A Guide to Level 1 (Northern)

Wela’ i efo fy llugad bach i, rhywbeth yn dechrau efo…

Gwers 1
Vocabulary Introduced:

isio – to want
dw i isio – I want
siarad – to speak
Cymraeg – Welsh (the language)
dysgu – to learn
trio – to try
mynd – to go
dw i’n mynd i – I am going to
ymarfer – to practice
fedra’ i ddim – I can’t
cofio – to remember
sut – how
angen – to need
dw i angen – I need
dal – still
gwella – to improve
Examples:

Dw i isio siarad Cymraeg – I want to speak Welsh.

Dw i’n mynd i siarad Cymraeg – I am going to speak Welsh.
Dw i’n trio ymarfer siarad Cymraeg – I am trying to speak Welsh.
Dw i’n mynd i drio siarad Cymraeg, ond fedra’ i ddim cofio sut – I am going to try to speak welsh, but I can’t
remember how.
Dw i dal angen ymarfer siarad – I still need to practice speaking.
Dw i’n mynd i wella – I am going to improve.

Gwers 2
Vocabulary Introduced:

dweud – to say
rhywbeth – something
yn y Gymraeg – in Welsh
beth (be’) – what
 ond – but
rŵan – now
o’n i isio – I wanted
well i mi – I’d better
a/ac – and
hyd yn hyn – yet
Examples:

Dw i isio dweud rhywbeth yn y Gymraeg – I want to say something in Welsh.

Ond fedra’ i ddim cofio sut i ddweud beth dw i iso dweud – But I can’t remember sow to say what I want to say.

Gwers 3
Vocabulary Introduced:

dechrau – to start
dw i newydd – I’ve just
dw i wedi anghofio – I’ve forgotten
dw i wedi bod yn dysgu – I have been learning
am fis – for a month
dw i wedi bod yn siarad – I have been speaking
am tua mis – for about a month
o’n i’n trio – I was trying
bod – that [as in …that I need to…]
bo’ fi – that I [as in …that I need to…]
Examples:

Dw i newydd ddechrau dysgu siarad Cymraeg – I’ve just started to learn to speak Welsh.
O’n i’n trio dweud bo’ fi wedi bod yn dysgu Cymraeg am tua mis rŵan – I was trying to say that I have been learning
Welsh for about a month now.
Dw i wedi anghofio sut i ddweud rhywbeth – I’ve forgotten how to say something.

Gwers 4
Vocabulary Introduced:

rhaid i mi – I must, I’ve got to

mwy – more
mae dal rhaid i mi – I still must, I’ve still got to
mae gen i – I’ve got, I have
mwynhau – to enjoy
y/yr – the
cyfle – chance
meddwl – to think
licio – to like
liciwn i – I would like
efo chdi – with you
Examples:

Rhaid i mi ymarfer myw – I must practice more.

Dw i’n mwynhau dysgu Cymraeg ond mae dal rhaid i mi ymarfer siarad mwy – I enjoy learning Welsh but I still have
to practice speaking more.
Liciwn i ddweud bo’ fi newydd ddechrau siarad Cymraeg, ond dw i’n mwynhau ymarfer efo chdi – I would like to say
that I have just started speaking Welsh, but I enjoy practicing with you.
Dw i’n meddwl bo’ fi angen y cyfle i siarad mwy – I think that I need the chance to speak more.

Gwers 5
Vocabulary Introduced:

mi fedra’ i – I can
os medra’ i – if I can
dw i ddim yn siŵr – I’m not sure
rhywbeth arall – something else
unrhyw beth arall – anything else
mae’n – It is [mae hi’n / mae o’n]
diddorol – interesting
achos – because
stopio – to stop
dw i ddim isio – I don’t want
dw i’n meddwl bod hi’n ddiddorol – I think that it’s interesting

Examples:

Mi fedra’ i gofio sut i ddeud beth dw i isio dweud – I can remember how to say what I want to say.
A dwi ddim yn siwr beth o’n i’n trio deud – And I’m not sure what I was trying to say.
Mae dal rhaid i mi ddeud rhywbeth arall – I’ve still got to say something else.
Dw i newydd ddechrau dysgu Cymraeg achos mae’n ddiddorol – I’ve just started to learn Welsh because it’s
interesting.
Dw i ddim isio stopio rwan achos achos dwi’n meddwl bo hi’n ddiddorol – I don’t want to stop now because I think it’s
interesting.

Gwers 6
Vocabulary Introduced:

ti’n siarad – you speak

ti’n ei siarad hi – you speak it
da - good
yn dda – well
yn dda iawn – very well
bo’ ti’n siarad / bo’ chdi’n siarad – that you speak
ti angen – you need
gwneud – to do
eto – again
gwneud eto – to do again
ti’n gwneud – you’re doing
ti wedi gwneud – you’ve done
yn amlach – more often
blwyddyn – year
Examples:

Dw i isio dweud bo fi’n meddwl bo ti’n siarad hi’n dda iawn – I want to say that I think that you speak it very well.
Ti’n gwneud beth ti angen gwneud i siarad Cymraeg yn dda – You’re doing what you need to do to speak Welsh well.
Ti angen ymarfer siarad yn amlach, ond ti wedi gwneud yn dda iawn – You need to practice speaking more often, but
you’ve done very well.

Gwers 7
Vocabulary Introduced:

ddudest ti – you said

beth ddudest ti / be’ ddudest ti – what you said
ti wedi bod yn dysgu – you have been learning
wyt ti wedi bod yn dysgu? / wyt ti ‘di bod yn dysgu? – have you been learning?
pa mor hir...? – how long...?
wnest ti ddecharu – you started
wythnos – week
wythnol yn ôl – a week ago
wnest ti ddecharu? – did you start?
pan – when
pryd? – when?
Examples:

Ddudest ti rywbeth diddorol – You said something interesting.

Dwi’n mynd i gofio be ddudest ti – I’m going to remember what you said.
Wyt ti ‘di bod yn dysgu Cymraeg eto? – Have you been learning Welsh again?
Pa mor hir wyt ti ‘di bod yn siarad Cymraeg? – How long have you been speaking Welsh?
Wnest ti ddechrau dysgu mis yn ôl – You started to learn a month ago.

Gwers 8
Vocabulary Introduced:

mi fedri di – you can

fedri di...? – can you...?, could you...?
yn araf – slowly
ti isio – you want
wyt ti isio? – do you want?
lle? – where?
yn arafach – more slowly
bach yn arafach – a while more slowly
ti wedi dysgu / ti ‘di dysgu – you’ve learnt
Examples:

Mi fedri di ddeud be ti ‘di gwneud – You could say what you’ve done.
Fedri di ddeud o eto yn araf? – Could you say it again slowly?
Pryd wnest ti ddechrau siarad Cymraeg? – When did you start speaking Welsh?

Gwers 9
Vocabulary Introduced:

gwybod – to know
wyt ti angen? – do you need?
deall (dallt) – to understand
 wnes i ddim – I didn’t
mae’n ddrwg gen i – I’m sorry
efo fi – with me
dw i isio i ti siarad – I want you to speak
helpu – to help
helpu chdi (dy helpu di) – help you
Examples:

Liciwn i wybod sut i ddeud o yn y Gymraeg – I’d like to know how to say it in Welsh.
Mae’n ddrwg gen i ond wnes i ddim dallt be ddudest ti – I’m sorry, but I didn’t understand what you said.
Fedri di ddeud o eto bach yn arafach? – Could you say it again a while more slowly?
Dw i isio helpu chdi i ddallt be’ dwi’n mynd i ddeud – I want to help you understand what I’m going to say.
Dw i’n meddwl y liciwn i helpu chdi i ddallt bo’ fi dal angen ymarfer – I think I would like to help you understand that
I still need to practice.

Gwers 10
Vocabulary Introduced:

diolch – thank you

diolch yn fawr – thank you very much
do’n i ddim – I didn’t, I wasn’t
wyt ti? – are you?
dw i’n dod o – I come from
o le wyt ti’n dod? – where do you come from?
Lloegr – England
Cymru – Wales
America – America
Yr Almaen – Germany
Sbaen – Spain
Siapan – Japan
Awstralia - Australia
Yr India – India
do’n i ddim isio – I didn’t want
gofyn – to ask
gofyn wrthot ti – to ask you
dw i ddim – I don’t
Examples:

Diolch yn fawr ond dwi’n meddwl bo’ fi angen ymarfer mwy – Thank you very much, but I think I need to practice
more.
Mae’n ddrwg gen i ond do’n i ddim yn gwybod bo ti’n siarad Cymraeg – I’m sorry, but I didn’t know that you speak
Welsh.
O le wyt ti’n dod? Dw i’n dod o Sbaen! – Where do you come from? I come from Spain!
Mae’n ddrwg gen i ond dwi angen gofyn wrthot ti eto – I’m sorry, but I need to ask you again.
Dwi ddim isio gofyn unrhywbeth arall wrthot ti – I don’t want to ask you anything else.

Gwers 11
Vocabulary Introduced:

o / fo – he
 mae o – he is
mae o’n trio – he’s trying
mae o’n mynd i – he is going to
mae o newydd ddechrau – he’s just started
byddai fo – he would
dyn – man, a man
y dyn – the man
mae’r dyn isio – the man wants
mae dyn isio – a man wants
ifanc – young
y dyn ifanc – the young man
sydd isio – who wants
dw i’n nabod – I know [a person]
ffrind – friend
Examples:

Mae o’n trio dechrau dysgu Cymraeg – He’s trying to start learning Welsh.
Mae o’n mynd i gofio sut i ddeud rhywbeth yn y Gymraeg – He is going to remember how to say something in
Welsh.
Byddai fo’n licio gwybod pa mor hir dw i ‘di bod yn dysgu Cymraeg – He’d like to know how long I’ve been learning
Welsh.
Dw i’n nabod dyn ifanc sydd newydd ddechrau dysgu Cymraeg – I know a young man who’s just started to learn
Welsh.

Gwers 12
Vocabulary Introduced:

mae hi isio – she wants

dynas – woman
y ddynas – the woman
hen – old
hen ddynas – an old woman
roedd hi isio / oedd hi isio – she wanted
well iddi hi – she’d better
well iddo fo – he’d better
Examples:

Mae’r hen ddynas yn mynd i helpu chdi – The old woman is going to help you.
Byddai fo’n licio dysgu Cymraeg am tua wythnos – He’d like to learn Welsh for about a week.
Oedd hi isio helpu’r hen ddyn – She wanted to help the old man.
Dwi’n nabod dynas ifanc sydd yn mynd i ofyn rhywbeth wrthot ti – I know a young woman who’s going to ask you
something.
Well iddi hi ddechrau dysgu Cymraeg – She’d better start to learn Welsh.
Well iddo fo gofio beth mae o’n mynd i ddeud – He’d better remember what he’s going to say.

Gwers 13
Vocabulary Introduced:

cyfarfod – to meet
wnes i gyfarfod – I met
 rhywun – someone
neithiwr – last night
sydd yn nabod / sy’n nabod – who knows [someone]
chwaer – sister
dy chwaer – your sister
gweithio – to work
sydd yn gweithio / sy’n gweithio – who works
dweud wrth – to tell
dweud wrthaf fi – to tell me
oedd o isio i mi dweud wrthot ti – he wanted me to tell you
oedd o isio i ti dweud wrthaf fi – he wanted you to tell me
Examples:

Wnes i gyfarfod rhywun neithiwr sy’n nabod dy chwaer yn dda – I met someone last night who knows your sister
well.
Wnes i gyfarfod dyn ifanc neithiwr sy’n gweithio efo dy chwaer – I met a young man last night who works with your
sister.
Oedd yr hen ddyn isio dweud rhywbeth wrthaf fi neithiwr – The old man wanted to tell me something last night.
Oedd o isio i ti ddeud rhywbeth diddorol wrthaf fi – He wanted you to tell me something interesting.

Gwers 14
Vocabulary Introduced:

ddoe – yesterday
brawd – brother
fy mrawd – my brother
wnaeth fy mrawd gyfarfod – my brother met
yn y dafarn – in the pub
ddudodd hi – he said
ddudodd hi bod hi – she said that she
ddudodd o fod o – he said that he
ddudodd – who said
rhywun ddudodd – someone who said
Examples:

Wnaeth fy chwaer gyfarfod rhywun ddoe sy’n nabod dy chwaer di – My sister met someone yesterday who knows
your sister.
Wnes i gyfarfod rhywun yn y dafarn neithiwr ddudodd fod o’n nabod y ddynas ifanc – I met someone in the pub last
night who said that he knows the young woman.
Ddudodd y ddynas ifanc yn y dafarn neithiwr bod hi isio siarad efo chdi – The young woman in the pub last night said
that she wants to speak with you.
Mae o isio i ti ddeud wrthaf fi beth i wneud – He wants you to tell me what to do.

Gwers 15
Vocabulary Introduced:

o’n i’n siarad – I was speaking

heddiw – today
ddudodd o wrthaf fi – he told me
rhywun oedd isio – someone who wanted
Examples:

Ddudodd o wrthaf fi fod o isio helpu chdi – He told me that he wants to help you.
O’n i’n siarad efo rhywun ddudodd rhywbeth diddorol wrthaf fi heddiw – I was speaking with someone who told me
something interesting today.
Ddudodd o fod o’n nabod rhywun oedd isio siarad efo chdi – He said that he knows someone who wanted to speak
with you.

Gwers 16
Vocabulary Introduced:

y llyfr – the book

y llyfr hwn – this book
darllen – to read
y ffilm – the film
y ffilm ‘na – that film
gwylio – to watch
heno – tonight
am – about
wyt ti’n licio? – do you like?
wnest ti fwynhau? – did you enjoy?
wnes i fwynhau – I enjoyed
yn fawr iawn – very much
Examples:

Mae gen i ffrind sy’n licio’r llyfr hwn – I’ve got a friend who likes this book.
Byddai fo’n licio darllen y llyfr hwn – He’d like to read this book.
Wnes i gyfarfod rhywun yn y dafarn sydd isio gwylio’r ffilm 'na – I met someone in the pub who wants to watch that
film.
Liciwn i ddarllen y llyfr hwn am dy chwaer heno – I’d like to read this book about your sister tonight.
Wnest ti fwynhau’r ffilm 'na am ddyn ifanc oedd isio dysgu Cymraeg? – Did you enjoy that film about a young man
who wanted to learn Welsh?
Wnes i fwynhau gwylio’r ffilm 'na yn fawr iawn – I enjoyed watching that film very much.

Gwers 17
Vocabulary Introduced:

y penwythnos – the weekend

ar y penwythnos – at the weekend
amser da – a good time
gest ti? – did you have?
nos, noson – night
Nos Wener – Friday night
allan – out
es i allan – I went out [ also: wnes i fynd allan]
ychydig o ffrindiau – a few friends
gweld – to see
weles i – I saw [also: wnes i weld]
ges i – I had
do, ges i amser da – yes, I had a good time
 gwydrad neu ddau – a drink or two [lit. a glass or two]
Examples:

O’n i’n siarad efo rhywun ar y penwythnos ddudodd rhywbeth wrthaf fi – I was speaking with someone at the
weekend who told me something.
Gest ti amser da efo dy chwaer ar y penwythnos? – Did you have a good time with your sister at the weekend?
Es i allan neithiwr efo dyn ifanc sy’n licio’r ffilm 'na – I went out last night with a young man who likes that film.
Weles i ychydig o ffrindiau nos Wener – I saw a few friends on Friday night.
Do, ges i amser da, diolch yn fawr iawn – Yes, I had a good time, thank you very much.

Gwers 18
Vocabulary Introduced:

llawer – a lot
llawer mwy – a lot more
dw i wedi dysgu / dw i ‘di dysgu – I’ve learnt
yn barod – already
dw i’n hapus – I’ happy
faint – how much
dw i wedi gwneud / dw i ‘di gwneud – I’ve done
byr – short
mewn – in a
mewn amser byr – in a short time
dw i’n teimlo – I feel
ti’n teimlo – you feel
sut wyt ti’n teimlo? – how do you feel?
dw i’n synnu at – I’m surprised at
Examples:

Ddudodd o bo fi ‘di dysgu llawer yn barod – He said that I’ve learnt a lot already.
Dw i’n hapus efo be ddudest ti – I’m happy with what you said.
Dw i’n teimlo bo fi ‘di gneud llawer mewn amser byr – I feel that I’ve done a lot in a short time.

Gwers 19
Vocabulary Introduced:

wnes i ddim – I didn’t [often heard as: wnes i ddim gwneud]

Dydd Sadwrn – Saturday
ymlacio – to relax
tipyn – a little
tipyn bach – a little bit
am dipyn – for a while
braf – nice
roedd o’n braf – it was nice
wnes i wylio – I watched
y pêl-droed – the football
bach o deledu – a bit of television
wnest ti wylio? – did you watch?
y teledu – the television
ar y teledu – on the TV
Examples:

Dw i’n synnu at faint dwi ‘di dysgu’n barod – I’m surprised at how much I’ve learnt already.
Weles i ychydig o ffrindiau ddydd Sadwrn – I saw a few friends on Saturday.
Fedra i ddim ymlacio hyd yn hyn achos dwi dal angen gwella – I can’t relax yet because I still need to improve.
Wnes i wylio’r pêl-droed am dipyn – I watched the football for a while.

Gwers 20
Vocabulary Introduced:

cyflym – quickly
yn eitha’ cyflym – fairly quickly
mae o’n mynd – it goes
tydy? – doesn’t it?
Dydd Sul – Sunday
pnawn – afternoon
ti’n mynd i wneud / wnei di – you’re going to do
beth wnei di? / be’ wnei di? – what are you going to do?, what will you do?
yfory – tomorrow
Examples:

Oedd yn braf dysgu yn eitha' cyflym – It was nice to learn fairly quickly.
Mae’n mynd yn gyflym iawn ar y penwythnos, tydy? – It goes very quickly at the weekend, doesn’t it?
Dw i’n mynd i ymlacio am dipyn a darllen y llyfr hwn bnawn dydd Sul – I’m going to relax for a while and read this
book on Sunday afternoon.
Dw i’n synnu at be ti isio gneud yfory – I’m surprised at what you want to do tomorrow.

Gwers 21
Vocabulary Introduced:

mae’n well gen i / well gen i – I’d rather

bore – morning
mam – mother
fy mam – my mother
dydy hi ddim yn licio – she doesn’t like
ddylwn i ddim – I shouldn’t
weithia – sometimes
pawb – everyone
Examples:

Well gen i siarad Cymraeg – I’d rather speak Welsh.

Weithia ddylwn i ddim gofyn – Sometimes I shouldn’t ask.
Ddudodd pawb wrthaf fi y byddai fo’n licio siarad Cymraeg weithia – Everyone told me that he’d like to speak Welsh
sometimes.
Dw i ddim isio deud wrth fy mam be dwi’n mynd i neud yfory – I don’t want to tell my mother what I’m going to do
tomorrow.

Gwers 22
Vocabulary Introduced:
 neb – nobody
does neb isio – nobody wants
tad – father
fy nhad – my father
peth – thing
yr un peth – the same thing
yr un peth â – the same thin gas
hynna – that
digon – enough
yfed – to drink
wyt ti wedi cael? / wyt ti ‘di cael? – have you had?
nesa’ - next
dyna – that’s
Examples:

Does neb isio gofyn wrthot ti be ti ‘di gwneud – Nobody wants to ask you what you’ve done.
Oedd fy nhad isio gwylio bach o deledu ddoe – My father wanted to watch a bit of television yesterday.
Ddudodd dy fam wrthaf fi na ddylwn i ddim gneud yr un peth – Your mother told me that I shouldn’t do the same
thing.
Wyt ti ‘di cael cyfle i ddarllen y llyfr ‘na? – Have you had a chance to read that book?
Dyna ddigon am rŵan – That’s enough for now.

Gwers 23
Vocabulary Introduced:

bwyta – to eat
wela’ i – I ‘ll see
wela’ i chdi – I’ll see you
yno – there
yn nes ymlaen – later on
ti’n barod – you’re ready
wyt ti’n barod – are you ready?
yndw, dw i’n barod – yes, I’m ready
pobl – people
aros – to wait
aros am – to wait for
pwysig – important
mae’n bwysig – it’s important
Examples:

Wyt ti ‘di cael digon i fwyta? – Have you had enough to eat?
Wela i chdi yn y dafarn heno – I’ll see you in the pub tonight.
Dw i dal angen mynd yno efo chdi yn nes ymlaen – I still need to go there with you later.
Mae rhai pobl yn meddwl yr un peth – Some people think the same thing.

Gwers 24
Vocabulary Introduced:

gormod – too much

penwythnos diwetha’ – last weekend
 clywes i – I heard
gest ti – you had
clywes i bo’ ti’n mynd i / clywes i bo’ chdi’n mynd i – I heard that you were going to
posib – possible
mae’n bosib – it’s possible
cymaint â – as much as
ym aml – often
paid ag aros – don’t wait
Examples:

Dw i’n mwynhau’r cyfle i fwyta gormod – I enjoy a chance to eat too much.
Clywes i bo ti ‘di bod yn dysgu am tua mis – I heard that you’ve been learning for about a month.
Mae’n bosib, ddudodd hi wrthaf fi – It’s possible, she told me.
Clywes i bo ti’n mynd i fynd allan mor aml â phosib – I heard you were going to go out as often as possible.

Gwers 25
Vocabulary Introduced:

o’n i’n mynd – I was going

chlywes i ddim – I didn’t hear
chest ti ddim – you didn’t have
Examples:

O’n i’n mynd i yfed gormod nos Wener – I was going to drink too much on Friday night.
O’n i’n mynd i ddeud cymaint â phosib – I was going to say as much as possible.
Chlywes i ddim beth oedd yr hen ddynes isio – I didn’t hear what the old woman wanted.
Clywes i na chest ti ddim amser i wylio’r pêldroed ddydd Sadwrn – I heard that you didn’t have time to watch the
football on Saturday.
Sut wyt ti’n teimlo am dy Gymraeg? – How do you feel about your Welsh?
Dwi’n hapus efo faint dwi ‘di dysgu – I’m happy with how much I’ve learnt.