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Technical Answers For Real World Problems (TARP) Assignment-7

This document describes a density based traffic light system project. The goal is to reduce traffic congestion by increasing or decreasing green light time based on traffic density. The key components needed are photodiodes, diodes, LEDs, resistors, capacitors, a crystal, voltage regulator, transistors, and a PIC microcontroller. Infrared diodes and photodiodes are used to detect vehicle presence and send logic signals to the microcontroller inputs to adjust green light times accordingly between intersections. When vehicle presence is detected, the green light time will be increased to allow more vehicles to pass through.

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Anup Patel
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80 views3 pages

Technical Answers For Real World Problems (TARP) Assignment-7

This document describes a density based traffic light system project. The goal is to reduce traffic congestion by increasing or decreasing green light time based on traffic density. The key components needed are photodiodes, diodes, LEDs, resistors, capacitors, a crystal, voltage regulator, transistors, and a PIC microcontroller. Infrared diodes and photodiodes are used to detect vehicle presence and send logic signals to the microcontroller inputs to adjust green light times accordingly between intersections. When vehicle presence is detected, the green light time will be increased to allow more vehicles to pass through.

Uploaded by

Anup Patel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Technical Answers For Real World Problems (TARP)

Assignment-7

Name: Anup Kumar Patel


Reg. No.: 16BEC0748
We have selected Density Based Traffic Light System as our project for this subject. The main
motive of the project is to reduce the traffic congestion by increasing or decreasing the green
light time based on the traffic density.

We have figured out the Components we will need to make the hardware:-

 Photodiode
 Diode(IN4007)
 LED
 Resistor
 Variable Resistor
 Capacitor
 Crystal
 Voltage Regulator
 Transistor
 PIC Microcontroller

Block Diagram:
Power Supply:

Microcontroller:
Working:
 The project uses the IR interruption concept for generating logic states to the input
of the MC. To achieve the same a number of IR diodes are used facings
photodiodes. While IR diodes are forward biased the photodiodes are reverse
biased in series with the variable resistor for adjustment purposes. While the IR
light falls on the photodiode the resistance of the photodiode falls increasing the
bias voltage required for Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5. Thus the transistors are in conducting
state. As the collector of those transistors are connected to corresponding port pins
from as an input for the program to the executed.
 Twelve number of LEDS representing as signal lights are connected to the output
of the MC in sink mode to port C, port D. while all the input coming from Q1 to
Q5 are in logic low state, the output LEDs i.e., 3 for junction Red, Amber & Green
of each way of the four ways switch ON in 3 defined intervals in clockwise direction
for a fixed duration. Thus low traffic density in one of the way effects traffic of low
in the high density way. In this project while any of the transistors Q 1 to Q5 goes
high because of IR interruption while the vehicle comes in between the photodiode
& the IR diode.
 Thus the logic high sensed by the MC input changes the green ON time to a higher
value for allowing more vehicles to pass through. After sometime in case any other
way gets more logic high, the sequential timing gets automatically increased for
that way. Each way is divided into 3 active zones, each zone representing some
specific length. Based on the IR interruption the green ON time increases, thus
more the vehicle longer will be the green signal time. Thus dynamic time control
is achieved based on the traffic density.

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