cm 13 cm
6 cm 5 cm

16 cm M 13 cm L

Calculate the area, in cm2, of the whole diagram. Calculate the area, in cm2, of the shaded region.

A. 228 A. 100

B. 240 B. 130

C. 296 C. 139

D. 336 D. 160
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(5) The diagram a trapezium. U and V are midpoints (6) In the diagram, PQRS and STXW are rectangles.
of PQ and QR respectively. TX = 8 cm and QU = UV.

10 cm 15 cm Q
P
P U Q 2 cm
T 5 cm
10 cm X
W U
V
T
6 cm S R S W V 4 cm T

Calculate the area, in cm2, of the shaded region. Calculate the area, in cm2, of the shaded region.
A. 20 A. 60
B. 24 B. 66
C. 60 C. 70
D. 100 D. 76

(k) solve problems involving the areas of triangles, rectangles, parallelograms and trapeziums
(1) In the diagram, VWXYZ is a trapezium. (2) The diagram consists of three identical isosceles
triangles. FGH is a straight line.
Z 5 cm Y E J

13 cm
13 cm

V 5 cm W X
F G H

Given that the area of the trapezium is 120 cm2. The perimeter of the whole diagram is 56 cm.
Find the length, in cm, of WX. Find the area, in cm2, of the whole diagram.
A. 10 A. 60
B. 12 B. 90
C. 15 C. 180
D. 25 D. 195

(3) The diagram shows a trapezium PQTU and a (4) The diagram shows a trapezium JKLM and an
parallelogram QRST. PQR and UTS are isosceles triangle KLM. NML is a straight line.
straight lines.

20 cm J K
P Q R

N M 8 cm L
U T 9 cm S
The area of KLM is 24 cm2. Calculate the area,
The area of QRST is is 63 cm2. Calculate the in cm2, of the trapezium JKMN.
area, in cm2, of the trapezium PQTU.
A. 48
A. 70
B. 80 B. 60

C. 120 C. 72
D. 140 D. 120
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(5) In the diagram, ACEG is a rectangle. (6) The diagram shows a square and four similar right
angled triangles.
A H 5 cm G
7 cm
K 4 cm
B
5 cm J F
3 cm

C 7 cm D E

Given the area of the square is 144 cm2. Find the

Given the area of ACEG is 98 cm2. Calculate the
area, in cm2, of the whole diagram.
area, in cm2, of the shaded region.
A. 84
A. 55
B. 144
B. 56
C. 228
C. 57
D. 312
D. 58

(7) In the diagram, JMRS and PQML are squares. (8) In the diagram, PQXW is a trapezium and STUV
is a square, PSVW, QRX and UVR are straight
lines.
P
Q T U
R L S V W
M P
S 9 cm 20 cm
13 cm
J 12 cm K
Q R X

If the area of PQML is 100 cm2, calculate the Given that the area of STUV is 25 cm2.
area, in cm2, of JMRS. Calculate the area, in cm2, of the shaded region.
A. 25 A. 186
B. 49 B. 191
C. 125 C. 216
D. 149 D. 221

(9) The diagram shows three squares drawn on the (10) In the diagram, PQR is a right-angled triangle.
sides of triangle PQR. Four squares are drawn on the sides of the triangle.

P P 25 cm2
Q k cm2 Q

289 cm2 100 cm2

225 cm2 144 cm2
R R

Find the value of k.

Calculate the area, in cm2, of the shaded region.
A. 4
A. 104
B. 9
B. 112
C. 25
C. 124
D. 49
D. 132