Certificate E-Course on Smart Cities Planning and Development

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Snapshots: is Smart inl U n i
a City?
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e Module II
Lecture 4
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http://www2.schneider-
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http://www2.schneider-
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http://www2.schneider-
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http://www2.schneider-
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 Hyderabad: Soliciting Citizen Feedback to
Improve Service Delivery

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• The Problem

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Citizens were reporting problems with garbage delivery, road maintenance, and street

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lighting to the Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC), but the city encountered

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difficulties responding to all citizen complaints in a timely manner.

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• The Solution

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The GMHC established an online complaints and reviews system to improve services

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available to citizens. The system includes 4,687 citizen service centres, a 48-hour response

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deadline and an additional crowd complaint option that allows multiple people to escalate a

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complaint by contacting local officials and lodging any grievances. The government also

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makes 12 monitoring vehicles responsible for monitoring 2,000 kilometres of Hyderabad.

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These vehicles gather photographic and video evidence to help government identify and
address local problems.

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• The Results
The complaints system enabled the GHMC commissioner and other senior officials to closely
monitor services including garbage delivery, manhole coverage, street lighting, stray dogs,
toilet facilities, potholes and illegal constructions. Today, 30% of complaints to GHMC are
made online, and the government has also launched a mobile app in partnership with the
private sector that will make reporting grievances even easier.
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Mumbai: Bringing Sanitation
Solutions to Urban Slums
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The Problem
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In 2011, more than 50% of homes in Mumbai did not have toilets, meaning a

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large proportion of the population depended on public toilets. The result:

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toxic bacteria in the air and the water, which spreads disease.

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The Solution

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The Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) and community-

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based agencies worked together with communities to install 330 modern

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and technological “toilet blocks” — including 5,100 toilet seats.

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The Results ra
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Mumbai’s Slum Sanitation Programme created enough sanitary facilities to
serve 400,000 people in the slums of Mumbai, improving the health of
citizens and infrastructure of the city. The new facilities received a 15%
higher approval rating from citizens than the contract-run toilets they
replaced.
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Rajkot: Increasing Transparency to
Improve Transportation Service

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The Problem

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When a rickshaw driver was both rude to him and overcharged him for his trip, an

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entrepreneur in Rajkot sprung into action. The encounter highlighted a set of common

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problems in Indian transportation — the lack of good customer service and transparent,

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standard fees.

The Solution
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G-Auto was developed to ensure better customer and driver experiences. The initiative

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allows customers to use an online or mobile app to book an auto rickshaw. G-Auto has also

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created a transparent, metered payment system, and an online feedback form. This solution

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would not have flourished without city support. In Rajkot, the city government played a key

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role in enabling the solution by introducing reforms by working with various city
stakeholders, such as the regional transport office, traffic police, driver unions and service

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providers.

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The Results
G-Auto, which was launched in 2009, has built a network of 15,000 drivers across
Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Rajkot, Surat, and Delhi. It offers customers multiple services,
including a door-to-door service, a tourist service, a daily commuter service, and an out-of-
town service. The Government of India has endorsed the project and recommended the
adoption of similar platforms.
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Surat: Upgrading Sanitation Standards to
Improve Public Health

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The Problem
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Surat suffered an outbreak of bubonic plague in 1994. The plague claimed 56 lives

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and many citizens fled the city. Surat’s narrow streets,dense settlements and poor

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drainage systems made cleansing the city and preventing the further spread of

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disease a significant challenge.
The Solution

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The Surat local authority and the municipal commissioner at the time ensured that

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major roads and markets were cleaned twice a day; enacted strict hygiene and

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sanitation standards in eating houses, sweetshops, fruit and vegetable shops; fined
people for littering; improved solid waste management; and divided the city into

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52 “sanitary wards,” each of which had its own cleanliness inspector. The city also

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launched public-private partnerships to improve waste collection.

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The Results

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Results were visible within weeks, and today, Surat is seen as one of India’s
cleanest cities. Surat also built upon its early successes. It has set an example with
its computerised water distribution and drainage system and modern sewage
treatment plants. Surat's policies and solutions have become a national model for
other cities to follow.
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Bangkok: Improving Neighbourhoods
through Citizen-Led Planning

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The Problem
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In the early 2000s, many of Thailand’s poorest citizens were living in rundown

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slums that lacked sufficient homes and basic infrastructure. With an increasing

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population, the health and welfare of citizens in these neighbourhoods was in

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danger.
The Solution

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Central and local government officials called on affected citizens and communities

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to offer solutions, and a pilot was launched within the informal settlements along

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the Bang Bua Canal in Bangkok. Instead of just building houses, the Baan Mankong
project empowered some of the poorest people in Thailand to be directly involved

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in shaping their whole community and encouraged people to see informal

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settlements as part of the wider city.

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The Results

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Through the scaling of Baan Mankong, more than 1,000 communities innovated
and implemented projects in 226 towns and cities, improving 54,000 households.
The United Nations commended the initiative for using community action to
upgrade slums.

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Barcelona: Promoting Solar Energy to
Increase Sustainability

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The Problem
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Barcelona, which has the second largest metropolitan population in Spain,

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was heavily dependent on costly and environmentally damaging fossil fuels.

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The city was pushed to identify a different solution to take the city's energy

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policy in a new direction.
The Solution
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The city government of Barcelona issued a Solar Thermal Ordinance in
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1999. The ordinance set targets for public and private buildings, making it
compulsory to use solar energy to supply 60% of running hot water in all

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new or renovated buildings. It also put solar powered bus stops on

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Barcelona’s streets.

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The Results

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Barcelona has reduced its energy consumption by 25,000 MWh annually
compared to 2000 usage levels. It has achieved this by creating a more
environmentally friendly energy supply, including more solar and more
photovoltaic energy. More than 70 other Spanish cities have followed
Barcelona’s example. 13
 Curitiba: Increasing Recycling
Through Citizen Incentives

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The Problem
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In the early 1990s, the city had limited capacity to routinely pick up trash, which

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left garbage piled up on the streets. The city desperately needed better methods

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of picking up garbage and to reduce its production of waste.
The Solution
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Curitiba pioneered a series of environmental protection efforts, including a new

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recycling plan, “Garbage that is not garbage,” which encouraged recycling. The city
also began rewarding citizens with food, books, or bus tickets when they separated

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their organic and non-organic waste.

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The Results

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Within five years, 70% of households in Curitiba had become active participants in
the waste reduction strategy, preventing tens of thousands of tons of waste from
being sent to landfills.

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Hangzhou: Bike Sharing to Improve
Public Mobility

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The Problem
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Traffic congestion in Hangzhou, the capital of China’s Zhejiang province, made

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commuting a challenge; it was also harming the environment and public health.

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Studies showed that 40% of air pollution in Hangzhou was the result of vehicle

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emissions.

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The Solution

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Hangzhou’s government invested 180 million Yuan to create a bike sharing system

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that connected to the public transport network.

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The Results

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The bike share program includes 66,000 bicycles and 2,700 sharing stations.
Officials plan for the program to include 175,000 bicycles by 2020. The initiative
has improved Hangzhou’s environment, making it more attractive to tourists. It has
also created a more affordable way for people to get around the city.

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 Istanbul: Pedestrianizing Streets to
Improve Public Mobility

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The Problem
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Istanbul's car-dominated roads were dangerous for pedestrians and

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detrimental to the city’s air quality. The constant congestion also made the

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city less accessible.

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The Solution

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In 2010, Instanbul's Faith Municipality engaged in a robust public-private

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partnership to facilitate the pedestrianization project to improve and

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expand mobility options and create a more accessible area in Istanbul’s
Historic Peninsula.
The Results
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Since 2011, Istanbul has pedestrianized 295 streets — through

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infrastructure upgrades and by making it easier for people to use trains,

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ferries, buses, and bicycles rather than cars. A survey of local students,
residents, and business owners found that 80% of the local community
feels safer and approves of the changes. Residents surveyed noted the
changes improved the ease of commuting, made neighbourhoods quieter,
and improved air quality. 16
Porto Alegre: Improving City Life
through Participatory Budgeting

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The Problem
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A third of Porto Alegre, Brazil’s citizens lived in isolated slums with inadequate

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facilities, and citizens had very little involvement in identifying solutions that would

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make their lives better.

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The Solution

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Starting in 1989, community members in Porto Alegre were encouraged to identify

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their spending priorities, select budget delegates who had the support of various

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experts, develop spending proposals, vote on proposals and then forward them to

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local government authorities for implementation.

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The Results

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Participatory budgeting reprioritized government spending, helping to quadruple

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the number of schools across the city, tackle poverty, and reduce corruption.

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Overall, Porto Alegre became more equitable, more transparent, and more

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accountable. This approach also empowered citizens and gave them an
opportunity ot address their concerns. The World Bank credited the initiative for
increasing the number of homes linked to sewage and water systems to nearly
100%.

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New York: Transforming Streets to
Increase Mobility and Public Safety

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The Problem
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Between 2001 and 2009, motorists killed 3,774 people on New York City Streets. In

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addition to the deaths, roughly 4,000 New Yorkers suffered serious injuries in road

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accidents each year.

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The Solution

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Using smart data modelling techniques to analyze traffic and pedestrian patterns,

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New York City’s Department of Transportation (NYCDOT) proposed removing motor

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vehicles from some New York City’s busiest roads so the space could be converted

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into public spaces for pedestrians and cyclists. NYCDOT also oversaw the creation
of miles of segregated bicycle lanes and created a bicycle sharing program, which

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made cycling a viable transportation option for citizens.

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The Results

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Almost instantaneously, average travel times improved and injuries to pedestrians

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fell by as much as 35%. Cycling became an easier transport option, and 74% of
New Yorkers surveyed by the Times Square Alliance — one of the neighbourhoods
affected by the transformations — said that Times Square had dramatically
improved.

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 Questions?

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• Identify the Key Smart Solutions?
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• Which Smart solutions you like the most and
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why?
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• Which Smart Solutions are suitable for your
city?
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